| 1. |
- Dahlström, Mia, et al.
(författare)
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Surface wettability as a determinant in the settlement of the barnacle Balanus Improvisus (DARWIN)
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0981. ; 305:2, s. 223-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies have shown that the initial surface wettability, is of importance in the settlement of macrofouling larvae such as barnacles, bryozoans and hydroids in the field as well as in laboratory assays. In this study we present results from laboratory assays using hydrophilic and hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) and cyprid larvae of Balanus improvisus (Darwin). The results obtained differ markedly from those reported for the barnacle Balanus amphitrite (Darwin), where a high surface wettability seemed to be preferred for settlement. Our results show that a surface with intermediary wettability (hydrophilic PS) reduced settlement by 38% as compared to surfaces of low wettability (hydrophobic PS) during an 8-day period. During the experiment, the wettability in the hydrophilic PS dishes was not significantly changed as measured by advancing contact angle with mQ water. Over an 8-day period wettability of the hydrophobic PS dishes approached that of the hydrophilic PS surfaces. We further conducted experiments with highly hydrophilic and highly hydrophobic methylsilane-treated glass surfaces with known chemistry. In this experiment, the settlement of cyprid larvae was completely inhibited by the high wettability surfaces. Contact angle measurements revealed that the wettability during the length of the experiment of the hydrophilic glass surfaces was not significantly altered. We conclude by these experiments that even an intermediate wettability can significantly affect the overall settlement success of the barnacle B. improvisus. The mechanism by which the settlement is impeded might be biologically mediated through the recognition by cyprid larvae of the molecular composition of the surface when the cyprid reverts to the settlement phase, i.e. when swimming behaviour is abandoned in favour of surface exploration, or it is mediated by physicochemical forces acting between the surface and the larval body or the larval antennules. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Anton, Raul, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling of Air Conditioning Systems for Cooling of Data Centers
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proc. 8<sup>th</sup> InterSociety Conf. on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITherm 2002), San Diego, CA, USA. - : IEEE Press. - 0780371526 ; , s. 552-558
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cooling of data centers has emerged as an area of increasing importance in the field of electronics thermal management. As the packaging and power densities are steadily increasing, so will the need for efficient and reliable cooling systems.In this paper, a model of an air conditioning unit is described. The model offers considerable flexibility in terms of the ability to choose between different designs of heat exchangers (evaporators and condensers), and working media, and hence the model offers the possibility to optimize the design.The model is developed using EES (Engineering Equation Solver), a programming environment that provides the thermo-physical properties for the working media used. The heat transfer and pressure drop in the components are modeled using an integral approach, i.e. the overall behavior of each component is modeled. This approach has been proven to give adequate accuracy.
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| 4. |
- Anton, Raul, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling of EMC Screens for Radio Base Stations : Part 2: Evaluation of Turbulence Models
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proc. 9th InterSociety Conf. on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITherm 2004), Las Vegas, NV, USA. - : IEEE Press. - 0780383575 ; , s. 471-478
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of five well-known turbulence models and 2 wall treatments, in order to predict the details of the flow patterns through an EMC (ElectroMagnetic Compatibility) screen. The employed turbulence models are investigated in the present study is four different eddy-viscosity models; the standard k-ε model, the renormalization group (RNG) k-ε model, the realizable k-ε model and the k-ω model, as well as the Reynolds stress model, RSM. The commercial finite volume code Fluent 6.1 was used for simulation. A steady-state three-dimensional model, which serves as the most accurate representation of the model, was used in order to predict the details of the air flow paths and pressure field. The flow was assumed to be isothermal, turbulent and incompressible. The numerical predictions were validated experimentally by using wind tunnel measurements and smoke visualization. The performances of the turbulence models are discussed and the RSM results are compared with other two-equation turbulence models. The result shows that choosing the right turbulence model and wall treatment does not have a great influence on the prediction of pressure drop and the velocity field. The pressure field is over predicted about 15% and the velocity average deviation at several locations before and after the screen is less than 10%. Simulations using a hydraulic impedance surface, i.e. without a detail modeling of the EMC screen, show that the pressure field is also over predicted and great differences are observed in the velocity field.
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| 5. |
- Anton Remirez, Raul, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling of EMC screens for radio base stations Part 1 : Experimental parametric study
- 2004
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Ingår i: ITherm 2004, Vol 1. - : IEEE. - 0780383575 ; , s. 463-470
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enclosing electronics in sealed metal boxes provides good electromagnetic shielding, but evidently restricts the air movement necessary for adequate cooling. In order to meet ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements, a perforated plate (an EMC screen) must be used. The design of this screen must provide a sufficient free area ratio for the adequate airflow, but at the same time the holes must be small enough to block electromagnetic radiation. An experimental set-up that represents a Radio Base Station (RBS) subrack was built inside a wind tunnel. The airflow pattern and pressure drop through the EMC screen were investigated experimentally for different subrack geometries, screen porosities and velocities, and the recirculation zones were identified. The study was performed by means of pressure and velocity measurements, together with smoke visualization under isothermal conditions.
