| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bonde, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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2019: Report of the Swedish Climate Policy Council
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sweden’s overarching climate target is to reach net-zero emissions of greenhouse gases by 2045, followed by negative emissions. This long-term target is complemented by several interim targets. Those climate targets, the planning and monitoring system regulated under the Swedish Climate Act (2017:720), and the Swedish Climate Policy Council together form Sweden’s climate policy framework.The Climate Act took effect on 1 January 2018 after being adopted by a broad majority of the Riksdag (the Swedish Parliament). The mission of the Swedish Climate Policy Council is to determine if the government’s overall design of policies is compatible with the climate targets adopted by the Parliament and the Government. The Council uses a broad approach to evaluate the comprehensive policy, aiming to assess the effect of different policies on greenhouse gas emission trends. From this broad perspective, we examine the comprehensive policy in two dimensions: leadership and governance, and policy instruments.We define leadership and governance as policy targets, organisation and work procedures. Policy instruments include all the decisions and actions that directly affect citizens, companies and other stakeholders, including taxes, fees, regulations, public-sector consumption and investments.Since 1990, Sweden’s greenhouse gas emissions have decreased by 26%. This reduction mainly took place between 2003 and 2014. Thereafter the rate of reduction slowed, and 2017 was the third consecutive year in which emissions decreased by less than 1%. This rate is far too slow to achieve the climate targets, except for the upcoming 2020 target. The rate of reduction would need to accelerate to between 5% and 8% each year to meet future targets.The Swedish Climate Act states that within the framework of the budget bill, each year the Government must report climate policy decisions and actions taken during the previous year. The first climate assessment was presented to the Parliament together with the 2019 Budget Bill. It lacks assessments of how the reported climate policy decisions and actions might affect emissions. The Government recognised that additional actions are needed in several sectors, but did not state when and how decisions on these actions will be taken. The transitional government at the time said this was due to its limited mandate. This raises the stakes for the four-year Climate Action Plan that the Climate Act requires the Government to present in 2019.To achieve the long-term target, Sweden must reach the interim targets for 2030 and 2040, which include emissions that are not a part of the EU’s Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). All sectors matter, but reaching the 2030 goal depends heavily on progress in the transport sector, because domestic transport accounts for half of Sweden’s current emissions. In light of this, the Climate Policy Council has chosen to more closely examine policies that affect domestic transport emissions in a thematic section in this year’s report.The sectors included in the EU ETS – large-scale industry, civil aviation and power generation – account for almost 40% of Sweden’s greenhouse gas emissions. These sectors are included in the overarching target of net-zero emissions but not in the national interim targets, since the trading system is regulated at the EU level. There is currently no mechanism in place at the EU level to bring emissions covered by the trading system to net-zero in all Member States. Progress on these emissions is not in line with what is required for Sweden to reach its target of net-zero emissions.The report presents ten recommendations to the Swedish government: four general and six for transport policy.
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| 3. |
- Bonde, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Det klimatpolitiska ramverket : rapport 2018
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Klimatpolitiska rådet bildades den 1 januari 2018 med uppgift att utvärdera hur regeringens samlade politik är förenlig med de klimatmål som riksdagen och regeringen har beslutat. Detta är rådets första rapport. Här presenteras rådets ledamöter och vårt uppdrag, som en del av Sveriges klimatpolitiska ramverk och dess internationella sammanhang i EU och FN.I Paris i december 2015 enades världens länder om ett nytt globalt klimatavtal under klimatkonventionen. Parisavtalet är historiskt då det är det första klimatavtalet som nästan alla världens länder står bakom. Processen bakom avtalet involverade också en lång rad andra viktiga aktörer inom näringsliv, forskning, civilsamhälle, städer och regioner.Efter Parisavtalet har ramverken för att hantera klimatproblemet förstärkts även på europeisk och nationell nivå. I juni 2017 beslutade riksdagen om ett klimatpolitiskt ramverk för Sverige med stöd av en mycket bred majoritet av riksdagens partier. Ramverket innehåller tre delar: långsiktiga mål, ett planerings- och uppföljningssystem samt ett klimatpolitiskt råd. Delar av ramverket är reglerat i en klimatlag.Det övergripande målet i det klimatpolitiska ramverket är att Sverige senast år 2045 inte har några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser till atmosfären, för att därefter uppnå negativa utsläpp. Ramverket innehåller även etappmål på vägen mot det långsiktiga målet.Som en del av den parlamentariska överenskommelsen och det klimatpolitiska ramverket har regeringen inrättat det Klimatpolitiska rådet. Rådets huvuduppdrag är att ”utvärdera hur regeringens samlade politik är förenlig med de klimatmål som riksdag och regering har beslutat”.Uppdraget att granska regeringens samlade politik understryker klimatfrågans breda och