| 1. |
- Ahlgren, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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PRISMA Mission Extension : Adapting Mission Operations to New and Changing Mission Objectives
- 2012
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Ingår i: SpaceOps 2012 Conference. - Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PRISMA in-orbit test-bed was launched in June 2010 to demonstrate strategies and technologies for formation flying and rendezvous. OHB Sweden is the prime contractor for the project which is funded by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB) with support from DLR, CNES, and DTU. In early September of 2011, 15 months after launch, all primary mission objectives of the PRISMA formation flying satellites had been achieved and mission success was declared. Since a significant amount of delta-V capability still remained an open call for new experiments was issued, inviting both old and new experimenters to use the capabilities of the formation. Several interested parties took the opportunity to perform their own experiments with an existing platform, each coming with new mission objectives not previously planned to be flown on the PRISMA satellites. Some of these experiments were close to what had already been achieved within the nominal mission, but some included new ways of using the formation not envisioned by the spacecraft designers. The new experiments span from data collection in specific relative orbits, with a separation from a few meters to several kilometers, to entirely new modules within the on-board software. Changing from a pre-planned technology demonstration mission to operating a commercial resource required adaptation of the original operational concept, taking into account the different levels of experience of the customers and managing the satellites between experiments. This paper describes how these new mission objectives were integrated in operations and how a sometimes very short turn-around between initial concept and experiment execution was implemented with the aid of well established validation processes, high degrees of on-board autonomy and a flexible operations team.
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| 2. |
- Ahlström, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Optimus Pråm - Semi-submersible wind farm installation vessel for Blekinge Offshore
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden the government is investing lots of resources in order to meet the energy need with clean and renewable alternatives. Since wind is an unlimited source of energy the exploitations of wind farms is of great interest. This report describes a conceptual design of an innovative offshore wind turbine installation vessel for inland sea conditions, with highest possible energy efficiency and environmental friendly performance in every detail. The customer, Blekinge Offshore, main requirement is to receive a concept with an as low installation cost as possible.The final concept Optimus Pråm includes one installation vessel, which is a semi-submersible barge, and one support vessel that supply the installation vessel with power and propulsion. The power is distributed from the support vessel to the installation vessel through a power cable. The installation vessel will be self-propelled during the installation phase using electrical motors and thrusters.The installation vessel shall be able to handle gravity foundations and fully assembled wind turbines, transported vertically to the installation site. Foundations and windmills will be fully assembled in Karlshamn port before transit to site. During transit the installation and support vessel are connected to each other in all motions except pitch. This almost total fixed connection makes the two vessels acts like one, which gives the joint vessel excellent manoeuvrability. When installing foundations, the installation vessel and the support vessel disconnect. The installation vessel places the foundation at the planned location by ballasting until the foundation has reached the seabed. After de-ballasting the installation vessel and support vessel connects again and transit back to the harbour. When installing wind turbines the two vessels are kept connected and makes highly accurate positioning for the installation possible
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Niklas, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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A variant near the interleukin-6 gene is associated with fat mass in Caucasian men
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 34:6, s. 1011-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Regulation of fat mass appears to be associated with immune functions. Studies of knockout mice show that endogenous interleukin (IL)-6 can suppress mature-onset obesity. OBJECTIVE: To systematically investigate associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the IL-6 (IL6) and IL-6 receptor (IL6R) genes with body fat mass, in support for our hypothesis that variants of these genes can be associated with obesity. DESIGN AND STUDY SUBJECTS: The Gothenburg Osteoporosis and Obesity Determinants (GOOD) study is a population-based cross-sectional study of 18- to 20-year-old men (n=1049), from the Gothenburg area (Sweden). Major findings were confirmed in two additional cohorts consisting of elderly men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Sweden (n=2851) and MrOS US (n=5611) multicenter population-based studies. MAIN OUTCOME: The genotype distributions and their association with fat mass in different compartments, measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Out of 18 evaluated tag SNPs near the IL6 and IL6R genes, a recently identified SNP rs10242595 G/A (minor allele frequency=29%) 3' of the IL6 gene was negatively associated with the primary outcome total body fat mass (effect size -0.11 standard deviation (s.d.) units per A allele, P=0.02). This negative association with fat mass was also confirmed in the combined MrOS Sweden and MrOS US cohorts (effect size -0.05 s.d. units per A allele, P=0.002). When all three cohorts were combined (n=8927, Caucasian subjects), rs10242595(*)A showed a negative association with total body fat mass (effect size -0.05 s.d. units per A allele, P<0.0002). Furthermore, the rs10242595(*)A was associated with low body mass index (effect size -0.03, P<0.001) and smaller regional fat masses. None of the other SNPs investigated in the GOOD study were reproducibly associated with body fat. CONCLUSIONS: The IL6 gene polymorphism rs10242595(*)A is associated with decreased fat mass in three combined cohorts of 8927 Caucasian men.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Arver, Brita, et al.
(författare)
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Bilateral Prophylactic Mastectomy in Swedish Women at High Risk of Breast Cancer: A National Survey.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Annals of surgery. - : Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 1999. - 1528-1140 .- 0003-4932. ; 253:6, s. 1147-1154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:: This study attempted a national inventory of all bilateral prophylactic mastectomies performed in Sweden between 1995 and 2005 in high-risk women without a previous breast malignancy. The primary aim was to investigate the breast cancer incidence after surgery. Secondary aims were to describe the preoperative risk assessment, operation techniques, complications, histopathological findings, and regional differences. METHODS:: Geneticists, oncologists and surgeons performing prophylactic breast surgery were asked to identify all women eligible for inclusion in their region. The medical records were reviewed in each region and the data were analyzed centrally. The BOADICEA risk assessment model was used to calculate the number of expected/prevented breast cancers during the follow-up period. RESULTS:: A total of 223 women operated on in 8 hospitals were identified. During a mean follow-up of 6.6 years, no primary breast cancer was observed compared with 12 expected cases. However, 1 woman succumbed 9 years post mastectomy to widespread adenocarcinoma of uncertain origin. Median age at operation was 40 years. A total of 58% were BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. All but 3 women underwent breast reconstruction, 208 with implants and 12 with autologous tissue. Four small, unifocal, invasive cancers and 4 ductal carcinoma in situ were found in the mastectomy specimens. The incidence of nonbreast related complications was low (3%). Implant loss due to infection/necrosis occurred in 21 women (10%) but a majority received a new implant later. In total, 64% of the women underwent at least 1unanticipated secondary operation. CONCLUSIONS:: Bilateral prophylactic mastectomy is safe and efficacious in reducing future breast cancer in asymptomatic women at high risk. Unanticipated reoperations are common. Given the small number of patients centralization seems justified.
