| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Andrén, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Att lära sig språk
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2 - människans språk 1-2. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 73-89
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 3. |
- Arnesson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Forskningsverksamhet och försöksstallar inom nöt- och lammköttsproduktion i Wales, Irland, Skottland och Danmark : erfarenhetsutbyte - 2009
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SLU:s forskningsstation för nöt- och lammköttsproduktion är belägen på Götala gård utanför Skara. Här bedrivs utfodringsförsök till nöt och lamm baserat på vall och bete kompletterat med huvudsakligen inhemska kraftfodermedel, där syftet är att ta fram nöt- och lammkött av hög kvalitet. Djurens välfärd och lantbrukarens ekonomi står i centrum för vår forskning. Under 2010 kommer projektering utföras för nya försöksstallar för nöt och får. För att utbyta erfarenheter med forskare inom nöt- och lammproduktion och få idéer till smarta byggnadslösningar och utfodringsanläggningar i försöksstallar besökte vi under 2009 IBERS, Aberystwyth i Wales, Teagasc Grange Beef Research Centre på Irland och SAC Animal Breeding & Development Team i Skottland. I Danmark besökte vi Tjele gods, Forskningscenter Foulum och Kvaegbrugets Forsogscentrum (KFC). Forskningen i Wales, Irland och Skottland hade blivit mer inriktad mot mera tvärvetenskaplig forskning med klimat och miljö som viktiga faktorer. De nybyggda stallarna på IBERS och SAC var stora ljusa, luftiga fribärande hallar, där större delen av väggarna bestod av vindvävsgardiner. Man hade satsat på breda foderbord, flexibla boxstorlekar och fantastiska hanteringsanläggningar för sortering, vägning och behandling av djur. Det var imponerande att se deras foderhantering med många silor i olika storlekar och allt under tak. Fullfoder var vanligt och medförde en rationell utfodring. De datastyrda utfodringskrubborna, av både den holländska och brittiska modellen, krävde både tillsyn och skötsel för att fungera. Det blir också en stor mängd data att hantera vid användning av dem. På Tjele gods i Danmark hade man satsat på en enkel byggnad, med djurhantering i fokus. Mycket av arbetet gjordes maskinellt för att spara arbetskraft. Foderanläggningen på Foulum gav möjlighet till stor flexibilitet när det gäller att hantera många fodermedel och olika foderblandningar. Fodret utfodrades i de olika stallarna med hjälp av förarlösa robottruckar. Försöksstallet för mjölkkor var isolerat och inrett med liggbås och skrapade fodergångar. Här gavs möjlighet att genomföra försök med många behandlingar under exakt samma stallbetingelser. Stallet var utrustat med individuell utfodring av grovfoder. Kraftfoder fanns i automater där de kunde ha fyra olika foder samtidigt. Den dammsugare som användes för att tömma foderkrubborna ansågs helt nödvändig för en rationell foderhantering. All data från försöksstallarna registrerades automatiskt och samlades in till en gemensam databank, varifrån forskarna kunde hämta information. All datafiltrering sysselsatte fem datatekniker. Det som forskarna på Foulum skickade med oss som råd inför vår projektering, var att tänka på att ta till ordenligt när det gäller utrymmen, så att foder- och djurhantering blir rationell. KFC var en mycket välskött försöksgård som ägdes av näringen. Eftersom de höll på att slutföra en om- och tillbyggnation av ladugården var det extra intressant för oss att se och höra hur de tänkt vid projekteringen. De hade t.ex. gått ifrån gummimattor i mjölkkostallets fodergångar och satsat på betongspalt och gödselrobot, för att få torrare miljö och därmed bättre klövhälsa. Efter att ha prövat många olika sorter liggunderlag i liggbåsen hade man satsat på en 18 cm tjock madrass med små luftfyllda gummibollar, vilken höll formen bra. En självgående strövagn på räls för spån över liggbåsen, samt även en för halm i ungdjurs-avdelningen sparade mycket arbete. Även på KFC tillämpades individuell utfodring till alla mjölkkor och de hade 2-2,5 kor/ fodertråg. Utfodring gjordes fyra gånger per dag. I ungdjursstallet var det två fodertråg per tio djur och utfodringen gjordes två gånger per dag. Fodergrindar vid varje fodertråg var nödvändigt hos ungdjuren för att inte djuren skulle bli undanknuffade när de åt. Personalen påpekade att den individuella utfodringen kräver mycket datatekniskt arbete för att installation och funktion ska bli användarvänlig. Diskussionen med forskare och försökspersonal har varit oerhört värdefull och gett oss mycket att tänka på inför vår egen planering av nya försöksstallar. Det viktigaste att tänka på vid projektering, enligt våra kollegor både på Brittiska öarna och i Danmark, är flexibilitet, väl tilltagna ytor och en genomtänkt logistik. Det ger förutsättningar för stallar med god forsknings- och arbetsmiljö samt en god djurvälfärd
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Gad, Helge, et al.
(författare)
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MTH1 inhibition eradicates cancer by preventing sanitation of the dNTP pool
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 508:7495, s. 215-221
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancers have dysfunctional redox regulation resulting in reactive oxygen species production, damaging both DNA and free dNTPs. The MTH1 protein sanitizes oxidized dNTP pools to prevent incorporation of damaged bases during DNA replication. Although MTH1 is non-essential in normal cells, we show that cancer cells require MTH1 activity to avoid incorporation of oxidized dNTPs, resulting in DNA damage and cell death. We validate MTH1 as an anticancer target in vivo and describe small molecules TH287 and TH588 as first-in-class nudix hydrolase family inhibitors that potently and selectively engage and inhibit the MTH1 protein in cells. Protein co-crystal structures demonstrate that the inhibitors bindin the active site of MTH1. The inhibitors cause incorporation of oxidized dNTPs in cancer cells, leading to DNA damage, cytotoxicity and therapeutic responses in patient-derived mouse xenografts. This study exemplifies the non-oncogene addiction concept for anticancer treatment and validates MTH1 as being cancer phenotypic lethal.
