| 1. |
- Abukhader, Sajed, et al.
(författare)
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E-commerce and the environment: A gateway to the renewal of greening supply chains
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Management. - 0267-5730. ; 28:2, s. 274-288
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electronic commerce is expected to influence a wide range of supply chain systems and thus lead to unidentified environmental impacts. Current studies discussing the impacts have the problem common in that they arrive either at conflicting or un-generalisable results. This article addresses the issue of methodology and proposes an assessment model for the resolution of this problem. Some important implications of this novel model for supply chain management are presented. This article shows that the subject of “Greening supply chains” is in need of a new focus and direction in research which involves building a new set of constructs for decision-making. Several benefits of this are addressed. Research in this subject is somewhat stagnating nowadays; it lacks specific research themes that are necessary for the integration of the available knowledge. Our model, proposed in this paper, represents a meeting point of the need of renewal of this subject, and the need to evaluate large-scale issues such as electronic commerce.
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| 2. |
- Abukhader, Sajed, et al.
(författare)
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Horizontal Environmental Assessment of Postponement Strategy – A Delphi-based Investigation
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Management Science and Engineering Management. - 1750-9653. ; 6:5, s. 382-392
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is based on the findings of a research work by Abukhader and Jönson (2004a), who discuss the possibilities and limitations of the ties of postponement strategy in food supply chains. They identified the cases/examples (i.e. company cases) of application of postponement across the various categories of foods: frozen, chilled/fresh and long shelf life. The food industry nowadays is in need for innovative solutions measures as it proceeds into a future full of speculations, pressures and tight margins (Lagneik et al., 2003). Embracing postponement in those cases (with any of its several! forms) is referred to various reasons such as better management. cost-efficiency, private labelling, etc., but observably excluding the environmental reasons. Confusion. though, upon an argument on the correlation between cost-efficiency and reduction of environmental burden brings another point of interest in this respect. One may argue that all postponement cases identified anyway represent cost-efficiency situations, while the rest of non-postponement does not find postponement as a cost-efficient method to them. As such, being cost-efficient means mutually environmentally better (less environmental loads). Such an argument is in fact inaccurate; the following is an explanation. This argument, basically, carries two points. The first has to do with the cost being the reason behind taking a postponement decision, and this is in fact not an accurate analysis. This is because: • It is not always that cost efficiency is the reason; there can be other forces or needs behind adopting postponement, for instance: a situation of limited production capacity, or willing to outsource packaging operation due to limited capital’ investment costs. etc. • In some instances, the cost issue remains one of the things to minimise after choosing postponement for a reason such as introducing a new product (different in form or contents), or making private labels, etc. • In some other situations such as choosing ‘production to order’ (one form of postponement), the reason might be demand invisibility; it cannot be taken simply as a cost efficiency problem (lost costs of unsold items)but as a production planning problem. The problem of lost costs of unsold items is direct in a Situation where it is a traditional economy of scale production form and the company is realising after a while that there still is an un-recovered burden of unsold items at the ends of the supply chain. Rewarding to recall here is that for using postponement there are forces, enablers and factors that are related to product, process, production. and market characteristics as summarised in Abukhader and Jönson (2004a). The second point has to do with the relationship of costs with environmental loads. Assuming a linear correlation between them is not accurate or even is not correct. This is because: • Improving cost efficiency does not necessarily mean or lead to reducing environmental loads, but might sometimes not affect the environmental loads or might in some instances even increase the loads. For example, we may change facility locations to lower the costs (ex. with cheaper labour costs) but this does not mean a reduction in environmental loads. In general, abatement works for reducing emissions often burden the budget. reducing environmental loads, but may on the other hand incur loads due to an added freezing process or keeping aseptic conditions), and • Even if cost efficiency happens to lead to reduction of total environmental loads, this can be only at a “process/operations” level and not the whole supply chain (considering all the related processes/operations in delivering the product of concern). If we say that the producer finds delaying packing works (in time or location) more cost efficient, this might be true at the level of analysis of production process only and might be compensated with added loads somewhere else in the supply chain at the warehousing point, or transportation process or at the retailing point etc. The purpose of this paper is to test the possibility if arriving at an environmental perspective of postponement, demarcated to the food industry, through looking at those identified cases/examples, The aim is to arrive at an “environmental judgment” in total on the cases if they indicate altogether a tendency towards “environmental gain” or “environmental loss”, in other words, towards sustainable development or the inverse. Building such a perspective can provide an integrative support to the future decision making of the food industry on expanding or declining the use of postponement. Yet, this paper does not provide a clear picture of ‘postponement & environment’ issue but in fact represents a pilot work calling for further investigations and development.
