| 1. |
- Özeren, Hüsamettin Deniz, et al.
(författare)
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Ranking Plasticizers for Polymers with Atomistic Simulations; PVT, Mechanical Properties and the Role of Hydrogen Bonding in Thermoplastic Starch
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Polymer Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2637-6105. ; 2:5, s. 2016-2026
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Virgin biopolymers are often brittle and, therefore, need the addition of plasticizers to obtain the required mechanical properties for practical applications, e.g. in bags and disposable kitchen items. In this article, based on a combined experimental and modelling approach, it is shown that it is possible to rank molecules with respect to their plasticization efficiency (depression in glass transition temperature with PVT data and reduced stiffness and strength) using molecular dynamics simulations. Starch was used as the polymeric matrix material due to its promising potential as a sustainable, eco-friendly, biobased replacement for fossil-based plastics. Three polyols (glycerol, sorbitol and xylitol), two ethanolamines and glucose were investigated. The results indicate that molecular simulations can be used to find the optimal plasticizer among a set of candidates, or to design/identify better plasticizers in a complex polymer system. Glycerol was the most efficient of the six plasticizers, explained by it forming the least amount of hydrogen bonds, having the shortest hydrogen bond lifetimes and low molecular rigidity. Hence, not only was it possible to rank plasticizers, the ranking results could also be explained by the simulations.
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| 2. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368 .- 1550-7998. ; 90:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- de Vries, Linda, 1976
(författare)
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Work as done? Understanding the practice of sociotechnical work in the maritime domain
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making. - : SAGE Publications. - 1555-3434 .- 2169-5032. ; 11:3, s. 1-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pilots and Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) operators work to improve the safety of navigation of seagoingvessels. As in many other safety-critical domains, work is increasingly characterised by the integrationand dissemination of information between humans and technology, across disciplines and overmultiple geographical locations. Empirical studies of navigational assistance were analysed using theFunctional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) in order to understand what pilots and VTS operatorsdo and how it contributes towards maritime safety. Successful assistance was found to be dependenton: (i) the use of local knowledge, preparation and foresight to integrate information from a wide rangeof sources, and; (ii) communication and trust between the pilot, VTS operator, and the master andcrew of the vessel, to provide timely assistance to vessels. FRAM was found to be a valuable tool fordescribing sociotechnical work, but was enriched by borrowing from ethnographically-inspired workstudies traditions, with their strong grounding in empirical studies and themes of 'making work visible',symmetry between human/non-human, and work as activity. This approach indicates that bringingideas from different traditions together to understand a real work practice may bring us closer todescribing 'work as done', and its contribution
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| 7. |
- Mannila, Linda, 1979-
(författare)
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Integrating Programming in Other Subjects at Primary Level: Tool, Glue or Ideation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Teaching Coding in K-12 Schools. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031219696 - 9783031219702 ; , s. 127-144
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As a result of the increased digitalisation and its transformational impact on our society, voices have been raised globally for the importance of programming and computing for everyone. Consequently, programming has been introduced in curricula worldwide, either as part of a stand-alone computing-related subject or integrated into other subjects. While the former alternative may seem more straightforward, there are several reasons for why some countries – such as Finland – have opted for the latter approach. In this chapter, I discuss the introduction of programming in the Finnish national core curriculum for grades 1–6 (ages 7–13 years), with particular focus on the cross-curricular aspects. In addition to describing the implementation process, I present three models for introducing programming in other subjects.
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| 8. |
- Samoteeva, Oxana, et al.
