| 1. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of asthma among workers exposed to sulfur dioxide and other irritant gases
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 27:4, s. 720-5.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate whether repeated peak exposure (gassings) to sulphur dioxide (SO2) and other irritant gases increases the risk of new-onset asthma. A questionnaire was sent to 4,112 sulphite workers, of whom 1,919 completed the questionnaire and 396 completed the short-form questionnaire, which was sent out as a last reminder. A sample of 130 nonrespondents completed a telephone interview using the short-form questionnaire. The incidence of adult-onset, physician-diagnosed asthma during employment duration was analysed in relation to exposure to SO2 and gassings giving rise to respiratory symptoms. Incidence rates, as well as incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI), were calculated. Further Cox regression models were used allowing assessment of hazard ratios (HR) stratified for sex and adjusted for atopy, smoking habits and age. The incidence rate for asthma among sulphite mill workers reporting gassings of SO2 was 6.2 out of 1,000 person-yrs, compared with 1.9 out of 1,000 person-yrs among subjects unexposed to SO2 and any gassings (HR (95% CI) 4.0 (2.1-7.7)). Among males reporting gassings to SO2, the HR (95% CI) for asthma was 5.8 (2.6-13) compared with unexposed males. In conclusion, repeated peak exposure to sulphur dioxide increased the incidence of asthma during work in sulphite pulp mills, which supports the hypothesis of irritant-induced asthma.
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| 2. |
- Björk, Magnus, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Exposed Datapath for Efficient Computing
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce FlexCore, which is the first exemplar of a processor based on the FlexSoC processor paradigm. TheFlexCore utilizes an exposed datapath for increased performance. Microbenchmarks yield a performance boost of a factor of two over a traditional five-stage pipeline with the same functional units as the FlexCore.We describe our approach to compiling for the FlexCore.A flexible interconnect allows the FlexCore datapath to bedynamically reconfigured as a consequence of code generation. Additionally, specialized functional units may be introduced and utilized within the same architecture and compilation framework. The exposed datapath requires a wide control word. The conducted evaluation of two micro benchmarks confirms that this increases the instruction bandwidth and memory footprint. This calls for an efficient instruction decoding as proposed in the FlexSoC paradigm.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Haraldsson, Kjell, et al.
(författare)
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Koll på Europa
- 2008
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 6. |
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| 8. |
- Haraldsson, Kjell, et al.
(författare)
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Koll på Sverige
- 2007
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Haraldsson, Kjell, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Världen.
- 2009
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Karlsson, Beatrice, et al.
(författare)
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Quasispecies dynamics and molecular evolution of human norovirus capsid P region during chronic infection
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 90:2, s. 432-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this novel study, we have for the first time identified evolutionarily conserved capsid residues in an individual chronically infected with norovirus (GGII.3). From 2000 to 2003, a total of 147 P1-1 and P2 capsid sequences were sequenced and investigated for evolutionarily conserved and functionally important residues by the evolutionary trace (ET) algorithm. The ET algorithm revealed more absolutely conserved residues (ACR) in the P1-1 domain (47/53, 88 %) as compared with the P2 domain (86/133, 64 %). The capsid P1-1 and P2 domains evolved in time-dependent manner, with a distinct break point observed between autumn/winter of year 2000 (isolates P1, P3 and P5) and spring to autumn of year 2001 (isolates P11, P13 and P15), which presumably coincided with a change of clinical symptoms. Furthermore, the ET analysis revealed a similar receptor-binding pattern as reported for Norwalk and VA387 strains, with the CS-4 and CS-5 patch (Norwalk strain) including residues 329 and 377 and residues 306 and 310, respectively, all being ACR in all partitions. Most interesting was that residues 343, 344, 345, 374, 390 and 391 of the proposed receptor A and B trisaccharide binding site (VA387 strain) within the P2 domain remained ACR in all partitions, presumably because there was no selective advantage to alter the histo blood group antigens (HBGA) receptor binding specificity. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights to the evolutionary process of norovirus during chronic infection.
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| 14. |
- Karlsson, Berndt, et al.