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| 3. |
- Abukhader, Sajed, et al.
(författare)
-
Logistics and the environment: Is it an established subject?
- 2004
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Logistics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1367-5567. ; 7:2, s. 137-149
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The issue of environmental implications of logistics systems is one of the future challenges to logisticians. The purpose of this paper is to explore the logistics and supply chain management discipline to see how the scientific community handles this challenge. Observations in the primary literature revealed that there are weak ties between the logistics/SCM discipline and the environmental discipline. Our analysis indicated that the literature seems to be unbalanced: knowledge about assessing ‘impact of logistics on environment’ is missing, and most emphasis is on ‘impact of environment on logistics.’ Knowledge about implementation comes mainly within reverse logistics literature, which has been described by scholars as exploratory and anecdotal. When comparing the subject ‘log/SC & environ’ with other subjects in the logistics literature, less attention has been paid to ‘log/SC & environ’. Moreover, almost half the articles on ‘log/SC & environ’ are published outside the primary logistics-related journals.
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| 4. |
- Abukhader, Sajed, et al.
(författare)
-
Postponement strategy in food supply chains – an empirical investigation
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management. ; 3:2, s. 215-234
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relevancy/feasibility of the postponement strategy in food supply chains. The paper also aims at discussing the windows of opportunities for the growth of use of postponement by identifying the factors/drivers/enablers in the adoption of this strategy. It is out of the scope of this paper to survey a specific market/country, or answer how much or how many; it only captures as many cases as possible and build a categorised picture of postponement against the various food commodities by using semi-structured interviews. Our research results show that food postponement is a relevant strategy across the different types of food commodities/categories (frozen, hilled/fresh and long shelf life). Moreover, the results also show that this is not limited to one form of postponement as one may expect (such as logistics postponement or repacking display packs for instance), but is in fact related to the various forms of postponement.
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| 5. |
- Abukhader, Sajed, et al.
(författare)
-
The Environmental Implications of Electronic Commerce - A Critical Review and Framework for Future Investigation
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Management of Environmental Quality. - 1477-7835. ; 14:4, s. 460-476
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are accelerating trends for the implementation of electronic commerce(e-commerce) as an extra marketing channel for selling products globally via the access of the Internet. This is expected to in¯uence the shape of future cities and the conservation of natural resources. This paper critically reviews the current research work to date regarding the environmental implications of e-commerce. The main observation is that there are dif®culties to generalise the results. There is a general agreement that it is highly dif®cult, if not impossible, to state if the damaging effects of e-commerce on the environment can weigh over the advantageous effects or the contrary. One proposition in this context is that instead of looking at e-commerce as ªa vehicle driving towards freely satisfying the market needsº, we should look at e-commerce as ªa cart attached to our vehicle towards sustainable developmentº.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Incorporation of environmental aspects in transport purchasing
- 2000
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spite of the fact that transport is the fastest growing sector relevant to the environment and that there is an awareness in society of the environmental problems caused by transportation, there are still few methods addressing the problem. In this article research with a case study approach is presented. The research has resulted in a framework model consisting of two tools and a work process. The first tool makes it possible to assess environmental performance, while the second tool provides a method for assessing environmental aspects of a specific transport relation. The model makes it possible to identify the resource efficiency and effectiveness in a transport system.
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| 8. |
- Bramklev, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
-
Concurrent Design of Product and Package - Extending the Concept of IPD
- 2001
-
Ingår i: [Host publication title missing].