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| 6. |
- Bydler, Charlotte
(författare)
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The Global Art World, Inc. : On the globalization of contemporary art
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study examines certain segments of the art world-system in which geographical distances seemed to vanishing as a result of faster and more intense interaction levels. This particular art world-system has been conceptualized in contradictory ways. It has been called a “global village”, and has been seen as homogenized and diversified, as well as both expanding, and contracting. Experiences of mutual understanding and shared artistic values underly the possibilities of particular art world expanding. This premise was identified as a “western art concept”, so-called institutional art theory. However, the expectations of audiences, critics, and artists are changing. The widening cultural labour-market supplies new and unfamiliar historical references to the authoritative literature and artworks of the “western art concept”. I have sought out both shared and diverse authorities through case studies of contemporary art biennials held in Venice, Havana, Istanbul, and Kwangju, as well as the itinerant Manifesta. All of the above constitute an important labour-market for the increasing numbers of freelancing art world professionals.The thesis derived from these examples is that the identification of the art concept as a western phenomenon, which is based on claiming the origins and even the ownership of practices represented within historical (historicist) institutions, is untenable. The avant-garde art world, in contrast, attempts to globally break with art concepts. It seeks out resistance to art world discourse, that which sits on the walls of educational institutions, museums, and the knowledge represented therein. Art worlds, however, are connected regionally. They are not stable, and are even less identifiably western. It is thus difficult to historicize the art concept in order to create this resistance. Nevertheless, it may be legitimate to attempt this, in order to provide a means of inspection and comparison. Individuals within the art world-system are nevertheless interpelled as subjects of history in reference to institutionalized precedents. This calls for a re-writing of art history, taking into account multiple discontinuities instead of relying on chronology.
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| 7. |
- Carlsten, Hans, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of a new immunomodulator oxo-quinoline-3-carboxamide on the progression of experimental lupus
- 2004
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Ingår i: Int Immunopharmacol. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-5769. ; 4:12, s. 1515-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autoimmune, lupus-prone MRL lpr/lpr mice were treated orally with oxo-quinoline-3-carboxamide (ABR-25757), a newly developed immunomodulator. Treatment was initiated in one set of experiment at the age of 10 weeks, before the onset of clinically apparent disease, and in another set at 15 weeks, after the development of established lupus disease. Beneficial therapeutic effects were obtained even when ABR-25757 was administered at the lowest dose tested (7.5 microg/mouse/week) to 15 weeks old mice with established lupus disease. The effects of ABR-25757 on longevity, as well as on development of glomerulonephritis were pronounced and comparable with those of LS-2616, a potent immunomodulator. Administration of ABR-25757 did not significantly alter T cell responses in vivo nor in vitro. In addition, it only marginally suppressed B cell responses measured as frequencies of immunoglobulin secreting cells. By the same token this compound did not affect overall leukocyte content in primary (bone marrow) or secondary (spleen) lymphoid tissues. In contrast, treatment with ABR-25757 up regulated expression of pro-inflammatory transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1. These results suggest (a) a potential therapeutic role of ABR-25757 in the treatment of experimental lupus and (b) that the effect of the treatment is mediated by immunodeviation rather than by immunosuppression.
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| 8. |
- Cronstrand, P., et al.
(författare)
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Density functional response theory calculations of three-photon absorption
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 121:19, s. 9239-9246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three-photon absorption probabilities delta(3PA) have been calculated through application of a recently derived method for cubic response functions within density functional theory (DFT). Calculations are compared with Hartree-Fock (HF) and with a coupled cluster hierarchy of models in a benchmarking procedure. Except for cases having intermediate states near resonance, density functional theory is demonstrated to be in sufficient agreement with the highly correlated methods in order to qualify for predictions of delta(3PA). For the larger systems addressed, a set of acceptor A and donor D substituted pi-conjugated systems formed by trans-stilbene and dithienothiophene (DTT), we find noticeable differences in the magnitude of delta(3PA) between HF and DFT, although similar trends are followed. It is shown that the dipolar structures, TS-AD and DTT-AD, have substantially larger delta(3PA) than other types of modifications which is in accordance with observations for two-photon absorption. This is the first application of density functional theory to three-photon absorption beyond the use of few-state models.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Degermark, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of CRTP performance over cellular radio links
- 2000
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Ingår i: IEEE personal communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1070-9916 .- 1558-0652. ; 7:4, s. 20-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To make mobile IP telephony over cellular radio systems an economically viable alternative to circuit-switched voice, it is an absolute requirement that the 40-octet IP/UDP/RTP headers on IP telephony packets be reduced in size to conserve bandwidth and radio spectrum. We evaluate the performance of the default header compression scheme for IP/UDP/RTP, CRTP (RFC-2508), over links built on cellular radio access technology. We find that CRTP does not perform adequately over such links, and suggest that a more robust header compression scheme must be developed to make IP telephony over cellular economically viable.
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| 12. |
- Erlandsson, M C, et al.
(författare)
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Oestrogen receptor specificity in oestradiol-mediated effects on B lymphopoiesis and immunoglobulin production in male mice.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Immunology. - 0019-2805. ; 108:3, s. 346-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oestrogen treatment down-regulates B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow of mice. Meanwhile it up-regulates immunoglobulin production. To understand better the oestrogen action on bone marrow male mice lacking oestrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha; ERKO mice), lacking ERbeta (BERKO mice), lacking both receptors (DERKO mice) or wild-type (wt) littermates were castrated and treated for 2.5 weeks with 30 microg/kg 17beta-oestradiol (E2) or vehicle oil as controls. The B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow was examined by flow cytometry and mature B-cell function was studied using an ELISPOT assay enumerating the B cells in bone marrow and spleen that were actively producing immunoglobulins. In wt mice the frequency of B-lymphopoietic (B220+) cells in the bone marrow decreased from 15% to 5% upon E2 treatment. In ERKO and BERKO mice significant reduction was seen but not of the same magnitude. In DERKO mice no reduction of B lymphopoiesis was seen. In addition, our results show that E2 mediated reduction of different steps in B lymphopoiesis require only ERalpha or both receptors. In wt and BERKO mice E2 treatment resulted in significantly increased levels of B cells actively producing immunoglobulin, while in ERKO and DERKO mice no such change was seen. Similar results were found in both bone marrow and spleen. In conclusion our results clearly show that both ERalpha and ERbeta are required for complete down-regulation of B lymphopoiesis while only ERalpha is needed to up-regulate immunoglobulin production in both bone marrow and spleen.