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| 6. |
- Askmyr, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling chronic myeloid leukemia in immunodeficient mice reveals expansion of aberrant mast cells and accumulation of pre-B cells.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Blood Cancer Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2044-5385. ; 4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that, if not treated, will progress into blast crisis (BC) of either myeloid or B lymphoid phenotype. The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, encoding a constitutively active tyrosine kinase, is thought to be sufficient to cause chronic phase (CP) CML, whereas additional genetic lesions are needed for progression into CML BC. To generate a humanized CML model, we retrovirally expressed BCR-ABL1 in the cord blood CD34(+) cells and transplanted these into NOD-SCID (non-obese diabetic/severe-combined immunodeficient) interleukin-2-receptor γ-deficient mice. In primary mice, BCR-ABL1 expression induced an inflammatory-like state in the bone marrow and spleen, and mast cells were the only myeloid lineage specifically expanded by BCR-ABL1. Upon secondary transplantation, the pronounced inflammatory phenotype was lost and mainly human mast cells and macrophages were found in the bone marrow. Moreover, a striking block at the pre-B-cell stage was observed in primary mice, resulting in an accumulation of pre-B cells. A similar block in B-cell differentiation could be confirmed in primary cells from CML patients. Hence, this humanized mouse model of CML reveals previously unexplored features of CP CML and should be useful for further studies to understand the disease pathogenesis of CML.
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| 7. |
- Averfalk, Helge, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatgaser i Halland – en målinriktad analys med framtidsperspektiv
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten innehåller en analys av utsläppen av de sex klimatgaserna i Halland mellan 1990 och 2011, en skattning vad som kommer att genomföras till 2020 och förslag till åtgärder för att kunna leverera utsläppsreduktioner efter 2020. Resultaten visar att de halländska utsläppen har minskat med 20 procent sedan 1990, målet om 27 procent lägre utsläpp till 2020 kommer troligen att uppnås, transporter och jordbruk måste kunna leverera utsläppsreduktioner efter 2020, regionala plan- och styrdokument måste i större utsträckning kunna kvantifiera framtida utsläppsreduktioner samt att det behövs ett regionalt kompetenscenter i Halland för att länet ska kunna leverera utsläppsreduktioner i framtiden.
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| 8. |
- Barendregt, Wolmet, et al.
(författare)
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Lessons from the Evaluation of Game for Developing Number Sense
- 2013
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Ingår i: Chi 2013 Workshop.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we describe the methodological lessons that we learned from the evaluation of Fingu, an iPad game to help children between 4 and 7 years old to develop number sense through use of their fingers. We pay attention to the recruitment of the teachers and children, the selection of the measurement instruments, the distribution of the game to the children, handling a group of testers, and controlling of the use of the game during the study.
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| 9. |
- Barlind, Anna, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased cytogenesis in the granule cell layer of the hippocampus and impaired place learning after irradiation of the young mouse brain evaluated using the IntelliCage platform.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Experimental brain research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1106 .- 0014-4819. ; 201:4, s. 781-787
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiation therapy is used to treat malignant tumors in the brain and central nervous system involvement of leukemia and lymphomas in children. However, ionizing radiation causes a number of adverse long-term side effects in the brain, including cognitive impairment. Hippocampal neurogenesis is important for place learning and has been shown to be decreased by irradiation (IR) in rats and mice. In the present study, 10-day-old male mice received 6-Gy IR to the brain on postnatal day 10. We used BrdU labeling of the granule cell layer (GCL) of the hippocampus to evaluate cell proliferation and survival. An unbiased, automated platform for monitoring of behavior in a group housing environment (IntelliCage) was used to evaluate place learning 2 months after IR. We show that cranial IR impaired place learning and reduced BrdU labeling by 50% in the GCL. Cranial IR also reduced whole body weight gain 5%. We conclude that this experimental paradigm provides a novel and time-saving model to detect differences in place learning in mice subjected to IR. This method of detecting behavioral differences can be used for further studies of adverse effects of IR on hippocampal neurogenesis and possible new strategies to ameliorate the negative effects of IR on cognition.
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| 10. |
- Barlind, Anna, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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The growth hormone secretagogue hexarelin increases cell proliferation in neurogenic regions of the mouse hippocampus.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Growth hormone & IGF research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-2238 .- 1096-6374. ; 20:1, s. 49-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Radiation therapy (RT) to the brain is often used in the treatment of children with different types of malignant diseases affecting the brain. However, RT in childhood may also have severe side effects including impaired brain maturation and intellectual development. For childhood cancer survivors these adverse effects of RT can cause lifelong disability and suffering. Therefore, there is an unmet need to limit late effects after RT. Precursor cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus are particularly sensitive to irradiation (IR). This may be of significance as newly generated neurons in the DG are important for memory and learning. GH secretagogues (GHS) have previously been shown to promote neurogenesis and to have neuroprotective effects. In addition, several parts of the brain, including the hippocampus, have been shown to express the GHS receptor 1a (GHS-R1a). The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of the GHS hexarelin on proliferation and survival of progenitor cells in the hippocampus after brain IR in a mouse model. DESIGN: In the present study, 10-day-old male mice received 6Gy cranial IR. Non-irradiated sham animals were used as controls. We treated one group of irradiated and one sham group with hexarelin (100mug/kg/day) for 28days and used immunohistochemical labeling of bromo-deoxy uridine (BrdU) and phospho-histone H3 of the granular cell layer of the DG to evaluate proliferation and cell survival after IR at postnatal day ten. RESULTS: Our results show that hexarelin significantly increased the number of BrdU-positive cells in the granule cell layer by approximately 50% compared to controls. CONCLUSION: The increased number of BrdU-positive cells in the granule cell layer suggests a partial restoration in the pool of proliferating cells by hexarelin after IR.