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a result of the globalisation of the world economy, many enterprises that previously confined their business activities to national markets are now focusing on broader international markets, thus forming the basis for the establishment of global enterprises. In addition to the extension of markets, these global companies also seek cost reductions through scale economics in logistics, marketing, product development, production and purchasing, and through focused manufacturing and/or assembly operations - Christopher [5], Porter [10]. In order to contribute to the establishment of global enterprises, an interdisciplinary research project has been launched at the Department of Design Sciences, Lund University, Sweden, as a collaborative effort between two of its divisions Machine Design and Packaging Logistics. The overall objective established for the project is to: facilitate the establishment of successful global enterprises by providing methods, techniques and an overall procedure model for integrating packaging logistics into the product development process.” By extending the concept of Integrated Product Development (IPD) to include the concurrent design of product and packaging, increased efficiency and effectiveness in the product development process are conceivable. Apart from the apparent advantage of reducing the time to market, environmental impacts in terms of a reduction in the consumption of raw materials due to the possibility of facilitating a “tailor-made” packaging of the product are also conceivable. As a result of the development of more efficient and effective packaging of the products, a reduction in emissions from the distribution of the products is also expected. For the development of the product-to-be, the packaging might provide alternative, less costly, solutions; this especially applies to those products, which have to withstand major structural loads during the distribution phase of the product life cycle. The overall concept of integrating relevant activities from the packaging logistics area into the IPD process has been introduced in a previous paper - see Bjärnemo et al [1]. In the paper presented here, the main objective is to:” establish the industrial relevance of introducing the concurrent design of product and packaging thus supporting or rejecting the key element in the previously developed integration concept.” The secondary objective is to: “obtain more detailed information on the actual handling of the interaction between product and packaging design in industry.” The latter information is intended to be used either for the further development of extended IPD concept or for providing a more detailed view why the integration concept has to be reacted. In order to obtain the information requested, an explorative survey has been performed in Swedish industry. The findings from this survey and its implications, as outlined above, are reported here
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| 9. |
- Bramklev, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
-
Increasing competitiveness through concurrent development of product and packaging
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the TMCE 2004. ; , s. 855-868
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extending the product development process to also include the concurrent design of product and packaging is expected to increase efficiency and effectiveness in the development process. Apart from the obvious advantage of reducing the lead times of the development project, improving environmental impact by reducing the consumption of raw material due to the possibility of facilitating a "tailor made" packaging of the product is also anticipated. For the development of the product-to-be, the packaging might provide alternative, less costly, solutions. The main objective is to establish the actual interest in or need for introducing concurrent development of product and package in the product development process. In this paper the findings from a literature review and two surveys are reported. The surveys are performed in 40 Swedish companies, half of them in the food industry and the other half in the pharmaceutical industry. From an overall perspective of competitiveness, the findings demonstrate not only the relevance of introducing concurrent development of product and packaging in the product development process, but also that this introduction should be based on the concept of integration.
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| 10. |
- Bramklev, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards an Integrated Design of Product and Packaging
- 2005
-
Ingår i: [Host publication title missing].
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The globalization of the world economy has forced many enterprises to merge and/or to acquire enterprises worldwide. in the next phase of this development, rationalization calls for specialization of functions such as product development and production in one or a few sites, if not being outsourced to external suppliers. These new divisions of the “virtual” enterprise have to collaborate within internal and external networks, where efficient and effective transportation, handling and storing of intermediary and final products is a must. In order to obtain this objective, an integration concept of the design of product and packaging has been proposed by Bjärnemo et al. [ 1]. The acceptance of the need for such a concept in industry has been established by Bramkiev [2]. In this paper an industrially implementable, integrated procedure model for the concurrent design of product and packaging, confined to the product area of mechanical engineering, is presented.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Dominic, Chris
(författare)
-
Packaging Logistics Performance
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Today’s trends are the ever growing competition with increased globalization and sustainability. Together with ongoing technological developments and the demand for right quality of products and services, this has also resulted in increased demands for legislation and traceability. This development has also had an impact on packaging and Packaging Logistics. This thesis deals with packaging, logistics and performance when packaging interacts with users and seeks to find answers to the research question: How can a systematic and holistic approach to packaging increase the logistics performance to create efficiency and effectiveness? The purpose of this work is to increase knowledge regarding packaging and its interacting role with agents in the Supply-Demand Chain in order to improve, and to increase knowledge in the area of Packaging Logistics Performance. Performance in Packaging Logistics is about doing the right thing and doing things right, as well as position products and services relative to its competitor. A model has been created to increase knowledge of Packaging Logistics Performance, which covers interaction between the packaging system and its users. This model also includes the tool 'Packaging Scorecard' that measures Packaging Logistics Performance and shows the packaging related deficiencies that exist in various levels of the Supply-Demand Chain. Furthermore, the tool has been developed to enable efficient product development. The developed model will provide support for the development of packaging strategies to change existing systems or develop new systems. The strategies also take into account the agents involved by demonstrating the requirements on the packaging and how small changes in the packaging system may contribute to a significant improvement in the Supply-Demand Chain. New functions and roles for companies operating in the various logistics processes were identified. The research has for example identified a new type of service, the Network Integrator. This function was also identified in the packaging area and this agent was named the Packaging Integrator. To increase understanding of the Supply-Demand Chain, the tool CATWOE (Customer, Agents, Transformation processes, World view, Owners and Environment) was applied. This tool was further developed to adapt Packaging Logistics Performance and complexity theory. The general methodology for this thesis was action-based research and case studies. The developed model illustrates packaging systems and how they perform in order to create conditions for better and more efficient performance. Further the thesis explores and presents ways to improve performance and integration. The theoretical contribution is to demonstrate a knowledge of packaging systems, and an understanding the interactive roles and existing requirements in the Supply-Demand Chain. Practical contributions are the valuable empirical knowledge and increased understanding of packaging requirements and their interactions with agent to create conditions for effectiveness, efficiency and differentiation.
