| 1. |
- Aadland, Torgeir, et al.
(författare)
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Levelling the playing field: Could entrepreneurship education compensate the lack of entrepreneurial pedigree and prior experience?
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Questions we care about: In the last four decades, the importance of entrepreneurship education for societal renewal has seen a dramatic rise. Policy arguments state that to spur economic development, a more entrepreneurially oriented workforce is needed. To increase our understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how entrepreneurship education, in the form of venture creation programs (VCPs), mitigate or surpass a lack of entrepreneurial career antecedents, such as entrepreneurial pedigree or prior entrepreneurial experience. We ask: What role do VCPs play in the subsequent career choice of graduates regarding career impact relative to prior entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurial pedigree? Approach: This paper investigates the role of VCPs, entrepreneurial pedigree, and prior entrepreneurial experience regarding early career choice. A broad perspective of entrepreneurial career is considered, across four occupational forms: self-employed, entrepreneurial employment (intrapreneur), hybrid (self-employed and employed in parallel), and conventional employment. To investigate career choice, data from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe was collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation, and graduates’ own perception of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1326 graduates (total graduate population = 1568) and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate). Results: The educational context of VCPs, whether Ind-VCP or Corp-VCP, mitigated prior entrepreneurial experience. Although prior entrepreneurial experience interacted with Ind-VCP in making a career as self-employed more likely, this was not the case for Corp-VCP, in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers. Implications: Entrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates towards future entrepreneurial careers. For some, a VCP is the first entrepreneurial experience, while others are building existing entrepreneurial experiences. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates lacking prior entrepreneurial experience instead develop entrepreneurial competencies (knowledge, skills, and judgmental abilities) through the program, which prepares them to engage in subsequent entrepreneurial careers. For policy and practice, entrepreneurship education can level the playing field for students aspiring to an entrepreneurial career but lacking prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree. This is an important insight when considering the need to spur innovativeness among businesses transitioning towards sustainable futures and/or recouping from the economic downturns created and perpetuated by the pandemic. Our evidence illustrates that action-based, contextualized education in entrepreneurship creates graduates that engage either as self-employed or as change agents (working with initiating and developing new opportunities) in established businesses. Value/Originality: This study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can level the playing field for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers but lacking prior entrepreneurial experience or an entrepreneurial pedigree.
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| 2. |
- Aadland, Torgeir, et al.
(författare)
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Mitigating the lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure through entrepreneurship education programs
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research. - 1355-2554. ; 30:11, s. 19-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose : To increase the understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of the paper is to investigate the role that a venture creation program (VCP) might have in mitigating or surpassing a lack of other antecedents of entrepreneurial careers. In particular, the authors focus on entrepreneurial pedigree and prior entrepreneurial experience. Design/methodology/approach : Data from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe were collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation and graduates' own perceptions of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1,326 graduates and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate). Findings : The type of VCP, either independent (Ind-VCP) or corporate venture creation (Corp-VCP), influenced the mitigation of prior entrepreneurial experience. Prior entrepreneurial experience, together with Ind-VCP, made a career as self-employed more likely. However, this was not the case for Corp-VCP in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers. Research limitations/implications : Entrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates toward future entrepreneurial careers. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates who lack prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree can develop sufficient entrepreneurial competencies through the program. Originality/value : This study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can compensate for a lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers.
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| 3. |
- Aadland, Torgeir, et al.
(författare)
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Mitigating the lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure through entrepreneurship education programs
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research. - UK : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1355-2554 .- 1758-6534. ; 30:11, s. 19-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeTo increase the understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of the paper is to investigate the role that a venture creation program (VCP) might have in mitigating or surpassing a lack of other antecedents of entrepreneurial careers. In particular, the authors focus on entrepreneurial pedigree and prior entrepreneurial experience.Design/methodology/approachData from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe were collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation and graduates' own perceptions of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1,326 graduates and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate).FindingsThe type of VCP, either independent (Ind-VCP) or corporate venture creation (Corp-VCP), influenced the mitigation of prior entrepreneurial experience. Prior entrepreneurial experience, together with Ind-VCP, made a career as self-employed more likely. However, this was not the case for Corp-VCP in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers.Research limitations/implicationsEntrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates toward future entrepreneurial careers. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates who lack prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree can develop sufficient entrepreneurial competencies through the program.Originality/valueThis study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can compensate for a lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers.