tvärsektoriella karaktär. Att nå målen om ett fossilfritt samhälle utan några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser inom 25 år innebär en omfattande samhällsförändring i ett komplext samspel mellan mängder av olika faktorer, aktörer och drivkrafter. Klimatfrågan spänner därmed också över i princip samtliga vetenskapliga fält. Det klimatpolitiska rådet består av personer med bred tvär- och mångvetenskaplig kompetens inom naturvetenskap, samhällsvetenskap, humaniora och teknikvetenskap. Till sitt förfogande har rådet ett kansli med tre heltidsanställda.Under första halvan av 2018 kommer rådet att forma inriktning och planer för arbetet. Klimatpolitiska rådet kommer att koncentrera sitt arbete till hur Sverige ska nå klimatmålen genom utsläppsminskningar och kompletterande åtgärder. Klimatanpassningsfrågor ingår inte i rådets arbetsområde.Sverige är inte det första landet som instiftar ett klimatpolitiskt råd. I bland annat Storbritannien, Danmark och Finland finns sedan flera år tillbaka liknande organ. I Sverige bidrar redan många andra myndigheter och organisationer på olika sätt med analys och kunskapsunderlag kring klimatpolitiken. Klimatpolitiska rådet har en unik roll bland myndigheter genom sitt fokus på den samhälleliga klimatomställningen, sitt oberoende och sitt breda mandat att utvärdera regeringens samlade politik.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bonde, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatpolitiska rådets rapport 2019
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Klimatpolitiska rådet bildades den 1 januari 2018 som en del av Sveriges klimatpolitiska ramverk. Ramverket antogs året innan av en mycket bred majoritet i riksdagen.Rådets uppdrag är att utvärdera hur regeringens samlade politik är förenlig med de klimatmål som riksdagen och regeringen har beslutat. Arbetet ska redovisas i en årlig rapport. Denna första granskningsrapport är en genomlysning av den samlade politikens utformning i förhållande till klimatmålen. Den innehåller också våra kommentarer till regeringens första klimatredovisning i 2019 års budgetproposition. Utifrån detta presenterar vi ett antal övergripande observationer och rekommen-dationer. Därutöver har rådet i denna rapport valt att ytterligare fördjupa utvärderingen av politikens påverkan på klimatmålet för inrikes transporter.Klimatpolitiska rådet har fått ett brett och komplext uppdrag. Det finns inga beprövade metoder för att utvärdera hela regeringens politik mot ett långsiktigt mål. Det första årets arbete har delvis handlat om att utveckla arbetssätt och metoder samt att skapa dialog med andra myndigheter och aktörer. Vår ambition är att presentera en rapport som är vetenskapligt grundad och praktiskt användbar för regeringen och riksda-gen. Utifrån det första årets erfarenheter kommer sedan rådets arbete och rapporter att fortsätta utvecklas. Vi vill framföra vårt tack till alla de organisationer, forskare, experter och praktiker som har bidragit till den här rapporten genom att skicka in skriftliga underlag samt delta i seminarier och dialoger skriftliga underlag, seminarier och dialoger. Utöver att ge rekommendationer till regering och riksdag hoppas vi att rapporten ska bidra till en framåtsyftande diskussion mellan alla de aktörer som berörs av Sveriges klimatmål och som behövs för att de ska uppnås.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Danielski, Itai, 1973-
(författare)
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Energy performance of residential buildings : projecting, monitoring and evaluating
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Energy security and climate change mitigation have been discussed in Sweden since the oil crisis in the 1970s. Sweden has since then increased its share of renewable energy resources to reach the highest level among the EU member states, but is still among the countries with the highest primary energy use per capita. Not least because of that, increasing energy efficiency is important and it is part of the Swedish long term environmental objectives. Large potential for improving energy efficiency can be found in the building sector, mainly in the existing building stock but also in new constructions.Buildings hold high costs for construction, service and maintenance. Still, their energy efficiency and thermal performance are rarely validated after construction or renovation. As energy efficiency become an important aspects in building design there is a need for accurate tools for assessing the energy performance both before and after building construction. In this thesis criteria for energy efficiency in new residential buildings are studied. Several building design aspects are discussed with regards to final energy efficiency, energy supply-demand interactions and social aspects. The results of this thesis are based on energy modelling, energy measurements and one questionnaire survey. Several existing residential buildings were used as case studies.The results show that pre-occupancy calculations of specific final energy demand in residential buildings is too rough an indicator to explicitly steer towards lower final energy use in the building sector. Even post occupancy monitoring of specific final energy demand does not always provide a representative image of the energy efficiency of buildings and may result with large variation among buildings with similar thermal efficiency. A post occupancy method of assessing thermal efficiency of building fabrics using thermography is presented. The thermal efficiency of buildings can be increased by design with low shape factor. The shape factor was found to have a significant effect on the final energy demand of buildings and on the use of primary energy. In Nordic climates, atria in multi-storey apartment buildings is a design that have a potential to increase both energy efficiency (by lower shape factor) and enhance social interactions among the occupants.