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| 13. |
- Dominic, Chris, 1968-
(författare)
-
Packaging Networks : a framework for integrating packaging suppliers in the demand chain
- 2006
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ability to understand packaging and how it contributes to the establishment of efficient logistics and the creation of individualised values for consumers is becoming increasingly important. This licentiate thesis stresses the importance of applying a holistic view of packaging in order to be able to understand how to adapt the distribution channel to meet consumer demands. The study focuses on the packaging, the suppliers of packaging and their current relations to the actors in the distribution channel, and how they can develop to play active roles in logistics. The objective of this work has been to explore the potentials for packaging suppliers to work as Network Integrators to increase efficiency and in at the same time contribute knowledge in logistics that will help to bridge gaps in packaging and logistics theory.The research has involved qualitative case studies of packaging and packaging suppliers. The field of logistics is developing rapidly. To examine this in depth, benchmarking studies were carried out, and the way in which this new knowledge can be applied in the packaging industry is discussed. The conclusion of this thesis is that there are gaps in the theory, and this work presents framework to strengthen the packaging and logistics theory. Further this work has identified the Network Integrator, an actor who can play a significant role to create efficiency in logistics.
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| 14. |
-
Forests and mankind: the relationship must be made sustainable
- 2015
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Aside from the oceans, the world’s forests constitute the most vital element in maintaining a climate which sustains life on Earth. The forests supply all living creatures with the basic elements essential for our survival. In this volume, experts, scientists and scholars from a wide range of disciplines set out to discuss a broad range of aspects concerning humans’ relationship to forests. What do forests mean to us? Are we destroying them? And what can we do to achieve a healthy relationship between forests and mankind? In order for this relationship to become sustainable—and we claim it must be made so—all stakeholders in politics, industry and science must work together. With this anthology, we make a call for cooperation in sustainable policies towards a sustainable society.
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| 15. |
- Gustafsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Packaging logistics and retailers´ profitability: an IKEA case study
- 2005
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many businesses still put too much focus on manufacturing, marketing and sales without considering the inter-linkages amongst these elements. This paper shows the importance of including packaging logistics and supply chain management in strategic planning. By integrating these aspects, retailers and suppliers may reduce costs, environmental impact and increase profits. A case study at IKEA is used in the paper to demonstrate the issues. The importance of cooperation across the supply chain is identified as a key factor. Another conclusion is that even minor changes may result in big benefits since the scale of operation is so large.
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| 16. |
- Gustafsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Plastic Trays in Retailing: The Challenge of Implementing Change in Packaging Logistics
- 2005
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Packaging logistics is fundamental to the success of retail supply chains. Implementing systemwide change in this field is however complex. This paper introduces packaging logistics in retail supply chains and compares and contrasts the change processes in the introduction of plastic trays to retail food systems in the UK and Sweden.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Hasse, et al.
(författare)
-
Dagens innovationer kräver mer än en ensam uppfinnare
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Dagens Industri. - 0346-640X. ; , s. 4-4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- För att åstadkomma innovationer och tillväxt krävs samverkan och utbyte på alla nivåer, mellan individer på företag och akademiska institutioner. Nya produkter och tjänster kräver risktagande och uthållighet.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Jönson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
-
En logisk värld
- 2009
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 21. |
- Jönson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
-
How many times can the forest fibre be recycled?
