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- Baldi, Francesco, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Energy analysis of a ship - the case study of a chemical tanker
- 2014
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Ingår i: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-6102. ; 61, s. 1732-1735
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improved understanding of ship energy use can be a crucial part of the process of increasing ship energy efficiency. In this paper, the methodology of energy analysis is applied to ship energy systems in order to showcase the benefits of such methodology. Data from one year of operations of a case study ship were used, together with mechanistic knowledge of ship systems, in order to evaluate the different energy flows. The identification of main producers, consumers and waste flows, allowed by the application of the method, leads to the suggestion of a number of possible improvements guided by the improved knowledge of the ship's energy system.
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| 2. |
- Baldi, Francesco, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Energy and exergy analysis of ship energy systems - the case study of a chemical tanker
- 2014
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Ingår i: 27th ECOS, International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems. - 9781634391344
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shipping is already a relevant contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions, and its share is expected to grow together with global trade in the coming years. At the same time, bunker prices are increasing and companies start to feel the pressure of growing fuel bills in their balance sheet. In order to address both challenges, it is important to improve the understanding of how ship energy consumption is generated, through a detailed analysis of its energy systems. In this paper, a method for the analysis of ship energy systems is proposed and applied on one year of operations of a chemical tanker, for which both measurements and mechanistic knowledge of ship systems were available. Energy analysis applied to the case-study vessel allowed comparing different energy flows and therefore identifying system components and interactions critical for ship energy consumption. Exergy analysis allowed instead identifying main inefficiencies and evaluating waste flows. This last information was then processed in order to estimate the potential for waste energy recovery under different conditions. Results showed that propulsion is the main contributor to ship energy consumption (70%), but that also auxiliary heat (16.5%) and power (13.5%) needs are relevant sources of energy consumption. The potential for waste heat recovery is relevant, especially in the exhaust gas, which contains an exergy flow sized 18% of engine power output.
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| 3. |
- Johnson, Hannes, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Barriers to improving energy efficiency in short sea shipping: an action research case study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 66, s. 317-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased energy efficiency will be paramount in mitigating CO2 emissions from shipping. Paradoxically, previous research has shown that a substantial amount of measures, that typically increase energy efficiency, should be cost-efficient to implement. This is often explained in literature in terms of barriers in markets, institutions and organizations. This article is the first of a series of articles from a joint industry project aiming at understanding good energy management practices. It explores barriers to energy efficiency in shipping through a case study of a short sea shipping company in their process to improve their approach to managing work with energy efficiency. An action research approach was chosen to contribute to better practice as well as knowledge in the research community. The study shows that work with energy efficiency was not straightforward, and several challenge areas could be discerned: project management capabilities, ship-shore communication, division of responsibilities, access to performance measurements, and competence in energy efficiency. The action research approach gave rich insight and new perspectives were gained on the traditional barrier discourse.
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| 6. |
- Taljegård, Maria, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-Effective Choices of Marine Fuels in a Carbon-Constrained World: Results from a Global Energy Model
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environmental Science & Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 48:21, s. 12986-12993
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The regionalized Global Energy Transition model has been modified to include a more detailed shipping sector in order to assess what marine fuels and propulsion technologies might be cost-effective by 2050 when achieving an atmospheric CO2 concentration of 400 or 500 ppm by the year 2100. The robustness of the results was examined in a Monte Carlo analysis, varying uncertain parameters and technology options, including the amount of primary energy resources, the availability of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, and costs of different technologies and fuels. The four main findings are (i) it is cost-effective to start the phase out of fuel oil from the shipping sector in the next decade; (ii) natural gas-based fuels (liquefied natural gas and methanol) are the most probable substitutes during the study period; (iii) availability of CCS, the CO2 target, the liquefied natural gas tank cost and potential oil resources affect marine fuel choices significantly; and (iv) biofuels rarely play a major role in the shipping sector, due to limited supply and competition for bioenergy from other energy sectors.
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