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| 7. |
- Halford, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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A population-based study of nearly 15 000 observations among Swedish women and men during 1973-2003
- 2012
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 2:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Global self-rated health (SRH) has become extensively used as an outcome measure in population health surveillance. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of age and secular trend (year of investigation) on SRH.Design Prospective cohort study, using population-based data from eight ongoing cohort studies, with sampling performed between 1973 and 2003.Setting Sweden.Participants 11 880 women and men, aged 25–99 years, providing 14 470 observations.Primary outcome measure Global SRH.Results In multiple ordinal logistic regression analyses, adjusted for the effects of covariates, there were independent effects of age (p<0.0001) and of year of investigation (p<0.0001) on SRH. In women the association was linear, showing lower levels of SRH with increased age, and more recent year of investigation. In men the association was curvilinear, and thus more complex. The final model explained 76.2% of the SRH variance in women and 74.5% of the variance in men.Conclusions SRH was strongly and inversely associated with age in both sexes, after adjustment for other outcome-affecting variables. There was a strongly significant effect of year of investigation indicating a change in SRH, in women towards lower levels over calendar time, in men with fluctuations across time.
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| 8. |
- Halford, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of self-rated health on sick leave, disability pension, hospital admissions and mortality. A population-based longitudinal study of nearly 15,000 observations among Swedish women and men.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: BMC public health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple global self-ratings of health (SRH) have become increasingly used in national and international public health monitoring, and in recent decades recommended as a standard part of health surveys. Monitoring developments in population health requires identification and use of health measures, valid in relation to targets for population health. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between SRH and sick leave, disability pension, hospital admissions, and mortality, adjusted for effects of significant covariates, in a large population-based cohort. The analyses were based on screening data from eight population-based cohorts in southern and central Sweden, and on official register data regarding sick-leave, disability pension, hospital admissions, and death, with little or no data loss. Sampling was performed 1973-2003. The study population consisted of 11,880 women and men, age 25-99 years, providing 14,470 observations. Information on SRH, socio-demographic data, lifestyle variables and somatic and psychological symptoms were obtained from questionnaires. There was a significant negative association between SRH and sick leave (Beta -13.2, p<0.0001, and -9.5, p<0.01, in women and men, respectively), disability pension (Hazard ratio 0.77, p<0.0001 and 0.76, p<0.0001, in women and men, respectively), and mortality, adjusted for covariates. SRH was also significantly associated with hospital admissions in men (Hazard ratio 0.87, p<0.0001), but not in women (Hazard ratio 0.96, p0.20). Associations between SRH on the one hand, and sick leave, disability pension, hospital admission, and mortality, on the other, were robust during the follow-up period. SRH had strong predictive validity in relation to use of social insurance facilities and health care services, and to mortality. Associations were strong and robust during follow-up.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Språk och hjärna
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 225-241
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Språk och hjärna
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
- Lagerkvist, Anna-Lena, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Obstetric brachial plexus palsy: a prospective, population-based study of incidence, recovery, and residual impairment at 18 months of age.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Dev Med Child Neurol. - : Wiley. - 1469-8749 .- 0012-1622. ; 52:6, s. 529-34
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The aim of this investigation was to study the incidence of obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP), to prospectively follow the recovery process, to assess the functional outcome at 18 months of age, and to find early prognostic indicators. Method Of the 38 749 children born between 1999 and 2001 in western Sweden, 114 (70 males, 44 females) had an OBPP. Ninety-eight children were examined on six occasions at up to 18 months of age. Muscle strength, range of motion, hand preference, and functional abilities were noted, and the severity of the OBPP was classified. Results The incidence of OBPP was 2.9 per 1000 live births, and the incidence of persisting OBPP was 0.46 per 1000. At 3 months of age, the predictive value of regained elbow flexion for complete recovery was 100%, 99% of shoulder external rotation, and 96% of forearm supination. Most of the 18 children with persisting OBPP could perform functional activities but asymmetries were noted. Five children had a mild, 11 had a moderate, and two had a severe impairment. Three had undergone nerve surgery, one with a mild and two with a severe persisting impairment. Interpretation Most children with an OBPP recover completely. Muscle strength at 3 months of age can be used to predict outcome.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Heart rate variability in children with fontan circulation : lateral tunnel and extracardiac conduit
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Cardiology. - New York : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 33:2, s. 307-315
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The technique in Fontan surgery has developed from the lateral tunnel (LT) toward the extracardiac conduit (EC) used to reduce long-term complications such as atrial arrhythmia and sinus node dysfunction. Heart rate variability (HRV) examines cardiac nervous activity controlling the sinus node. This study aimed to investigate HRV in a cohort of children with univentricular hearts, focusing on the relation between HRV and surgical procedure. For 112 children with Fontan circulation, HRV was analyzed using power spectral analysis. Spectral power was determined in three regions: very-low-frequency (VLF), low-frequency (LF), and high-frequency (HF) regions. Patients were compared with 66 healthy controls subject. Patients with LT were compared with patients who had EC. The children with Fontan circulation showed a significantly reduced HRV including total power (P < 0.0001), VLF (P < 0.0001), LF (P < 0.0001), and HF (P = 0.001) compared with the control subjects. The LT and EC patients did not differ significantly. Reduced HRV was found in both the LT and EC patients. In terms of HRV reduction, EC was not superior to LT.
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| 14. |
- Andrén, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Att lära sig språk
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144083391
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 15. |
- Armulik, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Pericytes regulate the blood-brain barrier
- 2010
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Ingår i: NATURE. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 468:7323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 16. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
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| 17. |
- Barlind, Jonas G, et al.
