| 1. |
- Husu, Liisa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Representations of women researchers in Finnish print media : top researchers, multi-talents and experts [Representaciones de mujeres investigadoras En la prensa escrita finlandesa: investigadoras de élite, multi-talentos y expertas]
- 2016
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Ingår i: Investigaciones Feministas. - Madrid, Spain : Universidad Complutense de Madrid. - 2171-6080. ; 7:2, s. 203-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women’s underrepresentation in the scientific community is currently on the agenda of science policy, both in Europe and internationally. The significance of media as a provider of female role models, on the one hand, and in reproducing stereotypical images of scientists, on the other hand, is often mentioned in this context. However, there is relative lack of research on how women researchers are depicted in the media, especially outside US and UK contexts. Finland provides an interesting context to study media representations of women in research, as a relatively gender equal and research intensive setting seen from a global perspective.The media representations of women researchers in Finland were explored by analyzing person interviews in Finnish printed media: newspapers, women’s magazines and magazines aimed for general public. The data consists of 107 interviews of women researchers from all fields of research, published in 1997-2014. Overwhelming majority of the interviews was written by female journalists. The analysis focuses on both social and linguistic aspects of the interviews from a gender perspective. Women researchers were found to be represented by a variation of frames, the most common of which were the Expert and the Top Researcher. Their family context was frequently mentioned, and the interviews frequently commented their appearance(e.g. hair, physique, way of moving).The fact that the interviewees’ family context was often highlighted in the interviews may serve to convey a message that it is possible and common to combine a career in research and family. One main result of the study was the diversity of representations of female researchers,compared to US and UK studies. The diversity of the media images of female researchers suggests that the media may provide important role models for young women, encouraging women to choose research as a profession.
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| 2. |
- Axelsson, Tobias, 1979-
(författare)
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När män möts som pappor : Fadrandets politik och praktik i det jämställda och pappavänliga Sverige
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis analyses how fathering is done and how fathers are constructed through the separate organising of men as fathers in meeting places for fathers on parental leave in Sweden. The study is located within the Swedish gender regime, characterised by its dual-earner/dual-carer model, progressive parenthood and daddy politics, and universally-oriented parenting support, making it a relatively gender-equal and father-friendly society.Theoretically and methodologically, the thesis draws on a feminist perspective. It uses ‘doing gender’ theory, and is informed by critical realism. The material is based on 25 observations at two fathering spaces, seven semi-structured interviews with fathers, and six policy documents on parenting support. Qualitative content analysis is used to analyse the material.The findings show: first, meeting places for fathers on parental leave can be understood as fathering spaces. Second, these fathering spaces are child-oriented settings and constitute somewhat of an exception within gender-neutral gender regimes. Third, fathering spaces function as transitional sites in which fathers manage different aspects of responsibility and relations to their own selves, to children, to mothers, and to other fathers. Fourth, three approaches to separate organising of men as fathers are identified: a) anti-separate; b) pro-separate; and c) gender paradoxical. The identified arguments for separate organising can be located along two parallel continua: one that stretches from individual to collective argumentation, and another that stretches from general to gender-specific argumentation.The thesis contributes to research on childcare and masculinities, and fathers’ experiences of parental leave, and to knowledge about separate organising of men as fathers. It also contributes to research and policy debates on daddy politics and parenting support by critically discussing fathering in terms of autonomy, dependence, and masculinity politics.
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| 4. |
- Hearn, Jeff, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Age-Gender Relations in the Academic Profession : Putting the Challenges of Early Career Academics into Context
- 2019
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Ingår i: Gender, Age and Inequality in the Professions. - New York : Routledge. - 9780815358572 - 9781351052467 ; , s. 193-212
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter focuses on academic professions. Some initial clarifications are made between the academic profession (as a whole), and specific disciplinary professions. Different combinations of such professions are found in different organizations, such as universities and research institutes. We move on to examine the gendered, aged and age-gendered features of these academic professions, including vertical and horizontal divisions. A particular important aspect is the long time span of entry and early career, and increasingly the lack of permanent professional positions. This can mean that even very well established academics and researchers remain on temporary contracts all their working life, or only gain a permanent position late in their career. In many countries, especially in Europe, there is increased awareness and policy development focusing on the entry level in academic careers, including the doctoral and postdoctoral levels. This applies both at a general level and in terms of gendered dimensions. We discuss early career experiences, empirical studies of early careers in academia, and key policy developments, and how these add to the study of gender, power and professions more generally at a time of their reconfiguration in many arenas.