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| 13. |
- Erlandsson, M C, et al.
(författare)
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Raloxifene- and estradiol-mediated effects on uterus, bone and B lymphocytes in mice.
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - 0022-0795. ; 175:2, s. 319-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator approved for the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is selective by having estrogen-agonistic effects on bone, vessels and blood lipids while it is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue. Our aim was to study the agonistic and antagonistic properties of the raloxifene analogue LY117018 (LY) on uterus, bone, B lymphopoiesis and B cell function. Oophorectomized and sham-operated animals were treated with s.c. injections of equipotent anti-osteoporotic doses of 17beta-estradiol (E2) (0.1 mg/kg) or LY (3 mg/kg) or vehicle as controls. Effects on bone mineral density (BMD) were studied using peripheral quantitative computed tomography, uterine weight was examined, B lymphopoiesis was examined using flow cytometry and B cell function in bone marrow and spleen was studied by the use of an ELISPOT assay. E2 and LY had similar effects on BMD and bone marrow B lymphopoiesis, while LY had a clear antagonistic effect on endogenous estrogen in uterine tissue and no stimulating effect on the frequency of Ig-producing B cells in sham-operated animals. Our results are discussed in the context of estrogen receptor biology, relations between the immune system and bone metabolism and also with respect to the estrogen-mediated effects on rheumatic diseases.
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| 14. |
- Fritzell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness of lumbar fusion and nonsurgical treatment for chronic low back pain in the Swedish lumbar spine study : A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial from the Swedish Lumbar Spine Study Group
- 2004
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Ingår i: Spine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0362-2436 .- 1528-1159. ; 29:4, s. 421-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Design. A cost-effectiveness study was performed from the societal and health care perspectives. Objective. To evaluate the costs-effectiveness of lumbar fusion for chronic low back pain (CLBP) during a 2-year follow-up. Summary of Background Data. A full economic evaluation comparing costs related to treatment effects in patients with CLBP is lacking. Patients and Methods. A total of 284 of 294 patients with CLBP for at least 2 years were randomized to either lumbar fusion or a nonsurgical control group. Costs for the health care sector ( direct costs), and costs associated with production losses ( indirect costs) were calculated. Societal total costs were identified as the sum of direct and indirect costs. Treatment effects were measured using patient global assessment of improvement, back pain ( VAS), functional disability (Owestry), and return to work. Results. The societal total cost per patient ( standard deviations) in the surgical group was significantly higher than in the nonsurgical group: Swedish kroner (SEK) 704,000 ( 254,000) vs. SEK 636,000 ( 208,000). The cost per patient for the health care sector was significantly higher for the surgical group, SEK 123,000 ( 60,100) vs. 65,200 ( 38,400) for the control group. All treatment effects were significantly better after surgery. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio ( ICER), illustrating the extra cost per extra effect unit gained by using fusion instead of nonsurgical treatment, were for improvement: SEK 2,600 ( 600 - 5,900), for back pain: SEK 5,200 ( 1,100 - 11,500), for Oswestry: SEK 11,300 ( 1,200 - 48,000), and for return to work: SEK 4,100 ( 100 21,400). Conclusion. For both the society and the health care sectors, the 2-year costs for lumbar fusion was significantly higher compared with nonsurgical treatment but all treatment effects were significantly in favor of surgery. The probability of lumbar fusion being cost-effective increased with the value put on extra effect units gained by using surgery.
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| 15. |
- Hedbom, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Protecting Stateless Security Policies using One-Way Functions
- 2001
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses the problem of protecting security-related information in security extensions, e.g. the detection policy in an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) or the filtering policy in a firewall. Knowledge of the security policy would potentially facilitate the penetrationof an intruder into the target system, the short-circuiting of a firewall or the circumvention of the IDSs detection mechanisms. To avoid this risk we suggest that thepolicy be protected using one-way functions and the paper suggests a scheme for protecting stateless policies. A stateless policy is a policy that takes only the current event into consideration when decisions are made and not the preceding chain of events. Thus, theprocess of comparing events towards the policy, i.e. making decisions, can be done in much the same way that passwords are hashed and compared in UNIX systems. However, one important distinction is that security policies contain a certain variability that must bemanaged, and a method for this is discussed. Finally, we discuss an automated tool for compiling a policy into a protected policy.
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| 16. |
- Hedbom, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Risks and Dangers of Security Extensions
- 2001
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Securing computer systems is an increasing concern as more and more systems are connected together in large networks. Traditional operating system based protection mechanisms have failed to fully meet the demands of this new situation. To overcome some of the shortcomings of these mechanisms new types have been developed with the intention to stop or reduce the impact of the new threats. We would like to call these new mechanisms security extensions, since they are not usually part of the core operating system. However, security extensions often contain sensitive and vital information that also needs to be secured. Usually they are dependent on the security mechanisms of the operating system for their own protection, i.e., they are dependent on the security of a mechanism whose insecurity they are supposed to patch. This is clearly an undesirable situation. We thus argue that security extensions actually add risks and vulnerabilities to the system when the underlying system is insecure or when they are not capable of handling their own security by themselves. In this paper, we discuss and analyze possible vulnerabilities in three types of security extensions, i.e., anti-malware software, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems. We also introduce a crude classification scheme for the different types of risks that the security extensions discussed add to the system.