- 2000
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Market forces and legislation push the recovery of used material as part of developing a sustainable society. Materials made of forest fibres have the advantage compared to other materials that they are easy to recycle. It saves resources. Production of paper based on used fibres uses also less energy than paper containing new fibres. The market focus on recovery makes it a reasonable assumption, that fibres of varying age will circulate in the forest fibre system. It is also reasonable to assume that the properties of the raw material are not constant using these fibres. Instead the fibre properties are influenced by their previous history. Any fibre mix has therefore to be evaluated before used in new paper, where the requirements of small variations in paper properties are great. Literature studies have concluded that the knowledge about the fibre age is very limited as well as the yield function depending on age distribution of fibres. Still it is often claimed that a forest fibre can be recycled six times before loosing its performance properties. In a new study different yield scenarios have been analysed. Actual data from paper manufacturing mills have also been studied. The conclusion drawn from the study is that the likelihood a forest fibre is recycled six times is not great. More likely, the forest fibres will be recycled two to three times.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Jönson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Packaging Technology for the Logistician, 3rd edition
- 2006
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Most people recognize packaging as necessary with respect to its protective functions, but some doubt that the packaging industry is providing solutions that are good from a socioeconomic/ecological point of view. Packages influences lifestyles as well as the standard of living and people’s behavior, and therefore must be considered in areas of behavioral science and communication. The central role packaging plays in all parts of society makes it important not to look at packaging as part of one discipline, but apply a systems view and recognize it as interdisciplinary, thus requiring knowledge in many areas. Packaging development requires teamwork. This book is prepared to facilitate greater understanding of packaging for the logistician and ensure that packaging development will contribute to efficient logistics development.
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| 24. |
- Jönson, Gunilla
(författare)
-
The Integrated Export Packaging Information Kit, Packaging Material Profile, Paper and Board
- 2002
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Packaging materials profile of paper and board, prepared as part of PACkit, an integrated export packaging information kit, aimed at small and medium enterprises in developing countries - reviews consumption, production and international trade of paper and board used for packaging; provides detailed description and characteristics of paper and board; gives information on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) procedures, European legislation on food packaging, packaging procurement, ecological and ISO standards, other quality related environmental issues; describes applications and forms of packaging; discusses paper and board packaging reduction, recycling and disposal issues,; offers recommendations on packaging design; Annexes include recommended readings list, trade press and trade fairs, glossary of technical terms.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Klevås, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
A Packaging Redesign Project at IKEA
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Nordic case reader in Logistics and Supply Chain Management. - 9788776741358
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IKEA is a product developing company, known for putting packaging and logistics issues at the top of its agenda. At IKEA, the product and the packaging are developed concurrently with the aim of lowering the total cost from the supplier to the customer. During the years 2002 to 2004, a pckaging redesign project was conducted at IKEA. The purpose of the project was to redesign the packaging for an existing product in order to minimize empty space. Very early on, it was evident that the suggested new packaging solution required a product redesign along with new manufacturing and packaging equipment. The product, tealights, was a complicated product due to safety regulations, standard sizes, etc. The project group not only had to involve different functions within IKEA but also had to convince a tealight manufacturer to collaborate. The results of the project had great implications for the logistics activities in the supply chain and affected all supply chain actors in many ways. The case is a good example of the interdisciplinary nature of packaging and its relations with product design and logistics activities.
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| 27. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
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Defining a strategy of integration of packaging development into product development
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design - ICED'07. - 1904670024 ; DS 42
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1 INTRODUCTION In a global and highly competitive economy, companies have now adopted an increasingly integrated ap-proach to product development. However, packaging logistics has been left out from this integration trend. The reasons are multiple: first packaging is not considered to be an integral part of the product, so it is not part of the product “culture” of the company. In most companies, packaging is considered only at the production phase or as a logistic matter. Secondly, and as importantly, there are multiple ways of inte-grating packaging into product development – and packaging development is often performed by several external suppliers – but no general decision-making supports are available to develop a thorough policy in favour of this integration [1]. 2 OBJECTIVE This paper presents a support for guiding the strategic activity of integrating packaging development into product development. It consists on a set of factors that will help the manager chosing among, and build-ing on, a set of 4 types of strategies. 