| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Bokslutet från början
- 2008
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bokslutet från början är en kombinerad fakta- och övningsbok som är en direkt fortsättning på grundboken i bokföring, Bokföring från början. I denna bok fördjupas kunskaperna. Steg för steg behandlas de olika områden man måste behärska för att kunna upprätta ett fullständigt bokslut med årsredovisning i enlighet med årsredovisningslagens krav.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Törneman, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Litteraturstudie om kemiska ämnen och nanopartiklar i produkter inför screening 2007
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SWECO VIAK har på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket genomfört en litteraturstudie av ett 80 tal ämnen som kan bli aktuella för screening inom den nationella miljöövervakningen. Dessutom har en litteraturstudie om nanopartiklar genomförts.Litteraturstudierna omfattade fysiokemisk information, begränsningar och förbud som berör ämnena, toxikologiska och ekotoxikologiska data, hantering och emissioner av ämnena, spridning och omvandling i naturen, förekomst i miljö och människa, en PBT bedömning (dvs. en bedömning av ämnenas motstånd mot nedbrytning, ämnenas bioackumulationspotential och ämnenas toxicitet), en bedömning av möjliga matriser där ämnena kan återfinnas samt möjliga metoder för analys av ämnena.För att förbättra överskådligheten presenteras detaljerad information om de olika ämnena i ämnesrapporter som bifogas huvudrapporten. I själva rapporten redovisas varje ämnesgrupp i översiktliga tabeller där en del av informationen om varje ämne återfinns.En rad olika informationskällor har använts. Dessa innefattar olika ämnesdatabaser, rapporter från statliga och överstatliga organ, vetenskapliga databaser där nyare information återfinns och olika tillverkares/importörers/exportörers information om de olika ämnena.De studerade ämnesgrupperna är, med en kortfattad beskrivning:Aminer är en grupp alifatiska eller aromatiska ämnen där minst en amingrupp ingår. Alla ämnen i gruppen är faroklassificerade och tillgången på toxikologiska och ekotoxikologisk data är förhållandevis god. Ämnena inom gruppen används bl.a. som smörjmedelstillsatser och tre ämnen i gruppen är högvolymsprodukter. Några av ämnena bedöms vara något intressanta för screening pga. de påträffats i miljön och kan ha negativa hälso- och miljöeffekter.Biocider är en liten grupp ämnen som bl.a. används i färger. Alla ämnena i gruppen är faroklassificerade som mycket giftiga för vattenlevande organismer och tillgången på toxikologiska och ekotoxikologisk data är förhållandevis god. Ett av ämnena i gruppen bedöms vara något intressant för screening pga. de förhållandevis låga ekotoxikologiska effekthalterna och den icke försumbara mängden som registreras.Estrar innefattar både estrar med enkla och polyaromatiska substituenter och alifatiska estrar. Två ämnen i gruppen är faroklassificerade som mycket giftiga för vattenlevande organismer och tillgången på ekotoxikologiska data är förhållandevis god. Ämnena ingår i olika industriella kemikalieprodukter och de flesta är högvolymskemikalier i EU. Två av ämnena i gruppen bedöms vara något intressanta för screening pga. de förhållandevis låga ekotoxikologiska effekthalterna och den icke försumbara mängden som registreras.Heterocykliska ämnen innefattar fyra ämnen vars enda strukturella likhet är att de innehåller minst en aromatisk ring. Flera ämnen i gruppen är faroklassificerade som mycket giftiga för vattenlevande organismer och tillgången på ekotoxikologisk data är begränsad. Ämnena ingår i olika industriella kemikalieprodukter och inga är högvolymskemikalier i EU. Ämnena i gruppen bedöms vara mindre intressanta för screening. Framförallt för att förhållandevis små mängder registreras årligen.Organiska fosfater och svavelföreningar innefattar tre ämnen utan strukturella likheter. Alla tre ämnen är högvolymsprodukter i EU och används som tillsatsämnen i kemikalie/plast -industrin. Ett av ämnena i gruppen är något intressant för screening eftersom registreringen ökar samtidigt som ämnet är misstänkt cancerframkallande. Dock är registreringen av detta ämne i Sverige förhållandevis låg (20 ton/år).Organiska halogener innefattar åtta ämnen. Samtliga är faroklassificerade som mycket giftiga för vattenlevande organismer och tillgången på ekotoxikologiska data är god. Fyra ämnen är dessutom misstänkt cancerogena. De flesta ämnen i gruppen är bekämpningsmedel och fyra ämnen är högvolymsprodukter. Flera ämnena i gruppen bedöms vara intressanta för screening pga. mycket hög giftighet gentemot vattenlevande organismer. Extra intressant i denna grupp är cypermetrin vars användning förväntas öka för att skydda timmerupplag mot skadedjurangrepp.Organiska jonföreningar innefattar sexton anjoniska ämnen som alla innehåller minst en bensenring. Flera av ämnena är alkylbensensulfonater och några av dessa har linjära alkylgrupper vilket innebär att de är s.k. linjära alkylbensensulfonater (LAS). Inga av ämnena i gruppen är faroklassificerade. Ämnen förekommer