| 1. |
- Schael, S., et al.
(author)
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Electroweak measurements in electron positron collisions at W-boson-pair energies at LEP
- 2013
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In: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 532:4, s. 119-244
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the electron positron collider LEP at CERN from 1995 to 2000 are reported. The combined data set considered in this report corresponds to a total luminosity of about 3 fb(-1) collected by the four LEP experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, 13 and OPAL, at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 130 GeV to 209 GeV. Combining the published results of the four LEP experiments, the measurements include total and differential cross-sections in photon-pair, fermion-pair and four-fermion production, the latter resulting from both double-resonant WW and ZZ production as well as singly resonant production. Total and differential cross-sections are measured precisely, providing a stringent test of the Standard Model at centre-of-mass energies never explored before in electron positron collisions. Final-state interaction effects in four-fermion production, such as those arising from colour reconnection and Bose Einstein correlations between the two W decay systems arising in WW production, are searched for and upper limits on the strength of possible effects are obtained. The data are used to determine fundamental properties of the W boson and the electroweak theory. Among others, the mass and width of the W boson, m(w) and Gamma(w), the branching fraction of W decays to hadrons, B(W -> had), and the trilinear gauge-boson self-couplings g(1)(Z), K-gamma and lambda(gamma), are determined to be: m(w) = 80.376 +/- 0.033 GeV Gamma(w) = 2.195 +/- 0.083 GeV B(W -> had) = 67.41 +/- 0.27% g(1)(Z) = 0.984(-0.020)(+0.018) K-gamma - 0.982 +/- 0.042 lambda(gamma) = 0.022 +/- 0.019. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(author)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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In: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Olive, K. A., et al.
(author)
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REVIEW OF PARTICLE PHYSICS Particle Data Group
- 2014
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In: Chinese Physics C. - : IOP Publishing. - 1674-1137 .- 2058-6132. ; 38:9
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,283 new measurements from 899 Japers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as heavy neutrinos, supersymmetric and technicolor particles, axions, dark photons, etc. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Supersymmetry, Extra Dimensions, Particle Detectors, Probability, and Statistics. Among the 112 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on: Dark Energy, Higgs Boson Physics, Electroweak Model, Neutrino Cross Section Measurements, Monte Carlo Neutrino Generators, Top Quark, Dark Matter, Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Accelerator Physics of Colliders, High-Energy Collider Parameters, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Astrophysical Constants and Cosmological Parameters.
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| 4. |
- Yao, W-M, et al.
(author)
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Review of Particle Physics
- 2006
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In: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 33:1, s. 1-1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 5. |
- Beringer, J., et al.
(author)
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REVIEW OF PARTICLE PHYSICS Particle Data Group
- 2012
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In: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 86:1, s. 010001-
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2658 new measurements from 644 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 112 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on Heavy-Quark and Soft-Collinear Effective Theory, Neutrino Cross Section Measurements, Monte Carlo Event Generators, Lattice QCD, Heavy Quarkonium Spectroscopy, Top Quark, Dark Matter, V-cb & V-ub, Quantum Chromodynamics, High-Energy Collider Parameters, Astrophysical Constants, Cosmological Parameters, and Dark Matter. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov.
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| 6. |
- Amsler, C., et al.
(author)
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Review of particle physics
- 2008
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In: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 667:1-5, s. 1-1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions., plus 2778 new measurements from 645 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors., probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on CKM quark-mixing matrix, V-ud & V-us, V-cb & V-ub, top quark, muon anomalous magnetic moment, extra dimensions, particle detectors, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology.
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| 7. |
- Nakamura, K., et al.
(author)
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Review Of Particle Physics
- 2010
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In: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 37:7A, s. 1-1422
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mass, mixing, and oscillations, QCD, top quark, CKM quark-mixing matrix, V-ud & V-us, V-cb & V-ub, fragmentation functions, particle detectors for accelerator and non-accelerator physics, magnetic monopoles, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.1b1.gov.