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| 17. |
- Islander, Ulrika, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of oestrogen receptor alpha and beta on the immune system in aged female mice.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0019-2805 .- 1365-2567. ; 110:1, s. 149-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oestrogen has a dichotomous effect on the immune system. T and B lymphopoiesis in thymus and bone marrow is suppressed, whereas antibody production is stimulated by oestrogen. In this study the importance of the oestrogen receptors (ER) ER-alpha and ER-beta in the aged immune system was investigated in 18 months old-wild type (WT), ER-alpha (ERKO), ER-beta (BERKO) and double ER-alpha and ER-beta (DERKO) knock-out mice, and compared with 4 months old WT mice. Cell phenotypes in bone marrow, spleen and thymus, and the frequency of immunoglobulin (Ig) spot forming cells (SFC) were determined. We show here that the 17-beta-oestradiol (E2)-induced downregulation of B lymphopoietic cells in bone marrow of young ovariectomized mice can be mediated through both ER-alpha and ER-beta. However, only ER-alpha is required for the age-related increased frequency of immunoglobulin M (IgM) SFC in the bone marrow, as well as for the increased production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) from cultured splenocytes in aged mice. Furthermore, increased age in WT mice resulted in lower levels of both pro- and pre-B cells but increased frequency of IgM SFC in the bone marrow, as well as increased frequency of both IgM and IgA SFC in the spleen. Results from this study provide valuable information regarding the specific functions of ER-alpha and ER-beta in the aged immune system.
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| 18. |
- Jansik, Branislav, et al.
(författare)
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Calculations of static and dynamic polarizabilities of excited states by means of density functional theory
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 121:16, s. 7595-7600
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present density functional theory and calculations for excited state second order, static or dynamic, properties. The excited state properties are identified from a double residue of a cubic response function. The performance of various functionals, including the generalized gradient approximation and fractional exact Hartree-Fock exchange, is compared to coupled cluster calculations. Applications on excited state polarizabilities of s-tetrazine and pyrimidine show a good agreement with ab initio correlated, coupled cluster, results.
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Jan, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous GPS measurements of postglacial adjustment in Fennoscandia - 1. Geodetic results
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 107:B8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Project BIFROST (Baseline Inferences for Fennoscandian Rebound Observations, Sea-level, and Tectonics) combines networks of continuously operating GPS receivers in Sweden and Finland to measure ongoing crustal deformation due to glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). We present an analysis of data collected between August 1993 and May 2000. We compare the GPS determinations of three-dimensional crustal motion to predictions calculated using the high-resolution Fennoscandian deglaciation model recently proposed by Lambeck et al. [1998a, 1998b]. We find that the maximum observed uplift rate (~10 mm/yr) and the maximum predicted uplift rate agree to better than 1 mm yr-1. The patterns of uplift also agree quite well, although significant systematic differences are evident. The root-mean-square residual rate for a linear error model yields estimates of rate accuracy of 0.4 mm/yr for east, 0.3 mm/yr for north, and 1.3 mm/yr for up; these figures incorporate model errors, however. We have also compared the values for the observed radial deformation rates to those based on sea level rates from Baltic tide gauges. The observational error for the vertical GPS rates required to give a reduced chi^2 of unity is 0.8 mm/yr. The time series do exhibit temporal variations at seasonal frequencies, as well as apparent low-frequency noise. An empirical orthogonal function analysis indicates that the temporal variations are highly correlated among the sites. The correlation appears to be regional and falls off only slightly with distance. Some of this correlated noise is associated with snow accumulation on the antennas or, for those antennas with radomes, on the radomes. This problem has caused us to modify the radomes used several times, leading to one of our more significant sources of uncertainty.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Jonsson, D., et al.
(författare)
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The Cotton-Mouton effect of gaseous CO2, N2O, OCS, and CS2. A cubic response multiconfigurational self-consistent field study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 114:19, s. 8372-8381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypermagnetizability and the hypermagnetizability anisotropy of CO2, N2O, OCS, and CS2 are computed at a wavelength of 632.8 nm using cubic response theory with multiconfigurational self-consistent field wave functions. The anisotropies of the electric dipole polarizability and of the magnetizability are also obtained. This allows us to study the temperature dependence of the Cotton-Mouton constant for all four molecules and thus to compare to the results of the experimental study by Kling and Huttner [Chem. Phys. Lett. 90, 207 (1984)]. We also assess the importance of pure and zero-point vibrational effects on the relevant molecular properties. In particular, we show that for CO2, OCS, and CS2, the pure vibrational effects to the hypermagnetizability anisotropy can be even more important than the electronic contribution.