främst i olika rengörings- och ytbehandlingsprodukter och elva ämnen i gruppen är högvolymsprodukter i EU. Tillgången på ekotoxikologiska data är varierande men flera av ämnena tycks vara relativt giftiga för vattenlevande organismer. Flera ämnen i denna grupp bedöms vara intressanta för screening främst för att stora mängder registreras årligen samtidigt som den huvudsakliga användningen är i sådana produkter där en spridning till omgivningen via t.ex. reningsverk är möjlig.Pigmentämnen innefattar 10 gula, 3 orange, 13 röda, 3 lila, 1 blå och 2 gröna pigmentämnen. Hela gruppen är mycket heterogen vad gäller molekylstruktur, egenskaper, farlighet förr människa och miljö samt registrerade mängder. I denna studie är detta den grupp av ämnen som det finns minst information om i förhållande till den mängd som registreras. Trots bristen på information bör inte denna grupp uteslutas från screening. Däremot kan det viktigaste kriteriet för urval av pigmentämnen till screening tänkas vara den registrerade mängden. Ur detta hänseende framstår det enda blå pigmentämnet som en lämplig kandidat med en registrerad mängd av 1250 ton år 2004 samtidigt som det finns förhållandevis mycket information om detta ämne.Betongtillsatser innefattar 7 ämnen vars enda gemensamma nämnare är att de alla används som tillsatsämnen vid betongtillblandning. Flertalet av dessa ämnen är faroklassificeradeoch alla ämnen är högvolymsprodukter inom EU samtidigt som mycket stora mängder registreras i Sverige årligen (100 – 12000 ton). Tillgången på ekotoxikologisk data är varierande men flera av ämnena tycks vara relativt giftiga för vattenlevande organismer. Flera ämnen i denna grupp bedöms vara intressanta för screening främst för att mycket stora mängder registreras årligen samtidigt som deras miljöfarlighet inte är obetydlig.Nanopartiklar är inte en ämnesgrupp i egentlig mening. Istället är detta en materialkategori som kännetecknas av rymdstrukturer på en skala < 100 nm. I denna rapport behandlas främst nanopartiklar vilket innefattar både linjära och partikulära nanomaterial men inte nanoytor (ytbeläggningar). Nanopartiklar kemiska sammansättning varierar mellan helt oorganiska nanopartiklar, kolnanopartiklar och nanokompositer. Pga. av sin storlek kan nanopartiklar passera en rad biologiska barriärer inklusive cellmembran och blod-hjärn barriären. Nanopartiklars speciella egenskaperna (t.ex. hög reaktivitet) beror bl.a. på den extremt stora ytan i förhållande till volymen vilket innebär att en stor andel av alla atomer befinner sig på ytan av strukturer, där de har en större möjlighet till att interagera med andra abiotiska eller biologiska material. Nanopartiklar har i laboratorieförsök visat sig kunna ha negativa hälsoeffekter. Trots detta finns det endast begränsad kunskap om i vilken grad som exponering för nanopartiklar leder till faktiska hälsoeffekter. Det går inte i nuläget att kvantifiera varken import, export eller mängden nanopartiklar som används i Sverige. Orsakerna är att det i nuläget inte finns några krav på att material eller produkter som innehåller nanopartiklar skall rapporteras till någon myndighet, varken i Sverige eller på EU-nivå. Dessutom finns det en mycket lång rad användningsområden för nanopartiklar, vilket gör att det kan vara besvärligt att sammanställa statistik som på ett tillförlitligt sätt kvantifierar användning, export och import. Det faktum att mycket stora mängder nanopartiklar (framförallt kolpulverbaserade nanopartiklar) använts i en lång rad år före begreppet nanopartiklar uppmärksammades, försvårar statistiksammanställningen ytterligare.
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| 5. |
- Al-Minawi, Ali Z., et al.
(författare)
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The ERCC1/XPF endonuclease is required for completion of homologous recombination at DNA replication forks stalled by inter-strand cross-links
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 37:19, s. 6400-6413
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both the ERCC1-XPF complex and the proteins involved in homoIogous recombination (HR) have critical roles in inter-strand cross-link (ICL) repair. Here, we report that mitomycin C-induced lesions inhibit replication fork elongation. Furthermore, mitomycin C-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the result of the collapse of ICL-stalled replication forks. These are not formed through replication run off, as we show that mitomycin C or cisplatin-induced DNA lesions are not incised by global genome nucleotide excision repair (GGR). We also suggest that ICL-lesion repair is initiated either by replication or transcription, as the GGR does not incise ICL-lesions. Furthermore, we report that RAD51 foci are induced by cisplatin or mitomycin C independently of ERCC1, but that mitomycin C-induced HR measured in a reporter construct is impaired in ERCC1-defective cells. These data suggest that ERCC1-XPF plays a role in completion of HR in ICL repair. We also find no additional sensitivity to cisplatin by siRNA co-depletion of XRCC3 and ERCC1, showing that the two proteins act on the same pathway to promote survival.