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| 8. |
- Hagiwara, K, et al.
(author)
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Review of particle physics
- 2002
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In: Physical Review D (Particles and Fields). - 0556-2821. ; 66:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review) Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website http //pdg 1b1 gov.
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| 24. |
- Eriksson, C., et al.
(author)
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Golimumab är effektivt vid ulcerös kolit under svenska förhållanden. Interimsanalys av en svensk prospektiv multi-centerstudie, GO-SWIBREG
- 2018
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bakgrund: Randomiserade kontrollerade prövningar har visat effekt av golimumab vid ulcerös kolit men studiedeltagare och förhållanden i kliniska prövningar motsvarar inte alltid svensk klinisk vardag. Syftet med denna studie var att utvärdera säkerhet och effekt av behandling med golimumab vid ulcerös kolit under svenska förhållanden.Metod: Detta är en prospektiv kohortstudie med inklusion av patienter från svenska sjukhus. Patienter med måttlig till svår aktiv ulcerös kolit, definierad som endoskopiskt Mayo score ≥2 och som påbörjade golimumab fr.o.m. 1/6-2014 inkluderades efter att informerat samtycke inhämtats. Kliniska karakteristika, behandling, klinisk-, biokemisk- och endoskopisk aktivitet liksom skattning av livskvalité samlades in vid inklusion samt prospektivt med hjälp av ett elektroniskt studieformulär, integrerat i svenska kvalitetsregistret för IBD (SWIBREG). Primärt effektmått var klinisk effekt vid 3 samt 12 månader (definierat som minskat Mayo score med ≥3 poäng eller 30 % från inklusion), samt klinisk remission (definierad som Mayo score ≤ 2 utan några enskilda poäng >1). Kontinuerliga data presenteras som median och kvartilavstånd. För statistisk jämförelse mellan inklusion och uppföljning användes Wilcoxon-signed rank test. Data från induktionsbehandling samt 3-månadersuppföljning presenteras här.Resultat: 50 patienter inkluderades t.o.m. 15/9-2017. Vid studiestart var 24/50 (48 %) samtidigt behandlade med immunmodulerare, 16/50 (32 %) med perorala kortikosteroider samt 27/50 (54 %) med 5-ASA. Totalt hade 35/50 (70 %) tidigare fått behandling med minst en TNF-hämmare (tabell 1). Efter 12 veckor hade 37/50 (74 %), fortfarande behandling med golimumab. Av de patienter som fortsatte med golimumab till vecka 12 var 8 (22 %) i klinisk remission och 13 (35 %) uppvisade klinisk respons. Totalt Mayo score minskade i median från 7 (6-10) vid inklusion till 5 (1-8) vid 12 veckor (p<0.01). Fekalt calprotektin minskade från 710 (275-1850) µg/g till 390 (45-870) µg/g (p=0.02). Livskvalitet hos golimumab-behandlade patienter förbättrades, uppmätt som en signifikant minskning av poäng på short health scale (p=0.04).Slutsats: Golimumab-behandlade patienter i Sverige utgör en svårbehandlad grupp. Trots det kan förbättring av kliniska parametrar, inflammatorisk aktivitet och upplevd livskvalité uppnås redan efter 12 veckors golimumab-behandling.