(författare)
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Total mortality and cause-specific mortality of Swedish shift- and dayworkers in the pulp and paper industry in 1952-2001.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 31:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigated the relationship between shiftwork and mortality, both total mortality and cause-specific mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and diabetes. Methods The cohort consisted of 2354 shiftworkers and 3088 dayworkers in two pulp and paper manufacturing plants. The mortality of the cohort was monitored from 1 January 1952 to 31 December 2001 by linkage to the national Cause of Death Register. Groups of workers defined by different durations of shiftwork exposure were compared with dayworkers by calculating standardized relative rates (SRR).
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Karlsson, Klas-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Public Uses of History in Contemporary Europe
- 2007
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Ingår i: History on Trial. Europe since 1989 and the Role of the Expert Historian. - 9780719074172 ; , s. 27-45
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The article analyses various uses of history in contemporary Europe, starting from a Swedish perspective
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Karlsson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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New methodology for estimating rumen protein degradation using the in vitro gas technique
- 2009
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Ingår i: Animal Feed Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0377-8401 .- 1873-2216. ; 153, s. 193-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the possibility of estimating in vitro degradable crude protein (IVDP) and effective crude protein (CP) degradation (EPD) of protein feeds in the rumen using a new method based on the in vitro gas production (GP) technique of Raab et al. [Raab, L., Cafantaris, B., Jilg, T., Menke, K.H., 1983. Romeo protein degradation and biosynthesis. 1. A new method for determination of protein degradation in rumen fluid in vitro. Br. J. Nutr. 50, 569-582]. Cold-pressed hempseed cake, cold-pressed rapeseed cake, rapeseed expeller, heat-treated rapeseed meal and soybean meal, used as test feeds, were incubated with buffered rumen fluid and carbohydrates at four concentrations, and amounts of ammonia-N and gas produced were measured after 4,8,12,16,24, and 30 h. The new GP technique included a number of methodological changes. Samples for ammonia-N analysis were collected from the same flask at every sampling time, and rumen fluid was pre-incubated with carbohydrates to enhance microbial activity and reduce background ammonia-N levels. Results using the new methodology showed that feed, time and feed x time interaction all affected IVDP estimates (P<0.01). Estimated EPD values obtained using the GP method were affected by feed (P<0.001), and were 0.33, 0.36, 0.46. 0.59 and 0.67 for hempseed cake, rapeseed meal, rapeseed expeller, rapeseed cake and soybean meal, respectively. We conclude that the new GP technique, compared to the original method, can provide more practical estimates of IVDP that enable calculations of EPD values of protein feeds. Additional studies are required to further validate the reliability of the method using feeds with known in vivo responses in order to develop the technique into a useful method for estimating CP degradation in the rumen. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Karlsson, Ulf, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Stress and Fatigue Analysis of a Bow-Door Arm
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment. - 2041-3084 .- 1475-0902. ; 221:3, s. 125-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most of the bow-door systems constructed today have their bow-doors attached to the hull via arms and open horizontally outwards from the ship’s sides. The arms carry the doors during opening and closing and when they are in open position.Bow door systems are designed according to the class rules, of which the IACS UR S8 rules serve as a base. Even though bow-door arms are subjected to some dynamic loads, they are dimensioned according to static loads. One ferry designed in this way obtained a large crack in the port-side arm. If the arm had cracked off completely, the bow-door would probably have been lost at sea, as the arm was a part of the locking arrangement. In order to investigate if arms, dimensioned according to a static load, can be a part of the supporting and locking arrangement of bow-doors, an analysis of a bow-door arm has been carried out. The analysis was carried out with field measurements, in the form of strain- and acceleration measurements, on an arm during the different load cases it is subjected to. The measured results were applied on a FE-Model of the arm in order to find the stress and stress ranges everywhere in the arm during the different load cases. With this information, areas subjected to large stress amplitudes were identified for which fatigue calculations were carried out. None of the load cases proved to give rise to fatigue of concern, except for the bow propellers, which, in certain situations, excite the arms into resonance cycling. The resonance gives rise to a high number of stress cycles with amplitudes large enough to cause fatigue failure.