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| 11. |
- Bohman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Biogas i Halland : Förbehandling av substrat och simulering av biogasflöden
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bioenergicentrum i Halland (BEH) är ett projekt som ligger inom ramen för EU:s strukturfondsprogram. Projektet genomförs i Region Hallands regi som är regionens välfärds- och utvecklingsorganisation. Arbetet som bedrivs inom BEH syftar speciellt till att driva utvecklingen mot en ökad produktion och användning av bioenergi till biogas och i förlängningen fordonsgas. Genom att satsa på att skapa förutsättningar för innovation, kunskapsutveckling och samverkan främjas tillväxt och hållbar utveckling. Vid naturbruksgymnasiet i Plönninge utanför Halmstad finns idag en biogasanläggning som beskickas med bl.a. nötgödsel och matavfall. Dessutom finns en mindre pilotanläggning som är tänkt att fungera som en del av test- och verifieringsanläggning som BEH vill bygga upp i Plönninge. Som ett led i att utveckla dessa anläggningar och kunna erbjuda möjligheten till kunskapsinsamling genomfördes projektet som beskrivs i denna rapport. Uppdraget var att genomföra försöksrötningar på labb, använda resultaten för att skapa en modell som sedan kan nyttjas som ett verktyg i det inledande arbetet med att investera i en biogasanläggning som beskickas med lantbruksbaserade substrat. Högskolan i Halmstad (HH) genomförde försöksrötningarna och Grontmij (GM) använde sedan resultaten för att skapa en modell där bl.a. substrat, förbehandlingsteknik och driftkostnader finns med. Sammanfattningsvis kan sägas att majs som substrat fungerar bäst med de valda förbehandlingsmetoderna; kemisk behandling, termisk behandling och ultraljudsbehandling. Alla förbehandlingsmetoder med majs som substrat visade på ett positivt resultat, d.v.s. det ökade gasutbytet och dess värde (kr/kWh) översteg kostnaderna för de olika förbehandlingarna. Vad som måste beaktas är att produktionskostnaderna överlag är höga, med och utan förbehandling. Modellen har konstruerats på ett sådant sätt att den ska vara användarvänlig och med möjlighet att enkelt lägga till ytterligare substrat och förbehandlingsmetoder. Upprepningar av de försöksrötningar som genomförts kommer att öka tillförlitligheten hos modellen. Den fungerar som ett verktyg i att beräkna investeringsmarginalen för förbehandlingsutrustningen baserat på det valda substratet. På detta vis kan intressenter få en första indikation på om det är ekonomiskt rimligt att gå vidare med det tänkta substratet, den valda förbehandlingsmetoden, de planerade mängderna substrat etc. En investeringskalkyl har tagits fram för en gårdsanläggning som hanterar 5 000 ton substrat eller gödsel årligen. Det motsvarar 2-3 stycken medelstora mjölkgårdar. Kalkylen är översiktlig och syftar till att ge en första indikation på kostnader för de stora komponenterna såsom substratlager, rötkammare och rötrestlager. Kringarbeten såsom utredningar, markarbeten och geoundersökningar är inte med i kalkylen då dessa omkostnader till stor del avgörs av lokalisering och de förutsättningar som finns på platsen redan från start. Generellt kan dock sägas att den absolut billigaste och enklaste gårdsbaserade biogasanläggningen innebär en investering på 2,7-4 MSEK för flytgödsel från 100-300 mjölkkor. För BEH är det viktigt att skapa en plattform där intressenter kan komma för att genomföra försöksrötningar, byta erfarenheter och samla kunskap. För att uppnå detta är det nödvändigt att kunna erbjuda kunden kompletta och kompetenta lösningar på en och samma plats. Detta innebär ett erbjudande som innefattar försöksrötningar på labb-, pilot och fullskala. Ett förslag på konstruktion av pilotanläggning med övergripande principskiss ingår i denna rapport och fungerar som ett inledande arbete i projekteringen av en större pilotanläggning. Nödvändiga driftanalyser av rötrest ska kunna göras på plats i Plönninge på laboratoriet; analyser såsom enskilda organiska syror ska kunna skickas till lämpligt laboratorium. Personal ska kunna tillhandahållas för att driva och optimera rötningen enligt kundens syften och önskemål. På detta vis fungerar Region Halland som en länk mellan teori ochpraktik, mellan liten och stor skala och mellan aktörer från olika discipliner och geografiska områden.
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| 12. |
- Boström, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Irradiation to the young mouse brain caused long-term, progressive depletion of neurogenesis but did not disrupt the neurovascular niche
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. - : SAGE Publications. - 1559-7016. ; 33:6, s. 935-943
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the effects of ionizing radiation on microvessel structure and complexity in the hippocampus. We also assessed neurogenesis and the neurovascular niche. Postnatal day 14 male C57BL/6 mice received a single dose of 8Gy to the whole brain and were killed 6 hours, 1 week, 7 weeks, or 1 year later. Irradiation decreased the total number of microvessels and branching points from 1 week onwards and decreased the total microvessel area 1 and 7 weeks after irradiation. After an initial increase in vascular parameter densities, concomitant with reduced growth of the hippocampus, the densities normalized with time, presumably adapting to the needs of the surrounding nonvascular tissue. Irradiation decreased the number of neural stem and progenitor cells in the hippocampus. The relative loss increased with time, resulting in almost completely ablated neurogenesis (DCX(+) cells) 1 year after irradiation (77% decreased 1 week, 86% decreased 7 weeks, and 98% decreased 1 year after irradiation compared with controls). After irradiation, the distance between undifferentiated stem cells and microvessels was unaffected, and very few dying endothelial cells were detected. Taken together, these results indicate that the vasculature adjusts to the surrounding neural and glial tissue after irradiation, not vice-versa.Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism advance online publication, 13 March 2013; doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.34.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hill, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Microfluidic and Transducer Technologies for Lab on a Chip Applications
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781424441242 ; , s. 305-307
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Point-of-care diagnostic devices typically require six distinct qualities: they must deliver at least the same sensitivity and selectivity, and for a cost per assay no greater than that of today's central lab technologies, deliver results in a short period of time (<15 min at GP; <2h in hospital), be portable or at least small in scale, and require no or extremely little sample preparation. State-of-the-art devices deliver information of several markers in the same measurement.
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| 16. |
- Huo, Kaiming, et al.
