| 1. |
- Berggren, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Intestinal function, microflora and nutrient intake of children after administration of a fermented oat product containing Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843 (299v)
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0891-060X .- 1651-2235. ; 15:4, s. 160-168
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to evaluate the intestinal tolerance of a newly developed food containing Lactobacillus plantarum 299v, in children. The effects of consumption of the product on the children's nutrient intake were also followed, in a separate study. The tolerance study was parallel, double-blind, and included 69 children between 6 months and 3 years of age, randomized into two groups. One of the groups consumed a fermented oat product (1×109 cfu L. plantarum 299v/g) for 3 weeks, while the other group consumed a placebo product. We analysed the subjects by intention to treat and also carried out an analysis of subjects who had a mean intake of >100 g study product per day. After consumption for 3 weeks, the content of L. plantarum 299v in faeces increased significantly in the test group compared with the placebo group (p<0.001) and mean log10 cfu/g was 8.7 (intention to treat analysis). Also, the total content of lactobacilli increased and was significantly higher compared with the placebo group (p<0.001). The same result was also obtained when the data for the subjects who had a higher consumption of the study products were analysed. There were no differences in reported gastrointestinal function between the groups. The effects of the fermented oat product on the children's nutrient intake were followed in 12 children aged 1-3 years. Inclusion of the fermented oat product that was enriched with iron and ascorbic acid led to a significantly higher intake of several nutrients like energy, carbohydrates (g, E%), dietary fibre, iron and zinc. In conclusion, the children tolerated the fermented oat product well, the faecal microflora was positively altered and the children's nutritional intake was improved. Keywords: children, microflora, Lactobacillus plantarum 299v, probiotic bacteria, intestinal tolerance, nutrient intake.
|
|
| 2. |
- Gabrielsson, Britt, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular characterization of a local sulfonylurea system in human adipose tissue.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Molecular and cellular biochemistry. - 0300-8177 .- 1573-4919. ; 258:1-2, s. 65-71
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are present in many cell types and link cellular metabolism to the membrane potential. These channels are heterooctamers composed of two subunits. The sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits are targets for drugs that are inhibitors or openers of the KATP channels, while the inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) subunits form the ion channel. Two different SUR genes (SUR1 and SUR2) and two different Kir6.x genes (Kir6.1 and Kir6.2) have been identified. In addition, isoforms of SUR2, SUR2A and SUR2B, have been described. We have previously performed expression profiling on pooled human adipose tissue and found high expression of SUR2. Others have reported expression of SUR1 in human adipocytes. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of the sulfonylurea receptor complex components in human adipose tissue. RT-PCR analysis, verified by restriction enzyme digestions and DNA sequencing, showed that SUR2B, Kir6.1 and alpha-endosulfine, but not SUR1, SUR2A or Kir6.2, are expressed in human adipose tissue. Real-time RT-PCR showed that SUR2B was expressed at higher levels in subcutaneous compared with omental adipose tissue in paired biopsies obtained from seven obese men (p < 0.05). Analysis of tissue distribution showed that SUR2B expression in adipose tissue was lower than that in muscle, similar to that in heart and liver, while the expression in pancreas was lower. The effect of caloric restriction was tested in obese men (n = 10) treated with very low calorie diet for 16 weeks, followed by a gradual reintroduction of ordinary food for 2 weeks. Biopsies were taken at week 0, 8 and 18. There was no consistent effect of weight reduction on SUR2B or Kir6.1 expression. We conclude that the necessary components for a local sulfonylurea system are expressed in human adipose tissue and that the sulfonylurea receptor complex in this tissue is composed of SUR2B and Kir6.1. The expression of SUR2B was higher in subcutaneous compared with omental adipose tissue and was not affected by weight loss.