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| 4. |
- Alme, Tomas Nordheim, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic fatigue syndromes: real illnesses that people can recover from
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 41:4, s. 372-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Oslo Chronic Fatigue Consortium consists of researchers and clinicians who question the current narrative that chronic fatigue syndromes, including post-covid conditions, are incurable diseases. Instead, we propose an alternative view, based on research, which offers more hope to patients. Whilst we regard the symptoms of these conditions as real, we propose that they are more likely to reflect the brains response to a range of biological, psychological, and social factors, rather than a specific disease process. Possible causes include persistent activation of the neurobiological stress response, accompanied by associated changes in immunological, hormonal, cognitive and behavioural domains. We further propose that the symptoms are more likely to persist if they are perceived as threatening, and all activities that are perceived to worsen them are avoided. We also question the idea that the best way to cope with the illness is by prolonged rest, social isolation, and sensory deprivation.Instead, we propose that recovery is often possible if patients are helped to adopt a less threatening understanding of their symptoms and are supported in a gradual return to normal activities. Finally, we call for a much more open and constructive dialogue about these conditions. This dialogue should include a wider range of views, including those of patients who have recovered from them.
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| 5. |
- Alsos, Gry, et al.
(författare)
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Graduates of venture creation programs - where do they apply their entrepreneurial competencies?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-0913 .- 0921-898X. ; 60:1, s. 133-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The assessment of entrepreneurship education outcomes should move beyond a focus on firm creation and associated economic impact to consider a more nuanced view that pays attention to graduates and their entrepreneurial competencies. There is currently limited understanding to what extent entrepreneurial competencies developed through entrepreneurship education are applied in graduates' subsequent careers across various occupational roles, either as employees or as self-employed. Our analysis is based on a survey administered to 556 graduates from three Nordic master-level entrepreneurship education programs (1997-2018), all identified as venture creation programs. We find that, to a large extent, entrepreneurial competencies developed through venture creation programs are applied in subsequent careers across multiple occupational roles encompassing self-employment, hybrid entrepreneurship, and intrapreneurship. Entrepreneurship education is relevant not only to new firm creation but also to entrepreneurial positions in established organizations when it comes to graduates' application of entrepreneurial competencies in subsequent careers. Plain English Summary Entrepreneurial competencies developed through entrepreneurship education are applicable to careers other than "start-up entrepreneur." This article examines graduates from three entrepreneurship education programs in Northern Europe where students experienced venture creation as part of the education. Graduates report the extent to which they apply entrepreneurial competencies (AECs) in their subsequent career. The most common career among graduates is self-employed entrepreneur, closely followed by a career as intrapreneur, where graduates apply their entrepreneurial competencies in established organizations. A smaller group of graduates have careers as hybrid entrepreneurs, where they combine paid employment with self-employment. A minority group of graduates have more conventional careers as full-time employees in established companies, where entrepreneurial tasks are not their main activities. The results indicate that venture creation programs provide fertile ground for graduates to engage in a broad spectrum of entrepreneurial careers. From the analysis, we found that a career as an intrapreneur is more similar to a self-employed entrepreneur than to a conventional employee. An implication for entrepreneurship education is that real-life educational experience through venture creation is applicable to entrepreneurial careers beyond start-ups. Additionally, the study provides a first attempt to connect entrepreneurial competencies developed through education with how such competencies are manifested in graduates' subsequent careers, motivating a discursive shift in how policies could spur a more entrepreneurial society that goes beyond a narrow start-up perspective.
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| 6. |
- Augdal, Thomas A., et al.