(författare)
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Charge distribution in a 5 kW heat pump using propane as working fluid : Part II: Modelling of liquid hold-up
- 2001
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Ingår i: 16 Nordiske Kølemøde og 9 Nordiske Varmepumpedage. - : Autoriserede Kølefirmaers Brancheforening.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A theoretical model for prediction of the amount of refrigerant in condenser and evaporator of a 5kW capacity heat pump is developed. Condenser and evaporator of the experimental test rig are SWEP Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers (BPHE). Plate heat exchangers are widely used in refrigeration and heat pump applications today. However, the mechanisms of boiling and condensation in BPHE represent a difficult issue, for which only few models are developed and presented in published literature.The model presented in this article is developed using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software program (Alvarado, Klein). Input values for the calculations are the inlet/outlet temperature, mass flow rate and pressure readings taken on the test facility.For modelling, evaporator is conventionally divided in two parts: boiling part and superheating part, for which heat transfer calculations are performed in order to find the respective heat transfer areas. For the boiling part of evaporator, void fraction is predicted and mass of liquid and vapour in the whole evaporator is calculated.Condenser is divided in desuperheating, condensing and subcooling parts and heat transfer calculations are performed in order to define heat transfer areas for each of them. In the condensing part, a film thickness based on the Nusselt theory is assumed and, afterwards, total mass of liquid and vapour in the whole condenser is calculated.The obtained results are compared to the measured amount of refrigerant in evaporator and condenser and interpreted.
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| 9. |
- Machat-From, Laura, 1982-
(författare)
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Identity, Old(er) Age and Migrancy : A Social Constructionist Lens
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ldentity research in relation to ethnicity and migration has tended to focus an younger people whilst identity research in relation to ageing and old(er) age has not focused an migrants. This inadvertent mutual neglect has led to a lack of identity research that examines the identity categories of old(er) age and migrancy together, a lacuna that this dissertation aims to redress. This dissertation departs from a social constructionist understanding of identity as situationally accomplished in the interplay between how one defines oneself (internally) and how others define one (externally). The questions raised by this perspective and addressed in this dissertation are: When (in what situations) and in relation to whom do old(er) age and migrancy (respectively) seem to become meaningful for identification? How do the identity categories of old(er) age and migrancy seem to be negotiated? The empirical material consists of in-depth interviews with 24 older migrants (13 men, 11 women) aged between 55 and 79 who have been living in Sweden for 18 to 61 years. Interviewees come from 12 different countries that vary in perceived cultural distance from Sweden. The findings suggest that identifications with old(er) age and migrancy seem to be dynamic and flexible rather than necessarily permanently meaningful, thus gaining meaning in specific situations and in relation to particular Others. External definitions furthermore do not always seem to match with internal ones. Regardless of how old(er) age and migrancy are constructed, they seem to be negotiable. This dissertation thus contributes to identity research by studying old(er) age and migrancy together and furthermore sheds light onto how the social constructionist lens allows us to see variability where stability otherwise would be presumed.
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| 10. |
- Berndt, Jaqueline, 1963-
(författare)
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マンガは「大衆文化」なのか？ : 日本研究におけるマンガの位置づけをめぐって
- 2021
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Ingår i: 『日本研究論文集』[Papers in Japanese Studies]. ; 7, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Figueredo, CM, et al.
(författare)
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T and B Cells in Periodontal Disease: New Functions in A Complex Scenario
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of molecular sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067. ; 20:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontal disease is characterised by a dense inflammatory infiltrate in the connective tissue. When the resolution is not achieved, the activation of T and B cells is crucial in controlling chronic inflammation through constitutive cytokine secretion and modulation of osteoclastogenesis. The present narrative review aims to overview the recent findings of the importance of T and B cell subsets, as well as their cytokine expression, in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease. T regulatory (Treg), CD8+ T, and tissue-resident γδ T cells are important to the maintenance of gingival homeostasis. In inflamed gingiva, however, the secretion of IL-17 and secreted osteoclastogenic factor of activated T cells (SOFAT) by activated T cells is crucial to induce osteoclastogenesis via RANKL activation. Moreover, the capacity of mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells) to produce cytokines, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17, might indicate a critical role of such cells in the disease pathogenesis. Regarding B cells, low levels of memory B cells in clinically healthy periodontium seem to be important to avoid bone loss due to the subclinical inflammation that occurs. On the other hand, they can exacerbate alveolar bone loss in a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-dependent manner and affect the severity of periodontitis. In conclusion, several new functions have been discovered and added to the complex knowledge about T and B cells, such as possible new functions for Tregs, the role of SOFAT, and MAIT cells, as well as B cells activating RANKL. The activation of distinct T and B cell subtypes is decisive in defining whether the inflammatory lesion will stabilise as chronic gingivitis or will progress to a tissue destructive periodontitis.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Amuakwa-Mensah, Franklin, et al.