|
|
| 3. |
- Grenklo, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
-
Anti-actin antibodies generated against profilin : actin distinguish between non-filamentous and filamentous actin, and label cultured cells in a dotted pattern
- 2004
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Cell Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0171-9335 .- 1618-1298. ; 83:8, s. 413-423
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Actin polymerization is a prominent feature of migrating cells, where it powers the protrusion of the leading edge. Many studies have characterized the well-ordered and dynamic arrangement of filamentous actin in this submembraneous space. However, less is known about the organization of unpolymerized actin. Previously, we reported on the use of covalently coupled profilin:actin to study actin dynamics and presented evidence that profilin-bound actin is a major source of actin for filament growth. To locate profilin:actin in the cell we have now used this non-dissociable complex for antibody generation, and obtained monospecific anti-actin and antiprofilin antibodies from two separate immunizations. Fluorescence microscopy revealed drastic differences in the staining pattern generated by the anti-actin antibody preparations. With one, distinct puncta appeared at the actin-rich leading edge and sometimes aligned with microtubules in the interior of the lamella, while the other displayed typical actin filament staining. Labelling experiments in vitro demonstrated failure of the first antibody to recognize filamentous actin and none of the two bound microtubules. The two anti-profilin antibodies purified in parallel generated a punctated pattern similar to that seen with the first anti-actin antibody. All antibody preparations labelled the nuclei.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Lilja, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
-
Attitudes towards rehabilitation needs and support from assistive technology and the social environment among elderly people with disability
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Occupational Therapy International. - : Wiley. - 0966-7903 .- 1557-0703. ; 10:1, s. 75-93
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to survey the attitudes of elderly people with disabilities who were living at home regarding their support from assistive technology and the social environment. These attitudes were compared with their identified needs by an occupational therapist and in relation to perception of social engagement, loneliness and overall contentment with life. From a sample of 102 participants who were interviewed using a standardized procedure, 53 persons were included in the study. The results indicated that attitudes among elderly people towards social and occupational engagement and change have a greater influence on their rehabilitation status than their disability as indicated by their health condition and limitations in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. The elderly people who accepted rehabilitation were more able, and were better equipped and better supported with assistive technology, than those who declined rehabilitation. Rehabilitation needs that the occupational therapists recognized were not always shared by the disabled elderly people, for several reasons; one reason of particular importance was the elderly person's attitude towards change and social engagement. However, the small sample size limits the generalization of the findings to the population of elderly people with disabilities. An ethnographic research design that allows for repeated interviews and observations of elderly people with disabilities for a prolonged period of time in their ordinary everyday lives may present an avenue for future research and lead to a deeper understanding of the issues
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Nobaek, S, et al.
(författare)
-
Alteration of intestinal microflora is associated with reduction in abdominal bloating and pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
- 2000
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - 1572-0241. ; 95:5, s. 1231-1238
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The influence of the gastrointestinal (GI) microflora in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has not been clearly elucidated. This study was undertaken to see if patients with IBS have an imbalance in their normal colonic flora, as some bacterial taxa are more prone to gas production than others. We also wanted to study whether the flora could be altered by exogenous supplementation. In a previous study we have characterized the mucosa-associated lactobacilli in healthy individuals and found some strains with good colonizing ability. Upon colonization, they seemed to reduce gas formation. METHODS: The study comprised 60 patients with IBS and a normal colonoscopy or barium enema. Patients fulfilling the Rome criteria, without a history of malabsorption, and with normal blood tests underwent a sigmoidoscopy with biopsy. They were randomized into two groups, one receiving 400 ml per day of a rose-hip drink containing 5 x 10(7) cfu/ml of Lactobacillus plantarum (DSM 9843) and 0.009 g/ml oat flour, and the other group receiving a plain rose-hip drink, comparable in color, texture, and taste. The administration lasted for 4 wk. The patients recorded their own GI function, starting 2 wk before the study and continuing throughout the study period. Twelve months after the end of the study all patients were asked to complete the same questionnaire regarding their symptomatology as at the start of the study. RESULTS: All patients tolerated the products well. The patients receiving Lb. plantarum had these bacteria on rectal biopsies. There were no major changes of Enterobacteriaceae in either group, before or after the study, but the Enterococci increased in the placebo group and remained unchanged in the test group. Flatulence was rapidly and significantly reduced in the test group compared with the placebo group (number of days with abundant gas production, test group 6.5 before, 3.1 after vs 7.4 before and 5.6 after for the placebo group). Abdominal pain was reduced in both groups. At the 12-month follow-up, patients in the test group maintained a better overall GI function than control patients. There was no difference between the groups regarding bloating. Fifty-nine percent of the test group patients had a continuous intake of fermented products, whereas the corresponding figure for the control patients was 73%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study indicate that the administration of Lb. plantarum with known probiotic properties decreased pain and flatulence in patients with IBS. The fiber content of the test solution was minimal and it is unlikely that the fiber content could have had any effect. This type of probiotic therapy warrants further studies in IBS patients.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Silwer, Louise, et al.