(författare)
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Cone beam computed tomography in the assessment of TMJ deformity in children with JIA : repeatability of a novel scoring system
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6831. ; 23, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is frequently involved in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Diagnostic imaging is necessary to correctly diagnose and evaluate TMJ involvement, however, hitherto little has been published on the accuracy of the applied scoring systems and measurements. The present study aims to investigate the precision of 20 imaging features and five measurements based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods Imaging and clinical data from 84 participants in the Norwegian study on juvenile idiopathic arthritis, the NorJIA study, were collected. Altogether 20 imaging features and five measurements were evaluated indepen-dently by three experienced radiologists for intra-and interobserver agreement. Agreement of categorical variables was assessed by Fleiss', Cohen's simple or weighted Kappa as appropriate. Agreement of continuous variables was assessed with 95% limits of agreement as advised by Bland and Altman. Results "Overall impression of TMJ deformity" showed almost perfect intraobserver agreement with a kappa coefficient of 0.81 (95% CI 0.69-0.92), and substantial interobserver agreement (Fleiss' kappa 0.70 (0.61-0.78)). Moreover, both "flattening" and "irregularities" of the eminence/fossa and condyle performed well, with intra-and interobserver agreements of 0.66-0.82 and 0.55-0.76, respectively. "Reduced condylar volume" and "continuity" of the fossa/eminence had moderate intra-and interobserver Kappa values, whereas continuity of the condyle had Kappa values above 0.55. Measurements of distances and angles had limits of agreement of more than 15% of the sample mean. Conclusions We propose a CBCT-based scoring system of nine precise imaging features suggestive of TMJ deformity in JIA. Their clinical validity must be tested.
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| 7. |
- Brage, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical application of EOS imaging system: a scoping review protocol.
- 2023
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Ingår i: JBI evidence synthesis. - 2689-8381. ; 21:5, s. 1009-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this scoping review is to examine and map the existing literature on the clinical application of the EOS imaging system and to identify related evidence gaps.The EOS imaging system was originally developed to conduct imaging for medical conditions, such as scoliosis and anisomelia. However, recent research suggests that the modality has other clinical uses that may benefit patients via reduced radiation dose and, thus, improve patient safety.This scoping review will consider all quantitative study designs, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Imaging phantom studies and conference abstracts will be excluded.Databases that will be searched include Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Academic Search Premier, and OpenGrey. Relevant secondary material will be identified using citation searching (backwards and forwards) of included studies through Google Scholar. In addition, we will search by author name where more than 3 included studies from the same first author are identified. Articles published from 2003 in English, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, French, and German will be included. Two independent reviewers will perform title/abstract screening, followed by full-text screening. Data extraction will include study type and design, age of participants, anatomical/physiological region, pathology, clinical endpoint, outcome measures, sample size, and clinical application. Data will be presented in tabular format and as a narrative summary.Open Science Framework https://osf.io/yc85j/.
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| 8. |
- Caputo, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Examination of LYmph node CYtopathology Using the Sydney system (DELYCYUS). An international, multi-institutional study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancer Cytopathology. - 1934-662X. ; 131:11, s. 679-692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: After a series of standardized reporting systems in cytopathology, the Sydney system was recently introduced to address the need for reproducibility and standardization in lymph node cytopathology. Since then, the risk of malignancy for the categories of the Sydney system has been explored by several studies, but no studies have yet examined the interobserver reproducibility of the Sydney system. Methods: The authors assessed interobserver reproducibility of the Sydney system on 85 lymph node fine-needle aspiration cytology cases reviewed by 15 cytopathologists from 12 institutions in eight different countries, resulting in 1275 diagnoses. In total, 186 slides stained with Diff-Quik, Papanicolaou, and immunocytochemistry were scanned. A subset of the cases included clinical data and results from ultrasound examinations, flow cytometry immunophenotyping, and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The study participants assessed the cases digitally using whole-slide images. Results: Overall, the authors observed an almost perfect agreement of cytopathologists with the ground truth (median weighted Cohen κ = 0.887; interquartile range, κ = 0.210) and moderate overall interobserver concordance (Fleiss κ = 0.476). There was substantial agreement for the inadequate and malignant categories (κ = 0.794 and κ = 0.729, respectively), moderate agreement for the benign category (κ = 0.490), and very slight agreement for the suspicious (κ = 0.104) and atypical (κ = 0.075) categories. Conclusions: The Sydney system for reporting lymph node cytopathology shows adequate interobserver concordance. Digital microscopy is an adequate means to assess lymph node cytopathology specimens.