(författare)
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Lithium reduced neural progenitor apoptosis in the hippocampus and ameliorated functional deficits after irradiation to the immature mouse brain.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Molecular and cellular neurosciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-9327 .- 1044-7431. ; 51:1-2, s. 32-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lithium was recently shown to inhibit apoptosis and promote survival of neural progenitor cells after hypoxia-ischemia in the immature rat brain. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of lithium on cell death and proliferation in the hippocampus after irradiation (IR) to the immature brain. Male mice were injected with 2 mmol/kg lithium chloride i.p. on postnatal day 9 (P9) and additional lithium injections, 1 mmol/kg, were administered at 24 h intervals for up to 7 days. BrdU was injected 4 h after lithium injections on P9 and P10. The left hemisphere received a single dose of 8 Gy (MV photons) on P11. The animals were euthanized 6 h or 7 weeks after IR. The number of BrdU-labeled cells in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the granule cell layer (GCL) 6h after IR was 24% higher in the lithium-treated mice. The number of proliferating, phospho-histone H3-positive cells in the SGZ 7 weeks after IR was 59% higher in the lithium group, so the effect was long-lasting. The number of apoptotic cells in the SGZ 6 h after IR was lower in the lithium group, as judged by 3 different parameters, pyknosis, staining for active caspase-3 and TUNEL. Newly formed cells (BrdU-labeled 1 or 2 days before IR) showed the greatest degree of protection, as judged by 50% fewer TUNEL-positive cells, whereas non-BrdU-labeled cells showed 38% fewer TUNEL-positive cells 6 h after IR. Consequently, the growth retardation of the GCL was less pronounced in the lithium group. The number and size of microglia in the DG were also lower in the lithium group, indicating reduced inflammation. Learning was facilitated after lithium treatment, as judged by improved context-dependent fear conditioning, and improved place learning, as judged by assessment in the IntelliCage platform. In summary, lithium administration could decrease IR-induced neural progenitor cell apoptosis in the GCL of the hippocampus and ameliorate learning impairments. It remains to be shown if lithium can be used to prevent the debilitating cognitive late effects seen in children treated with cranial radiotherapy.
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| 17. |
- Jakobsson, Niklas, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Are electric vehicles better suited for multi-car households?
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Electric Vehicle Congress Brussels, Belgium, 3rd - 5th December 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electric vehicles could reduce CO2 emissions from the transport sector but their limited electric driving range diminishes their utility to users. Two-car households could be better suited for EV adoption since one vehicle could be used for longer trips. However, the number of days requiring adaptation and the differences between the cars in a multi-car household have not been systematically analysed yet. Here, we estimate the probability of daily driving above a fixed threshold for Swedish and German car driving data. We find the vehicles from multi-car-households to require less adaptation and be better suited for EV adoption which we confirm with an economic analysis.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Kalm, Marie, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Loss of hippocampal neurogenesis, increased novelty-induced activity, decreased home cage activity, and impaired reversal learning one year after irradiation of the young mouse brain
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Experimental Neurology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4886 .- 1090-2430. ; 247, s. 402-409
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiotherapy is a major cause of long-term complications in survivors of pediatric brain tumors. These complications include intellectual and memory impairments as well as perturbed growth and puberty. We investigated the long-term effects of a single 8Gy irradiation dose to the brains of 14-day-old mice. Behavior was assessed one year after irradiation using IntelliCage and open field, followed by immunohistochemical investigation of proliferation and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. We found a 61% reduction in proliferation and survival (BrdU incorporation 4weeks prior to sacrifice), 99% decrease in neurogenesis (number of doublecortin-positive cells) and gliosis (12% higher astrocyte density) one year following irradiation. Irradiated animals displayed increased activity in a novel environment but decreased activity in their home cage. Place learning in the IntelliCage was unaffected by irradiation but reversal learning was impaired. Irradiated animals persevered in visiting previously correct corners to a higher extent compared to control animals. Hence, despite the virtual absence of neurogenesis in these old mice, spatial learning could take place. Reversal learning however, where a previous memory was replaced with a new one, was partly impaired. This model is useful to study the so called late effects of radiotherapy to the young brain and to evaluate possible interventions.
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| 21. |
- Karlsson, J. Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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On-Chip Liquid Degassing With Low Water Loss
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings Micro Total Analysis Systems (μTAS) 2010. - Groningen : CBMS. - 9780979806438 ; , s. 1790-1792
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel approach for actively degassing liquid and removing trapped air bubbles in microfluidic devices.In our approach, an integrated gas permeable membrane, consisting of a structurally supporting PDMS layer that is covered with a thin Teflon® AF 1600 film, separates the on-chip liquid from an on-chip low-vacuum chamber. Since the Teflon AF permeability is near zero for liquid water and low for vapour, air bubbles and dissolved air are removed through the membrane whilst the loss of water, ions and biomolecules in the system remains low. The system has been demonstrated at elevated temperatures and could be suitable for e.g. degassing during on-chip PCR.
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| 22. |
- Karlsson, Klas-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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"Läroboken och makten - ett nära förhållande
- 2011
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Ingår i: Att spegla världen. Läromedelsstudier i teori och praktik. - 9789144059204 ; , s. 43-61
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 23. |
- Karlsson, Lars O, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Cyclosporine A, 2.5 mg/kg, Does Not Reduce Myocardial Infarct Size in a Porcine Model of Ischemia and Reperfusion
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1940-4034 .- 1074-2484. ; 17:2, s. 159-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In recent years, cyclosporine A (CsA) has emerged as a promising therapy to limit myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury, presumably by inhibiting the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Results from different large animal models are conflicting, however, with failure to prove beneficial effects of 10 mg/kg CsA administered at reperfusion. Recently, a small clinical study using a bolus of 2.5 mg/kg CsA showed promising but not unequivocal results. The aim of the present study was to estimate the magnitude of a possible infarct reduction with the use of the latter regimen in a closed-chest porcine model for ischemia and reperfusion. Materials and METHODS: Pigs underwent catheterization with balloon occlusion of the left descending coronary artery for 40 minutes, followed by reperfusion for 4 hours. They were randomized to receive an intravenous bolus 7 minutes before reperfusion of either 2.5 mg/kg CsA (n = 12) or saline (control, n = 11). Hearts were stained to quantify area at risk and infarct size. RESULTS: Throughout the experiment, there were no differences between the groups in baseline characteristics or hemodynamic variables. CsA treatment did not reduce infarct size as a proportion of area at risk compared with control (51% +/- 6% and 54% +/- 6%, respectively, P = .75). CONCLUSION: In a closed-chest porcine model for myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury, 2.5 mg/kg CsA administered before reperfusion did not reduce infarct size.