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| 26. |
- Gustavsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Clinical trial : colectomy after rescue therapy in ulcerative colitis-3-year follow-up of the Swedish-Danish controlled infliximab study
- 2010
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In: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. - : Wiley. - 0269-2813 .- 1365-2036. ; 32:8, s. 984-989
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The long-term efficacy of infliximab as rescue therapy in steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis is not well described. Aim To examine the long-term efficacy of infliximab as a rescue therapy through a 3-year follow-up of a previous placebo-controlled trial of infliximab in acute steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis. Method In the original study, 45 patients were randomized to a single infusion of infliximab 5 mg/kg or placebo, and at 3 months, 7/24 patients given infliximab were operated vs. 14/21 patients given placebo. Three years or later, patients were asked to participate in a clinical follow-up. Results Another seven patients underwent colectomy during follow-up: five in the infliximab group and two in the placebo group. After 3 years, a total of 12/24 (50%) patients given infliximab and 16/21 (76%) given placebo (P = 0.012) had a colectomy. None of eight patients in endoscopic remission at 3 months later had a colectomy compared with 7/14 (50%) patients who were not in remission (P = 0.02). There was no mortality. Conclusion The benefit of rescue therapy with infliximab in steroid-refractory acute ulcerative colitis remained after 3 years. The main advantage of infliximab treatment occurred during the first 3 months, whereas subsequent colectomy rates were similar in the two groups. Mucosal healing at 3 months influenced later risk of colectomy.
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| 28. |
- Hildebrand Karlén, Malin, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Autistic Personality Traits and Treatment Outcome for Alcohol Use Disorders
- 2021
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In: Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0022-3018 .- 1539-736X. ; 209:9, s. 665-673
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The importance of personality traits for the outcome of psychiatric treatment, including treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), has been widely acknowledged. Also, research on autism spectrum disorders has evolved in recent years, emphasizing that the behavioral traits within these neuropsychiatric disorders exist on a dimension both within and outside the boundaries of psychopathology. In the present study, the relationship between personality traits associated with autistic functioning and level of alcohol use among patients before and after concluded AUD treatment was investigated. The participants (n = 165, diagnosed with AUD) were part of a longitudinal project on AUD treatment. Data from personality questionnaires (Structured Clinical Interview of Personality Disorders II and Temperament and Character Inventory) were used to assess autistic personality traits (APTs) based on behavior within Wing's triad, which were related to background and treatment outcome. The chosen APT items illustrated a personality functioning with an emphasis on social interaction and rigidity. Only certain included questions were indicative of still having a problematic drinking pattern 2.5 years after treatment entry, which adhered to phobic, obsessive-compulsive, and schizoid personality traits, as well as rigidity/stubbornness. Albeit with modest influence, the degree of APTs was associated with heavier drinking at treatment entry, and symptoms relating to social interaction and rigidity were associated with still having a problematic drinking pattern 2.5 years after treatment entry. A higher degree of such traits may result in having problems taking advice from others and establishing treatment alliance, important parts of treatment efficacy, making assessment of such traits relevant to clinicians.
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| 29. |
- Hofvander, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Autism Spectrum Disorders in forensic psychiatric investigations-patterns of comorbidity and criminality
- 2023
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In: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - 1664-0640. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThere are contradictory research findings regarding whether individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are more or less likely to commit crimes. The aims of the current study were to: (1) Describe psychiatric and crime-related characteristics of a large group of offenders with ASD who had undergone a Forensic Psychiatric Investigation (FPI). (2) Identify clinical subgroups among this group of offenders. (3) Investigate associations between the identified clinical subgroups and (a) psychiatric comorbidity (b) types of crimes and (c) criminal responsibility. MethodsThe study cohort consists of all subjects (n = 831) who received an ASD-diagnosis at an FPI between 2002 and 2018 in Sweden. Descriptive and clinical, as well as crime related variables were obtained from the FPIs. Non-parametric (Pearson & chi;(2), Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney U-test) inferential statistics were used for analyses of between-group differences and effect sizes were reported. A Latent Class Analysis was used to identify homogeneous subgroups (or classes) from categorical characteristics. ResultsThe cohort consisted of 708 men and 123 women, aged 18 to 74 yrs. Two-thirds (66.7%) of the cohort had at least one other psychiatric diagnosis, the most prevalent was substance use disorder (SUD). A severe mental disorder, equivalent to lack of criminal responsibility, was most often reported among offenders with a comorbid diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The most common type of crime was violent crime. Three person-oriented clinical subgroups were identified; (1) ASD with few other diagnoses; (2) ASD and very high levels of SUDs, plus moderate levels of other externalizing disorders and psychotic psychopathology and (3) ASD and moderate to high levels of personality disorders (other than ASPD) and SUDs. ConclusionOur results highlight the importance of all parts of the CJS to be prepared to handle offenders with ASD, often with high levels of additional psychiatric problems. Traditional approaches in treatment or other psychosocial interventions for ASD may need to be adapted to at least three general clinical profiles- one with mainly neurodevelopmental problems, one with a spectrum of externalizing problems and one with complex personality related difficulties.