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| 9. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Svampar Fungi
- 2020
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Ingår i: Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2020. - 9789187853548 ; , s. 67-88
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Ekerstad, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Frailty Scale classes are independently associated with 6-month mortality for patients after acute myocardial infarction
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 11:2, s. 89-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Data on the prognostic value of frailty to guide clinical decision-making for patients with myocardial infarction (MI) are scarce. To analyse the association between frailty classification, treatment patterns, in-hospital outcomes, and 6-month mortality in a large population of patients with MI.Methods and results: An observational, multicentre study with a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data using the SWEDEHEART registry. In total, 3381 MI patients with a level of frailty assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS-9) were included. Of these patients, 2509 (74.2%) were classified as non-vulnerable non-frail (CFS 1–3), 446 (13.2%) were vulnerable non-frail (CFS 4), and 426 (12.6%) were frail (CFS 5–9). Frailty and non-frail vulnerability were associated with worse in-hospital outcomes compared with non-frailty, i.e. higher rates of mortality (13.4% vs. 4.0% vs. 1.8%), cardiogenic shock (4.7% vs. 2.5% vs. 1.9%), and major bleeding (4.5% vs. 2.7% vs. 1.1%) (allP < 0.001), and less frequent use of evidence-based therapies. In Cox regression analyses, frailty was strongly and independently associated with 6-month mortality compared with non-frailty, after adjustment for age, sex, the GRACE risk score components, and other potential risk factors [hazard ratio (HR) 3.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.30–4.79]. A similar pattern was seen for vulnerable non-frail patients (fully adjusted HR 2.07, 95% CI1.41–3.02).Conclusion: Frailty assessed with the CFS was independently and strongly associated with all-cause 6-month mortality, also after comprehensive adjustment for baseline differences in other risk factors. Similarly, non-frail vulnerability was independently associated with higher mortality compared with those with preserved functional ability.
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| 11. |
- Hagvall Svensson, Oskar, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurial Engineering Pedagogy: Models, Tradeoffs and Discourses
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Engineering Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0304-3797 .- 1469-5898. ; 45:5, s. 691-710
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While entrepreneurship discourse is gaining traction in engineering and the number of entrepreneurship courses increase rapidly, there is a lack of study focusing on how and why engineering educators facilitate entrepreneurial experiences in their courses. Using a qualitative and inductive case-study approach, this paper explores and explicates pedagogical models for facilitating entrepreneurial experiences in engineering, and their underlying design principles. Investigating seven entrepreneurial project-based courses, three distinct pedagogical models for facilitating entrepreneurial experiences are identified. Two potentially conflicting dimensions are highlighted and argued as vital for educators to consider when implementing entrepreneurial experiences into their courses. These dimensions are: to make learning more personal, and to make learning more professional. The paper discusses how entrepreneurial engineering pedagogy is anchored in entrepreneurship education and engineering education discourse, and suggests means through which the two disparate streams of research can be integrated in order to further research on entrepreneurial engineering pedagogy.
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| 12. |
- Horta, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Immuno-Rolling Circle Amplification for Multiplex Detection and Profiling of Antigen-Specific Antibody Isotypes
- 2021
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 93:15, s. 6169-6177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody characterization is essential for understanding the immune system and development of diagnostics and therapeutics. Current technologies are mainly focusing on the detection of antigen-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) using bulk singleplex measurements, which lack information on other isotypes and specificity of individual antibodies. Digital immunoassays based on nucleic acid amplification have demonstrated superior performance by allowing the detection of single molecules in a multiplex and sensitive manner. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time an immuno-rolling circle amplification (immunoRCA) assay for the multiplex detection of three antigen-specific antibody isotypes (IgG, IgA, and IgM) and its integration with microengraving. To validate this approach, we used the autoimmune disease immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) as the model disease with anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies as the diagnostic target molecules. To identify the anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibody isotypes, we designed a pool of three unique antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates for identification and subsequent amplification and visualization via RCA. To validate this approach, we first confirmed an assay specificity of >88% and a low limit of detection of 0.3 ng/mL in the spiked buffer. Subsequently, we performed a dilution series of an iTTP plasma sample for the multiplex detection of the three isotypes with higher sensitivity compared to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, we demonstrated single-cell analysis of human B cells and hybridoma cells for the detection of secreted antibodies using microengraving and achieved a detection of 23.3 pg/mL secreted antibodies per hour. This approach could help to improve the understanding of antibody isotype distributions and their roles in various diseases.
