| 1. |
- Bellman, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Loading enhances glucose uptake in muscles, bones, and bone marrow of lower extremities in humans.
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - 1945-7197.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased standing time has been associated with improved health, but the underlying mechanism is unclear.We herein investigate if increased weight loading increases energy demand and thereby glucose uptake (GU) locally in bone and/or muscle in the lower extremities.In this single-center clinical trial with randomized crossover design (ClinicalTrials.gov ID, NCT05443620), we enrolled 10 men with body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 35kg/m2. Participants were treated with both high load (standing with weight vest weighing 11% of body weight) and no load (sitting) on the lower extremities. GU was measured using whole-body quantitative positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. The primary endpoint was the change in GU ratio between loaded bones (i.e. femur and tibia) and non-loaded bones (i.e. humerus).High load increased the GU ratio between lower and upper extremities in cortical diaphyseal bone (e.g. femur/humerus ratio increased by 19%, p=0.029), muscles (e.g. m. quadriceps femoris/m. triceps brachii ratio increased by 28%, p=0.014) and in certain bone marrow regions (femur/humerus diaphyseal bone marrow region ratio increased by 17%, p=0.041). Unexpectedly, we observed the highest GU in the bone marrow region of vertebral bodies, but its GU was not affected by high load.Increased weight-bearing loading enhances GU in muscles, cortical bone, and bone marrow of the exposed lower extremities. This could be interpreted as increased local energy demand in bone and muscle caused by increased loading. The physiological importance of the increased local GU by static loading remains to be determined.
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| 2. |
- Berg Jansson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Professional Position Positioned: The Interwoven Experience of Being a Young Adult and New at Work Analysed from a Relational Perspective of Age
- 2024
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Ingår i: Young - Nordic Journal of Youth Research. - : Sage Publications. - 1103-3088 .- 1741-3222. ; 32:2, s. 142-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To gain an in-depth understanding of the position of being a young adult and new at work simultaneously, this study examines the doing of age in relation to others in the lives of young adults, rather than focusing on age as a category and/or developmental phase. The study focuses on being a young adult from a critical and relational perspective of age. Based on focus group interviews with young adults, mostly women, working in retail, the aim is to analyse the position of being a young adult while new at work through age-marked relationships. The results reveal how this position can be understood both in terms of security and insecurity. Security arises in the sense of opportunities for learning and leaving responsibilities to older and more experienced colleagues. Insecurity arises in the sense of being exposed to insecure employment, the risk of being allocated less challenging tasks and being judged for failures.
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| 3. |
- Orton, Frances, et al.
(författare)
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A laboratory investigation into features of morphology and physiology for their potential to predict reproductive success in male frogs
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 15:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amphibian populations are declining globally, however, the contribution of reduced reproduction to declines is unknown. We investigated associations between morphological (weight/snout-vent length, nuptial pad colour/size, forelimb width/size) and physiological (nuptial pad/testis histomorphology, plasma hormones, gene expression) features with reproductive success in males as measured by amplexus success and fertility rate (% eggs fertilised) in laboratory maintained Silurana/Xenopus tropicalis. We explored the robustness of these features to predict amplexus success/fertility rate by investigating these associations within a sub-set of frogs exposed to anti-androgens (flutamide (50 μg/L)/linuron (9 or 45 μg/L)). In unexposed males, nuptial pad features (size/colour/number of hooks/androgen receptor mRNA) were positively associated with amplexus success, but not with fertility rate. In exposed males, many of the associations with amplexus success differed from untreated animals (they were either reversed or absent). In the exposed males forelimb width/nuptial pad morphology were also associated with fertility rate. However, a more darkly coloured nuptial pad was positively associated with amplexus success across all groups and was indicative of androgen status. Our findings demonstrate the central role for nuptial pad morphology in reproductive success in S. tropicalis, however, the lack of concordance between unexposed/exposed frogs complicates understanding of the utility of features of nuptial pad morphology as biomarkers in wild populations. In conclusion, our work has indicated that nuptial pad and forelimb morphology have potential for development as biomarkers of reproductive health in wild anurans, however, further research is needed to establish this.
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| 4. |
- Todisco, Gabriele, et al.
(författare)
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Integrated Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Improves Disease Classification and Risk Stratification of MDS with Ring Sideroblasts
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 29:20, s. 4256-4267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Ring sideroblasts (RS) define the low-risk myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS) subgroup with RS but may also reflect erythroid dysplasia in higher risk myeloid neoplasm. The benign behavior of MDS with RS (MDSRSþ) is limited to SF3B1-mutated cases without additional high-risk genetic events, but one third of MDSRSþ carry no SF3B1 mutation, suggesting that different molecular mechanisms may underlie RS formation. We integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses to evaluate whether transcriptome profiles may improve current risk stratification. Experimental Design: We studied a prospective cohort of MDSRSþ patients irrespective of World Health Organization (WHO) class with regard to somatic mutations, copy-number alterations, and bone marrow CD34þ cell transcriptomes to assess whether transcriptome profiles add to prognostication and provide input on disease classification. Results: SF3B1, SRSF2, or TP53 multihit mutations were found in 89% of MDSRSþ cases, and each mutation category was associated with distinct clinical outcome, gene expression, and alternative splicing profiles. Unsupervised clustering analysis identified three clusters with distinct hemopoietic stem and progenitor (HSPC) composition, which only partially overlapped with mutation groups. IPSS-M and the transcriptome-defined proportion of megakaryocyte/erythroid progenitors (MEP) independently predicted survival in multivariable analysis. Conclusions: These results provide essential input on the molecular basis of SF3B1-unmutated MDSRSþ and propose HSPC quantification as a prognostic marker in myeloid neoplasms with RS.