3 METHODS First the concept of integration is defined, the packaging issues at a strategic level are developed and the major strategy definition types from the literature are described. The types of strategies presented in the support have been extracted from the literature and cases from a survey by [2]. The factors have been de-termined by a systemic approach and their search has been performed using a functional analysis method-ology and a technical packaging literature review (presented in [1). The factors’ influence levels have been determined by a set of criteria (Impact on amount of work for design development, impact on amount of work for manufacturing development, manufacturing investment, consequence if the factor has not been taken into account). 4 RESULTS As a support for integrating packaging development into product development. The manager has at dis-posal the description of 4 possible strategies integrating packaging development into product development and a set of packaging-specific factors to help him or her in making a more informed choice. The first step is merely to appropriate the different strategy models that can be as much scenarios or sources of inspira-tion the company could adapt. The factors are of 4 types: 1. the functions the product has to fulfil that can be implemented into either the product or the packaging; 2. likewise, a set of working principles types (or modes of operation) corresponding to the functions is defined, 3. the product physical properties and elements that refer to the functions and modes of operations (these factors are thus interrelated and mapped to each other); 4. the product family elements concern the whole family of a product. A level of influence has been also affected to each factor: direct influence (DI); potential influence (PI): the factor can be important for some types of products; minor influence (MI): except for some exceptions, the factor will not influence the degree of integration of packaging development into product development. […] The 4 types of strategies are: 1. Total integration: packaging is considered as a part of a product, on the same level as any other part. 2. Extended enterprise: the product company chooses not to have packaging as one of its core competen-cies, but packaging development is still sufficiently intertwined with product development to need a strong, long-term partnership with the packaging company(ies). 3. Virtual enterprise: similar to the extended enterprise, the partnership concerns here only a peculiar pro-ject. 4. Supplier-buyer: the packaging is treated as a simple component of a product. 5 CONCLUSION Based on 4 integration strategy models and a guideline, this support should help strategy planners define their own integrated product development strategies. Further development should include an empirical database (of case studies for example) to guide further the manager in his/her choice. Instead of 4 sets of strategies, it could be possible to break down them into smaller components the manager could choose. This would make possible to model the strategy definition task as a classification or as a configuration design task, and apply the methods developed in knowledge-based system (see [3]). REFERENCES [1] Motte, D., Bramklev, C., Bjärnemo, R. A method for supporting the integration of packaging devel-opment into product development. In 14th CIRP International Conference on Life Cycle Engineering 2007 - LCE CIRP, Tokyo, 2007, 95-100 (Springer, London). [2] Bramklev, C. Concurrent Development of Product and Packaging. Licentiate Thesis, 2004 (Division of Packaging Logistics, Department of Design Sciences LTH, Lund University, Lund). [3] Schreiber, G. Knowledge engineering and management: the CommonKADS methodology, 2002 (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA).
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| 28. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of a method supporting the integration of packaging development into product development using an assessment framework for methodologies under development
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering - TMCE'18. - 9789461869104 ; , s. 471-486
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the evaluation of a method supporting the integration of packaging development into product development through the use of an assessment framework for methodologies under development. While the evaluation of the integration method itself is critical for its further development the main objective is to use this evaluation as a further testing of the assessment framework. The assessment framework has only been tested once in its current version and replications are needed. The results of the testing of the support method indicate that it has high consistency but should be further developed with regards to simplicity of use, and overall attractiveness. About the framework, only minor changes were needed to assess the support method. The testing also shows that the framework can also be used for the assessment of methods, not only methodologies.
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| 29. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
-
Modelling of the integration tasks of product and packaging development
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 29th NOFOMA Conference - NOFOMA'17. - 9789177533375 ; , s. 532-547
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThere is a growing demand for a concurrent development of product and packaging in order to better take into account the supply chain needs. Different tasks are required to integrate packaging and product development: 1) At the strategic level, it is necessary to define or refine an integrated development policy; 2) For each new development project, an adaptation of this policy must be undertaken; 3) Under the execution of each project, relevant decisions need to be made when a deviation from the development plan occurs. These integration tasks are knowledge-intensive and a rigorous modelling of these tasks would help the manager filtering and structuring the necessary knowledge and make more informed decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe integration tasks have been modelled with CommonKADS, a knowledge engineering methodology. It has contributed to clearly define which activities and which knowledge elements are necessary.FindingsThe tasks have been modelled and the necessary knowledge elements identified. Some elements are generic, while for some others the knowledge base need to be company-specific.Research implications and limitationsThe formal modelling makes it possible to develop support for these integration tasks (computer-based or not). The task models need however to be refined with empirical data. It is also necessary to assess empirically the acceptance of this approach by managers before it can be diffused in industry.Original/valueIntegration aspects in development are generally dealt with general process models. The proposed approach gives more guidance to the manager. The used formalism ensures the coherency of the modelled tasks.