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| 30. |
- Jacobsson, H, et al.
(author)
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Mesalazine-induced renal calculi
- 2013
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In: The American journal of case reports. - 1941-5923. ; 14, s. 551-3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 35. |
- Karlen, P, et al.
(author)
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Is colonoscopic surveillance reducing colorectal cancer mortality in ulcerative colitis? A population based case control study
- 1998
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In: Gut. - : BMJ. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 42:5, s. 711-714
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background—Colonoscopic surveillance is a standard procedure in many patients with long standing, extensive ulcerative colitis (UC), in order to avoid death from colorectal cancer. No conclusive proof of its benefits has been presented however.Aims—To evaluate the association between colonoscopic surveillance and colorectal cancer mortality in patients with UC.Patients—A population based, nested case control study comprising 142 patients with a definite UC diagnosis, derived from a study population of 4664 patients with UC, was conducted.Methods—Colonoscopic surveillance in all patients with UC who had died from colorectal cancer after 1975 was compared with that in controls matched for age, sex, extent, and duration of the disease. Information on colonoscopic surveillance was obtained from the medical records.Results—Two of 40 patients with UC and 18 of 102 controls had undergone at least one surveillance colonoscopy (relative risk (RR) 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 1.31). Twelve controls but only one patient with UC had undergone two or more surveillance colonoscopies (RR 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.03 to 1.74), indicating a protective dose response relation.Conclusion—Colonoscopic surveillance may be associated with a decreased risk of death from colorectal cancer in patients with long standing UC.
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| 39. |
- Lindberg, A., et al.
(author)
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Experiences of complementary and alternative medicine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease - a qualitative study
- 2014
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In: Bmc Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6882. ; 14:407
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is increasing. Although CAM often improves patients' well-being, it can also lead to side-effects and interactions with conventional medications. Research on patients with IBD in Sweden who have experiences of CAM is sparse. More studies are needed to enhance awareness of and improve communication about CAM. The aim of this study was to describe experiences of CAM in the healthcare context reported by patients with IBD. Methods: Fifteen patients with IBD, eight with Crohn's disease (CD) and seven with ulcerative colitis (UC), were recruited. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted and qualitative content analysis was performed. Results: The analysis revealed the theme Knowledge and communication lead to participation in the area of CAM based on three categories; CAM use, Communication and Self-care. Patients with IBD wanted to be asked about CAM to be able to start a dialogue, as some perceived being treated in a disparaging manner and not taken seriously when raising the subject. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) need to be aware of this in order to meet and understand patient needs. Patients with IBD found it easier to communicate about CAM with the IBD nurses than physicians and dietary changes was one important CAM treatment. Conclusions: The finding that it was easier to discuss CAM with nurses than physicians emphasizes the important role of the IBD nurse in communication and monitoring patients' CAM use. Patients wanted to be asked about CAM to be able to start a dialogue, as some perceived not taken seriously when raising the subject. Furthermore, HCPs need to understand that many patients with IBD regard dietary changes as an important part of CAM treatment. Further research in these areas is needed.
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| 45. |
- Makitalo, B, et al.