(författare)
-
Drug prescribing in public primary care centres : Results from prescription studies 1988-1997 in the county of Halland, Sweden
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 20:4, s. 236-241
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To present the prescribing patterns of general practitioners (GPs) at public primary care centres (PPCCs) in Halland, a county in the south-west of Sweden. GP share of the total prescribing of different drug groups 1988-1997 is presented, as well as changes in patterns. DESIGN: A descriptive prescription study performed 3 months each year in 10 consecutive years. SETTING: Medical service and pharmacies in Halland. SUBJECTS: Prescriptions from about 100 GPs of PPCCs and 550 physicians of various other specialties. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Percentages and absolute numbers of GPs prescribing. RESULTS: GPs prescribed 45% and 51% of the prescriptions from physicians in 1988 and 1997, respectively, while the cost shares were 40% and 42%. An increase in prescriptions was seen both in relative and in absolute numbers (from 117414 in 3 months in 1988 to 161012 in 1995). The increase in cost per DDD (defined daily dose) during the study period was 47% for GPs and 72% for other doctors. CONCLUSIONS: GP prescribing increased in both absolute and relative numbers, while the cost increase per DDD was moderate compared to other physicians.
|
|
| 19. |
- Wensbo, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Preparation of five-membered heterocyclic compounds as mGluR5 receptor antagonists.
- 2004
-
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The present invention relates to five-membered heterocyclic compds. (shown as I; variables defined below; e.g. II), a process for their prepn. and new intermediates prepd. therein, pharmaceutical formulations contg. said compds. and to the use of said compds. in therapy, e.g. neurol., psychiatric and chronic and acute pain disorders (no data). Typical IC50 values for mGluR5 receptor antagonist activity are ≤10 μM; no values for individual compds. are given. Methods of prepn. are claimed and example prepns. and/or characterization data are included for ∼800 examples of I and intermediates. For example, [3-[3-[[[4-methyl-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-4H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]methyl][1,2,4]oxadiazol-5-yl]phenyl]carbamic acid tert-Bu ester was prepd. in 79% yield by condensation of 4-methyl-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-4H-[1,2,4]triazole-3-thiol with [3-(3-chloromethyl-[1,2,4]oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl]carbamic acid tert-Bu ester in MeCN in the presence of K2CO3. For I: P = H, C3-7alkyl or a 3- to 8-membered ring contg. ≥1 atoms = C, N, O and S, which ring may optionally be fused with a 5- or 6-membered ring contg. ≥1 C, N, O and S; R1 = H, hydroxy, halo, nitro, C1-6-alkylhalo, OC1-6alkylhalo, C1-6alkyl, OC1-6alkyl, C2-6alkenyl, OC2-6alkenyl, C2-6alkynyl, OC2-6alkynyl, C0-6alkylC3-6cycloalkyl, etc. and a 5- or 6-membered ring contg. ≥1 C, N, O and S, wherein said ring may be substituted by ≥1 A. M1 = a bond, C1-3alkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0-4alkyl(CO)C0-4alkyl, C0-3alkylOC0-3alkyl, C0-3alkyl(CO)NR5, C0-3alkyl(CO)NR5C0-3alkyl, C0-4-alkylNR5, C0-3alkylSC0-3alkyl, etc.; R2 = H, hydroxy, C0-6alkylcyano, oxo, NR5, NOR5, C1-4alkylhalo, halo, C1-4alkyl, etc. X1, X2 and X3 = CR, CO, N, NR, O and S; R = H, C0-3alkyl, halo, C0-3alkylOR5, C0-3-alkylNR5R6, C0-3alkyl(CO)OR5, C0-3alkylNR5R6 and C0-3alkylaryl; M2 = a bond, C1-3alkyl, C3-7cycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0-4alkyl(CO)C0-4alkyl, C0-3alkylOC0-3alkyl, etc.; R3 = H, hydroxy, C0-6alkylcyano, oxo, NR, NOR5, C1-4alkylhalo, halo, C1-4alkyl, etc. X4 = C0-4alkylR5, C0-4alkyl(NR5R6), C0-4-alkyl(NR5R6):N, NR5C0-4alkyl(NR5R6):N, NOC0-4alkyl, C1-4alkylhalo, C, O, SO, SO2 and S; Q is a 5- or 6-membered ring contg. ≥1 C, N, O and S, which group may optionally be fused with a 5- or 6-membered ring contg. ≥1 C, N, O and S and which fused ring may be substituted by ≥1 A. R4 = H, hydroxy, C0-6alkylcyano, oxo, NR5, NOR5, C1-4alkylhalo, halo, C1-4alkyl, OC1-4alkyl, OC0-6alkylaryl, etc. and a 5- or 6-membered ring contg. ≥1 atoms = C, N, O or S, wherein said ring may be substituted by ≥1 A; R5, R6 = H, OH, C1-6alkyl, etc.; A = H, OH, O, halo, nitro, C0-6alkylcyano, etc.; m = 0-4; and n = 0-3; addnl. details are given in the claims. [on SciFinder(R)]
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
