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- Jacobsson, Leif S., et al.
(författare)
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Antiatherosclerotic Effects of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Captopril and Fosinopril in Hypercholesterolemic Minipigs
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. - 0160-2446 .- 1533-4023. ; 24:4, s. 670-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the two angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors captopril and fosinopril with regard to possible antiatherosclerotic effects in minipigs. Experimental hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis was produced in 33 minipigs of the Gottingen strain by an egg yolk/cholesterol-enriched diet for 1 year. One group (n = 11) was fed the atherogenic diet alone and served as a control. A second group (n = 11) received captopril (80 mg/kg/day) added to the atherogenic diet, and a third group (n = 11) was treated in the same manner but with fosinopril (8 mg/kglday). The drug treatments produced significant reduction in serum ACE activity associated with a reactive increase in plasma renin activity (PRA), but had only minor effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. At the end of the treatment period, all animals were killed and examined for degree of atherosclerosis. The percentage of atherosclerotic area in the abdominal aorta was significantly lower in both drug-treated groups as compared with controls. Furthermore, accumulation of cholesterol in the thoracic and abdominal aorta was inhibited by drug treatment. Finally, the percentage of intimal thickening in abdominal aorta was significantly reduced in the drug-treated groups. In conclusion, the ACE inhibitors captopril and fosinopril inhibited development of atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic minipigs.
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| 2. |
- Hillarp, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Myotonic dystrophy revealed at videoradiography of deglutition and speech in adult patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency: presentation of four cases
- 1994
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Ingår i: Cleft Palate Journal. - 0009-8701. ; 31:2, s. 125-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) without cleft palate, who appear for the first time in adulthood for treatment, will probably reveal a high percentage of undiagnosed myotonic dystrophy (MD). Videoradiography of deglutition and speech reveals the diagnosis. Eleven adult noncleft palate patients with VPI were studied with videoradiography of the pharynx and esophagus. Three exhibited functional radiographic manifestations of MD during deglutition and speech. The diagnosis confirmed by neurologic examination was not known or suspected prior to videoradiography. An additional patient with VPI and suspected MD displayed the same constellation of radiographic findings. Follow-up examinations confirmed the diagnosis of MD. Three of the four patients had had symptoms of VPI since childhood, but none had complaints of deglutition problems except for accidental nasal regurgitations.
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| 6. |
- Petersen, G., et al.
(författare)
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A Raman study of ion-polymer and ion-ion interactions in low molecular weight polyether - LiCF3SO3 complexes
- 1992
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Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 37:9, s. 1495-1497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report Raman scattering investigations of the stability of various ion—polymer interactions from studies of LiCF3SO3—polyethers. New results for endcapped polyethers of different molecular weights in the range of one to eight repeat units are compared with previous data from OH-terminated polyether salt complexes. We conclude that anions coordinated to OH-endgroups are more stable than cations forming crosslinks between oxygens of adjacent polymer chains which in turn are more stable than cations coordinated to single oxygens. It is the weak oxygen—cation bond which is causing the dramatic increase in ion—ion association as tempearature increases. OH—anion bonds are little affected by temperature.
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| 10. |
- Torell, Lena M., et al.
(författare)
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The importance of ion-polymer crosslinks in polymer electrolytes
- 1992
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Ingår i: Solid State Ionics. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0167-2738 .- 1872-7689. ; 53-56:Part 2, s. 1037-1043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Raman-, Brillouin-and photon correlation spectroscopy have been used to study LiCF3SO3 and NaCF3SO3 containing polyethers (PEO and PPO). At focus are factors controlling the ion-polymer interactions, the formation of transient ionic crosslinks and their effect on the local flexibility. Brillouin and photon correlation spectroscopy show that the structural relaxation time is independent of the polymeric chain length for chains longer than n≈20 repeat units. For shorter chains OH bridging slightly stiffens the dynamics whereas for CH3 end-capped chains the local chain flexibility increases dramatically as n decreases. The crossover at ∼20 monomer indicates the number of monomers involved in the cooperative segmental rearrangements needed for structural relaxations in high Mw complexes, and thus also for an ionic displacement to occur in these systems. It is found that transient crosslinks are established for n > 4 and they considerably slow down the local dynamics. The density of crosslinks is found to be strongly temperature dependent and this is the reason for departure from Tg scaled dynamics in the complexes.
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| 11. |
- Wasserman, D, et al.
(författare)
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Parasuicide in the Nordic countries.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of social medicine. - 0300-8037. ; 22:3, s. 170-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article gives an account of some findings of the WHO/EURO multicentre study on parasuicide from the five Nordic centres: Helsinki (Finland), Stockholm (Sweden), and the countries of Funen (Denmark), Sø-Trøndelag (Norway) and Västerbotten (Sweden). For parasuicide patients treated in hospital in these five Nordic centres, the parasuicide rates per 100,000 inhabitants per annum were 222 for women, 213 for men and 224 for both sexes combined. In all the Nordic centres except Helsinki, women had higher parasuicide rates than men. The female/male parasuicide ratio was 1.16 for all Nordic centres. The highest parasuicide rates in the whole material were found in Helsinki, Stockholm and Funen, and the lowest in Sør-Trøndelag and Västerbotten. The highest parasuicide rates lay in the 30-39 age interval, i.e. the peak of parasuicide rates was in older age groups than previously reported. Single people, especially divorcees and those who have never been married, constitute a high-risk group in both sexes. The risk of parasuicide for single men is three times that for married men in all the Nordic centres except Sør-Trøndelag, where the risk is five times higher. The parasuicide risk for single women is twice as high as for married women except for women in Funen, where the risk for single and married women is almost equal. Exceptionally high parasuicide rates are also reported for Finnish citizens in Sweden, compared with Finns from the Helsinki centre. Parasuicide rates appear to be correlated with population density, since the densely populated areas of Helsinki, Stockholm and Funen evince higher parasuicide rates than the sparsely populated areas of Sør-Trøndelag and Västerbotten.
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