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| 5. |
- Vossen, L. E., et al.
(författare)
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Fasting increases shelter use in house crickets (Acheta domesticus)
- 2022
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF INSECTS AS FOOD AND FEED. - : Wageningen Academic Publishers. - 2352-4588. ; 8:1, s. 5-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fasting, i.e. depriving the animals of food prior to harvesting, has been practised in the production of house crickets (Acheta domesticus). However, the effectiveness of this method in reducing microbial loads is still unclear. In addition, there may be costs of fasting to the organism, which could compromise product quality and animal welfare. Here, we analysed spontaneous behaviour displayed after 0, 24 or 48 hours of fasting. We show that after 48 hours of fasting, shelter use was increased and the duration spent on the exposed area of the floor was decreased. The same trend was seen after 24 hours fasting. Moreover, in both fasting treatments, a strong reduction in grooming was seen. We conclude that, in the absence of a microbial lowering effect of fasting and considering the current finding that fasting induces behavioural responses in crickets, there is currently no scientific support for using fasting in cricket production.
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| 6. |
- Vossen, L. E., et al.
(författare)
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Open field behavior in the house cricket (Acheta domesticus) : effect of illumination, sex differences and individual consistency
- 2023
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF INSECTS AS FOOD AND FEED. - : Wageningen Academic Publishers. - 2352-4588. ; 9:3, s. 317-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Edible insects are worldwide promoted as an alternative protein, trace mineral and lipid source in animal feed and human food. The house cricket (Acheta domesticus) is already being reared at an industrial scale, yet current massrearing practices and facility design may still leave room for improvement. Behavioral tests have been suggested as an important assessment tool at the whole-organism level that can be used to find optimal housing conditions (e.g. density, diet, temperature). Here, we adapt the widely used open field test to the house cricket. We tested 16 male and 16 female house crickets four times under two different light intensities. Videos were analysed with EthovisionT tracking software and variables distance moved, velocity, and duration and frequency in zone were extracted. Results showed that house crickets, like vertebrate model species, spent most time close to the walls of the arena, and crossed the center zone with high velocity. Brighter illumination was associated with increased velocity, in particular in the center zone during the first test occasion, suggesting avoidance of this zone. Male crickets had higher locomotory activity than females. Consistency repeatabilities and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were moderate to high, and the correlation between subsequent occasions became stronger over the four occasions at day 1, 2, 3 and 7. The first test occasion differed from subsequent occasions, therefore repeated testing may be necessary when analysing experimental manipulations of small effect size. Overall, the results are promising for use of the open field test as a precise phenotyping tool.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Wall, Erika, Docent, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Capturing Stories of How Young Adults Experience Entry Into the Workforce : A Qualitative Research Protocol on Data Collection During the Ongoing Coronavirus Pandemic
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Methods. - : Sage Publications. - 1609-4069. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:In present research protocol, the project entitled “A sustainable working life for young adults—leadership, learning, and insecurity” is presented and discussed. The study which aims to describe and analyze the expectations of young adults in the retail workforce in terms of leadership, learning and development and how these aspects can be understood from a health promotion perspective. The project is limited to young adults (18–28 years) employed in a retail setting.Methods:The project is based on qualitative data collected through focus group interviews and individual interviews made during the ongoing coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in year 2020 what here will be reflected upon.Discussion:It is concluded data collection carried out during the ongoing spread of the coronavirus, may be significant to what interviewees highlighted in the interviews, but also to what was not discussed in the interviews. It may be the case that the increased focus on the coronavirus meant that other issues that are important to young adults as they establish themselves in the labor market were overshadowed.
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| 9. |
- Wall, Erika, Docent, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of security when new at work : a thematic analysis of interviews with young adult retail workers in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Workplace Health Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1753-8351 .- 1753-836X. ; 14:6, s. 620-633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - Positive examples of situations in which young adults new at work experience feeling secure in the role as novice in the work force are here focused. The aim is to analyze how young adults who are new to the labor market express having a sense of security in the workplace. The long-term goal is to strengthen the conditions for the health and wellbeing of workers entering the retail labor market.Design/methodology/approach - Thirteen individual in-depth telephone/video-interviews were conducted with young adults (aged 18–28) working within the retail sector in Sweden. Using a thematic interview schedule, the interviews focused how the interviewees contextualizing stories on being novice at the labor market. The study is based on those parts of the material in which stories on feeling secure was expressed.Findings - The analysis resulted in two themes: A sense of security is related to carrying out work safely and a sense of security is related to receiving support. The first theme illuminates how work is structured and safety training respectively contributes to a sense of security and the latter reveal how social support from a variety of sources (managers, colleagues and others outside the work environment) contributes to a sense of security when new at work.Originality/value - Using a health promoting perspective, the study complements the existing perspectives of challenges faced by novices as they enter working life. Also, the study highlights the importance of including relations outside the workplace when searching for the understanding of the experiences of being new at work. The study indicates that focusing on the sense of security by well-structured work, safety training and social support might contribute to the strive for a sustainable working life for young adults.
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