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| 6. |
- Hearn, Jeff, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Gender equality
- 2016. - 1
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Ingår i: The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies<em></em>. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 9781405196949
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gender equality can be understood as part of the long-term historical struggles for equality and democracy. In this process, gender equality interventions are important tools in enhancing women's rights and participation, yet this striving for greater gender equality is by no means unproblematic, for example, as demonstrated by LGBTQI+ movements. There are many arguments for gender equality – feminist transformation, gender justice, gender difference, realization of individual and collective potential, and its fuller use – and many ways of framing gender equality. Within liberal feminism, gender equality involves realizing the potential of women and men equally within the current gender order. In gender-resistance feminism, the gender order cannot be made equal through gender balance, as men's dominance is too strong. Rebellion feminists seek to take apart the gendered social order by multiplying genders or doing away with them. Gender policy operates differentially at organizational and occupational levels, and in public and private sectors, with extremely variable historical contexts. Major supranational bodies, such as the United Nations, the European Union, and the Council of Europe, have been prominent in promotion of gender equality. Various critiques of gender equality are outlined. Future challenges facing gender equality and gender equality policy are noted.
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| 7. |
- Hearn, Jeff, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Interrogating violence against women and state violence policy : Gendered intersectionalities and the quality of policy in The Netherlands, Sweden and the UK
- 2016
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Ingår i: Current Sociology. - London : Sage Publications. - 0011-3921 .- 1461-7064. ; 64:4, s. 551-567
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article builds on feminist scholarship on intersectionality to address violence against women, and state policy thereon. It takes up the challenge of analysing the complex, situated and spatial relationship between theorizing on violence against women and state policy on such violence. Drawing on extensive comparative European data, it explores the relations of gender and intersectionality, conceptualized as gendered intersectionalities, by examining how multiple inequalities are made visible and invisible in state policy and debates in the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK. Attention is paid to different forms of gendered intersectionalities in policy, for example, tendencies to degender violence against women. A key aim of the article is to investigate how comparative analysis can be a starting point for assessing if, how and to what extent the inclusion of multiple inequalities could increase the quality of policy, for both reducing and stopping violence, and assisting those subject to violence.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Husu, Liisa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Gender challenges in research funding : Nordic and European perspectives
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Academic careers continue to be gendered, in the Nordic region, Europe and globally. Access to research funding is one of the keys to success in academic careers, providing essential support for research development and publishing. Success in the competition for external research funding is currently used as one measure of scientific excellence at both individual and institutional levels. International research on the allocation of research funding and gender has not demonstrated a systematic gender bias in men’s favour, but has produced rather contradictory results on different funding systems and instruments. However, excellence-marked funding has been shown to be especially gender biased. In external competitive funding the national research funding agencies play an important role. In Europe, the research funding organisations in the Nordic countries, especially Sweden and Norway, have been among the most pro-active in engaging with gender (in)equalities in the funding systems throughout the 2000s (see, e.g., EC 2009). On the basis of ongoing and recent Nordic and European research projects the authors are engaged with (including a gender equality review of the Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Science [Riksbankens Jubileumsfond] grant allocation processes, and a new four-year H2020 project GRANTeD), and recent policy initiatives, the presentation discusses gender challenges in research funding dynamics. These have been identified across the funding process and cycle, in: patterns of application behaviour, peer review, evaluation criteria and procedures, excellence initiatives, policies and practices of funding bodies, access to data by gender, decision-making, and the very allocation of funding. Until recently, how gender and other key power axes may intersect in the funding cycle is relatively rarely addressed in policy and monitoring in this arena, with the intersection of age and gender perhaps as an exception in this respect.