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| 6. |
- Andgart, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Designing tone reservation PAR reduction
- 2006
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Ingår i: Eurasip Journal on Applied Signal Processing. - 1110-8657.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tone reservation peak-to-average ( PAR) ratio reduction is an established area when it comes to bringing down signal peaks inmulticarrier (DMT or OFDM) systems. When designing such a system, some questions often arise about PAR reduction. Is it worth the effort? How much can it give? How much does it give depending on the parameter choices? With this paper, we attempt to answer these questions without resolving to extensive simulations for every system and every parameter choice. From a specification of the allowed spectrum, for instance prescribed by a standard, including a PSD-mask and a number of tones, we analytically predict achievable PAR levels, and thus implicitly suggest parameter choices. We use the ADSL2 and ADSL2+ systems as design examples.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Anselmsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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The penetration of retailer brands and the impact on consumer prices - A study based on household expenditures for 35 grocery categories
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-6989. ; 15:1, s. 42-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between retailer brand (RB) market shares and consumer prices. Furthermore it investigates whether changes in category price and expenditure are due to changes in customer purchase patterns or changes in relative price levels (price gap) of RBs and national brands (NBs). Data from the market research company GfK's consumer household panel, comprised of purchases made by 3000 Swedish households, for 35 randomly chosen grocery categories during the time period 2001–2004, is analysed. Results show a weak but significant negative relation between RB market share size, and the consumer prices in terms of household expenditures. The price level and changes in price level are first of all due to change in prices of the market leader and secondly due to changes in customer purchase patterns. The results also show some evidence that RBs have greater impact on prices initially, when the RB market share grows from 0% to 10%.
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| 14. |
- Anselmsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding price premium for grocery products: a conceptual model of customer-based brand equity
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Product & Brand Management. - : Emerald. - 1061-0421. ; 16:6, s. 401-414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper seeks to develop a framework for understanding what drives customer‐based brand equity and price premium for grocery products.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews empirical studies made within the area of brand equity and studies of grocery products. It compares and analyses the results from an explorative and qualitative field study with previous research on brand equity and food quality.FindingsThe study finds that brand equity and price premium focusing on the grocery sector specifically highlights the role of uniqueness, together with the four traditionally basic dimensions of brand equity proposed: awareness, qualities, associations and loyalty. Relevant brand associations (origin, health, environment/animal friendliness, organisational associations and social image), and quality attributes (taste, odour, consistency/texture, appearance, function, packaging and ingredients) specific to groceries are identified and proposed for future measurement scales and model validating research.Practical implicationsThe development of a customer‐based brand equity model, that adds awareness, associations and loyalty to previous discussions on price and quality, brings to the table a more nuanced and multi‐faced tool for marketing of consumer packaged food.Originality/valueThe paper provides a framework for understanding, evaluating, measuring and managing brand equity for grocery products. As this paper presents the first conceptual brand equity framework for groceries, there is a contribution to research on food branding. Also, there is a contribution to the general field of brand equity as previous models have been very general.
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| 15. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Bryant, Helen E, et al.
(författare)
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PARP is activated at stalled forks to mediate Mre11-dependent replication restart and recombination.
- 2009
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Ingår i: The EMBO journal. - : Wiley. - 1460-2075 .- 0261-4189. ; 28:17, s. 2601-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- If replication forks are perturbed, a multifaceted response including several DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint pathways is activated to ensure faithful DNA replication. Here, we show that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) binds to and is activated by stalled replication forks that contain small gaps. PARP1 collaborates with Mre11 to promote replication fork restart after release from replication blocks, most likely by recruiting Mre11 to the replication fork to promote resection of DNA. Both PARP1 and PARP2 are required for hydroxyurea-induced homologous recombination to promote cell survival after replication blocks. Together, our data suggest that PARP1 and PARP2 detect disrupted replication forks and attract Mre11 for end processing that is required for subsequent recombination repair and restart of replication forks.
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| 19. |
- Cato, Ingemar, et al.
(författare)
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DIOXINS AND OTHER POPS IN THE BALTIC SEA – TRENDS AND CURRENT
- 2009
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Ingår i: 29th International Symposium on Halogenated Persistent Organic Pollutants (Dioxin 2009) in Bejing, China, August 25-30, 2009.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarizes a project that was initiated by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2006. It involved several field studies and fate model calculations with the aim to better understand the present contamination situation of dioxins and other persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Baltic Sea region. Atmospheric inputs were found to be the dominant external source for all of the selected POPs (dioxins, PCBs and HCB). The model also predicted a significant decline of POP-levels in Baltic surface water if atmospheric concentrations are reduced. This issue is highly prioritized by the Swedish EPA since TEQ-levels of fatty fish exceed maximum residue limits set by the EU. Dioxin source regions were identified by air measurements and analysis of air mass origin. It was found that air that had passed over the European continent contained the highest concentrations, and the congener composition indicated that several major sources types may exist. This research has high relevance for the Swedish EPA, and continued efforts for resolving the dioxin issue of the Baltic Sea will follow.