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| 13. |
- Hueting, David A., et al.
(författare)
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Design, structure and plasma binding of ancestral β-CoV scaffold antigens
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the application of ancestral sequence reconstruction on coronavirus spike protein, resulting in stable and highly soluble ancestral scaffold antigens (AnSAs). The AnSAs interact with plasma of patients recovered from COVID-19 but do not bind to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Cryo-EM analysis of the AnSAs yield high resolution structures (2.6–2.8 Å) indicating a closed pre-fusion conformation in which all three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) are facing downwards. The structures reveal an intricate hydrogen-bonding network mediated by well-resolved loops, both within and across monomers, tethering the N-terminal domain and RBD together. We show that AnSA-5 can induce and boost a broad-spectrum immune response against the wild-type RBD as well as circulating variants of concern in an immune organoid model derived from tonsils. Finally, we highlight how AnSAs are potent scaffolds by replacing the ancestral RBD with the wild-type sequence, which restores ACE2 binding and increases the interaction with convalescent plasma.
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| 14. |
- Jensen, Karen Schow, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal changes in incidence of relapse and outcome after relapse of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia over three decades : a Nordic population-based cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Nature. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 36, s. 1274-1282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relapse remains the main obstacle to curing childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The aims of this study were to compare incidence of relapse, prognostic factors, and survival after relapse between three consecutive Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology trials. Relapse occurred as a primary event in 638 of 4 458 children (1.0–14.9 years) diagnosed with Ph-negative ALL between 1992 and 2018. The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse was 17.3% (95% CI 15.4–19.2%) and 16.5% (95% CI 14.3–18.8%) for patients in the ALL1992 and ALL2000 trials, respectively, but decreased to 8.4% (95% CI 7.0–10.1%) for patients in the ALL2008 trial. No changes in duration of first complete remission and site of relapse were observed over time; however, high hyperdiploidy, and t(12;21) decreased in the ALL2008 trial. The 4-year overall survival after relapse was 56.6% (95% CI 52.5–60.5%) and no statistically significant temporal improvements were observed. Age ≥10 years, T-cell immunophenotype, bone-marrow involvement, early and very early relapse, hypodiploidy, and Down syndrome all independently predicted worse outcome after relapse. Improvements in the primary treatment of childhood ALL has resulted in fewer relapses. However, failure to improve outcome of remaining relapses suggests a selection of harder-to-cure relapses and calls for new therapeutic strategies.
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| 15. |
- Karén, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Kalkylering för produkter och investeringar : Övningsbok
- 2022. - 5
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna övningsbok syftar i första hand till att komplettera läroboken med samma titel, men den kan även användas fristående. Bokens övningar ger både en lättförståelig introduktion av ämnesområdet, och möjligheter till fördjupning av olika delavsnitt. Övningarna är därför av varierande svårighetsgrad och omfattning.I övningarna behandlas produktkalkyler, kalkyler för prissättningsbeslut, resultatanalyser, investeringsbedömning samt internredovisning av produktkalkyler.I denna upplaga är övningar uppdelade i två delar. Den första delen har en tydlig struktur kopplad till läroboken med samma titel, medan den andra delen visar alternativa sätt att lösa uppgifter liknande de i del ett men breddar dessutom innehållet med övningar som angränsar till vad läroboken tar upp. De senare övningarna lämpar sig också för lektionsgenomgångar eller som seminarieunderlag.Övningsboken vänder sig i första hand till studerande på kurser i kalkylering vid högskolor och universitet men kan med fördel även användas i företagsintern utbildning.