(författare)
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Re-examining the Determinants of Non-Performing Loans in Ghana’s Banking Industry: Role of the 2007–2009 Financial Crisis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of African Business. - : Routledge. - 1522-8916 .- 1522-9076. ; 18:3, s. 357-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper uses robust econometric methods to estimate the determinants of non-performing loans (NPLs) with a specific focus on the role of the 2007–2009 financial crisis in explaining NPLs in the banking industry of Ghana. Findings suggest that non-performing loans are significantly affected by bank-specific, industry, and macroeconomic variables. We observed heterogeneity in the determinants of NPLs for sub-samples of the data. The effect of the financial crisis on NPLs is observed to be conditional on the level of credit risk in our sub-sample analysis. The results from the impulse response corroborate that of the regression estimation.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Lee, Bruce D., et al.
(författare)
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The Fundamental Limitations of Learning Linear-Quadratic Regulators
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2023. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 4053-4060
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a local minimax lower bound on the excess cost of designing a linear-quadratic controller from offline data. The bound is valid for any offline exploration policy that consists of a stabilizing controller and an energy bounded exploratory input. The derivation leverages a relaxation of the minimax estimation problem to Bayesian estimation, and an application of van Trees inequality. We show that the bound aligns with system-theoretic intuition. In particular, we demonstrate that the lower bound increases when the optimal control objective value increases. We also show that the lower bound increases when the system is poorly excitable, as characterized by the spectrum of the controllability gramian of the system mapping the noise to the state and the H∞ norm of the system mapping the input to the state. We further show that for some classes of systems, the lower bound may be exponential in the state dimension, demonstrating exponential sample complexity for learning the linear-quadratic regulator.
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| 21. |
- Nettelbladt, Anna
(författare)
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Övervakning av luftföroreningar i Västra Götalands län. Resultat till och med september 2006
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På uppdrag av Länsstyrelsen i Västra Götalands län samt Tranemo kommun har IVL mätt nedfall av luftföroreningar, markvattnets kvalitet och lufthalter i Västra Götalands län. Mätningarna startade 1989. Syftet är att beskriva nedfallets storlek och markvattnets sammansättning i skogsytor, men även visa skillnader mellan olika delar av regionen och hur förhållandena ändras med tiden. Vissa av provytorna ligger i Skogsvårdsorganisationens observationsytor, vilket gör att Länsstyrelsens och kommunens data kan jämföras med skogliga uppgifter. Genom samarbete med SMHI utförs även yttäckande modellberäkningar av depositionen sedan 2000/01. Nedfallet av svavel och kväve i södra Sverige visar en gradient med större nedfall i sydväst och avtagande värden mot nordost, beroende på den dominerande sydvästliga vindriktningen och avståndet till områden med betydande utsläpp. I Västra Götaland återfinns denna gradient med större nedfall av svavel, kväve och klorid i de sydvästliga delarna jämfört med de östra delarna av länet. Sedan mätningarna startade 1989 har nedfallet av svavel till skogsytorna minskat till omkring en tredjedel. Någon lika tydlig trend för kväve är svår att se. Under det hydrologiska året 2005/06 var svaveldepositionen uppmätt via krondropp på samma nivå som närmast föregående tre år. Depositionen till skogsytorna var i