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| 10. |
- Husu, Liisa, 1953-
(författare)
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Gender challenges in research funding
- 2019
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Ingår i: Global Dialogue. - Madrid : Centre for World Dialogue. - 2519-8688. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
- Husu, Liisa, 1953-
(författare)
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Gender equality in Nordic academia : advances and challenges
- 2019
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Ingår i: RODNA RAVNOPRAVNOST U VISOKOM OBRAZOVANJU. - Novi Sad, Serbia : Akademska knjiga. - 9788662632791 ; , s. 63-73
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The five Nordic countries – Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden – are considered high achievers in global comparisons of overall gender equality of society (World Economic Forum, 2017a). Political will in the region to advance gender equality in academia is high. Gender equality promotion in higher education, academia, and research has been on the national policy agendas for four decades, since the late 1970s and early 1980s, through various national level interventions and measures, especially so in Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Gender equality is addressed in the university legislation in Norway and Sweden, and in Finland the Gender Equality and Anti-Discrimination legislation especially gives educational institutions a duty to promote equality and prevent discrimination. Universities in Finland, Norway, and Sweden have for decades been legally obliged to engage in equality planning. These three countries also show the highest proportion of women on scientific boards in the European Union, approaching gender parity, and the highest proportion of women among university Vice-Chancellors in the EU. Despite this, unequal gendered structures in academic careers and gender segregation of disciplinary fields prevail. Taking the proportion of women among full professors as one indicator of gender equality in academia, the Nordic region does not excel in a European comparison, neither in the share of women in the professoriate, nor the pace of diminishing the gender gap among professors. This article interrogates the Nordic paradox of high overall gender equality in society, political will, and active policy regulation to advance gender equality in academia and science, on the one hand, and the unequal gendered structures in academic careers and inequalities in resource allocation, including research funding, on the other. Some differences and similarities between the five Nordic countries will be highlighted and discussed, along with historical developments, policy landscapes, and continuing resistances to advancement of gender equality, both within and outside academia.
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| 12. |
- Husu, Liisa, 1953-
(författare)
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Interrogating Science Policy in a Pro Gender Equality Setting : The Case of Sweden
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper interrogates science policy-making through a gender lens in a country setting that strongly promotes gender equality as a societal value and as an explicit policy goal. The paper asks: can something be learnt from this kind of a setting to benefit the implementation of the targets of the UN Sustainable Development Goals? Swedish society has among the smallest societal gender gaps in global comparison. With its long term history of gender equality policy and actions, and the current social democratic-green coalition government declaring itself as a “feminist government”, it provides an interesting societal setting for this kind of exercise. Gender mainstreaming the activities of public authorities is a strong policy line, including, among others, public research funding and innovation agencies, and recently universities. The paper addresses the question in what ways are gender dimensions integrated in Swedish contemporary science policy. How are problems in this arena articulated, defined, and contested? How are gender dimensions taken into account in the governance and steering of science, in science policy strategies, and in the activities of different key stakeholders and inter-organisational activities? How does international collaboration, specifically within EU and the Nordic region, reflect on how gender dimensions are taken into account in the Swedish science policy landscape? What kind of dilemmas and contradictions can be identified? The empirical material consists mainly of science policy documents, and is supported by material generated through participant observation in some science policy arenas, such as research funding agencies and governmental advisory committees, as well as media coverage. An emerging issue in gendering of science policy-making that is of high relevance to the SDGs is highlighting the gender dimension of research content in funding of research, in addition to the gender distribution of scientific labour force and among gatekeepers and decision-makers in science.
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| 13. |
- Husu, Liisa, 1953-
(författare)
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Nordic Countries and the Nordic Region : Gender Research and Gender Studies in Northern Europe
- 2018
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Ingår i: Handbuch Interdisziplinäre Geschlechterforschung. - Wiesbaden : Springer Nature. - 9783658125004
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Globally, the five countries of the Nordic region – Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden – are known to be among the most gender equal societies. However, gender segregation in labour market and education are persistent, and gender inequalities in academia and research show many patterns similar to elsewhere. Noteworthy for the region is a long tradition of Nordic regional collaboration through inter-governmental and inter-parliamentary organisations, as well as in research and non-governmental organisations; this has had a significant impact on the development of gender equality, gender research and Gender Studies on both regional and national levels.
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