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| 20. |
- Chialva, Diego, et al.
(författare)
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Deforming, revolving and resolving : New paths in the string theory landscape
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; 02
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we investigate the properties of series of vacua in the string theory landscape. In particular, we study minima to the flux potential in type IIB compactifications on the mirror quintic. Using geometric transitions, we embed its one-dimensional complex structure moduli space in that of another Calabi-Yau with h1,1 = 86 and h2,1 = 2. We then show how to construct infinite series of continuously connected minima to the mirror quintic potential by moving into this larger moduli space, applying its monodromies, and moving back. We provide an example of such series, and discuss their implications for the string theory landscape
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| 21. |
- Curbo, Sophie, et al.
(författare)
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Regulation of interleukin-4 signaling by extracellular reduction of intramolecular disulfides
- 2009
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 390:4, s. 1272-1277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interleukin-4 (IL-4) contains three structurally important intramolecular disulfides that are required for the bioactivity of the cytokine. We show that the cell surface of HeLa cells and endotoxin-activated monocytes can reduce IL-4 intramolecular disulfides in the extracellular space and inhibit binding of IL-4 to the IL-4R alpha receptor. IL-4 disulfides were in vitro reduced by thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). Reduction of IL-4 disulfides by the cell surface of HeLa cells was inhibited by auranofin, an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase that is an electron donor to both Trx1 and PDI. Both Trx1 and PDI have been shown to be located at the cell surface and our data suggests that these enzymes are involved in catalyzing reduction of IL-4 disulfides. The pro-drug N-acetylcysteine (NAC) that promotes T-helper type 1 responses was also shown to mediate the reduction of IL-4 disulfides. Our data provides evidence for a novel redox dependent pathway for regulation of cytokine activity by extracellular reduction of intramolecular disulfides at the cell surface by members of the thioredoxin enzyme family.
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| 22. |
- Danielsson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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4D black holes and holomorphic factorization of the 0A matrix model
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. ; 0510, s. 046-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- n this letter, we relate the free energy of the 0A matrix model to the sum of topological and anti-topological string amplitudes. For arbitrary integer multiples of the matrix model self-dual radius we describe the geometry on which the corresponding topological string propagates. This geometry is not the one that follows from the usual ground ring analysis, but in a sense its "holomorphic square root". Mixing of terms for different genus in the matrix model free energy yields one-loop terms compatible with type II strings on compact Calabi-Yau target spaces. As an application, we give an explicit example of how to relate the 0A matrix model free energy to that of a four-dimensional black hole in type IIB theory, compactified on a compact Calabi-Yau. Variables, Legendre transforms, and large classical terms on both sides match perfectly.
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| 23. |
- Danielsson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Stability of flux vacua in the presence of charged black
- 2006
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Ingår i: JHEP. ; 09, s. 069-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this letter we consider a charged black hole in a flux compactification of type IIB string theory. Both the black hole and the fluxes will induce potentials for the complex structure moduli. We choose the compact dimensions to be described locally by a deformed conifold, creating a large hierarchy. We demonstrate that the presence of a black hole typically will not change the minimum of the moduli potential in a substantial way. However, we also point out a couple of possible loop-holes, which in some cases could lead to interesting physical consequences such as changes in the hierarchy.
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| 24. |
- Danielsson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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The world next door: Results in landscape topography
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; 03, s. 080-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, it has become clear that neighboring multiple vacua might have interesting consequences for the physics of the early universe. In this paper we investigate the topography of the string landscape corresponding to complex structure moduli of flux compactified type IIB string theory. We find that series of continuously connected vacua are common. The properties of these series are described, and we relate the existence of infinite series of minima to certain unresolved mathematical problems in group theory. Numerical studies of the mirror quintic serve as illustrating examples.
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| 25. |
- Döttling, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Chapter 4: System Concept and Architecture
- 2009
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Ingår i: Radio Technologies and Concepts for IMT-Advanced. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 9780470747636
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 26. |
- Edqvist, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of building technology for mass producible millimetre-sized robots using flexible printed circuit boards
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. - : Institute of Physics Publishing. - 0960-1317 .- 1361-6439. ; 19:7, s. 11pp-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Initial tests of a building technology for a compact three-dimensional mass produciblemicrorobot are presented. The 3.9 × 3.9 × 3.3 mm3 sized prototype robot represents amicrosystem with actuators, sensors, energy management and integrated electronics. Theweight of a folded robot is 65 mg and the total volume is less than 23 mm3. The design of theinterfaces of the different modules in the robot, as well as the building technology, isdescribed. The modules are assembled using conductive adhesive with industrial surfacemounting technology on a thin double-sided flexible printed circuit board. The final shape ofthe microrobots is achieved by folding the flexible printed circuit board twice. Electrical andmechanical studies are performed to evaluate the assembly and it is concluded that thetechnology can be used for this type of microsystem. Several issues using the presentedassembly technique are identified and addressed.