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| 24. |
- Karlsson, Lars O, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Dose-dependent cardioprotection of enkephalin analogue Eribis peptide 94 and cardiac expression of opioid receptors in a porcine model of ischaemia and reperfusion
- 2012
-
Ingår i: European journal of pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0712 .- 0014-2999. ; 674:2-3, s. 378-383
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Opioids confer cardioprotection after myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of different doses of enkephalin analogue Eribis peptide 94 (EP 94) in a porcine model of ischaemia and reperfusion. A secondary aim was to analyse the impact of ischaemia and reperfusion on the expression of opioid receptor subtypes in the porcine heart. Thirty-four anesthetised pigs underwent 40 min of balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by four hours of reperfusion. Pigs were given either vehicle (0.9% NaCl) or one of four doses of EP 94 (0.2, 1, 5 or 25 ug/kg at each administration, respectively), intravenously after 26, 33 and 40 min of ischaemia. Hearts were stained to quantify area at risk and infarct size. mRNA and protein expressions of the opioid receptor subtypes were detected with RT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry in the control and ischaemic/reperfused areas. There was a significant dose-response relationship between higher doses of EP 94 and reduced infarct size. Expression of kappa- and delta-opioid receptors was detected at both mRNA and protein levels. In ischaemic/reperfused areas, an increased expression of mRNA for both receptors was observed, whereas only protein expression for the delta subtype was up-regulated. The mu-opioid receptor was not detected.
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| 25. |
- Karlsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Awarding a Community Membership Badge - Teachers’ Development of Digital Competences in a cMOOC
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science: 7th International Workshop on Social and Personal Computing for Web-Supported Learning Communities, SPeL 2014, 1st International Workshop on Peer-Review, Peer-Assessment, and Self-Assessment in Education, PRASAE 2014, 2014 International Workshop on Mobile and Personalized Learning, IWMPL 2014, 1st International Workshop on Open Badges in Education, OBIE 2014, 4th International Symposium on Knowledge Management & E-Learning, KMEL 2014 and Future of e-Textbooks W. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 0302-9743. - 9783319132952
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article the badge given in connection with a cMOOC designed by and for teachers is explored. Digitala skollyftet aimed to raise the digital competence amongst teachers in Swedish schools. The participants in Digitala skollyftet could apply to be awarded a badge for their participation. The awarding process, as well as the participation, of a small group of people who were awarded badges is analysed. Blog-posts were taken as evidence when applying for badges and blogging thereby became an important way to participate. Blogs can be regarded as exhibition spaces where the blogger exhibits and reflects on their learning process. Results show that there is a difference in how the blogs are designed, depending on the level of experience from the blogger. To a large extent, forums, such as Facebook and Twitter, are used as performance spaces, which facilitate the interaction and discussion with other participants.
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| 26. |
- Karlsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Awarding a Community Membership Badge - Teachers’ Development of Digital Competences in a cMOOC
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. ; 8699, s. 162-171
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article the badge given in connection with a cMOOC designed by and for teachers is explored. Digitala skollyftet aimed to raise the digital competence amongst teachers in Swedish schools. The participants in Digitala skollyftet could apply to be awarded a badge for their participation. The awarding process, as well as the participation, of a small group of people who were awarded badges is analysed. Blog-posts were taken as evidence when applying for badges and blogging thereby became an important way to participate. Blogs can be regarded as exhibition spaces where the blogger exhibits and reflects on their learning process. Results show that there is a difference in how the blogs are designed, depending on the level of experience from the blogger. To a large extent, forums, such as Facebook and Twitter, are used as performance spaces, which facilitate the interaction and discussion with other participants.
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| 27. |
- Karlsson, Niklas
(författare)
-
Behavior and cytogenesis following irradiation or isoflurane exposure to the developing brain
- 2010
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, the effects of an anesthetic agent, isoflurane, on the young brain and resulting behavioral effects were investigated. Anesthesia is commonly used in young children during surgery or other procedures associated with pain or discomfort. Animal studies have demonstrated serious effects on the brain from exposure to anesthesia and recent human studies have found indications of learning impairments following exposure to anesthesia. It is known from animal studies that anesthetic agents can affect proliferation as well as differentiation and can lead to learning impairments. In addition, the effects of irradiation on the young brain were investigated. Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in children and radiotherapy is commonly used to treat cancer (together with surgery and/or chemotherapy). During the last decades, improvements in treatment protocols have lead to more and more children surviving their cancers. This has however also resulted in more children experiencing long-term side effects, particularly resulting from radiotherapy. These side effects include impaired intelligence and memory as well as attention deficits. From animal models, it is known that irradiation cause cell death and a long term reduction in cell proliferation in the young brain that can result in impairment on some memory tasks. In these experiments, we have used one model of repeated isoflurane exposure and one model for radiotherapy. The animals’ behavior was investigated using the IntelliCage system, as well as other behavioral tests, followed by immunohistochemical analysis of the hippocampus. Isoflurane was found to cause a reduction in cell proliferation, accompanied by a reduction in neural stem cells. No evidence of cell death was seen, and the reason behind the reduction is therefore unknown. In addition, less neuronal differentiation was seen following isoflurane exposure, accompanied by an increase in astrocyte differentiation. These effects were especially clear when the young brain was exposed. Animals that were exposed to isoflurane at a young age later developed severe and progressive memory impairments. Following irradiation, a decrease in cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus was seen. The irradiated animals displayed learning and relearning deficits judged by the IntelliCage analysis, but neither open field nor trace fear conditioning tests could detect impairments. In summary, we found irradiation-induced changes in the hippocampus and saw changes in behavior, using the IntelliCage system, that were not detectable using other methods like open field and fear conditioning. We also found isoflurane-induced changes that suggest that the young brain is particularly sensitive to anesthetic agents like isoflurane and that isoflurane-anesthesia should be used with caution, especially in pediatric patients.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Karlsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Learning and activity after irradiation of the young mouse brain analyzed in adulthood using unbiased monitoring in a home cage environment.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Radiation research. - 1938-5404. ; 175:3, s. 336-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cranial radiotherapy during the treatment of pediatric malignancies may cause adverse late effects. It is important to find methods to assess the functional effects of ionizing radiation in animal models and to evaluate the possible ameliorating effects of preventive or reparative treatment strategies. We investigated the long-term effects of a single 8-Gy radiation dose to the brains of 14-day-old mice. Activity and learning were evaluated in adulthood using open field and trace fear conditioning (TFC). These established methods were compared with the novel IntelliCage platform, which enables unbiased analysis of both activity and learning over time in a home cage environment. Neither activity nor learning was changed after irradiation, as judged by the open field and TFC analyses. The IntelliCage, however, revealed both altered activity and learning impairment after irradiation. Place learning and reversal learning were both impaired in the IntelliCage 3 months after irradiation. These results indicate that activity and learning should be assessed using multiple methods and that unbiased analysis over time in a home cage environment may offer advantages in the detection of subtle radiation-induced effects on the young brain.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Karlsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Social bookmarking and tagging in a biology class
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Problem-Based Learning for the 21st Century. - Aalborg : Aalborg Universitetsforlag. - 9788771121292
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 32. |
- Karlsson, Niklas
(författare)
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The crossroads of academic electronic availability : how well does Google Scholar measure up against a university-based metadata system in 2014?