(author)
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Enhanced cellular immunity and systemic control of SHIV infection by combined parenteral and mucosal administration of a DNA prime MVA boost vaccine regimen
- 2004
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In: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 85:Pt 8, s. 2407-2419
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA and recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine administered by two different routes were investigated. DNA expressing HIV-1 IIIB env, gag, RT, rev, tat and nef, and MVA expressing HIV-1 IIIB nef, tat and rev and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) macJ5 gag/pol and vaccinia HIV-1 env, were used as immunogens. Four cynomolgus macaques received DNA intramuscularly (i.m.) at month 0 and intrarectally (i.r.) and intra-orally (i.o.) at 2 months, followed by MVA i.m. at 4 months and i.r. and i.o. at 8 months. Another group of four monkeys received the same immunogens but only i.m.. Overall, stronger cellular immune responses measured by ELISPOT and T-cell proliferation assay were detected in the group primed i.m. and boosted mucosally. Following homologous intravenous simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenge, one of eight vaccinated animals was completely protected. This monkey, immunized i.m. and i.r.+i.o., exhibited the highest levels of HIV Env, Nef and Tat antibodies, high HIV Tat cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity and T-lymphocyte proliferative responses to HIV Env. Four weeks post-challenge none of the monkeys immunized i.m. and i.r.+i.o., and only two out of four animals immunized i.m., demonstrated detectable plasma viral RNA levels. In contrast, all eight control animals had demonstrable plasma viral RNA levels 4 weeks post-challenge. Thus, stronger cellular immune responses and reduction of challenge virus burden were demonstrated in animals immunized i.m. as well as mucosally, compared with animals immunized i.m. only. The breadth and magnitude of the induced immune responses correlated with protective efficacy.
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| 48. |
- Nafari, A., et al.
(author)
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MEMS Sensor for< emphasis emphasistype
- 2008
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In: Microelectromechanical Systems, Journal of. - Philadelphia : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 1057-7157. ; 17:2, s. 328-333
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Here, we present a MEMS atomic force microscope sensor for use inside a transmission electron microscope ITEM). This enables direct in situ TEM force measurements in the nanonewton range and thus mechanical characterization of nanosized structures. The main design challenges of the system and sensor are to reach a high sensitivity and to make a compact design that allows the sensor to be fitted in the narrow dimensions of the pole gap inside the TEM. In order to miniaturize the sensing device, an integrated detection with piezoresistive elements arranged in a full Wheatstone bridge was used. Fabrication of the sensor was done using standard micromachining techniques, such as ion implantation, oxide growth and deep reactive ion etch. We also present in situ TEM force measurements on nanotubes, which demonstrate the ability to measure spring constants of nanoscale systems
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| 50. |
- Oxelmark, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Use of complementary and alternative medicine in Swedish patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a controlled study
- 2016
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In: European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0954-691X. ; 28:11, s. 1320-1328
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThere is an increasing interest in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in patients with chronic diseases, including those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients may turn to CAM when conventional therapies are inadequate or associated with side effects for symptomatic relief or to regain control over their disease. The objectives were to explore CAM use and perceived effects in IBD patients in comparison with a control group.MethodsA cross-sectional, multicenter, controlled study was carried out. IBD patients were invited from 12 IBD clinics in Sweden. Controls were selected randomly from a residence registry. A study-specific questionnaire was used for data collection.ResultsOverall, 48.3% of patients with IBD had used some kind of CAM during the past year compared with 53.5% in controls (P=0.025, adjusted for age, sex, geographic residence, and diet). The most frequently used CAM among IBD patients was massage (21.3%), versus controls (31.4%) (adjusted P=0.0003). The second most used CAM was natural products, 18.7% in IBD patients versus 22.3% of the controls (unadjusted P=0.018). In all, 83.1% of the patients experienced positive effects from CAM and 14.4% experienced negative effects.ConclusionOverall, 48.3% of Swedish IBD patients used some kind of CAM and controls used CAM significantly more. Natural products were used by one-fifth of the patients and even more by controls. This is notable from a patient safety perspective considering the possible risks of interactions with conventional medication. In all, 40% of the patients reported adverse events from conventional medicine. Patients experienced predominantly positive effects from CAM, and so did controls.
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