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| 16. |
- Lackéus, Martin, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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The entrepreneurial employee in public and private sector - What, Why, How
- 2020
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This science-for-policy report has aimed to clarify what it means for employees to be entrepreneurial. The employee perspective is rare in corporate and public entrepreneurship literature. This is both unexpected and unfortunate, since entrepreneurial processes are championed by small teams of highly devoted individuals, who in turn solicit support and participation from a large number of people internally and externally. Reasons for the current bias towards structures, managers and processes include a number of flawed myths and a static view of the entrepreneurial individual. Breaking away from these prevailing views, we have here been able to outline detailed and actionable recommendations for employees who want (or need) to become more entrepreneurial. It is our hope that this report can help both employees and managers in private and public sectors in their pursuit towards a more prosperous and successful future for their organisations, colleagues, customers, clients, for citizens or other stakeholders in general, and for themselves.
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| 17. |
- Luecken, Malte D., et al.
(författare)
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The discovAIR project : a roadmap towards the Human Lung Cell Atlas
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 60:2
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Human Cell Atlas (HCA) consortium aims to establish an atlas of all organs in the healthy human body at single-cell resolution to increase our understanding of basic biological processes that govern development, physiology and anatomy, and to accelerate diagnosis and treatment of disease. The Lung Biological Network of the HCA aims to generate the Human Lung Cell Atlas as a reference for the cellular repertoire, molecular cell states and phenotypes, and cell-cell interactions that characterise normal lung homeostasis in healthy lung tissue. Such a reference atlas of the healthy human lung will facilitate mapping the changes in the cellular landscape in disease. The discovAIR project is one of six pilot actions for the HCA funded by the European Commission in the context of the H2020 framework programme. discovAIR aims to establish the first draft of an integrated Human Lung Cell Atlas, combining single-cell transcriptional and epigenetic profiling with spatially resolving techniques on matched tissue samples, as well as including a number of chronic and infectious diseases of the lung. The integrated Human Lung Cell Atlas will be available as a resource for the wider respiratory community, including basic and translational scientists, clinical medicine, and the private sector, as well as for patients with lung disease and the interested lay public. We anticipate that the Human Lung Cell Atlas will be the founding stone for a more detailed understanding of the pathogenesis of lung diseases, guiding the design of novel diagnostics and preventive or curative interventions.
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| 18. |
- Lundqvist, Mats, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Making the whole university entrepreneurial – decades of legitimacy-building through Chalmers School of Entrepreneurship
- 2024
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Ingår i: Technovation. - 0166-4972. ; 132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how more than 25 years of combined entrepreneurial activities have not only developed the third mission of an entrepreneurial university but also improved the first and second missions of education and research. The case, Chalmers School of Entrepreneurship, displays how faculty and annual cohorts of student surrogate entrepreneurs taking on university spinoffs, champion pragmatic and moral legitimacy eventually resulting in cognitive legitimacy within the university and beyond. The effects have not only been commercial, making Chalmers University of Technology into a leading European incubation environment, but have also stimulated education and research to become more entrepreneurial. The article introduces an intrapreneurial capability approach to transforming entrepreneurial universities where legitimacy-building over decades around a new entrepreneurial model complements an incrementalist understanding of university development.
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| 19. |
- Raible, Stephanie, et al.
(författare)
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Breaking down entrepreneurial stereotypes: Exposing students' assumptions of what it means to be an entrepreneur
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- “Superhuman” conceptions of entrepreneurs, such as Steve Jobs and Elon Musk, stemming from popular media (Drakopoulou Dodd & Anderson, 2007) shape the assumptions of the students when entering entrepreneurship classrooms (Farny, Frederiksen, Hannibal, & Jones, 2016). These stereotypes can be strong and limiting, framing entrepreneurship as attainable only through exceptional skill and talent, and often characterized by exclusively masculine qualities Gupta, Turban, Wasti, & Sikdar, 2009). The exposure and direct discussion of the stereotypes of entrepreneurs in the classroom can help to expose the assumptions students hold about entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship as a profession. The experiential exercise aids to provide students with both an awareness of their own assumptions of entrepreneurs and counter-stereotypical models of real-life entrepreneurs. The exercise builds upon quotes taken from individuals reflecting on their lived perspectives of their identity while becoming entrepreneurs. Through discussion, students (1) compare their own assumptions of entrepreneurs with the quotes provides; (2) discuss the potential profile of the entrepreneurs behind the quotes; (3) explore their new assumptions of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship; and (4) reflect on how their prior and current assumptions of entrepreneurs is relevant to them and their potential to become entrepreneurial.