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Current Science. - 0011-3891. ; 107:10, s. 1661-1665
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electronic availability of information resources has increasingly become an important part of everyday vocation of academic libraries. This puts impetus on the libraries to know more about the way in which electronic information is being dispersed and handled. The present article aims to comparatively evaluate Uppsala University library's own metadata system Summon with the free, publicly available equivalent Google Scholar (GS). The evaluation is based on Peter Jacso's theories on database evaluation which puts focus on Summon and GS via the use and application of ten different criteria. The uses of precision and relevance criteria were also implemented as additional evaluation tools. The results indicate that at present GS has to be seen as a necessary complement in retrieving electronic information due to the fact that Summon is not yet fully functioning on all levels and that GS has a wider intake of information sources. The use of web-based academic search tools is now vital. Will the open access movement evolve with Google as the main actor and take over the scene leaving costly databases and search tools behind? This article deals with the economic implications of comparing the practical functions of a costly in-house information system with a public equivalent. It reveals the complex situation that a world-class university is in as regards to information resources and the digitization and economic issues that follow.
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| 33. |
- Kirchhoff, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Breast cancer risk and 6q22.33 : combined results from Breast Cancer Association Consortium and Consortium of Investigators on Modifiers of BRCA1/2
- 2012
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public library of science. - 1932-6203. ; 7:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, a locus on chromosome 6q22.33 (rs2180341) was reported to be associated with increased breast cancer risk in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population, and this association was also observed in populations of non-AJ European ancestry. In the present study, we performed a large replication analysis of rs2180341 using data from 31,428 invasive breast cancer cases and 34,700 controls collected from 25 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). In addition, we evaluated whether rs2180341 modifies breast cancer risk in 3,361 BRCA1 and 2,020 BRCA2 carriers from 11 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Based on the BCAC data from women of European ancestry, we found evidence for a weak association with breast cancer risk for rs2180341 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06, p = 0.023). There was evidence for heterogeneity in the ORs among studies (I(2) = 49.3%; p = <0.004). In CIMBA, we observed an inverse association with the minor allele of rs2180341 and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele OR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.80-1.00, p = 0.048), indicating a potential protective effect of this allele. These data suggest that that 6q22.33 confers a weak effect on breast cancer risk.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Larsson, Pia, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Histone deacetylase inhibitors stimulate tissue-type plasminogen activator production in vascular endothelial cells.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-742X .- 0929-5305. ; 35:2, s. 185-92
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A reduced capacity for acute tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) release is likely to be associated with an impaired endogenous defense against intravascular thrombosis. Efficient approaches to pharmacologically restore a defective t-PA release have been lacking, but recent observations suggest that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) enhance t-PA production in vitro. HDACis have diverse chemical structures and different HDAC-enzyme sub-class targeting. We here compared the effects of several clinically used HDACis on t-PA production in endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to a panel of 11 different HDACis and t-PA mRNA and protein levels were quantified. All HDACis dose-dependently stimulated t-PA mRNA and protein expression with similar maximal efficacy but with different potencies. Already at low concentrations, the majority of inhibitors caused significant and sustained effects on t-PA production. In addition, selected HDACis were capable of normalizing t-PA production when suppressed by the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. We conclude that HDACis targeting classical HDAC enzymes are powerful inducers of t-PA expression in cultured endothelial cells and could be promising candidates for pharmacological modulation of endogenous fibrinolysis in man.
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| 37. |
- Larsson, Pia, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Role of histone acetylation in the stimulatory effect of valproic acid on vascular endothelial tissue-type plasminogen activator expression
- 2012
-
Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Stimulated release of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is pivotal for an intravascular fibrinolytic response and protects the circulation from occluding thrombosis. Hence, an impaired t-PA production is associated with increased risk for atherothrombotic events. A pharmacological means to stimulate the production of this enzyme may thus be desirable. We investigated if the anti-epileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) is capable of enhancing t-PA expression in vitro in vascular endothelial cells, and further examined if its histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibitory activity is of importance for regulating t-PA expression. METHODS AND RESULTS: Human endothelial cells were exposed to valproic acid and t-PA mRNA and protein levels were quantified. Potential changes in histone acetylation status globally and at the t-PA promoter were examined by western blot and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Valproic acid dose-dependently stimulated t-PA mRNA and protein expression in endothelial cells reaching a 2-4-fold increase at clinically relevant concentrations and 10-fold increase at maximal concentrations. Transcription profiling analysis revealed that t-PA is selectively targeted by this agent. Augmented histone acetylation was detected at the t-PA transcription start site, and an attenuated VPA-response was observed with siRNA knock of HDAC3, HDAC5 and HDAC7. CONCLUSIONS: Valproic acid induces t-PA expression in cultured endothelial cells, and this is associated with increased histone acetylation at the t-PA promoter. Given the apparent potency of valproic acid in stimulating t-PA expression in vitro this substance may be a candidate for pharmacological modulation of endogenous fibrinolysis in man.