(författare)
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Design and optimization of pyrazinecarboxamide-based inhibitors of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) leading to a clinical candidate dimethylpyrazinecarboxamide phenylcyclohexylacetic acid (AZD7687)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 55:23, s. 10610-10629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new series of pyrazinecarboxamide DGAT1 inhibitors was designed to address the need for a candidate drug with good potency, selectivity, and physical and DMPK properties combined with a low predicted dose in man. Rational design and optimization of this series led to the discovery of compound 30 (AZD7687), which met the project objectives for potency, selectivity, in particular over ACAT1, solubility, and preclinical PK profiles. This compound showed the anticipated excellent pharmacokinetic properties in human volunteers.
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| 18. |
- Beronius, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of study design and sex-differences on results from developmental neurotoxicity studies of bisphenol A, implications for toxicity testing
- 2013
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Ingår i: Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-483X .- 1879-3185. ; 311:1-2, s. 13-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) of bisphenol A (BPA) has been investigated in a large number of studies. However, there are discrepancies in the results reported between the studies. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze factors that may contribute to these differences and to assess whether there are sex-differences in the sensitivity of certain endpoints or tests used in DNT-studies. Forty-four DNT studies of BPA were identified from the open literature. Details about study design and results from each study, as well as the criteria for DNT testing according to the standardized OECD test guideline (TG) 426, were collected in a database. This enabled systematic and detailed comparisons between studies as well as to the criteria and recommendations stated in TG 426. Multivariate analyses were also used to investigate how different factors of the study design contributed to differences in study results. The analyses showed behavioral effects were often observed for endpoints that are not required according to OECD TG 426, such as anxiety-related, social and sexual behaviors, especially at very low doses and in female offspring. On the other hand relatively few studies observed any effects on motor activity, which is commonly used in screening for neurotoxic effects in regulatory testing. However, varied and to some extent seemingly contradictory results have been reported in these studies, especially for endpoints related to motor activity and anxiety and exploration. Many studies were also poorly reported, limiting these analyses. No strong conclusions could be drawn from the multivariate analyses. A few factors of study design, such as the size of the dose and number of dose levels used and the use of litter or individual pup as statistical unit seemed to have some influence on study results. In conclusion, this analysis suggests that DNT-studies conducted according to the standardized OECD TG 426 may overlook sensitive effects of BPA, and possibly other potential endocrine disruptors, especially in female offspring.
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| 19. |
- Björk, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of sun holiday, diet habits, origin and other factors as determinants of vitamin D status in Swedish primary health care patients : a cross-sectional study with regression analysis of ethnic Swedish and immigrant women
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMC Family Practice. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2296. ; 14, s. 129-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundDeterminants of vitamin D status measured as 25-OH-vitamin D in blood are exposure to sunlight and intake of vitamin D through food and supplements. It is unclear how large the contributions are from these determinants in Swedish primary care patients, considering the low radiation of UVB in Sweden and the fortification of some foods. Asian and African immigrants in Norway and Denmark have been found to have very low levels, but it is not clear whether the same applies to Swedish patients. The purpose of our study was to identify contributors to vitamin D status in Swedish women attending a primary health care centre at latitude 60°N in Sweden.MethodsIn this cross-sectional, observational study, 61 female patients were consecutively recruited between January and March 2009, irrespective of reason for attending the clinic. The women were interviewed about their sun habits, smoking, education and food intake at a personal appointment and blood samples were drawn for measurements of vitamin D and calcium concentrations.ResultsPlasma concentration of 25-OH-vitamin D below 25 nmol/L was found in 61% (19/31) of immigrant and 7% (2/30) of native women. Multivariate analysis showed that reported sun holiday of one week during the last year at latitude below 40°N with the purpose of sun-bathing and native origin, were significantly, independently and positively associated with 25-OH-vitamin D concentrations in plasma with the strongest association for sun holiday during the past year.ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency was common among the women in the present study, with sun holiday and origin as main determinants of 25-OH-vitamin D concentrations in plasma. Given a negative effect on health this would imply needs for vitamin D treatment particularly in women with immigrant background who have moved from lower to higher latitudes.Keywords: Vitamin D; Sun habits; Immigrant; Women; Primary health care
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Bok, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Mould growth in attics and crawlspaces
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 9th Nordic Symposium on Building Physic, NSB 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 22. |
- Borin, Lars, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Search Result Diversification Methods to Assist Lexicographers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 6th Linguistic Annotation Workshop. ; , s. 113-117
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show how the lexicographic task of finding informative and diverse example sentences can be cast as a search result diversification problem, where an objective based on relevance and diversity is maximized. This problem has been studied intensively in the information retrieval community during recent years, and efficient algorithms have been devised. We finally show how the approach has been implemented in a lexicographic project, and describe the relevance and diversity functions used in that context.
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| 23. |
- Bratt, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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The Study of Active Monitoring in Sweden (SAMS) : A randomized study comparing two different follow-up schedules for active surveillance of low-risk prostate cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 47:5, s. 347-355
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Only a minority of patients with low-risk prostate cancer needs treatment, but the methods for optimal selection of patients for treatment are not established. This article describes the Study of Active Monitoring in Sweden (SAMS), which aims to improve those methods. Material and methods. SAMS is a prospective, multicentre study of active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer. It consists of a randomized part comparing standard rebiopsy and follow-up with an extensive initial rebiopsy coupled with less intensive follow-up and no further scheduled biopsies (SAMS-FU), as well as an observational part (SAMS-ObsQoL). Quality of life is assessed with questionnaires and compared with patients receiving primary curative treatment. SAMS-FU is planned to randomize 500 patients and SAMS-ObsQoL to include at least 500 patients during 5 years. The primary endpoint is conversion to active treatment. The secondary endpoints include symptoms, distant metastases and mortality. All patients will be followed for 10-15 years. Results. Inclusion started in October 2011. In March 2013, 148 patients were included at 13 Swedish urological centres. Conclusions. It is hoped that the results of SAMS will contribute to fewer patients with indolent, low-risk prostate cancer receiving unnecessary treatment and more patients on active surveillance who need treatment receiving it when the disease is still curable. The less intensive investigational follow-up in the SAMS-FU trial would reduce the healthcare resources allocated to this large group of patients if it replaced the present standard schedule.