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| 30. |
- Olsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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E-commerce effects on packaging logistics research
- 2001
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Ingår i: ISL Conference Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The new Department of Design Sciences was established as a result of the reorganisation of the Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University. The main ambition of this new department is to facilitate interdisciplinary scientific research and to support the development of new research areas, one of which is packaging logistics where the packaging perspective is used to evaluate and develop logistics. Consequently it includes the product, its package and packing operations as well as the physical distribution system and the information systems involved, throughout the whole logistic value chain, including the end user. With the Internet as one sales channel, the value chain will have to be modified and the role of the consumer will be different as compared to traditional sales channels. This paper will focus on the impacts of the Internet sales channel on the research discipline of packaging logistics, aiming at identifying the methodologies applicable in the area. It will also focus on the possibilities of developing theories and methodologies when a new perspective on logistics is adopted. The findings are based on a literature review in the field of e-commerce related to packaging logistics seen from a consumer perspective, yielding an inventory of research methodologies in these related fields. Conclusions are drawn about which of the methodologies used are applicable and the development of methodologies for future research in the new discipline of packaging logistics in an e-commerce context is elaborated on. In addition, the handling of problems derived from a consumer perspective and the possible activities caused by end-use demands are briefly elaborated upon. An account of the forthcoming projects in business-to-consumer e-commerce in relation to packaging logistics concludes the presentation.
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| 31. |
- Olsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Experiential learning in retrospect: a future organizational challenge?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Workplace Learning. - 1366-5626. ; 20:6, s. 431-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to describe a retrospective reflection over unconscious, emergent learning among employees of an organization and to suggest how to capture these moments of experiential learning for future organizational learning. Methodology - Action research in organizations is undertaken in interaction with the employees of the organization studied. The outcome is characterized by a deep understanding of the individuals as well as of the courses of events in the system. This paper therefore applies action research, focusing on the experiential learning from daily actions in the case organization at Volvo Cars’ production plant in Sweden. Findings – The conclusion is that an evolution toward a learning organization, as exemplified by the case studied, is not identified until after it actually happens, i.e. in retrospect. The competence build-up recognized in retrospect is suggested to become an integral part of future educational programs. The multidisciplinary competence established should also be considered when teams are set up for new projects. Practical Implications - Future strategies for capturing learning are provided and summarized to: structure the capturing of learning as it takes place in the daily operation; identify the individuals who initiate changes and let them act as learning ambassadors; integrate multidisciplinary competencies in the early stages of projects; facilitate multidisciplinary cooperation along organizational processes, within and between firms. Originality/value – The paper contributes with identification and reflection about emergent learning that takes place in daily work tasks and provides suggestions for future strategies of capturing these experiential learning occasions
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| 32. |
- Olsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Packaging demands in the food service industry
- 2004
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Ingår i: Food Service Technology. - : Wiley. - 1471-5740 .- 1471-5732. ; 4:3, s. 97-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European food service market was estimated, in 1999, to be worth US$293 billion with high profit margins and a growth rate of 2.75%. Future demand for value-added products and high levels of customization will stress the issue of keeping profit margins in the food service industry. Packaging is a critical issue, because it adheres to the product throughout the entire food service supply chain. Package design influences the efficiency of the entire chain in terms of functions, features, information and cost aspects. The purpose of this study was to explore the demands of value-added packaging in the food service sector and was carried out in the UK. The study shows that there are opportunities to improve packaging solutions to fit better with food service needs. The study also indicates a lack of understanding in the food service sector and that packages can actually add value to the products. Suggested opportunities in package development are presented.
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| 33. |
- Olsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Packaging development in a core production perspective - a case study at Volvo Cars
- 2008
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Ingår i: Conference proceedings POMS.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Business success is the result of focusing enhancement of the total performance of the supply network. While all products need packaging in different stages in the supply network, packaging producers deliver into a “core” network. Thus they are seldom an integrated actor of the core supply network. Consequently, the more the package and product development can be functionally combined, and integrated to the supply chain system, the greater the possibility of being competitive. This is accepted theoretically, however, industrial consequences are not yet highlighted since empirical knowledge about packaging effects on the entire production and supply network is limited.