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| 27. |
- Edqvist, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Gentle dry etching of P(VDF-TrFE) multilayer micro actuator structures by use of an inductive coupled plasma
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. - : IOP Publishing. - 0960-1317 .- 1361-6439. ; 18:1, s. 015007-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To fully utilize the actuator properties of poly(vinylidenefluoride) (P(VDF))-based polymers, the electric field has to be rather high and one way to accomplish this, in particular with low voltage drive signals, is to build multilayered structures. This paper focuses on how to structure poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) by presenting an etch method to create multilayered miniaturized actuators, with intermediate aluminium electrodes. To create inter-connect areas for the multilayer electrodes, a modified Bosch process in an inductive couple plasma (ICP) etcher is used to remove all P(VDF-TrFE) not covered by the electrodes. Since each electrode mask is slightly different from the others, the result is a staircase-like inter-electrode contact area that is connected from above using a conductive adhesive. The developed ICP etch results in high selective etching and a good agreement between theoretical and measured capacitance values. The manufactured cantilevers, consisting of a multilayer on top of a flexible printed circuit (FPC) board, were tested and the resonant stroke was confirmed to agree with expected values. The successful establishment of interlayer connections between the electrodes open up the possibility for batch fabrication of cheap low voltage micro actuators built on a standard substrate used in millions of commercial products. 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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| 28. |
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| 30. |
- Ericsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Towards automatic detection of local bearing defects in rotating machines
- 2005
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Ingår i: Mechanical systems and signal processing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-3270 .- 1096-1216. ; 19:3, s. 509-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we derive and compare several different vibration analysis techniques for automatic detection of local defects in bearings. Based on a signal model and a discussion on to what extent a good bearing monitoring method should trust it, we present several analysis tools for bearing condition monitoring and conclude that wavelets are especially well suited for this task. Then we describe a large-scale evaluation of several different automatic bearing monitoring methods using 103 laboratory and industrial environment test signals for which the true condition of the bearing is known from visual inspection. We describe the four best performing methods in detail (two wavelet-based, and two based on envelope and periodisation techniques). In our basic implementation, without using historical data or adapting the methods to (roughly) known machine or signal parameters, the four best methods had 9-13% error rate and are all good candidates for further fine-tuning and optimisation. Especially for the wavelet-based methods, there are several potentially performance improving additions, which we finally summarise into a guiding list of suggestion.
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| 31. |
- Grumiller, Daniel, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Consistent boundary conditions for cosmological topologically massive gravity at the chiral point
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Modern Physics D. - 0218-2718. ; 17:13-14, s. 2367-2372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that cosmological topologically massive gravity at the chiral point allows not only Brown-Henneaux boundary conditions as consistent boundary conditions, but slightly more general ones which encompass the logarithmic primary found in 0805.2610 as well as all its descendants.
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| 32. |
- Grumiller, Daniel, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Instability in cosmological topologically massive gravity at the chiral point
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; :7, s. 134-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider cosmological topologically massive gravity at the chiral point with positive sign of the Einstein-Hilbert term. We demonstrate the presence of a negative energy bulk mode that grows linearly in time. Unless there are physical reasons to discard this mode, this theory is unstable. To address this issue we prove that the mode is not pure gauge and that its negative energy is time-independent and finite. The isometry generators L0 and 0 have non-unitary matrix representations like in logarithmic CFT. While the new mode obeys boundary conditions that are slightly weaker than the ones by Brown and Henneaux, its fall-off behavior is compatible with spacetime being asymptotically AdS3. We employ holographic renormalization to show that the variational principle is well-defined. The corresponding Brown-York stress tensor coincides with that of global AdS3. Finally we address possibilities to eliminate the instability and prospects for chiral gravity.
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| 33. |
- Hedekvist, Per Olof E, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Accurate time transfer utilizing the synchronization in an SDH-network
- 2006
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Ingår i: 2006 Optical Fiber Communication Conference, and the 2006 National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference; Anaheim, CA; United States; 5 March 2006 through 10 March 2006. - 9781557528032
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A nationwide system for accurate time distribution is being developed, utilizing synchronization in an SDH-network. The first experimental results based on this technique are presented, performed on, but not limited to, STM-64.
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| 34. |
- Hogberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Phthalate diesters and their metabolites in human breast milk, blood or serum, and urine as biomarkers of exposure in vulnerable populations
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - : Environmental Health Perspectives. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 116:3, s. 334-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Phthalates may pose a risk for perinatal developmental effects. An important question relates to the choice of suitable biological matrices for assessing exposure during this period. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to measure the concentrations of phthalate diesters or their metabolites in breast milk, blood or serum, and urine and to evaluate their suitability for assessing perinatal exposure to phthalates. METHODS: In 2001, 2-3 weeks after delivery, 42 Swedish primipara provided breast milk, blood, and urine samples at home. Special care was taken to minimize contamination with phthalates (e.g., use of a special breast milk pump, heat treatment of glassware and needles, addition of phosphoric acid). RESULTS: Phthalate diesters and metabolites in milk and blood or serum, if detected, were present at concentrations close to the limit of detection. By contrast, most phthalate metabolites were detectable in urine at concentrations comparable to those from the general population in the United States and in Germany. No correlations existed between urine concentrations and those found in milk or blood/serum for single phthalate metabolites. Our data are at odds with a previous study documenting frequent detection and comparatively high concentrations of phthalate metabolites in Finnish and Danish mothers' milk. CONCLUSIONS: Concentrations of phthalate metabolites in urine are more informative than those in milk or serum. Furthermore, collection of milk or blood may be associated with discomfort and potential technical problems such as contamination (unless oxidative metabolites are measured). Although urine is a suitable matrix for health-related phthalate monitoring, urinary concentrations in nursing mothers cannot be used to estimate exposure to phthalates through milk ingestion by breast-fed infants.