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| 24. |
- Carlsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Concomitant Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Measurements of Rat Insulin, Rat C-Peptide, and Rat Proinsulin from Rat Pancreatic Islets : Effects of Prolonged Exposure to Different Glucose Concentrations
- 2010
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 151:10, s. 5048-5052
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Until now, there have been few assays to measure C-peptide and proinsulin in the rat. We used a well-established rat insulin ELISA and validated two novel ELISAs for rat C-peptide and rat/mouse proinsulin to examine secretion and content of insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide from rat islets cultured for 72 h at different glucose concentrations in culture medium. To examine long-term effects in vitro rather than short-term effects of exposure to low, normal, and high glucose, the exposure time to the different glucose concentrations was set to 72 h. The measurement uncertainty of the values obtainable from the ELISAs was determined by calculation of the variation pattern from the intraassay variation generated by unknown samples, and repeatability was determined by analysis of controls. The precision study and the analysis of controls confirm that the validated ELISAs for rat C-peptide and proinsulin would be useful for further studies on the effects of preculture in different glucose concentrations. The higher the glucose concentration used during the 72-h culture period of rat islets, the higher insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin values were obtained in a subsequent short-term glucose-challenge experiment. The proportion of proinsulin to insulin secreted increased, as did islet content, with increasing glucose concentration during preculture. We also observed a nonequimolar, glucose-dependent secretion and content of rat insulin over rat C-peptide after culture at 11.1 and 28 mM glucose.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Davidsson, Kent, et al.
(författare)
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Sotningsmetoder för pannor som använder besvärliga bbränslen
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Erfarenheter samt finansierings- och driftkostnader har tagits fram för en radsotningsmetoder.Resultatet visar att av de studerade anläggningarna finns det ingen metod som generelltbara fungerar bra, eller generellt inte fungerar alls. Alla har sina för och nackdelar ochfungerar olika bra på olika pannor. Kostnadsmässigt är det också stor spridning men detberor delvis på ett ganska litet underlag. I vissa fall blir kostnaderna väldigt höga ombristande funktion leder till mycket stilleståndstid eller att man exempelvis får minskalasten under sotningssekvensen, medan det i andra fall är relativt låga kostnader församma metod.Ett trettiotal anläggningar av rost- och fluidbäddtyp, vilka eldades med avfall ellerbiobränsle har ingått i undersökningen.
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| 27. |
- Eckardt, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term frozen storage of wheat bread and dough : Effect of time, temperature and fibre on sensory quality, microstructure and state of water
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Cereal Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0733-5210 .- 1095-9963. ; 57:1, s. 125-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to determine effect of storage time, storage temperature and addition of fibre on sensory quality, state of water, microstructure and texture of bread and dough. Samples with and without fibre, were stored frozen for 2, 3.5 and 6 months at temperatures of -19, -16 and -8 °C as dough and bread. Sensory quality was evaluated by a trained analytical panel. Microstructure was analysed by light microscopy. Texture measurements were performed on bread, and the state of water was measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Bread without fibre stored as dough at -19 °C was the sample most like freshly baked bread. Sensory evaluation also confirmed that quality of the final bread was improved if samples were stored as dough compared to stored as bread. The microstructure had larger gaps between the starch and gluten phases when stored at warmer temperatures, due to retrogradation of starch, dehydration of gluten and water migration. DSC measurements showed that bread stored at -19 °C gained extra amount of freezable water, but lost ice after storage at -8 °C. Texture measurements showed that firmness increased with extended storage time. Bread stored at -8 °C had lowest quality in all measurements.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Eliasson, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Att sluta med idrott : En analys av avslutsprocessen och varför flickor slutar spela innebandy
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many girls and boys quit sport in their teens. The reasons for this has eluded scientists and sports organizations for many years. This study was performed on behalf of the Swedish Floorball Association with the aim to understand why girls quit floorball during their teenage years and to increase knowledge about what sportclubs can do to prevent girls from quitting. Special focus was directed towards the disengagement process which the girls undergoes when they take the decision to quit their sport participation. The study is based on data from 24 semi-structured interviews with 12 girls aged 13-18 years (n=12) and with one parent from each of the girls (n=12). The results showed that the disengagement process can take from a few months up to two years before the girl takes the final decision. A combination of different factors was found as the most common main reason to quit, and six salient factors were identified as crucial for the decision. The observed critical factors was; an increased focus on sport performance and results, changes in the team's formation, new coaches and changes in the coach's attitudes, interest in any other activity or sport, lack of time and high demands on themselves. Often a girl had quit due to a combination of three to four of these factors. The results indicated that the critical factors connected to the girls' decision often was related to changes from the way it was earlier in younger years. Furthermore, the results showed that parents were involved in the girls’ disengagement process, while representatives from the sport clubs were almost absent. Therefore, the representatives of sportclubs have limited knowledge about who the girls are and why they are thinking about quitting the sport. This means representatives are less able to adopt accurate strategies or to implement appropriate interventions to reduce the drop-out rate. One message to the sport organisations is therefore to develop strategies for dealing with the members’ thoughts and feelings about their sport participation and be especially aware of how changes in sport, in a combination with other critical factors, may affect the athletes´.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Gioti, Anastasia, et al.