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| 8. |
- Eberhard, A., et al.
(författare)
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Renewable energy auctions in South Africa outshine feed-in tariffs
- 2016
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Ingår i: Energy Science and Engineering. - : Wiley. - 2050-0505. ; 4:3, s. 190-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- South Africa's Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Program has run four competitive tenders/auctions since 2011, which have seen US$19 billion in private investment, and electricity prices of wind power falling by 46% and solar PV electricity prices by 71%, in nominal terms. Competitive tenders were introduced after an unsuccessful attempt to implement feed-in tariffs. The tenders incorporated standard, nonnegotiable contract documents, including 20-year Power Purchase Agreements and an Implementation Agreement whereby the Government of South Africa back-stops IPP payments by the national utility, Eskom. All of these projects have reached financial close to date and some are already delivering power to the grid. The financing success has been due in part to the requirements for commercial banks to undertake a thorough due diligence of projects prior to bids being offered. The details of the policy package described may be useful for other policy makers in countries developing policies for renewable energy deployment.
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| 9. |
- Falk, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Exponential Roadmap: Scaling 36 Solutions to Halve Emissions by 2030
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The 2019 Exponential Roadmap focuses on moving from incremental to exponential climate action in the next decade. It presents 36 economically- viable solutions to cut global greenhouse gas emissions 50% by 2030 and the strategies to scale this transformation. The roadmap is consistent with the Paris Agreement’s goal to keep global average temperature “well below 2°C” and aiming for 1.5°C above pre- industrial levels. The 2019 roadmap is the second in the series. Each new roadmap updates solutions that have proven potential to scale and charts progress towards exponential scaling. The roadmap, based on the carbon law (see box) is a collaboration between academia, business and civil society. The roadmap is complemented with a high-ambition narrative, Meeting the 1.5°C Ambition, that presents the case why holding global average temperature increase to just 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels is important. Since the first roadmap, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published its special report on 1.5°C. The report concluded that the economic and humanitarian risks of a 2°C world are significantly higher than 1.5°C. The remaining emissions budget for 1.5°C is small, and will be exceeded within ten to fifteen years at current emission rates. The window of feasibility is closing rapidly. The global economic benefit of a low-carbon future is estimated at US$26 trillion by 2030 compared with staying on the current high-carbon pathway. The scale of transformation – halving emissions by 2030 – is unprecedented but the speed is not. Some cities and companies can transform significantly faster. Developed nations with significant historic emissions have a responsibility to reduce emissions faster. Greenhouse gas emissions, and the solutions to reduce them, are grouped by six sectors: energy, industry, transport, buildings, food consumption, nature-based solutions (sources and sinks). Meeting the 1.5°C goal means implementing solutions in parallel across all sectors. The solutions must scale exponentially. The roadmap identifies four levers required to scale the transformation as well as necessary actions for each: policy, climate leadership and movements, finance and exponential technology. Implementation must be fair and just or risk deep resistance.
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| 10. |
- Gosens, Jorrit, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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China's next renewable energy revolution: goals and mechanisms in the 13th Five Year Plan for energy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Science and Engineering. - : Wiley. - 2050-0505. ; 5:3, s. 141-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past few months, China has published its development plans for the 13th Five Year Plan [FYP] period [2016–2020] for energy, and separately for the electricity sector, renewable energy, hydro, wind, solar, and biomass energy. Here, we review these policies, as well as a number of key supporting policy documents that aim at increased renewable energy use in China. Presuming that China will not overshoot its growth targets for wind and PV, annual additions over the 13th FYP period will average 16 GW for wind and 13.5 GW for PV, well below the growth levels seen in recent years. The key to success in China's continued transition to renewable energy, however, does not lie in such capacity additions alone. At least as important will be the efforts at improving grid interconnectedness, flexibility of generating capacity and the grid, market mechanisms that will reduce and spread electricity demand, and better enable renewables to compete, and efforts at increasing the level of consumption of the renewable power generated.