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| 22. |
- Jonsson, Hans
(författare)
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Anticipating, experiencing and valuing the transition from worker to retiree : a longitudinal study of retirement as an occupational transition
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general aim of this thesis was to explore and understand the retirement process from an occupational perspective. Exploration of the retirement process included attitudes, preparations and expectations before retirement, experiences of the transition as new retirees, and experiences of daily life as established retirees including a retrospective view on the retirement process. Study I explored attitudes to work and retirement among a group of working people at the age of 63. About four out of five had a positive attitude to their retirement. About three-quarters had a positive attitude to paid and/or volunteer work in retirement, most of these with reasons other than financial as the most important reason. Implications regarding the values and role of work in retirement in relation to society and culture were discussed. Studies II and III explored the retirement process among a group of participants anticipating retirement (study II) and experiencing retirement as new retirees (study III). These studies used narrative analysis looking at basic directions in the narratives. The results showed that retirement is anticipated differently by people and that the direction of the narratives depended on a person's experience of the value of work relative to other occupations. In study III, the narratives of about one third of the participants changed direction. This change related to either the participant's own action to change it or to unexpected consequences of the transition. Study IV was a seven year longitudinal study of the process from worker to established retiree. The results showed that the process was an interaction between a participant's narrative and the living world which sometimes provided surprises and periods of turbulence. An overall finding was that a special type of occupation, conceptualized as engaging occupation, had a close relationship to retirement satisfaction. Results suggested implications on the importance of differentiation of occupation and how motivation in occupation is regarded. Study V explored the experience of the retirement transition by a group of newly retired. The findings showed that a gliding process to a slower rhythm with a new temporal adaptation took place. Occupations also changed meaning. One pattern was to go from one type of occupational imbalance before retirement to another type of occupational imbalance after retirement. In summary, retirement was seen as a dynamic occupational transition where the individual interacted with the environment. The new patterns that were established often had unexpected consequences on other occupations and on the occupational pattern as a whole.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Jonsson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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CFD Modeling of the Cooling Performance of Pin Fin Heat Sinks Under Bypass Flow Conditions
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IPACK’01 The Pacific Rim/ASME International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition July 8-13, 2001, Kauai, Hawaii, USA. - : ASME Press.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three-dimensional CFD models of circular pin fin heat sinksin bypass flow have been developed. The numerical modelshave been validated against experimental data presented earlierby the authors. A parametric study has been performed wherethe inlet velocity, the fin height, the fin-to-fin distance and thepin orientation was varied. For all cases, the duct flow area washeld constant. The flow was turbulent, the Reynolds numbervaried between 6 100 and 15 300. For turbulence modeling theChen-Kim k-ε model was used. Results are presented for theheat transfer coefficient, and the pressure drop, as well as theinfluence of flow bypass, and the leakage from the interfinregion to the bypass regions of the domain. The inlet velocity,the fin height, and the fin-to-fin distance all showed a stronginfluence on the heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop.
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| 25. |
- Jonsson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Enhancement of the Cooling Performance of Circular Pin Fin Heat Sinks Under Flow Bypass Conditions
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proc. 8<sup>th</sup> InterSociety Conf. on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITherm 2002), San Diego, CA, USA. - : IEEE Press. - 0780371526 ; , s. 425-432
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- CFD models of circular pin fin heat sinks have beendeveloped. The heat sinks are situated in bypass flow in a duct with constant dimensions. The air velocity was constant,the flow was turbulent, and for turbulence modeling the Chen-Kim k-ε model was used. The influence of increasing fin height in the flow direction, and uneven distribution of the fins in the lengthwise and the spanwise direction are studied. In the case of increasing fin height, it was shown that an increase in the heat transfer coefficient can be achieved without an increase in pressure drop when compared at equal mean fin height. In the case of uneven distribution of the fins it was shown that the heat transfer coefficient could be increased by an uneven distribution of the fins in the lengthwise direction, using smaller fin spacing at the trailing edge of the heat sink. Results also showed that some cases of unevenly distributed fins in the spanwise direction could achieve an increase inthe heat transfer coefficient. These cases had smaller fin spacing at the center of the heat sink, and the fin height was close to the duct height. The pressure drop was almost thesame as for heat sinks with even distribution of the fins.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Jonsson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling of the thermal and hydraulic performance of plate fin, strip fin, and pin fin heat sinks : Influence of flow bypass
- 2001
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on components and packaging technologies (Print). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1521-3331 .- 1557-9972. ; 24:2, s. 142-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tests have been conducted in a wind tunnel with seven types of heat sinks including plate fin, strip fin, and pin fin heat sinks. In the case of strip fin, and pin fin heat sinks, both in-line and staggered arrays have been studied. The pin fin heat sinks had circular and square cross-sections, For each type, tests were run with fin heights (H) of 10, 15, and 20 mm while the heat sink width (B) was kept constant and equal to 52.8 mm. In total, 42 different heat sinks were tested, The width of the wind tunnel duct (CB) was varied in such a way that results were obtained for B/CB = 0.84, 0.53, and 0.33. The wind tunnel height (CH) was varied similarly, and data were recorded for H/CH = 1, 0.67, and 0.33 while the duct Reynolds number was varied between 2 000 through 16 500. An empirical bypass correlation has been developed for the different fin designs. The correlation predicts the Nusselt number and the dimensionless pressure drop and takes into account the influence of duct height, duct width, fin height, fin thickness, and fin-to-fin distance. The correlation parameters are individual for each fin design. Further, a physical bypass model for plate fin heat sinks has been developed to describe the bypass effect.
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| 31. |
- Jonsson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Thermal and hydraulic behavior of plate fin and strip fin heat sinks under varying bypass conditions
- 2000
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on components and packaging technologies (Print). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1521-3331 .- 1557-9972. ; 23:1, s. 47-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tests have been conducted in a wind tunnel with nine heat sinks of three different types including plate fin heat sinks and strip fin heat sinks arranged in both inline and staggered arrays. For each type, tests were run with fin heights (H) of 10, 15, and 20 mm while the heat sink width (B) was kept constant and equal to 52.8 mm. The width of the wind tunnel duct (CB) was varied in such a way that results were obtained for B/CB = 0.84, 0.53, and 0.33. The wind tunnel height (CH) was varied similarly, and data were recorded for H/CH = 1, 0.67, and 0.33 while the duct Reynolds number was varied between 2000 through 14000. An empirical bypass correlation has been fitted to the experimental data. Generally, the agreement between experimental data and correlation is within +/-10% for the thermal resistance, and within +/-20% for the pressure drop. From the experimental data, the fraction of the total airflow passing through the heat sink have been estimated and are compared to a simple physical bypass model.