(författare)
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Genomic Insights into the Atopic Eczema-Associated Skin Commensal Yeast Malassezia sympodialis
- 2013
-
Ingår i: mBio. - 2161-2129 .- 2150-7511. ; 4:1, s. e00572-12-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Malassezia commensal yeasts are associated with a number of skin disorders, such as atopic eczema/dermatitis and dandruff, and they also can cause systemic infections. Here we describe the 7.67-Mbp genome of Malassezia sympodialis, a species associated with atopic eczema, and contrast its genome repertoire with that of Malassezia globosa, associated with dandruff, as well as those of other closely related fungi. Ninety percent of the predicted M. sympodialis protein coding genes were experimentally verified by mass spectrometry at the protein level. We identified a relatively limited number of genes related to lipid biosynthesis, and both species lack the fatty acid synthase gene, in line with the known requirement of these yeasts to assimilate lipids from the host. Malassezia species do not appear to have many cell wall-localized glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) proteins and lack other cell wall proteins previously identified in other fungi. This is surprising given that in other fungi these proteins have been shown to mediate interactions (e. g., adhesion and biofilm formation) with the host. The genome revealed a complex evolutionary history for an allergen of unknown function, Mala s 7, shown to be encoded by a member of an amplified gene family of secreted proteins. Based on genetic and biochemical studies with the basidiomycete human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, we characterized the allergen Mala s 6 as the cytoplasmic cyclophilin A. We further present evidence that M. sympodialis may have the capacity to undergo sexual reproduction and present a model for a pseudobipolar mating system that allows limited recombination between two linked MAT loci. IMPORTANCE Malassezia commensal yeasts are associated with a number of skin disorders. The previously published genome of M. globosa provided some of the first insights into Malassezia biology and its involvement in dandruff. Here, we present the genome of M. sympodialis, frequently isolated from patients with atopic eczema and healthy individuals. We combined comparative genomics with sequencing and functional characterization of specific genes in a population of clinical isolates and in closely related model systems. Our analyses provide insights into the evolution of allergens related to atopic eczema and the evolutionary trajectory of the machinery for sexual reproduction and meiosis. We hypothesize that M. sympodialis may undergo sexual reproduction, which has important implications for the understanding of the life cycle and virulence potential of this medically important yeast. Our findings provide a foundation for the development of genetic and genomic tools to elucidate host-microbe interactions that occur on the skin and to identify potential therapeutic targets.
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| 35. |
- Göransson, Gert, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of pulse plated Ni and Ni-Zn alloys.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of the Electrochemical Society. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 0013-4651 .- 1945-7111. ; 161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nickel, zinc and nickel-rich NiZn alloys were formed on platinum by galvanostatic pulse plating from aqueous sulfate baths. The alloys were formed in three steps, first in anomalous deposition by a current pulse, secondly by dissolution and oxidation during the open circuit potential in each cycle and finally by anodic stripping of the fully plated sample. The treatment leaves a stable phase with an alloy composition of Ni0.8Zn0.2. The potential-time curves during the plating procedure were used to qualitatively describe the nucleation and growth processes. For Zn a fully covered surface was obtained after one pulse while for Ni and NiZn three-dimensional clusters were obtained in the first pulse. Further growth of these layers involves nucleation on the substrate and deposited clusters. The films were characterized with optical microscopy, SEM/EDX, AFM, XPS, TEM and by electrochemical methods. XPS revealed that the surfaces become gently oxidized by the stripping in the plating solution. For Ni a bi-layer of NiO/Ni(OH)2 was found on the surface while for NiZn mainly the hydroxide was detected. The electrocatalytic properties of the layers toward oxygen reduction in alkaline solution were explored and the NiZn alloy was proven to be an excellent catalyst for hydrogen peroxide production.
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| 36. |
- Hallberg, Annika, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Beauty is in the Eye of the Beholder - A Conceptual Framework of Added Values of Food Products
- 2013
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Ingår i: Eurasian Journal of Social Sciences. - 2148-0214. ; 1:1, s. 39-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much has been written about the strategic importance of added value as a means for achieving competitive advantage, but little attention has been paid to the meaning of the term “added value”. Numerous messages about added values of food products are communicated by and to different actors, values such as convenience regarding fast-food, luxury regarding meals, products without chemical additives, health, quality, taste, what the package looks like, exclusiveness, tradition/story-telling/, and many others. Food producers, wholesalers, retailers, and end-consumers constitute some of these actors. However, the concept of added value and the relationships between the different aspects are unclear and illusive. There is a need to explore as well as clarify definitions and dimensions. Therefore, the aim of this article is to develop a conceptual framework which explores definitions and discussions associated with added values of food products. Traditionally, the literature has made strict and categorical distinctions between core values and added values. However, we stress that this traditional view needs to be challenged. For food products we argue that core values cannot be clearly distinguished from added values. We argue that not only the end consumer but all actors involved in the supply chain contribute to the overall realization of the added value, i.e. all actors must perceive, appreciate, value and realize the added value. Only then may the added value result in willingness to purchase the products, increased market share or strengthened position at different markets.
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| 37. |
- Hedenmalm, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Prematurely ended phase III trials in Sweden during the years 2002-2008
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 67:9, s. 869-875
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify prematurely ended phase III clinical trials (CTs) and the proportion of such trials among all phase III CTs, review the reasons for the premature discontinuation of the CT, determine whether a data monitoring committee (DMC) was involved in this decision-making process, identify the data source on which the decision was based and review the consequences of the premature ending for product development. An additional aim was to identify risk factors for a premature ending. Prematurely ended phase III CTs in Sweden between 2002 and 2008 were identified by database searches. Identified trials were reviewed for treatment tested, study design, reasons for the premature ending, data source on which the decision was based and existence of and recommendation from a DMC. Three randomly selected but not prematurely ended control trials were identified, starting 1 May 2004, that were matched on the basis of application year. A total of 84 phase III CT applications (8%) were prematurely ended during the study period. Most trials were ended due to safety and/or efficacy concerns. A DMC was more common among trials in which mortality was the primary endpoint and oncology trials. A recommendation from the DMC to terminate the trial was most likely in the case of combined safety- and efficacy-related issues arising from within the trial. Possible risk factors for a premature ending included mortality as an endpoint, obesity as an indication and a longer than planned study duration. Approximately 30% of prematurely ended trials with active substances that did not have a marketing authorization at the time of the clinical trial application resulted in the discontinuation of further development of the substance. The DMCs in the phase III CTs reviewed here were used in accordance with guidelines. The use of DMCs was associated with possible risk factors for a premature ending and numerically, but not significantly associated with a premature ending.