medeltal 4,0 kg antropogent svavel per hektar. Nedfallet av kväve via krondropp var något högre än tidigare, 6,8 kg/ha. Under de senaste tre åren har kväve uppvisat nedfall i nivå med eller högre jämfört med tidigare år under nittiotalet, om man tar hänsyn till nederbördsmängderna Dock är nedfallet lägre än vad det var på 80-talet. Trots minskat nedfall av svavel under mätseriens gång var markvattnet i undersökta lokaler surt, med pH-värden mellan 4,5 och 5,1. De flesta ytor har dessutom fortfarande förhöjda halter av oorganiskt aluminium, som kan orsaka skador i mark och vatten. Markvattnets syraneutraliserande förmåga (ANC) har dock ökat något i flera skogsytor, vilket indikerar en viss återhämtning från försurning. Lufthalter mäts på en lokal i länet, Hensbacka. Under 2005/06, liksom tidigare år, var halterna av svaveldioxid och kvävedioxid lägre än både miljökvalitetsnormerna gällande ekosystem och miljömålen gällande hälsa, kulturvärden och/eller material. När det gäller EU-direktivet och den svenska miljökvalitetsnormen för marknära ozon så understiger halterna det gränsvärde som skall gälla från 2010 och 2020. Dock överskrids det svenska målvärdet 50 µg/m3 som avser tillståndet 2020 vid samtliga lokaler.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Vancea, Georgeta
(författare)
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Die Elementarteilchen der Liebe in den Geschichten des Begehrens : Postmoderne Thematisierungen des Eros
- 2004
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Ingår i: LiLi. - 0049-8653. ; 34, s. 110-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The article shows how postmodern literature offers new ways of re-thinking and re-reading Eros, how it responds to the changing mentalities and social morals and how it provides insight into the social-cultural paradigms, with which it enters a mutual relation of dialogue, contestation and parody. The ethics and aesthetics of Eros, that is, the literary representation of love, desire and sexuality, has dramatically changed during the last decades due to the influence of postmodern theories and the explosion of sexual discoursees in the public sphere. As a result, postmodern literature challenges the ethics of sexual identities and differences, interrogates stereotypes and conventions and heightens our critical awareness of them. It extends the modes of femininity and gender identities, and ultimately broadens our view of love, desire and sexuality.
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| 24. |
- Wang, Hui, et al.
(författare)
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Endoplasmic reticulum-targeted fluorogenic probe based on pyrimidine derivative for visualizing exogenous/endogenous H2S in living cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: Dyes and pigments. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0143-7208 .- 1873-3743. ; 179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing new probes for visualizing H2S in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is of great significance in physiological and pathological fields in that the probe can antagonise ER stress. Herein, we try to explore efficient reporting fluorophores based on three pyrimidine derivatives (L1, L2 and L3), and eventually, a novel probe WH2S was fabricated by using emissive pyrimidine derivative (L1) as the reporting fluomphore. Upon the addition of H2S, the probe processed a thiolytic cleavage to regenerate L1, delivering a remarkable fluorescence enhancement. Probe WH2S presents a perfect selectivity, high sensitivity and low detection limit (3.81 mu M) towards H2S in the buffer media. Most importantly, fluorescence microscopy experiments demonstrate that WH2S can precisely accumulate in ER and detect exogenous/endogenous H2S at cellular level. These results imply that probe WH2S possesses great potentiality in tracking target H2S in complicated and changeable living systems.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Lee, Ching-Hwa, et al.