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| 32. |
- Jonsson, Hans, 1969-
(författare)
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Turbulent Forced Convection Air Cooling of Electronics with Heat Sinks Under Flow Bypass Conditions
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Air cooling is still the dominant method for dissipating theheat produced by electronic components. In a typical electronicdevice, the components are situated on a Printed Circuit Board(PCB). For most applications natural convection is sufficientto cool the components. However in some cases forced convectionair cooling, which provides more effective cooling, has to beused. In cases with high heat fluxes the switch from natural toforced convection is not enough and in these cases the surfacearea of the components must also be increased by means of aheat sink, i.e. a finned surface. The size of the components isoften considerably smaller than the PCB, and in cases whereheat sinks are used, the heat sink seldom covers the air flowduct formed by two parallel PCBs. Since the air flow is seekingthe path of least resistance, some of it will bypass the heatsink. This air flow bypass has a major impact on theperformance of the heat sink, why knowledge of the amount ofbypass flow is of vital importance. The aim of this work has been to investigate the influenceof flow bypass on the performance of heat sinks used forelectronics cooling. The focus has been set on determining theparameters that influence the bypass, and to quantify theirrelative importance using experimental and numericaltechniques. Experimentaland numerical parametric studies have beenperformed. The influence of duct dimensions, air velocity, fintype, array arrangement, fin height, and fin-to-fin distance onthe thermal and hydraulic performance of plate fin, strip fin,and pin fin heat sinks have been investigated. The flow wasturbulent, and the Reynolds number was varied between 1 700 and16 000. Measurements have been performed in a wind tunnel. Intotal 42 different heat sinks were tested in seven differentduct configurations. For the plate fin heat sinks and thecircular pin fin heat sinks, numerical predictions have beenperformed by using the finite element code FIDAP and the finitevolume code PHOENICS, respectively. For turbulence modeling therevised RNG k-ε model and the Chen-Kim k-ε model wereused. The agreement between the results from the experimental andnumerical investigations was very good, suggesting that acombination of the two methods can be a powerful tool forpredicting the thermal and hydraulic performance of heat sinks.The experimental data can be used to validate the numericalmodel, which in turn can be used for parametric studies. The results of the investigations showed that the thermalperformance was most influenced by the duct height, and the airvelocity while the hydraulic performance was dependent on allthe investigated parameters. From the experimental and numerical results severalcorrelations have been developed to describe the relativeimportance of the investigated parameters. The agreementbetween the source data and the correlations is very good, aswell as the agreement between the correlations developed withdata from the experimental and the numerical investigationsrespectively. Keywords: forced convection, heat transfer, pressuredrop, turbulent, air cooling, bypass, plate, strip, pin, fin,heat sink, electronics, experimental,numerical, CFD
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| 33. |
- Jonsson, K., et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular cloning and characterization of two Helicobacter pylori genes coding for plasminogen-binding proteins
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 101:7, s. 1852-1857
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter pylori binds a number of host cell proteins, including the plasma protein plasminogen, which is the proenzyme of the serine protease plasmin. Two H. pylori plasminogen-binding proteins have been described, however, no genes were identified. Here we report the use of a phage display library to clone two genes from the H. pylori CCUG 17874 genome that mediate binding to plasminogen. DNA sequence analysis of one of these genes revealed 96.6% homology with H. pylori 26695 HP0508. A subsequent database search revealed that the amino acid sequence of a lysine-rich C-terminal segment of HP0508 is identical to the C terminus of HP0863. Recombinant proteins expressed from HP0508 and HP0863 bound plasminogen specifically and in a lysine-dependent manner. We designate these genes pgbA and pgbB, respectively. These proteins are expressed by a variety of H. pylori strains, have surface-exposed domains, and do not inhibit plasminogen activation. These results indicate that pgbA and pgbB may allow H. pylori to coat its exterior with plasminogen, which subsequently can be activated to plasmin. The surface acquisition of protease activity may enhance the virulence of H. pylori.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Jonsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Patterning of tantalum pentoxide, a high epsilon material, by inductively coupled plasma etching
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B. - : American Vacuum Society. - 2166-2746 .- 2166-2754. ; 18:4, s. 1906-1910
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrated capacitors can easily cover a major part of the total chip area which may seriously affect the cost to produce the chip. By using a high epsilon material as the dielectric material, in the capacitor, the size can be reduced significantly. One very promising candidate is tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5)" role="presentation" style="display: inline; line-height: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">(Ta2O5)(Ta2O5)which has a dielectric constant of about 25. This should be compared to silicon nitride which has a dielectric constant of 8. In order to make integrated capacitors the tantalum pentoxide must be patterned. Results of a study on etching of tantalum pentoxide, silicon dioxide, and polysilicon with a high density plasma, using an inductively coupled plasma source, are presented and compared to results obtained by means of reactive ion etching. The gas used, CHF3," role="presentation" style="display: inline; line-height: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">CHF3,CHF3, implies a polymerizing chemistry and the deposition of a fluorocarbon layer is shown to play an important role in the etch process. The fluorocarbon deposition onto the substrate surface is not only affected by the temperature of the substrate itself but also by the temperature of all surfaces that are exposed to the plasma. The process parameters with the strongest influence on the process have been found to be pressure and substrate bias voltage.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Jonsson, Susanne, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of mono- and diesters of o-phthalic acid by solid-phase extractions with polystyrene–divinylbenzene-based polymers
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 963:1-2, s. 393-400
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Retention mechanisms of an unmodified and a hydroxylated polystyrene–divinylbenzene polymer were studied by solid-phase extraction of o-phthalic acid and some of its mono- and diesters from purified water and then analysing by GC–MS. The monoesters and phthalic acid were retained only when protonated (i.e. acidified with HCl to pH 0.9). Of all elution solvents tested, ethyl acetate gave the best overall recoveries (61–89%) with both polymers. Applicability to complex matrixes (e.g. acidogenic landfill leachates) was examined by introducing a washing step with acetone in acidified water (pH 0.9) to eliminate volatile fatty acids (C2–C6) from the cartridge. Finally, the method was tested on real samples.