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| 35. |
- Innings, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Multiplex real-time PCR targeting the RNase P RNA gene for detection and identification of Candida species in blood
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 45:3, s. 874-880
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a single-tube multiplex real-time PCR method for the detection of the eight most common Candida species causing septicemia: Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. famata, C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. The method developed targets the RNase P RNA gene RPR1. Sequences of this geiie were determined for seven of the Candida species and showed surprisiRgly large sequence variation. C. glabrata was found to have a gene that was five times longer gene than those of the other species, and the nucleotide sequence similarity between C. krusei and C. albicans was as low as 55%. The multiplex PCR contained three probes that enabled the specific detection of C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. krusei and a fourth probe that allowed the general detection of the remaining species. The method was able to detect 1 to 10 genome copies when the detection limit was tested repeatedly for the four species C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, and C. guilliermondii. No significant difference in the detection limit was seen when the multiplex format was compared with single-species PCR, i.e., two primers and one probe. The method detected eight clinically relevant Candida species and did not react with other tested non-Candida species or human DNA. The assay was applied to 20 blood samples from nine patients and showed a sensitivity similar to that of culture.
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| 36. |
- Janz, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Frequency dependence of host plant choice within and between patches : a large cage experiment
- 2005
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Ingår i: Evolutionary Ecology. - : Springer. - 0269-7653 .- 1573-8477. ; 19:3, s. 289-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oviposition preference is considered to be one of the most important factors behind patterns of host use among herbivorous insects. However, preference is defined as host plant choice under equal host abundance and availability, and it is likely that frequency-dependent effects will alter the actual pattern of host use beyond what preference trials reveals. The effects of such alterations are poorly known but could be important for the understanding of specialization and host shifts. We investigated how changes in frequency of a preferred and a less preferred host affected movement patterns and egg deposition within and among patches in a polyphagous butterfly, Polygonia c-album. Two experiments were carried out in large (8 × 30 m) outdoor cages, artificially divided into distinct patches with different frequencies of the two hosts: one that allowed for limited movement between patches and one that did not. There was a clear effect of frequency on patch selection; females spent more time in and laid more eggs in patches with a high frequency of the preferred host, which will potentially have a large effect on host use by modifying encounter rates in favor of the preferred host. However, there was no significant frequency-dependent plant choice within patches in any experiment. Instead, results indicate that females are distributing their eggs among plants species according to specific likelihoods of oviposition, independent of encounter rates, which is compatible with a strategy of risk-spreading.
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| 37. |
- Johansson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Adenoviruses Use Lactoferrin as a Bridge for CAR-Independent Binding to and Infection of Epithelial Cells.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Virology. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 1098-5514 .- 0022-538X. ; 81:2, s. 954-963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most adenoviruses bind to the coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Surprisingly, CAR is not expressed apically on polarized cells and is thus not easily available to viruses. Consequently, alternative mechanisms for entry of coxsackievirus and adenovirus into cells have been suggested. We have found that tear fluid promotes adenovirus infection, and we have identified human lactoferrin (HLf) as the tear fluid component responsible for this effect. HLf alone was found to promote binding of adenovirus to epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner and also infection of epithelial cells by adenovirus. HLf was also found to promote gene delivery from an adenovirus-based vector. The mechanism takes place at the binding stage and functions independently of CAR. Thus, we have identified a novel binding mechanism whereby adenovirus hijacks HLf, a component of the innate immune system, and uses it as a bridge for attachment to host cells.
