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- Hellström-Westas, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Short term effects of incubator covers on quiet sleep in stable premature infants
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 90:9, s. 1004-1008
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Incubator covers are increasingly being used in neonatal care as part of minimal disturbance strategies. The aim of this study was to examine possible effects of incubator covers on sleep patterns in stable premature infants. Quiet sleep (QS) can be investigated by amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) at 32–34 weeks gestational age. In nine premature infants (gestational ages 26–32 weeks, median 29) QS periods were measured at a postconceptional age of 32–34 weeks (median 34) during two consecutive 24 h periods, one period with a padded dark cover over the incubator and one period without the cover, in a randomized order. There were no significant differences between the two 24 h periods (with incubator cover and without cover, respectively) regarding the duration of the QS periods, the percentage of QS of the total recording time (% QS) or the duration of QS intervals. However, there was a positive correlation between postnatal age in days and the mean duration of QS periods when incubator covers were used (r = 0.90, p = 0.001). When the covers were used there was a difference between the girls and the boys in the duration of QS intervals (p = 0.032); the QS intervals increased in the five girls from median (range) 63.2 (49.4–94.6) min to 77.2 (59.3–100.9) min (p = 0.043). There was no difference in the duration of QS periods between girls and boys. Conclusion: Incubator covers seem to have some short-term effects on sleep quality in premature infants but the clinical significance and possible long-term effects are not known.
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- Isaksson, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Calculations of the deposition of 137Cs from nuclear bomb tests and from the Chernobyl accident over the province of Skane in the southern part of Sweden based on precipitation
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 0265-931X .- 1879-1700. ; 49, s. 97-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The deposition of 137Cs over the province of Skane (an area of about 100x100km2) in the southern part of Sweden has been investigated. The origin of the deposition of 137Cs is, in about equal parts, from nuclear weapons tests and from the Chernobyl nuclear accident and amounts to about 1-3kBq/m2. The activity concentrations of 134Cs and 137Cs in soil samples from 16 sites distributed in a grid pattern over the investigated area have been measured and the depositions from the nuclear weapons tests and from the Chernobyl accident have been separated. These pre- and post-Chernobyl activities have been compared with depositions calculated from measurements of the activity concentrations of 134Cs and 137Cs in precipitation at two places and from measurements of the precipitation from a network of between 113 and 143 precipitation stations. Comparisons with in situ measurements and with aerial survey measurements have also been made. The agreement is good gain and it has been possible to gain a good and detailed knowledge in retrospect of the deposition from measurements of the deposition per mm of precipitation from just a few stations, and of the precipitation from a network of stations. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
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- Tegnell, Anders, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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A clone of coagulase-negative staphylococci among patients with post-cardiac surgery infections
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Hospital Infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 0195-6701 .- 1532-2939. ; 52:1, s. 37-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are important causes of hospital-acquired infections such as infections after cardiac surgery. Efforts to reduce these infections are hampered by the lack of knowledge concerning the epidemiology of CoNS in this setting. Forty strains of CoNS collected during the surgical revision of 27 patients operated on between 1997 and 2000 were analysed. Strains were also collected from the ambient air in the operating suite. Their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) characteristics and antibiotic resistance were analysed. Using PFGE 19 of 40 strains from 15 of 27 patients were shown to belong to one clone, and strains from this clone were also isolated from the ambient air. This clone had caused infections throughout the period. Antibiotic resistance did not correlate with PFGE patterns. Using PFGE one clone could be identified that caused 56% of the CoNS infections during this period. A strain from this clone was also found in the air of the operating suite suggesting the origin of the CoNS causing infections was the hospital environment.
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- Tegnell, Anders, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the appearance and treatment of deep sternal infections
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Hospital Infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 0195-6701 .- 1532-2939. ; 50:4, s. 298-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery at the University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden, has actively followed up infectious complications of cardiac surgery since 1989. The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes occurred during the 1990s in the appearance and the management of deep infections. This was done by studying patients undergoing surgical revision of infected wounds. We studied 42 patients during 1990–94 and 49 during 1997–98 (total number of operations in these periods, 3075 and 1646, respectively). Pre-operative and intra-operative variables were recorded for the two patient populations. The proportion of cardiac surgery procedures followed by a surgical revision for an infection in the sternal wound increased between the two periods (1.4% vs. 3.0%). Variables associated with the surgical procedures preceding the infection remained unchanged. In the later period, treatment was started earlier (64 vs. 24 days), and the length of antibiotic treatment was decreased (115 vs. 72 days). The incidence of osteomyelitis of the sternal bone was lower (61% vs. 27%). It appears that as the proportion of patients undergoing surgical revision increased, management of the infections became more effective, with aggressive surgical and antibiotic treatment policies and shorter treatment periods. This indicates that in order to evaluate the overall impact of measures designed to reduce infections after cardiac surgery, not only the incidence of infection needs to be followed up but other factors also need to be taken into account.
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