| 1. |
- Johansson, Malin B, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Cesium Bismuth Iodide Solar Cells from Systematic Molar Ratio Variation of CsI and BiI3
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 58:18, s. 12040-12052
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal halide compounds with photovoltaic properties prepared from solution have received increased attention for utilization in solar cells. In this work, low-toxicity cesium bismuth iodides are synthesized from solution, and their photovoltaic and, optical properties as well as electronic and crystal structures are investigated. The X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that a CsI/BiI3 precursor ratio of 1.5:1 can convert pure rhombohedral BiI3 to pure hexagonal Cs3Bi2I9, but any ratio intermediate of this stoichiometry and pure BiI3 yields a mixture containing the two crystalline phases Cs3Bi2I9 and BiI3, with their relative fraction depending on the CsI/BiI3 ratio. Solar cells from the series of compounds are characterized, showing the highest efficiency for the compounds with a mixture of the two structures. The energies of the valence band edge were estimated using hard and soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for more bulk and surface electronic properties, respectively. On the basis of these measurements, together with UV-vis-near-IR spectrophotometry, measuring the band gap, and Kelvin probe measurements for estimating the work function, an approximate energy diagram has been compiled clarifying the relationship between the positions of the valence and conduction band edges and the Fermi level.
|
|
| 2. |
- Wu, Hua, et al.
(författare)
-
Bandgap Tuning of Silver Bismuth Iodide via Controllable Bromide Substitution for Improved Photovoltaic Performance
- 2019
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Energy Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2574-0962. ; 2:8, s. 5356-5362
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, silver-bismuth-halide thin films, exhibiting low toxicity and good stability, were explored systemically by gradually substituting iodide, I, with bromide, Br, in the AgBi2I7 system. It was found that the optical bandgap can be tuned by varying the I/Br ratio. Moreover, the film quality was improved when introducing a small amount of Br. The solar cell was demonstrated to be more stable at ambient conditions and most efficient when incorporating 10% Br, as a result of decreased recombination originating from the increased grain size. Thus, replacing a small amount of I with Br was beneficial for photovoltaic performance.
|
|
| 3. |
- Karimipour, Masoud, et al.
(författare)
-
A glassy carbon electrode modified with TiO2(200)-rGO hybrid nanosheets for aptamer based impedimetric determination of the prostate specific antigen
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Microchimica Acta. - : SPRINGER WIEN. - 0026-3672 .- 1436-5073. ; 186:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TiO2(200)-rGO hybrid nanosheets were synthesized starting from TiO2, rGO and NaOH solid powders via a scalable hydrothermal process. The weight ratio of TiO2-GO was found to be crucial on the crystal growth and biosensor properties of the final hybrid nanosheets. They were characterized by means of SEM, FESEM-EDX, XRD, XPS, Raman and FTIR spectroscopies in order to verify the formation of very thin TiO2 anatase nanosheets with an orientation of the anatase crystal structure towards the (200) plane. The free active sites of TiO2 structure and the large surface of the 2D graphene structure strongly facilitate charge transport confirmed by BET-BJH analyses. Compared to pure AuNPs, rGO and TiO2, the hybrid nanosheet modified electrode represents the most sensitive aptasensing platform for the determination of PSA. The detection was based on that the variation of electron transfer resistance (Rct) at the modified electrode surface in a solution containing 3.0mmolL(-1) [Fe(CN)(6)](3-/4-) as a redox probe and 0.1molL(-1) KCl as supporting electrolyte. The detection limit of the sensor is 1pgmL(-1), and the sensor can be operated up to 30days. It was applied to the analysis of PSA levels in spiked serum samples obtained from patients with prostate cancer. Data compare well with those obtained by an immunoradiometric assay.
|
|
| 4. |
- Paulraj, Alagar Raj, et al.
(författare)
-
Electrochemical Performance and in Operando Charge Efficiency Measurements of Cu/Sn-Doped Nano Iron Electrodes
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Batteries. - : MDPI. - 2313-0105. ; :1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fe-air or Ni-Fe cells can offer low-cost and large-scale sustainable energy storage. At present, they are limited by low coulombic efficiency, low active material use, and poor rate capability. To overcome these challenges, two types of nanostructured doped iron materials were investigated: (1) copper and tin doped iron (CuSn); and (2) tin doped iron (Sn). Single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was added to the electrode and LiOH to the electrolyte. In the 2 wt. % Cu + 2 wt. % Sn sample, the addition of SWCNT increased the discharge capacity from 430 to 475 mAh g−1, and charge efficiency increased from 83% to 93.5%. With the addition of both SWCNT and LiOH, the charge efficiency and discharge capacity improved to 91% and 603 mAh g−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the 4 wt. % Sn substituted sample performance is not on par with the 2 wt. % Cu + 2 wt. % Sn sample. The dopant elements (Cu and Sn) and additives (SWCNT and LiOH) have a major impact on the electrode performance. To understand the relation between hydrogen evolution and charge current density, we have used in operando charging measurements combined with mass spectrometry to quantify the evolved hydrogen. The electrodes that were subjected to prolonged overcharge upon hydrogen evolution failed rapidly. This insight could help in the development of better charging schemes for the iron electrodes.
|
|