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| 21. |
- Neiberg, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Emotion Recognition in Spontaneous Speech Using GMMs
- 2006
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Ingår i: INTERSPEECH 2006 AND 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPOKEN LANGUAGE PROCESSING. - BAIXAS : ISCA-INST SPEECH COMMUNICATION ASSOC. ; , s. 809-812, s. 101-104
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automatic detection of emotions has been evaluated using standard Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients, MFCCs, and a variant, MFCC-low, calculated between 20 and 300 Hz, in order to model pitch. Also plain pitch features have been used. These acoustic features have all been modeled by Gaussian mixture models, GMMs, on the frame level. The method has been tested on two different corpora and languages; Swedish voice controlled telephone services and English meetings. The results indicate that using GMMs on the frame level is a feasible technique for emotion classification. The two MFCC methods have similar performance, and MFCC-low outperforms the pitch features. Combining the three classifiers significantly improves performance.
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| 22. |
- Sandström, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetare med medicinska implantat : vägledning vid återgång i arbete i miljöer som innebär exponering för elektromagnetiska fält
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Allt fler personer bär idag någon form av medicinska implantat. Det kan varaaktiva implantat som pacemakers eller passiva som exempelvis knä eller höftprotes.Återgång till arbetsliv är normalt inget problem, men i vissa yrken kandet kompliceras av den miljö som arbetaren vistas i. Exponering för elektromagnetiskafält, från statiska fält upp till och med mikrovågsområdet, kan påverkasåväl aktiva som passiva implantat. Felfunktion hos implantatet, elektrostimuleringav närliggande nerver och muskler och upphettning av närliggande vävnadär exempel på sådan oönskad påverkan.Det ställs idag höga krav på störtålighet hos implanterbar medicinteknisk utrustning.Trots detta finns det en rad situationer där oönskad påverkan kan ske.Individfaktorer, arbetssätt och inte minst att varje utrustning kan sägas varaunik, bidrar till svårigheten att ge generella råd.I den riskbedömning som arbetsgivaren är ålagd att utföra enligt arbetsmiljölagenska hänsyn tas till personer med speciella behov, exempelvis personermed olika typer av implantat.Vilka som är involverade i riskbedömningen och hur omfattande den bör varaberor på vilken typ av implantat och vilken typ av arbete det gäller. Väsentligtär att såväl medicinsk som teknisk kompetens bör delta i riskbedömningen. Vadgäller störtåligheten för ett specifikt implantat så är tillverkarna av implantatende som bäst kan bistå med information. Riskbedömningen bör inkludera följandemoment:Typ av implantat och dess känslighet för yttre påverkan samt medicinskakonsekvenser av felfunktion;Identifiera möjliga källor för påverkan på arbetsplatsen;Sammanställning och analys av insamlad data;Slutsatser och råd om hur arbetet lämpligast ska utformas och utföras;Uppföljande kontroll, speciellt viktigt vid ändrade arbetsuppgifter ellerinförande av nya moment.
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| 23. |
- Wallgren, Märtha, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of land use on the abundance of wildlife and livestock in the Kalahari, Botswana
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Arid Environments. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-1963 .- 1095-922X. ; 73:3, s. 314-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human land use such as pastoralism may be a key determinant of wildlife populations. We studied the influence of land use on wildlife and livestock in south-western Kalahari, Botswana, during the wet and dry seasons. We included two types of livestock areas and two types of wildlife protection areas. Wild and domestic mammals >0.2 kg were sampled by distance technique. Small mammals <0.2 kg were trapped and a vegetation survey was performed. Livestock and some medium-sized wildlife species were most abundant in livestock areas, while large-sized wildlife species were mainly restricted to wildlife areas. Most red-listed species were confined to the national park. The influence of land use on abundances changed moderately between seasons. However, cattle moved into wildlife areas during the wet season. Differences in species richness and diversity were most pronounced during the dry season. The trapping frequency of small mammals was highest in the national park. Differences in vegetation structure included sparser field layer and higher cover of an invasive shrub in livestock areas. Our study shows the importance of protected areas for many wildlife species in the Kalahari. It also shows the value of a multi-species approach for investigating the effects of land use on wildlife communities.
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