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| 38. |
- Johansson, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated Peripheral Allergen-Specific T Cell Response Is Crucial for a Positive Atopy Patch Test Reaction
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1018-2438 .- 1423-0097. ; 150:1, s. 51-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Atopic eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which several subgroups of cases can be identified. Atopy patch testing (APT) reveals allergen sensitization also in atopic eczema patients devoid of detectable allergen-specific IgE, suggesting the importance of factors other than IgE in the reaction. Here we investigate the relationship between APT reactions and allergen-specific peripheral IgE and T cell reactivity in atopic eczema patients. Methods: Adult patients with atopic eczema (n = 64) and healthy controls (n = 24) were analyzed for reactivity to Malassezia sympodialis extract by APT, measurement of specific plasma IgE and in vitro determination of the frequency of allergen-reactive peripheral blood mononuclear cells producing interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 using the ELISpot method. Results: When combining the results of the APT, IgE measurements and the ELISpot analyses, reactivity to M. sympodialis was found in a majority of the atopic eczema patients (69%), whereas the healthy controls were negative throughout. T cell reactivity to M. sympodialis, manifested by production of both interleukins 4 and 5, was highly predictive for a positive APT reaction and displayed a strongly positive correlation with the APT score. In contrast, the allergen-specific IgE levels did not predict the APT outcome, and no correlation could be found between the IgE levels and the APT score. Conclusion: Peripheral allergen-specific T helper 2 cell-mediated reactivity appears to be required for a positive APT reaction to M. sympodialis. The diagnostic potential of measuring peripheral allergen-specific T cell responses should be considered in atopic eczema.
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| 39. |
- Johansson, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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The benefit of additional oviposition targets for a polyphagous butterfly
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Insect Science. - 1536-2442. ; 7:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the reasons for the prevalence of specialists over generalists among herbivorous insects have been at the focus of much interest, less effort has been put into understanding the polyphagous exceptions. Recent studies have suggested that these exceptions may be important for insect diversification, which calls for a better understanding of the potential factors that can lead to an increased host plant repertoire. Females of the Nymphalid butterfly, Polygonia c-album, were used to test if egg output and/or likelihood of finding a host increased with the addition of a secondary host. There was no effect of prior eggs on the host for willingness to oviposit on a plant. The main experiments were conducted both in small laboratory cages and in large outdoor experimental arenas. No positive effect was found when another oviposition target was added in small cages in the laboratory. On the other hand, in the outdoor arenas the females more often found a host to oviposit on and had a higher egg output when they had access to an additional host, even though the second host was lower in their preference hierarchy. The difference between these experiments was attributed to searching for acceptable host plants within a patch, a factor that was included in the large cages but not in the small. When host availability is limited, adding oviposition targets can potentially act to counterbalance specialization and thus favor the evolution of generalization.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Johansson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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A User Centred Process for Specification of Requirements for Usability and a Healthy Work
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Work With Computer Systems <em>Conference</em>.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes our experiences from a system development project at a Swedish government organisation. The primarily task in the project was to complement the organisations system development method with methods concerning usability, user centeredness and work environment, in purpose facilitate the development of usable IT-systems and a healthy work. We set focus on the future users in a very early stage in a development process engaging future users in comprehensive seminar process. They were there encouraged to propose their own future healthy work. Throughout the process, focus was on user centeredness and a future healthy work. More general, we have developed a method, vision seminars, for user centred specification of future work with a focus on organisational development and a healthy work.
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| 42. |
- Johansson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Analysing Service Recovery in an IT-based Service Setting
- 2005
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Ingår i: Studies in Business Networks: Some Thoughts on IT and Internationalization. - Västerås : Mälardalens högskola, Ekonomihögskolan. - 9185485063 ; , s. 137-153
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
- Johansson, Niklas
(författare)
-
Customer Value in a Self-Service Technology (SST) Context
- 2005
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Customers do not want services, not even good services. Customers are interested in the usefulness of products, i.e. the value of services and goods. The value is made up of the ability of the service to solve problems or satisfy needs that the customer might have (Echeverri and Edvardsson, 2002). Value is therefore important to comprehend regarding changes of value, feedback of customer value, creation of value and assessment of value. The importance of a value of goods and services is crucial to firms providing all types of products. This paper put emphasis on the understanding of customer value in a self-service technology (SST) context through development and recovery of services
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Johansson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Efficient IT support in care for the elderly : Experiences from the VIHO project
- 2005
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The main research objective for the VIHO project (Efficient Computer Support in Care for the Elderly) was to investigate how a home care and help service organization can be developed in order to be better prepared for future challenges, and how new technical systems could support the development process. We have studied the home help personnel’s need for support and investigated how the new organization could be formed in order to provide a healthy and sustainable work. Initial focus has been on the essential parts of the work and how the work could be improved in the future, and not on design of the technical support systems. Our basic point of view has been that correctly used, new technology can contribute, so that work and organisation develops in a positive way, patients are feeling sequre and the personnel’s work environment is improved. This means that the organisation better can fulfil expectations and requirements. The professions can be strengthened and the organisation will be able to meet future challanges. In this report we briefly describe the results and the methods used in the project.
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| 46. |
- Johansson, Niklas
(författare)
-
Insekter i Jönköpings län - En sammanställning av intressanta fynd 2005
- 2005
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Jönköpings län utgör en del av det inre Götaland, en region för vilken kunskapen om insekters förekomst och utbredning är högst fragmentarisk. I denna rapport redovisas en del av den kunskapsinsamling och de projekt som utförts under sommaren 2005 med avseende på insekter. Länstäckande inventeringar har gjorts efter läderbagge, (Osmoderma eremita) och trumgräshoppa, (Psophus stridulus) medan nya uppgifter inkommit om flera förekomster av väddsandbi (Andrena hattorfiana), Ekoxe (Lucanus cervus) samt klubbsprötad bastardsvärmare (Zygaena minos). Sammantaget visar fynden att flera insektsarter har mycket svaga förekomster i Jönköpings län, men också att graden av förbiseende är stor när det gäller denna mångformiga och artrika djurgrupp.