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| 38. |
- Hemström, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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Ackumulering av metaller i vegetation på geotekniska askkonstruktioner
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det övergripande syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur användning av askor i ett långtidsperspektiv påverkar omgivande djur- och växtliv med avseende på ackumulation av metaller i ekosystem via växtupptag och exponering för betande djur. Studien innefattade en fält- och en odlingsstudie. I fältstudien studerades ackumulation av metaller och metalloider i blad från träd och buskar som självetablerat och växt under längre tid i äldre försöksuppställningar (lysimetrar) med aska. Dels i två olika åldrade slaggrus från avfallsförbränning och dels i åldrad aska från förbränning av biobränsle (grenar och toppar, GROT) och impregnerat returträ (RT), benämnd GROT/RT-aska. I odlingsstudien studerades ackumulationen av metaller och metalloider i engelskt rajgräs från askor och referensmaterial under en växtsäsong. Referensmaterial i odlingsstudien var två vanliga geotekniska material; bergkross och schaktmassa, och i fältstudien blad från träd och buskar i lysimetrarnas närområde. Samtliga studerade askor var åldrade; 5-24 år.Sammanfattningsvis visar studien på vikten av att ta hänsyn till damning och partikelkontaminering som exponeringsväg vid askanvändning. Vidare visar studien att åldrat slaggrus inte ger upphov till betydande förhöjda halter i blad från buskar och träd som självetablerat i sådant material eller i gräs från slaggrus som blandats med enhetsjord (50 vikt-%). Slutligen visade studien att de generella ackumuleringsfaktorer för upptag till växter som används i Naturvårdsverkets Handbok 2010:1 inte är lämpliga att använda i samband med riskbedömning av askor.
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| 39. |
- Hermann, Silke, et al.
(författare)
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The association of education with body mass index and waist circumference in the EPIC-PANACEA study
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 11:1, s. 169-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of education with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).METHOD: This study included 141,230 male and 336,637 female EPIC-participants, who were recruited between 1992 and 2000. Education, which was assessed by questionnaire, was classified into four categories; BMI and WC, measured by trained personnel in most participating centers, were modeled as continuous dependent variables. Associations were estimated using multilevel mixed effects linear regression models.RESULTS: Compared with the lowest education level, BMI and WC were significantly lower for all three higher education categories, which was consistent for all countries. Women with university degree had a 2.1 kg/m2 lower BMI compared with women with lowest education level. For men, a statistically significant, but less pronounced difference was observed (1.3 kg/m2). The association between WC and education level was also of greater magnitude for women: compared with the lowest education level, average WC of women was lower by 5.2 cm for women in the highest category. For men the difference was 2.9 cm.CONCLUSION: In this European cohort, there is an inverse association between higher BMI as well as higher WC and lower education level. Public Health Programs that aim to reduce overweight and obesity should primarily focus on the lower educated population.
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| 40. |
- Hildingsson, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with a positive birth experience : An exploration of Swedish women‘s experiences
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Childbirth. - : Springer Publishing Company. - 2156-5287 .- 2156-5295. ; 3:3, s. 153-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The birth of a baby is a powerful life event that has implications for a woman's wellbeing and future health. A positive birth experience promotes a sense of achievement, enhances feeling of self-worth, and facilitates confidence—all of which are important for a healthy adaptation to motherhood and psychological growth. Understanding what constitutes a positive birth experience is critical to providing maternity care that meets childbearing women's individual needs, preferences, and priorities. OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence of Swedish women reporting a very positive birth experience 2 months and 1 year after childbirth and identify factors associated with this experience. In addition, the study aimed to identify whether women's assessment of their birth experience changed over time. METHOD: A prospective, longitudinal study where the main outcome variable was perceptions of a very positive birth experience. The study was undertaken in a Northern region of Sweden in 2007. Women were recruited at their ultrasound examination in midpregnancy. Data was collected via questionnaires. There were 928 women who responded to questions about their birth experience at 2 months postpartum. Nearly 83% of these women (n = 763) also completed the questionnaire package 1 year after birth. Descriptive statistics were used together with Friedman's test to detect changes over time. Logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal which factors contributed most to a very positive birth experience. RESULT: More than a third of the women reported a very positive birth experience. Women's assessment of birth changed over time with 22% of the women becoming more positive and 15% more negative. Important associated factors for a very positive birth experience included positive feelings about the approaching birth as well as feeling in control, using no or only cognitive forms of pain management, and achieving a spontaneous vaginal birth. Furthermore, how women rated their midwifery care was also shown to affect their assessment of their birth experience. CONCLUSION: This study found that women's birth experiences changed over time and most becoming more positive after 1 year. Factors associated with a very positive birth experience were related to women's prenatal attitudes, intrapartum procedures, pain relief used, and care received during labor and birth. Respectful individualized midwifery care that remains focused on the woman and keeping birth normal increases positive perceptions of the birth experience.
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| 41. |
- Hoa, Dinh Thi Phuong, et al.
(författare)
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Sex of newborns associated with place and mode of delivery : a population-based study in northern Vietnam
- 2012
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Ingår i: Gender Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1550-8579 .- 1878-7398. ; 9:6, s. 418-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence of an elevated sex ratio at birth (SRB) in many Asian countries, including Vietnam, and that this prenatal gender inequity is related to sex-selective abortion. However, few studies have investigated the relation between the sex of offspring and delivery care utilization.OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to relate sex of newborns to place and mode of delivery in a province in northern Vietnam.METHODS: A population-based surveillance system within the Neonatal Health-Knowledge Into Practice (NeoKIP) project (ISRCTN44599712) recorded all births within eight districts of Quang Ninh province in northern Vietnam from July 2008 to June 2011.RESULTS: In total, there were 22,377 live births within the study area. SRB was 108 boys per 100 girls. There was a large difference in SRB depending on place of delivery, with 94 boys per 100 girls being delivered at home, whereas 113 boys per 100 girls were delivered at a district-level hospital. Cesarean section (CS) rate was 17%, and within the CS group, the SRB was 135:100.CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated an elevated SRB, especially at district hospital level, and that sex of offspring influenced place and mode of delivery. Although mothers to boys were more likely to receive more qualified delivery care, they were at the same time more likely to undergo unnecessary surgery. Correct information to women and family members about CS and stricter implementation of the medical indications for CS are urgently called for.