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| 39. |
- Jonsson, Tola, et al.
(författare)
-
Öppet intag - En väg till drogfrihet? Rapport 2. : En jämförelse av klienter inom Öppet intag och andra behandlingsformer.
- 2000
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Centrum för Välfärdsforskning åtog sig våren 1999 att utvärdera behandlingsformen Öppet intag – på Vårnäs behandlingshem i Vingåker – åt Vårdförbundet Sörmland. Utvärderingen, som är tänkt att utgöra underlag för beslut om fortsatt verksamhet och för vidareutveckling av densamma, bygger på diskussioner med den politiska ledningsgruppen för Vårdförbundet Sörmland och samtal med personal på Vårnäs. Detta är den andra av tre rapporter. I den första rapporten Öppet intag – En väg till drogfrihet? används lokalt insamlade klientdata för att beskriva och analysera verksamheten och klientgruppen ur olika synvinklar I föreliggande rapport jämförs verksamheten Öppet intag vid Vårnäs med andra behandlingsenheter i landet. Som underlag för jämförelsen används data insamlade genom DOK-systemet. I den tredje rapporten kommer en analys av sjukskrivningsmönster före och efter behandlingen vid Vårnäs att göras.
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| 40. |
- Kvarnström, Håkan, 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
A Protection Scheme For Security Policies In Ubiquitous Environments Using One-Way Functions
- 2002
-
Ingår i: UBICOMP2002 - Workshop on Security in Ubiquitous Computing, Göteborg, 29 September 2002.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses the problem of protecting security policies and other security-related information in security mechanisms and products, such as the detection policy in an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) or the filtering policy in a firewall. Unauthorized disclosure of the such information is particularly serious, since it might reveal the fundamental principles and methods for the security and protection of the whole system or network, which is much more far-reaching that the protection of the target system or security mechanism itself. This problem is especially noticeable in ubiquitous environments where a possible large number of nodes need knowledge about the security policy of their domain. In order to avoid this risk we suggest that security information should be protected using one-way functions and the paper suggests a basic scheme for protecting stateless policies. A stateless policy is a policy that only takes the current event into consideration when decisions are made and not the preceding chain of events. Thus, the process of comparing events towards the policy, i.e. making decisions, could be done in much the same way that passwords are hashed and compared in UNIX systems. However, one important distinction is that security policies contain a certain variability that must be handled and a method for this is discussed. The suggested scheme is very basic and has certain drawbacks as regards practical implementation, but does still clearly demonstrate the protection principle. We expect further research to result in extended methods that are more suitable for practical design.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Kvarnström, Håkan, 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
Protecting Security Policies in Ubiquitous Environments Using One-Way Functions
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 3540208879 ; 2802, s. 71-85
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses the problem of protecting security policies and other security-related information in security mechanisms, such as the detection policy of an Intrusion Detection System or the filtering policy of a firewall. Unauthorized disclosure of such information can reveal the fundamental principles and methods for the protection of the whole network, especially in ubiquitous environments where a large number of nodes store knowledge about the security policy of their domain. To avoid this risk we suggest a scheme for protecting stateless security policies using one-way functions. A stateless policy is one that only takes into consideration, the current event, and not the preceding chain of events, when decisions are made. The scheme has a simple and basic design but can still be used for practical implementations, as illustrated in two examples in real-life enviroments. Further research aims to extend the scheme to stateful policies.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Larzon, Lars-Åke, et al.
(författare)
-
Efficient transport of voice over IP over cellular links
- 2000
-
Ingår i: GLOBECOM '00. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 0780364511 ; , s. 1669-1676
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet and cellular technologies are merging to decrease transport costs and enable IP-based applications to hundreds of millions of cellular users. Real time voice services will continue to be dominant in future cellular systems and to reduce system costs it is desirable to base all services, including voice, on IP. However, the radio spectrum must be efficiently used to provide mass-market services at reasonable prices, but Internet protocol headers are large in size. Moreover, data discarding policies are poorly suited to the error-proneness of cellular links. Protocol overhead for IP-based voice services can be reduced by compressing headers, e.g. with the compressed real time protocol (CRTP). CRTP, however, does not perform well over cellular links since it is not robust in the face of errors. ROCCO, a header compression scheme suitable for cellular systems, delivers more packets to the user than CRTP at realistic error rates with a better average compression ratio. Voice services in cellular systems should also be able to use damaged speech data. This can be done using the UDP Lite protocol which provides a more flexible checksumming policy that enables delivery of data possibly usable to the application. This paper shows that CRTP/UDP fails to deliver sufficient service quality at the error rates of a cost-efficient cellular system and that ROCCO combined with UDP Lite can provide an IP-based voice service over such cellular systems.