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| 47. |
- Johansson, Niklas
(författare)
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Inventering av sandödla (Lacerta agilis) I nordöstra delen av Jönköpings län 2005
- 2006
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I nordöstra delen av Jönköpings län 2005Sandödlan (Lacerta agilis) inventerades på uppdrag av länsstyrelsen i åtta områden (totalt 28 lokaler) i Jönköpings län under sju dagar mellan den 15 till 21 augusti 2005. Syftet var att komplettera inventeringarna av arten utförda 2003 och 2004 genom att närmare undersöka eventuell förekomst i nordöstra delen av länet.En ny lokal hittades, vilken ligger i ett nytt område i närheten av Järsnäs. I Jönköpings län finns sandödlan i dag på 22 säkra lokaler inom sju olika områden. Eftersom bara en ny lokal hittades verkar sandödlan vara sällsynt i den östra delen av länet. Förklaringar till detta skulle kunna vara de friskare markerna med ett större graninslag och den fragmenterade utbredningen av isälvsmaterial i denna del av länet.
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| 48. |
- Johansson, Niklas, 1978-
(författare)
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Making Maps and Keeping Logs : Quantum Gravity from Classical Viewpoints
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores three different aspects of quantum gravity. First we study D3-brane black holes in Calabi-Yau compactifications of type IIB string theory. Using the OSV conjecture and a relation between topological strings and matrix models we show that some black holes have a matrix model description. This is the case if the attractor mechanism fixes the internal geometry to a conifold at the black hole horizon. We also consider black holes in a flux compactification and compare the effects of the black holes and fluxes on the internal geometry. We find that the fluxes dominate. Second, we study the scalar potential of type IIB flux compactifications. We demonstrate that monodromies of the internal geometry imply as a general feature the existence of long series of continuously connected minima. This allows for the embedding of scenarios such as chain inflation and resonance tunneling into string theory. The concept of monodromies is also extended to include geometric transitions: passing to a different Calabi-Yau topology, performing its monodromies and then returning to the original space allows for novel transformations. All constructions are performed explicitly, using both analytical and numerical techniques, in the mirror quintic Calabi-Yau. Third, we study cosmological topologically massive gravity at the chiral point, a prime candidate for quantization of gravity in three dimensions. The prospects of this scenario depend crucially of the stability of the theory. We demonstrate the presence of a negative energy bulk mode that grows logarithmically toward the AdS boundary. The AdS isometry generators have non-unitary matrix representations like in logarithmic CFT, and we propose that the CFT dual for this theory is logarithmic. In a complementing canonical analysis we also demonstrate the existence of this bulk degree of freedom, and we present consistent boundary conditions encompassing the new mode.
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| 49. |
- Johansson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Revisiting Amit and Zott's model of value creation sources : The SymBelt Customer Center case
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research. - Curicó, Chile : Universidad de Talca. - 0718-1876. ; 1:3, s. 16-27
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amit and Zott [2] recognized the importance of understanding value sources in electronic business (ebusiness).However, the concept of e-business is rather broad and therefore this paper suggests a more narrowfocus on the value of complementary services. The reason for this approach is an ever-increasing importancefor firms to provide complimentary services supporting products. Amit and Zotts [2] model of the sources ofvalue creation in e-business includes four dimensions of value creation; efficiency, lock-in, complementaritiesand novelty. In contrast to Amit and Zott [2], we suggest that the four dimensions of the model should not onlybe used as value creation sources, but moreover as value evaluation dimensions.The findings of this case study, where Metso Papers Internet-based service (a complementary service) andsome of their customers perceptions of the service have been studied, show that the customers have used theservices infrequently. This study also shows that in this specific business-to-business context, thecharacteristics of the product, which the Internet-based service supports, are vital. Therefore, we suggest amodification of Amit and Zotts [2] business model when used as a model for value evaluation of complementaryservices, to replace complementarities with nature of the core product.
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| 50. |
- Johansson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Searching for degeneracies of real Hamiltonians using homotopy classification of loops in SO(n)
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 71:1, s. 012106-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Topological tests to detect degeneracies of Hamiltonians have been put forward in the past. Here, we address the applicability of a recently proposed test [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 060406 (2004)] for degeneracies of real Hamiltonian matrices. This test relies on the existence of nontrivial loops in the space of eigenbases SO$(n)$. We develop necessary means to determine the homotopy class of a given loop in this space. Furthermore, in cases where the dimension of the relevant Hilbert space is large the application of the original test may not be immediate. To remedy this deficiency, we put forward a condition for when the test is applicable to a subspace of Hilbert space. Finally, we demonstrate that applying the methodology of [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 060406 (2004)] to the complex Hamiltonian case does not provide any new information.
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