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| 38. |
- Maxwell, Christopher A., et al.
(författare)
-
Interplay between BRCA1 and RHAMM Regulates Epithelial Apicobasal Polarization and May Influence Risk of Breast Cancer
- 2011
-
Ingår i: PLoS Biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1545-7885 .- 1544-9173. ; 9:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differentiated mammary epithelium shows apicobasal polarity, and loss of tissue organization is an early hallmark of breast carcinogenesis. In BRCA1 mutation carriers, accumulation of stem and progenitor cells in normal breast tissue and increased risk of developing tumors of basal-like type suggest that BRCA1 regulates stem/progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the function of BRCA1 in this process and its link to carcinogenesis remain unknown. Here we depict a molecular mechanism involving BRCA1 and RHAMM that regulates apicobasal polarity and, when perturbed, may increase risk of breast cancer. Starting from complementary genetic analyses across families and populations, we identified common genetic variation at the low-penetrance susceptibility HMMR locus (encoding for RHAMM) that modifies breast cancer risk among BRCA1, but probably not BRCA2, mutation carriers: n = 7,584, weighted hazard ratio ((w)HR) = 1.09 (95% CI 1.02-1.16), p(trend) = 0.017; and n = 3,965, (w)HR = 1.04 (95% CI 0.94-1.16), p(trend) = 0.43; respectively. Subsequently, studies of MCF10A apicobasal polarization revealed a central role for BRCA1 and RHAMM, together with AURKA and TPX2, in essential reorganization of microtubules. Mechanistically, reorganization is facilitated by BRCA1 and impaired by AURKA, which is regulated by negative feedback involving RHAMM and TPX2. Taken together, our data provide fundamental insight into apicobasal polarization through BRCA1 function, which may explain the expanded cell subsets and characteristic tumor type accompanying BRCA1 mutation, while also linking this process to sporadic breast cancer through perturbation of HMMR/RHAMM.
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| 39. |
- Nilsson-Helander, Katarina, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Acute achilles tendon rupture: a randomized, controlled study comparing surgical and nonsurgical treatments using validated outcome measures
- 2010
-
Ingår i: The American Journal of Sports Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0363-5465 .- 1552-3365. ; 38:11, s. 2186-2193
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is no consensus regarding the optimal treatment for patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture. Few randomized controlled studies have compared outcomes after surgical or nonsurgical treatment with both groups receiving early mobilization. PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to compare outcomes of patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture treated with or without surgery using early mobilization and identical rehabilitation protocols. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS: Ninety-seven patients (79 men, 18 women; mean age, 41 years) with acute Achilles tendon rupture were treated and followed for 1 year. The primary end point was rerupturing. Patients were evaluated using the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), functional tests, and clinical examination at 6 and 12 months after injury. RESULTS: There were 6 (12%) reruptures in the nonsurgical group and 2 (4%) in the surgical group (P = .377). The mean 6- and 12-month ATRS were 72 and 88 points in the surgical group and 71 and 86 points in the nonsurgical group, respectively. Improvements in ATRS between 6 and 12 months were significant for both groups, with no significant between-group differences. At the 6-month evaluation, the surgical group had better results compared with the nonsurgically treated group in some of the muscle function tests; however, at the 12-month evaluation there were no differences between the 2 groups except for the heel-rise work test in favor of the surgical group. At the 12-month follow-up, the level of function of the injured leg remained significantly lower than that of the uninjured leg in both groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study did not demonstrate any statistically significant difference between surgical and nonsurgical treatment. Furthermore, the study suggests that early mobilization is beneficial for patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture whether they are treated surgically or nonsurgically. The preferred treatment strategy for patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture remains a subject of debate. Although the study met the sample size dictated by the authors' a priori power calculation, the difference in the rerupture rate might be considered clinically important by some.
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| 40. |
- Nilsson-Helander, Katarina, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Individualiserad behandling viktig vid akut hälseneruptur. : Individualized treatment important in acute Achilles tendon ruptures
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 111:34-35
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- An acute Achilles tendon rupture is a common sports-related injury in middle-aged men. The diagnosis is always clinical and it is very important that the diagnosis is not missed or delayed. The time period for tendon healing and rehabilitation is long and commonly results in functional deficits. Only half of the patients return to the preinjury lev-el of physical activity. There is no consensus in terms of the optimal treatment for patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture. Both surgical and non-surgical treatment with modern rehabilitation protocols are valid alternatives in the clinical day-by-day work. There is a need for future studies to optimize the treatment and identify predictors in order to individualize the optimal treatment.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Nilsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
A 9-band WCDMA/EDGE transceiver supporting HSPA evolution
- 2011
-
Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. - 0193-6530. ; , s. 366-368
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The future of cellular radio ICs lies in the integration of an ever-increasing number of bands and channel bandwidths. This paper presents a transceiver together with the associated discrete front-end components. The transceiver supports 4 EDGE bands and 9 WCDMA bands (l-VI and Vlll-X), while the radio can be configured to simultaneously support the 4 EDGE bands and up to 5 WCDMA bands: 3 high bands (HB) and 2 low bands (LB). The RX is a SAW-less homodyne composed of a main RX and a diversity RX. To reduce package complexity with so many bands, we chose to minimize the number of ports by using single-ended RF interfaces for both RX and TX. This saves seve ral package pins, but requires careful attention to grounding. The main RX has 8 LNA ports and the diversity RX has 5, with some LNAs supporting multiple bands. On the TX side, 2 ports are used for all EDGE bands and 4 for the WCDMA bands.
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| 43. |
- Olsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Ability to perform a single heel-rise is significantly related to patient-reported outcome after Achilles tendon rupture.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 24:1, s. 152-158
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated the short-term recovery of function after an acute Achilles tendon rupture, measured by a single-legged heel-rise test, with main emphasis on the relation to the patient-reported outcomes and fear of physical activity and movement (kinesiophobia). Eighty-one patients treated surgically or non-surgically with early active rehabilitation after Achilles tendon rupture were included in the study. Patient's ability to perform a single-legged heel-rise, physical activity level, patient-reported symptoms, general health, and kinesiophobia was evaluated 12 weeks after the injury. The heel-rise test showed that 40 out of 81 (49%) patients were unable to perform a single heel-rise 12 weeks after the injury. We found that patients who were able to perform a heel-rise were significantly younger, more often of male gender, reported a lesser degree of symptoms, and also had a higher degree of physical activity at 12 weeks. There was also a significant negative correlation between kinesiophobia and all the patient-reported outcomes and the physical activity level. The heel-rise ability appears to be an important early achievement and reflects the general level of healing, which influences patient-reported outcome and physical activity. Future treatment protocols focusing on regaining strength early after the injury therefore seem to be of great importance. Kinesiophobia needs to be addressed early during the rehabilitation process.