(författare)
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A study on development of alternative biopolymers based proton exchange membrane for microbial fuel cells and effect of blending ratio and ionic crosslinking on bioenergy generation and COD removal
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of polymer research. - : Springer. - 1022-9760 .- 1572-8935. ; 26:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of biopolymers as alternative proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is receiving significant attention in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) due to their attractive and competitive physico-chemical properties, eco-friendly behavior and biodegradable nature. In this study we developed the biopolymer-based blend PEMs using chitosan (Cs) alginate (Alg) for bioelectricity production and simultaneous wastewater treatment and also investigated the effect of blending ratio of the membrane and ionic crosslinking between the two biopolymers on MFC performance. The membranes of Cs:Alg were fabricated in volume ratio of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:100 via a solution casting and solvent evaporation method followed by crosslinking with phosphoric acid to avoid excess swelling of the hydrophilic polymers and increase the mechanical strength. Among these, the 50:50 ratio membranes exhibited the highest power generation (115 mW/m(2)) with 1340% water uptake, however the membrane with 40:60 ratio displayed maximum COD removal (78.6%) compared to other membranes. The structure and surface morphology of obtained membranes were examined using Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Sorption and cation exchange capacity, and tensile strength. Sorption, cation exchange capacity and mechanical properties of Cs membranes increased with the addition of Alg with near to stoichiometric ratio.
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| 28. |
- Lee, C. H., et al.
(författare)
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Applying a speaker-dependent speech compression technique to concatenative TTS synthesizers
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1558-7924 .- 1558-7916. ; 15:2, s. 632-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes a new speaker-dependent coding algorithm to efficiently compress a large speech database for corpus-based concatenative text-to-speech (TTS) engines while maintaining high fidelity. To achieve a high compression ratio and meet the fundamental requirements of concatenative TTS synthesizers, such as partial segment decoding and random access capability, we adopt a nonpredictive analysis-by-synthesis scheme for speaker-dependent parameter estimation and quantization. The spectral coefficients are quantized by using a memoryless split vector quantization (VQ) approach that does not use frame correlation. Considering that excitation signals of a specific speaker show low intra-variation especially in the voiced regions, the conventional adaptive codebook for pitch prediction is replaced by a speaker-dependent pitch-pulse codebook trained by a corpus of single-speaker speech signals. To further improve the coding efficiency, the proposed coder flexibly combines nonpredictive and predictive type method considering the structure of the TTS system. By applying the proposed algorithm to a Korean TTS system, we could obtain comparable quality to the G.729 speech coder and satisfy all the requirements that TTS system needs. The results are verified by both objective and subjective quality measurements. In addition, the decoding complexity of the proposed coder is around 55% lower than that of G.729 annex A.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Lee, Chyan-Jang, et al.
(författare)
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Cathelicidin LL-37 and HSV-1 Corneal Infection : Peptide Versus Gene Therapy
- 2014
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Ingår i: Translational Vision Science & Technology. - : Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. - 2164-2591. ; 3:3, s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate the potential utility of collagen-based corneal implants with anti?Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)-1 activity achieved through sustained release of LL-37, from incorporated nanoparticles, as compared with cell-based delivery from model human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) transfected to produce endogenous LL-37. Methods: We tested the ability of collagen-phosphorylcholine implants to tolerate the adverse microenvironment of herpetic murine corneas. Then, we investigated the efficacy of LL-37 peptides delivered through nanoparticles incorporated within the corneal implants to block HSV-1 viral activity. In addition, LL-37 complementary DNA (cDNA) was transferred into HCECs to confer viral resistance, and their response to HSV-1 infection was examined. Results: Our implants remained in herpetic murine corneas 7 days longer than allografts. LL-37 released from the implants blocked HSV-1 infection of HCECs by interfering with viral binding. However, in pre-infected HCECs, LL-37 delayed but could not prevent viral spreading nor clear viruses from the infected cells. HCECs transfected with the LL-37 expressed and secreted the peptide. Secreted LL-37 inhibited viral binding in vitro but was insufficient to protect cells completely from HSV-1 infection. Nevertheless, secreted LL-37 reduced both the incidence of plaque formation and plaque size. Conclusion: LL-37 released from composite nanoparticle-hydrogel corneal implants and HCEC-produced peptide, both showed anti?HSV-1 activity by blocking binding. However, while both slowed down virus spread, neither was able on its own to completely inhibit the viruses. Translational Relevance: LL-37 releasing hydrogels may have potential utility as corneal substitutes for grafting in HSV-1 infected corneas, possibly in combination with LL-37 producing therapeutic cells.