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| 20. |
- Syrén, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Design, structure and plasma binding of ancestral β-CoV scaffold antigens
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The pandemic caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has had devastating consequences on global health and economy. Despite the success of vaccination campaigns emerging variants are of concern and novel viruses with the potential to drive future pandemics are circulating in nature. Development of vaccines can be challenging, as key viral protein antigens can be unstable or aggregate. In this study, we present the application of ancestral sequence reconstruction on coronavirus spike protein, resulting in stable and highly soluble ancestral scaffold antigens (AnSAs). The AnSAs interacted with plasma of patients recovered from COVID-19 but did not bind to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Cryo-EM analysis of the AnSAs yielded high resolution structures (2.6-2.8 Å) indicating a closed pre-fusion conformation in which all three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) are facing downwards. This captured closed state is stabilised by an intricate hydrogen‑bonding network mediated by well-resolved loops, both within and across monomers, tethering the N‑terminal domain and RBD together, which determines their relative spatial orientation. Finally, we show how AnSAs are potent scaffolds by replacing the ancestral RBD with the Wuhan wild-type sequence, which restored ACE2 binding and increased the interaction with convalescent plasma. In contrast to rational antigen design depending on prior structural knowledge, our work highlights how stable and potentially interesting antigens can be generated using exclusively available sequence information.
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| 21. |
- van Schaaijk, Art, et al.
(författare)
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Mediating Factors for the Relationship between Stress and Work Ability over Time in Young Adults.
- 2020
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 17:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stress can affect work ability. The aim of this study was to identify how this pathway is mediated over time in young adults. Participants of the Work Ability in Young Adults cohort were selected. A theoretical framework was built, which lead to a statistical model. Selected dimensions of mediators were recovery, work demands affecting private life, feelings of control over private life, and physical activity in leisure time. A quadruple serial mediation model was built with four mediators. The total effect of stress on work ability was -0.3955, 95% CI [-0.4764, -0.3146]. The total indirect effect amounted to 81% with an effect of -0.3182, 95% CI [-0.3750, -0.2642]. The relationship between stress and Work Ability Score five years later in young adults was mediated by stress five years later, work demands affecting private life, feelings of control over private life and feeling well-rested upon waking. These results indicate that work demands affecting private life and feelings of control over private life are important mediators of the relationship between stress and work ability in young adults. A well-balanced relationship between work and private life can counteract the influence of stress on work ability in this age group.
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| 22. |
- Williams Middleton, Karen, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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21. Entrepreneurs versus entrepreneurial
- 2021
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Ingår i: World Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship. - 9781839104138 ; , s. 177-183
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Not long ago, entrepreneurship was considered something exotic only achieved by a precious few. Currently, entrepreneurship is basically everywhere, leaving people to figure out what entrepreneurship implies in their contexts. Many feel alienated by stereotyped definitions that do not match their lived experience, as ‘entrepreneur’ and ‘entrepreneurship’ struggle to be separated from their narrow origins. Popular press and economic theory have made both terms inseparable from the creation of new economically successful firms. From desired outcome it follows that entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship are thus exclusively about having an identity and displaying behaviors that help reach this goal. Stereotyping then occurs in three ways: (1) through stipulating a certain outcome (successful firm) in a certain (economic) context; (2) by specifying certain behaviors, such as staying in control and appropriating, to achieve this outcome; and (3) by imposing an identity and mindset suitable for being this firm-creating and firm-controlling entrepreneur. If entrepreneurship and entrepreneur is all about creating economically successful new business, what about the entrepreneurial? A Google search of ‘entrepreneurial’ gives the impression that this adjective is mainly about existing in a way that results in the creation of a successful firm. However, along with this interpretation, there are also broader understandings, indicating a wider conceptualization including being innovative, creative, resourceful and adaptable, and embedded in different contexts other than in new firms. However, the broadening of entrepreneurship has also been met with critique that entrepreneurship then risks being diluted into meaning almost anything for anyone.
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