| 1. |
- Landin-Olsson, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Immunoreactive trypsin(Ogen) in the sera of children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes and matched controls
- 1990
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Ingår i: Pancreas. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0885-3177. ; 5:3, s. 241-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function at the time of diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we determined immunoreactive an-odal and cathodal trypsin(ogen) levels in sera from almost all children (n = 375) 0-14 years of age in Sweden in whom diabetes developed during 1 year, and in sex-, age-, and geographically matched control subjects (n = 312). The median level of anodal trypsin(ogen) was 5 (quartile range, 3-7) µg/L in children with newly diagnosed diabetes, compared with a median level of 7 (quartile range, 4-8) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the median level of cathodal trypsin(ogen) was 8 (quartile range, 4-10) µg/L in children with diabetes, compared with a median level of 11 (quartile range, 7-15) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). The median of the individual ratios between cathodal and anodal trypsin(ogen) was 1.4 in the diabetic patients and 1.7 in the control children (p < 0.001). In a multivariate test, however, only the decrease in cathodal trypsin(ogen) concentration was associated with diabetes. The levels of trypsin(ogen)s did not correlate with levels of islet cell antibodies, present in 81% of the diabetic children. Several mechanisms may explain our findings, for example, similar pathogenetic factors may affect both the endocrine and exocrine pancreas simultaneously, a failing local trophic stimulation by insulin on the exocrine cells may decrease the trypsinogen production, and there may be an increased elimination of trypsin(ogen) because of higher filtration through the kidneys in the hyperglycemic state.
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| 2. |
- Jönsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation and characterization of surface active erucic acid derivatives
- 1990
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society. - 0003-021X .- 1558-9331. ; 67, s. 733-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonionic, cationic and anionic surfactants, derivatives of cis-13-docosenoic acid (erucic acid) have been prepared and characterized, and their performance has been evaluated and compared with the corresponding derivatives of fatty acids with shorter alkyl chain length. Nonionic erucic acid ethoxylates give a solution behavior anticipated from the hydropholic-lipophilc balance of the molecule; however, the incresed molecular size as compared to ordinary surfactants results, eg., in higher temperature stability of the surfactants aggregates. Anomalous solution behavior was found and investigated for anionic surfactants, trithanolammonium salts of erucic acid, and some shorter homolouges. The effects are discussed in terms of the asidbase equilibra of the alkanolammonium counterion and the acid, together with effects due to the molecular size of the counterion.
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| 3. |
- Gölander, C-G, et al.
(författare)
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Structure and surface properties of diaminocyclohexane plasma polymer films
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Polymer Science. - 0021-8995 .- 1097-4628. ; 49, s. 39-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasma polymers of three isomers of diaminocyclohexane (DACH) were deposited on polyethylene, SiO2, and mica at 20 °C. The deposition rate was measured as a function of plasma density and power; a maximum was observed in the latter function. The deposition rate was highest for the monomer with the highest flow rate. The film refractive index was observed to increase with both power density and the degree of fragmentation in the plasma. Film composition was measured by elementary analysis, and was found to be almost identical for each of the three isomers; a mechanism for the polymerization reaction is proposed. The percentage of primary amino groups decreased with increasing power density and with film thickness. Surface force measurements of the thickness and refractive index agreed well with the corresponding ellipsometry values in dry air, and an adhesive force, independent of power density, was measured. When the film was exposed to water vapor, it swelled considerably and the adhesion was determined by capillary forces. Associated with swelling, at high power, was an extremely regular 2-ply rope pattern of protruding material.
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| 4. |
- Westerdahl, J, et al.
(författare)
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Use of sunbeds or sunlamps and malignant melanoma in southern Sweden
- 1994
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - 0002-9262. ; 140:8, s. 9-691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a population-based, matched case-control study from the South Swedish Health Care Region, which has the highest risk for melanoma in Sweden, the relation between the use of sunbeds or sunlamps and malignant melanoma was investigated. Between July 1, 1988, and June 30, 1990, a total of 400 melanoma patients and 640 healthy controls aged 15-75 years answered a comprehensive questionnaire containing different epidemiologic variables. Questions regarding the use of sunbeds or sunlamps were included. The odds ratio for developing malignant melanoma after ever having used sunbeds or sunlamps was 1.3. Considering all age groups, the odds ratio was significantly elevated after exposure more than 10 times a year to sunbeds or sunlamps (odds ratio (OR) = 1.8). When the study was restricted to patients and controls younger than age 30 years because the use of tanning devices is much more common among young persons, the odds ratio was higher (OR = 7.7 for more than 10 times a year vs. none). These findings were independent of constitutional factors and factors regarding sun exposure. A dose-response relation was evident. Furthermore, among melanoma patients in this young age group, the ratio of females to males was significantly higher than in older patients. When different melanoma presentation sites were considered, only lesions of the trunk were significantly associated with sunbed or sunlamp use (OR = 4.2 for more than 10 times a year vs. none).
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