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| 45. |
- Lindqvist, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
-
Elimination of stabilised hyaluronan from the knee joint in healthy men
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Clinical Pharmacokinetics. - 0312-5963 .- 1179-1926. ; 41:8, s. 603-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the elimination of stabilised hyaluronan following intra-articular injection into the knee joint. DESIGN: This was a single-centre, single-dose study in healthy human volunteers. PARTICIPANTS: Six healthy men, aged 28 to 47 (mean 38) years, were enrolled in the study. METHODS: Subjects received a single intra-articular injection (3ml; 20 mg/ml) of (131)I-labelled non-animal stabilised hyaluronic acid (NASHA). Radioactivity in the knee, blood, urine and over the liver was measured with gamma counters for 3 weeks post-injection; magnetic resonance and gamma camera imaging of the knee were also performed at 24 hours post-injection. Radioactivity uptake data were tested for conformity of fit to different mathematical models. RESULTS: Elimination of (131)I-labelled NASHA from the knee was characterised by a fast initial phase and a slow late phase, and conformed to a three-exponential-function model with elimination half-lives of 1.5 hours, 1.5 days and 4 weeks. Radioactivity distribution within the knee joint was homogenous, and no local leakage was observed. Hepatic radioactivity uptake was low, but significantly above background levels, for the first 2 days post-injection, before declining to background levels. Visual imaging indicated an increase in intra-articular fluid volume at 24 hours post-injection. CONCLUSIONS: The elimination kinetics of (131)I-labelled NASHA from the human knee joint were described by three distinct phases, with half-times of 1.5 hours, 1.5 days and 4 weeks. Most likely, the last value reflects the true half-life of NASHA following intra-articular injection since the labelling method used causes minimal modification of hyaluronan.
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| 46. |
- Loboda, O., et al.
(författare)
-
Ab initio calculations of zero-field splitting parameters in linear polyacenes
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Chemical Physics. - 0301-0104 .- 1873-4421. ; 286:1, s. 127-137
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results of ab initio calculations of zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters are presented for the linear polyacenes from benzene to pentacene. We show how the electron spin-spin (SS) parameters can be efficiently obtained from restricted high-spin open-shell wave functions (ROHF), and present calculations of these, comparing with the results of a recent multi-configurational self-consistent field approach. The SS parameters are obtained from electron SS coupling strengths evaluated as expectation values over the wave functions and from state-to-state spin-orbit (SO) interactions. The results for the two lowest triplet states of naphthalene demonstrate that excellent values can be obtained even using moderate basis sets in the wave function, indicating that this technique can be used to obtain reliable ZFS parameters of aromatic compounds. Electron correlation is, however, not negligible; by accounting for full pi-electron correlation the ZFS parameters are in considerably better agreement with experiment than the ROHF results. The ROHF method still reproduced the qualitative trend in the polyacene series in which the ZFS parameters are reduced with increasing size of the pi-conjugation. We confirm that the SS coupling contributions completely determine the D and E parameters for the lowest triplet state of the linear polyacenes and that the SO coupling contributions are small. Geometry optimization of the lowest triplet state was found to be fairly significant for the calculated D and E values; these were reduced by about 30% and 40%, respectively, when the geometry was changed from the ground-state singlet to the triplet-excited state optimized geometry, with the latter values being in better agreement with experiment. The present calculations predict that the second triplet state of naphthalene is very unusual, as it has a negative zero-field splitting, implying an altered ordering of the spin sublevels compared to what is common in aromatic systems.
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| 47. |
- Logason, Karl, et al.
(författare)
-
The importance of Doppler angle of insonation on differentiation between 50-69% and 70-99% carotid artery stenosis
- 2001
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 21:4, s. 311-313
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: to investigate the importance of Doppler angle differentiating between 50-69% and >/=70% internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: fifty-one patients with a previous diagnosis of 50-69% ICA stenosis (n =53) were re-evaluated by duplex scanning. Spectral Doppler velocity waveforms were obtained from common carotid (CCA), ICA and external (ECA) carotid arteries with the same Doppler angle of insonation as used at the initial duplex scanning, followed by repeated measurements with a fixed 60 degrees angle of insonation. RESULTS: the peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the ICA was 181+/-55 cm/s (mean+/-SD) at the second duplex scanning when the same angle of insonation (mean 46 degrees +/-9) was used as during the initial investigation. When the examination was done with a 60 degrees angle of insonation, PSV ICA was 261+/-96 cm/s (mean+/-SD). In fifteen arteries the estimated degree of ICA stenosis changed from 50-69% to 70-99% due to the application of a fixed Doppler angle of insonation at 60 degrees. CONCLUSION: the Doppler angle of insonation has a significant effect on spectral Doppler velocity measurements. It is crucial that duplex criteria are standardised with a fixed angle of insonation and that this angle is consistently used during velocity estimations.
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| 48. |
- Magnusson, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
-
Weissella soli sp nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from soil
- 2002
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1466-5026 .- 1466-5034. ; 52:3, s. 831-834
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of bacterial isolates from garden soil showed relatedness to Weissella kandleri and Weissella confusa. However, the sequences had notable differences, and DNA-DNA hybridizations confirmed that the isolates are separate from these two species. The isolates could be further distinguished from all previously described Weissella species by electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins, as well as by the results from different biochemical tests. The name Weissella soli is proposed for the new species, the type strain being Mi268(T) (= LMG 20113(T) = DSM 14420(T)).
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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