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| 34. |
- Olsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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The evolution of the packaging logistics research area
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nofoma conference proceedings. ; 19, s. 843-861
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Logistics can be regarded as an established research area containing publications in renowned scientific journals and which covers several related fields. One of them, packaging logistics, is a relatively new research area, established at only a few universities and institutes. Consequently, the packaging logistics area is characterised by scattered theoretical frameworks and publications are scarce. Theory in packaging logistics is often delimited to packaging, focusing either on technological aspects e.g. packaging features, or on marketing aspects, e.g. branding. The holistic view of packaging logistics related to overall business systems is however, neither covered by researchers, nor included in related scientific journals. The aim of this paper is to describe the evolution of the packaging logistics research area based on an evolution model by Reid (1997). Based on that model the paper illustrates reasons for establishing the research area and further inspired the description of the present framework of packaging logistics ten years after its establishment at Lund University. The paper also specifies where current research is heading. The process used facilitates better understanding of the evolution of the research area, both in the local community and in the discipline. The research area develops from an interaction between the subjects of logistics and packaging, into the present cross-disciplinary research, integrating several theoretical fields. Intensified research and publication, although still inconsistent, indicate the increased awareness and dissemination of the research area. Finally, packaging logistics is proposed as being included as an integrated part in logistics research and practice.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Ringsberg, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Perspectives of food supply chain traceability
- 2010
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Ingår i: WCTR 2010 Conference Proceedings. ; , s. 1-26
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of this paper Several different perspectives exist on the importance of food supply chain traceability and why it is scientifically investigated. These include the assessment of food security and quality preservation, economic, logistic, supply chain management, and information technical. Because of this, the concept of food supply chain traceability is defined in many different ways, depending on the scientific area of the research perspective used for investigation. This makes the concept and the scientific value of food supply chain traceability sometimes hard to understand theoretically. Thus, it is of great importance to position the concept theoretically and in relation to other scientific research areas. The purpose of this paper is to examine how food supply chain traceability can be theoretically positioned in academic supply chain research. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on a literature review of definitions and perspectives of food supply traceability, and of the concepts and definitions used within the paradigm thinking found in relevant scientific articles and books. Findings: The results show that food supply chain traceability is pre-paradigm research and further suggests that it should be treated as a “physical representational space” in scientific theory. The results also verify that food supply chain traceability is a complex research field, which is studied by using several perspectives in different research areas, especially logistics. It is important to clarify the perspective that has been applied when making suggestions concerning logistics development. Research limitations/implications: The literature review only includes definitions and methods for positioning food supply chain traceability from a scientific theoretical perspective. The study excludes the concepts “track and trace”, “internal traceability” and “external traceability”, which are used in food supply chain management. Practical implications: The results of this paper are useful for practitioners as well as researchers since it addresses and aims to explain the concept of food supply chain traceability from a scientific perspective. This should influence future supply chain traceability setups. What is original/value of paper: The paper provides an extended understanding of food supply chain traceability in relation to scientific theory in a new unique way that can influence future research in and development of the area, particularly concerning societal perspectives.
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| 37. |
- Saghir, Mazen, et al.
(författare)
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Packaging handling evaluation methods in the grocery retail industry
- 2001
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Ingår i: Packaging Technology and Science. - : Wiley. - 0894-3214. ; 14:1, s. 21-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The grocery retail industry, with its large product volumes, low margins and fierce competition, is constantly seeking efficiency improvements in its supply chain. The grocery retail industry uses an immense amount of packaging and is directly affected by packaging logistics activities. There is, therefore, a potential for efficiency improvements in the grocery retail supply chain through the integration and development of new systems of packaging and logistics. Packaging handling is identified as one of the main activities that has a strong impact on the overall logistical cost of a grocery chain. This research article investigates packaging handling evaluation methods and discusses how these are employed to benefit the industry. Case studies, involving six major companies from the Swedish grocery retail industry, have been used to evaluate packaging and logistics activities. This work, together with a literature review, was used to identify the need for evaluative methods and the present availability of such methods. The results indicated a lack of sufficient and usable packaging handling evaluation methods in today's grocery and packaging industry especially from a logistical point of view. The paper also highlights the lack of systematization among the few methods used and discusses how these can be used to build a systematic and multifunctional evaluation model in order to utilize the information from different studies to build a knowledge base for the future.
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| 38. |
- Sparks, Leigh, et al.
(författare)
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Retailing Logistics and Fresh Food Packaging - Managing Change in the Supply Chain
- 2006
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The supply of fresh food is being transformed: retailers are gaining increasing power and control from manufacturers and the location and nature of production is evolving. This new title, based on groundbreaking research, will enable logistics professionals to recognise the opportunities available in this changing market and successfully manage change in the supply chain. The international practitioner/academic author team analyse state of the art packaging logistics for fresh food retailing and draw on primary research in the UK, Europe and the USA. It demonstrates the benefits to be gained from adopting new techniques and provides lessons on how to achieve successful implementation. It will help organizations and academics understand the changes and opportunities in modern fresh food supply chains and how to overcome challenges.
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| 39. |
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Urban Transport Development - A Complex Issue
- 2005
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Urban Transport Development is a contribution to the ongoing global discussion on the future of urban transport. The main themes are how to cope with the complexity of urban transport development and the process of change including its determining factors. The role of leadership in the development process is the key issue. Main areas of discussion are the historical background, the diversity and complexity of present problems, and the outcome of attempts to promote positive future development in urban environments around the world.
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