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| 42. |
- Hoggart, Clive, et al.
(författare)
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A Risk Model for Lung Cancer Incidence
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cancer Prevention Research. - Philadelphia : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1940-6207 .- 1940-6215. ; 5:6, s. 834-846
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risk models for lung cancer incidence would be useful for prioritising individuals for screening and participation in clinical trials of chemoprevention. We present a risk model for lung cancer built using prospective cohort data from a general population which predicts individual incidence in a given time period.We build separate risk models for current and former smokers utilising 169,035 ever smokers from the multicentre European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and considered a model for never smokers. The data set was split into independent training and test sets. Lung cancer incidence was modelled using survival analysis, stratifying by age started smoking, and for former smokers, also smoking duration. Other risk factors considered were smoking intensity, ten occupational/environmental exposures previously implicated with lung cancer, and SNPs at two loci identified by genome-wide association studies of lung cancer. Individual risk in the test set was measured by the predicted probability of lung cancer incidence in the year preceding last follow-up time, predictive accuracy was measured by the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC).Utilising smoking information alone gave good predictive accuracy: the AUC and 95% confidence interval in ever smokers was 0.843 (0.810, 0.875), the Bach model applied to the same data gave an AUC of 0.775 (0.737, 0.813). Other risk factors had negligible effect on the AUC, including never smokers for whom prediction was poor.Our model is generalisable and straightforward to implement. Its accuracy can be attributed to its modelling of lifetime exposure to smoking.
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| 43. |
- Høyer, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life among women with breast cancer : a population-based study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 50:7, s. 1015-1026
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: High incidence rates of breast cancer emphasize the importance of increased knowledge about the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in this patient group. The aim of the present study was to describe and compare HRQoL among breast cancer patients shortly after diagnosis with normative data from the general population, and to investigate how clinical, demographic, and socio-economic factors and social support are associated with HRQoL. Material and methods:Participants were identified in a population-based Breast Cancer Quality Register in central Sweden. Of 1573 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer during a one-year period (2007 – 2008), 69% (n =1086) completed a questionnaire including the EORTC QLQ-C30, BR23 and the HADS.Results: Compared to age-adjusted normative data, breast cancer patients (mean age 62 years, range 25–94), especially younger women (<50 years), experienced clinically meaningful poorer HRQoL. Clinically significant levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms were found among 14% and 6% of the patients, respectively. Factors associated with more problems/symptoms among study participants included chemotherapy, lack of social support, sick leave and a poor financial situation. Adding socio-economic factors diminished the association between age and HRQoL (p > 0.05).Conclusion:Recently diagnosed breast cancer patients reported poorer HRQoL in several dimensions compared to normative data. In addition to clinical and demographic factors, an unfavorable socio-economic standing was associated with more problems/symptoms. The present findings emphasize the importance of taking a variety of factors into account when assessing HRQoL in the clinical setting.
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| 44. |
- Isaksson, Tord, et al.
(författare)
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Critical conditions for onset of mould growth under varying climate conditions
- 2010
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Ingår i: Building and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-684X .- 0360-1323. ; 45:7, s. 1712-1721
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A performance-based service life design format based on climatic exposure on one hand and "resistance" of materials against mould growth on the other hand, is presented in this paper. A limit state for onset of mould growth is defined as the occurrence of traces of mould observed by microscopy. A dose-response model is proposed by which onset of mould growth can be predicted for an arbitrary climate history of combined relative humidity phi and temperature T. The model is calibrated and verified against a comprehensive set of experimental data published by Viitanen et al. [Viitanen H, Ritschkoff A-C. Mould growth in pine and spruce sapwood in relation to air humidity and temperature. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Forest Products; 1991. Report No. 221, 49 p.: Viitanen H. Modelling the time factor in the development of mould fungi - effect of critical humidity and temperature conditions in pine and spruce sapwood. Holzforschung 1997;51(1):6-14; Viitanen H. Modelling the time factor in the development of brown rot decay in pine and spruce sapwood - the effect of critical humidity and temperature conditions. Holzforschung 1997:51(2):99-106; Viitanen H. Bjurman J. Mould growth on wood under fluctuating humidity conditions. Material und Organismen 1995;29(1):27-46] describing mould development on spruce and pine sapwood as a function of climatic exposure. The model is applied to predict time to onset of mould growth under natural outdoor climate (under shelter) as well as mould development in building attics and in crawl space foundations. The predicted response shows reasonable agreement with experimental observations and proven experience, although biological processes of this type display great variability. The results show that a generally applicable, quantitative model can be used as a powerful tool for moisture safe design in practice. The model is designed to facilitate continuous improvement of prediction capability by further laboratory testing of various materials under specified climate conditions. In combination with currently available building physics software the model is suitable for moisture safe design of wood-based components in the building envelope. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 45. |
- Jern, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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A Study of Possible Associations Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Serotonin Receptor 1A, 1B, and 2C Genes and Self-Reported Ejaculation Latency Time
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1743-6109 .- 1743-6095. ; 9:3, s. 866-872