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| 31. |
- Lee, Christine J., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 breakthrough infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : WILEY. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 94:9, s. 4234-4245
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- To provide a comparative meta-analysis and systematic review of the risk and clinical outcomes of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection between fully vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Eighteen studies of COVID-19 infections in fully vaccinated ("breakthrough infections") and unvaccinated individuals were reviewed from Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The meta-analysis examined the summary effects and between-study heterogeneity regarding differences in the risk of infection, hospitalization, treatments, and mortality between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. he overall risk of infection was lower for the fully vaccinated compared to that of the unvaccinated (relative risk [RR] 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19-0.21), especially for variants other than Delta (Delta: RR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13-0.65; other variants: RR 0.06, 95% CI: 0.04-0.08). The risk of asymptomatic infection was not statistically significantly different between fully vaccinated and unvaccinated (RR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.27-1.19). There were neither statistically significant differences in risk of hospitalization (RR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.38-2.93), invasive mechanical ventilation (RR 1.65, 95% CI: 0.90-3.06), or mortality (RR 1.19, 95% CI: 0.79-1.78). Conversely, the risk of supplemental oxygen during hospitalization was significantly higher for the unvaccinated (RR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.08-1.82). Unvaccinated people were more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection than fully vaccinated for all variants. Once infected, there were no statistically significant differences in the risk of hospitalization, invasive mechanical ventilation, or mortality. Still, unvaccinated showed an increased need for oxygen supplementation. Further prospective analysis, including patients risk factors, COVID-19 variants, and the utilized treatment strategies, would be warranted.
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| 32. |
- Lee, Chia-Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Phenanthrenes as Cytotoxic Agents with Pharmacophore Modeling and ChemGPS-NP Prediction as Topo II Inhibitors
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:5, s. e37897-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, 3-methoxy-1,4-phenanthrenequinones, calanquinone A (6a), denbinobin (6b), 5-OAc-calanquinone A (7a) and 5-OAc-denbinobin (7b), have significantly promising cytotoxicity against various human cancer cell lines (IC50 0.08-1.66 mu g/mL). Moreover, we also established a superior pharmacophore model for cytotoxicity (r = 0.931) containing three hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA1, HBA2 and HBA3) and one hydrophobic feature (HYD) against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The pharmacophore model indicates that HBA3 is an essential feature for the oxygen atom of 5-OH in 6a-b and for the carbonyl group of 5-OCOCH3 in 7a-b, important for their cytotoxic properties. The SAR for moderately active 5a-b (5-OCH3), and highly active 6a-b and 7a-b, are also elaborated in a spatial aspect model. Further rational design and synthesis of new cytotoxic phenanthrene analogs can be implemented via this model. Additionally, employing a ChemGPS-NP based model for cytotoxicity mode of action (MOA) provides support for a preliminary classification of compounds 6a-b as topoisomerase II inhibitors.
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| 33. |
- Wu, Shengru, et al.
(författare)
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The right bug in the right place: opportunities for bacterial vaginosis treatment
- 2022
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Ingår i: npj Biofilms and Microbiomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-5008. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a condition in which the vaginal microbiome presents an overgrowth of obligate and facultative anaerobes, which disturbs the vaginal microbiome balance. BV is a common and recurring vaginal infection among women of reproductive age and is associated with adverse health outcomes and a decreased quality of life. The current recommended first-line treatment for BV is antibiotics, despite the high recurrence rate. Live biopharmaceutical products/probiotics and vaginal microbiome transplantation (VMT) have also been tested in clinical trials for BV. In this review, we discuss the advantages and challenges of current BV treatments and interventions. Furthermore, we provide our understanding of why current clinical trials with probiotics have had mixed results, which is mainly due to not administering the correct bacteria to the correct body site. Here, we propose a great opportunity for large clinical trials with probiotic strains isolated from the vaginal tract (e.g., Lactobacillus crispatus) and administered directly into the vagina after pretreatment.
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