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| 11. |
- Gosens, Jorrit, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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The limits of academic entrepreneurship: Conflicting expectations about commercialization and innovation in China's nascent sector for advanced bio-energy technologies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Energy Research and Social Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-6296. ; 37, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite many years of substantial government research funding, advanced bio-energy technologies in China have seen limited commercial application. Chinese policy makers are increasingly critical of academic organizations for neglecting their role in the transfer of scientific results into industrial applications. We interviewed a selection of Chinese research groups working on bio-energy technologies, and asked them to describe their efforts at commercialization. We found that they focus their research on technological pathways with commercial potential, they patent and attempt to license their technologies, they are highly involved in large scale demonstration plants, and have created a number of new firms. Industry and government may have unrealistic expectations on the maturity and scale of technologies that academia can develop, however. These findings contrast with many earlier analyses of early commercialization stages of novel technologies, which have commonly identified lacking academic entrepreneurship as a root cause in stalling development.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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A new era of renewable power plants?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Science & Engineering. - : Wiley. - 2050-0505. ; 5:1, s. 4-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Början på en önskvärd kolkris
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dagens ETC. - 1652-8980.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Dags att fundera på trafikskatterna
- 2017
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Ingår i: ETC Göteborg. - 2000-463X. ; 2017:170719, s. 2-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Dags att tänka på bättre elskatter
- 2017
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Ingår i: Dagens ETC. - 1652-8980. ; 2017:170621
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Distributing the Costs of Nuclear Core Melts: Japan’s Experience after 7 Years
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Technological and Economic Future of Nuclear Power. - Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. - 9783658259860 ; , s. 353-366
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The costs of managing the consequences of the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear have been significant already, and the estimated total future costs have increased overtime. The immediate payments have been possible by direct payments from the Japanese government. However, most these payments are not acknowledged as government spending. Instead, a complicated system of envisioned re-payments have been created. Based on the three Special Business Plans published by TEPCO since the nuclear disaster, this evolving perception of the economic consequences and the increasingly complicated repayment schemes are described. The conclusion of the authors are that the repayment schemes are not compatible with a future efficient, competitive electricity market. It is suggested that other governments who implicitly or explicitly accepting economic liabilities for nuclear accidents prepare themselves in order to avoid un-necessary indirect cost after future reactors accidents.
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| 24. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Du skall inte behöva betala för ren energi
- 2018
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Ingår i: Göteborg Studies in Educational Sciences. - 0436-1121. ; :2018-05-09, s. 2-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 25. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Därför att vi vet och inte vet
- 2017
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Ingår i: ETC Göteborg. - 2000-463X. ; 2017:171108, s. 2-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 26. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Economic Management of Future Nuclear Accidents
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Technological and Economic Future of Nuclear Power. - Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. - 9783658259860 ; , s. 211-220
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nuclear core melts with large emissions of radioactive substances are not paid for by nuclear power companies but by the victims and by taxpayers. This subsidy is often the result of legislation with that purpose. Experience shows that the relative frequency of such accidents is several orders of magnitude larger that the risk estimates publicised by the nuclear industry and nuclear proponents. This chapter describes the how the problem was created in order to make the nuclear development economically possible. In the end, it is described how amarket may be created based on compulsory paying capacity, possibly provided via catastrophe bonds that would internalise many costs of accidents. At the same time, such regulations would provide a market evaluation, by responsible actors, of the nuclear risk costs.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Framsteg med baksida
- 2017
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Ingår i: ETC Göteborg. - 2000-463X. ; 2017:170426, s. 2-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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God Jul och bättre 2017
- 2016
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Ingår i: Svensk Vindkraft. - 1654-7934. ; 2016:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 35. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Göteborg ”ska bara” först
- 2018
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Ingår i: ETC Göteborg. ; , s. 2-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Hyckleriets tid är över
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens ETC. - 1652-8980.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Inget kan stoppa revolutionen
- 2017
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Ingår i: Svensk Vindkraft. - 1654-7934. ; :3, s. 10-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Kallt, mörkt och vindstilla
- 2018
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Ingår i: ETC Göteborg. ; , s. 2-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 45. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Kina har tagit ledningen
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dagens industri. - 0346-640X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Koldioxidskatt kan lösa många problem
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens ETC. - 1652-8980. ; :21 september, s. 1-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, 1961
(författare)
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Lurigt avlägsna mål
- 2018
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Ingår i: ETC. ; , s. 2-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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