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. Previous research has indicated that serotonergic genes may influence ejaculatory function. Attempts to investigate effects of polymorphisms in serotonergic genes have been carried out, but so far, no study has conducted exploratory genotype analyses regarding the serotonin receptor 1A, 1B, and 2C subtypes, which have been hypothesized to mediate the inhibitory effects of serotonin on ejaculation in rodents. Aim. The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of a total of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in genes encoding serotonin receptor subtypes 1A, 1B, and 2C on self-reported ejaculation latency time. Methods. A retrospective self-report measure of ejaculation latency time was used to investigate ejaculatory function in a population-based sample of 1,399 male twins. DNA was collected using self-administered saliva sampling. Main Outcome Measure. Calculations of allelic effects were conducted using the Generalized Estimating Equations module of PASW 18.0, which appropriately controls for between-subjects dependence. Results. Out of six investigated polymorphisms, two SNPs (both serotonin receptor 5-HT(1B) linked) had a significant main effect on ejaculation latency time. Of these, one (rs11568817) remained significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, indicating that individuals homozygous for the G allele had significantly shorter ejaculation latencies. Conclusions. The results of this study support the hypothesis that serotonergic genes play a role in ejaculatory function in the general population. Replication of the results of the present study is warranted. Jern P, Westberg L, Johansson A, Gunst A, Eriksson E, Sandnabba K, and Santtila P. A study of possible associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the serotonin receptor 1A, 1B, and 2C genes and self-reported ejaculation latency time. J Sex Med **;**:**-**.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Johansson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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A five-year follow-up study of Swedish adults with gender identity disorder
- 2010
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Ingår i: Archives of Sexual Behavior. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0004-0002 .- 1573-2800. ; 39:6, s. 1429-1437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This follow-up study evaluated the outcome of sex reassignment as viewed by both clinicians and patients, with an additional focus on the outcome based on sex and subgroups. Of a total of 60 patients approved for sex reassignment, 42 (25 male-to-female [MF] and 17 female-to-male [FM]) transsexuals completed a follow-up assessment after 5 or more years in the process or 2 or more years after completed sex reassignment surgery. Twenty-six (62%) patients had an early onset and 16 (38%) patients had a late onset; 29 (69%) patients had a homosexual sexual orientation and 13 (31%) patients had a non-homosexual sexual orientation (relative to biological sex). At index and follow-up, a semi-structured interview was conducted. At follow-up, 32 patients had completed sex reassignment surgery, five were still in process, and five-following their own decision-had abstained from genital surgery. No one regretted their reassignment. The clinicians rated the global outcome as favorable in 62% of the cases, compared to 95% according to the patients themselves, with no differences between the subgroups. Based on the follow-up interview, more than 90% were stable or improved as regards work situation, partner relations, and sex life, but 5-15% were dissatisfied with the hormonal treatment, results of surgery, total sex reassignment procedure, or their present general health. Most outcome measures were rated positive and substantially equal for MF and FM. Late-onset transsexuals differed from those with early onset in some respects: these were mainly MF (88 vs. 42%), older when applying for sex reassignment (42 vs. 28 years), and non-homosexually oriented (56 vs. 15%). In conclusion, almost all patients were satisfied with the sex reassignment; 86% were assessed by clinicians at follow-up as stable or improved in global functioning.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Johansson, Annika, 1967-
(författare)
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Deciding who is the best : Validity issues in selections and judgements in elite sport
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is about selection processes and processes of measuring and judging athletes in competitions in top-level sport. The purpose was to increase the knowledge of these processes and to analyse them from a validity perspective in order to contribute to the discussion of whether the “right” athletes are selected to participate in teams, competitions and games and whether the “right” athletes win. The rule and judging systems were investigated in the judged sports acroski and rhythmic gymnastics. Information was gathered through individual interviews with two judges, two coaches, and four elite athletes from each of the sports, and in addition to this the respective sport’s rule systems, judging manuals, meeting protocols and historical documents were studied. Selections to top-level sport teams were investigated by individual interviews with 14 top-level coaches (selectors) from the national league in soccer and a national team and from national teams in alpine skiing. The results from the judging study showed that both studied sports had undergone major changes in their rule and judging regulations, changes that had a considerable impact on the sports and the judgements. The level of definition of the rules and regulations was raised to increase the opportunities for clear and reliable judgements, but this became problematic for the overall validity of the judgements. The reason for this was that the new rules and regulations did not clearly correspond to the original idea of the sport, since the specified and detailed regulations lead to less originality and freedom in the performances. In the selection study, the results pointed to great differences in how precisely defined the selection criteria were among the teams. The selectors stated that well-defined selection criteria or grounds could be helpful in many ways, but they also emphasised how important it was for them that some parts of the selections were based on their subjective valuations of the athletes. Quite a few coaches from both sports argued that they would choose an athlete with good behaviour and favourable personality over an athlete with better sports skills, if they had an opportunity to do that depending on the selection system that was used. Overall, this research displays how validity issues connected to the selection and judging criteria and these processes might affect the outcome of the processes. It is notable that high reliability is in the main focus of the measuring and judging processes, while considerably vaguer and more subjective assessments are considered important in the selection process. The thesis points to the importance of discussing and understanding the consequences of rules, rule changes, selection and judging criteria as well as how these processes are performed, if the desired outcomes and consequences of the selection and judging processes are to be reached.
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| 50. |
- Johansson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Distriktssköterskors erfarenhet av informationen kring pandemin A(H1N1), 2009 = District nurses experiences of the information concerning the pandemic a(HINI), 2009
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - London : Sage Publications. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 32:3, s. 4-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore district nurses' experiences of information received from the employer and communicated to patients in the context of the pandemic A(H1N1).Background: Dissemination of oral and written information in pandemics is essential to limit the spread of infection and public concern. Information is channeled via various authorities and health care centers, where district nurses often provide information directly to patients.Method: Transcribed semi structured interviews with 21 district nurses in Region Skåne were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Results: The district nurses experienced shortfalls in the information communicated from the employer and that the relevant information was often preceded by public media. This made it problematic to provide information concerning pandemic A(H1N1) in a professional manner, as well as to mediate safety and credibility. During the pandemic the district nurses simultaneously sought information from websites, popular science magazines and other public media. The nurses did however express an understanding of the difficulty in this unique situation and have a positive outlook on the use of the intranet for dissemination of information.Conclusion: It is important that district nurses receive prompt and precise information from their employer in a pandemic to facilitate the patients' information needs in credible manner.
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