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| 44. |
- Olsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Major functional deficits persist 2years after acute Achilles tendon rupture.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-7347. ; 19:8, s. 1385-93
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this prospective randomized controlled study was to evaluate the long-term results after an acute Achilles tendon rupture in patients treated surgically or non-surgically. The focus was to evaluate whether any improvements occurred between the one and 2-year evaluation.
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| 45. |
- Olsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Predictors of Clinical Outcome After Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: The American journal of sports medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3365 .- 0363-5465. ; 42:6, s. 1448-1455
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:In patients with an acute Achilles tendon rupture, it has not been possible to determine the superiority of a single specific treatment modality over other treatments with respect to symptoms and function. When several pertinent treatment protocols are available for an injury, it is of interest to understand how other variables, such as age, sex, or physical activity level, affect outcome to better individualize the treatment. PURPOSE:To investigate predictors of both symptomatic and functional outcomes after an acute Achilles tendon rupture. STUDY DESIGN:Cohort study (Prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. METHODS:Ninety-three patients (79 men and 14 women; mean age, 40 years) were evaluated prospectively at 3, 6, and 12 months. The main outcome measures in this study were the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) for symptoms and maximum heel-rise height for function. The independent variables evaluated as possible predictors of outcome included treatment, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity level, symptoms, and quality of life. RESULTS:Treatment, age, BMI, physical activity level, heel-rise height at 6 months, and the ATRS at 3 months were eligible for further analysis. Only male sex was included for the prediction models. The 4 different multiple linear regression models (predicting the ATRS at 6 and 12 months and heel-rise height at 6 and 12 months) were significant (P < .001-.002), and the R(2) values for the models were 0.222 to 0.409. Surgical or nonsurgical treatment is a moderate predictor of symptoms and a weak predictor of heel-rise height after an acute Achilles tendon rupture. At the 6-month follow-up, surgical treatment was associated with a larger heel-rise height, but the opposite was seen at 12 months. Surgical treatment resulted in a lower degree of symptoms. Increasing age was a strong predictor of reduced heel-rise height, and an increase in age of 10 years reduced the expected heel-rise height by approximately 8%. A higher BMI was also a strong predictor of a greater degree of symptoms, and a 5-unit higher BMI predicted a reduction of approximately 10 points in the ATRS. CONCLUSION:The present study identified important possible predictors of outcome. Despite having a wide range of clinically relevant variables, the models had a limited ability to predict the final individual outcome. In general, the models appear to be better at predicting function than symptoms.
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| 46. |
- Olsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Stable Surgical Repair With Accelerated Rehabilitation Versus Nonsurgical Treatment for Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures: A Randomized Controlled Study.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: The American journal of sports medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3365 .- 0363-5465. ; 41:12, s. 2867-2876
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:The optimal treatment for acute Achilles tendon ruptures is still a subject of debate. Early loading of the tendon is a factor that has been shown to be beneficial to recovery and to minimize complications. The main outcome of previous studies has been complications such as reruptures and deep infections, without focusing on the functional outcome relevant to the majority of patients who do not experience these complications. PURPOSE:To evaluate whether stable surgical repair and early loading of the tendon could improve patient-reported outcome and function after an acute Achilles tendon rupture. STUDY DESIGN:Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS:A total of 100 patients (86 men, 14 women; mean age, 40 years) with an acute total Achilles tendon rupture were randomized to either surgical treatment, including an accelerated rehabilitation protocol, or nonsurgical treatment. The primary outcome was the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS). The patients were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months for symptoms, physical activity level, and function. RESULTS:There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of symptoms, physical activity level, or quality of life. There was a trend toward improved function in surgically treated patients; the results were significantly superior when assessed by the drop countermovement jump (95% CI, 0.03-0.15; P = .003) and hopping (95% CI, 0.01-0.33; P = .040). No reruptures occurred in the surgical group, while there were 5 in the nonsurgical group (P = .06). There were 6 superficial infections in the surgically treated group; however, these superficial infections had no bearing on the final outcome. Symptoms, reduced quality of life, and functional deficits still existed 12 months after injury on the injured side in both groups. CONCLUSION:The results of the present study demonstrate that stable surgical repair with accelerated tendon loading could be performed in all (n = 49) patients without reruptures and major soft tissue-related complications. However, this treatment was not significantly superior to nonsurgical treatment in terms of functional results, physical activity, or quality of life.
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| 47. |
- Plötz, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
-
On the distribution of individual daily vehicle driving distances
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Electric Vehicle Congress Brussels, Belgium, 3rd - 5th December 2014.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT) by individual passenger cars vary strongly between days. This is important for electric vehicles since trips larger than the electric range reduce their utility. Here we analyse different distribution functions for the variation in daily VKT with three sets of travel data. In contrast to the literature, no analysed distribution stands out best. We apply our findings for the distribution functions to estimate the number of days per year with driving distance larger than 100 km and find that the distributions differ in their predictions of the number of such days.
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| 48. |
- Pokrupa, Nils, et al.
(författare)
-
One Year of In-Flight Results from the Prisma Formation Flying Demonstration Mission
- 2011
-
Ingår i: 25th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Prisma smallsat in-orbit test-bed was launched on the 15th of June, 2010 to demonstrate strategies and technologies for formation flying and rendezvous. The mission consists of two spacecraft: Mango and Tango. Mango is 3-axis stabilized and is equipped with a propulsion system providing full 3D orbit control capability. Tango has a simplified solar magnetic control system and does not have any orbit control capability. The two spacecraft were launched clamped together into a 720/780 km altitude sun synchronous dawn-dusk orbit, and later separated in August of 2010. Since then, the two spacecraft, and rather lean operations team, have been performing a steady march through a tight mission and experiment timeline. This paper gives an overview of the Prisma mission in general and will focus on the lessons that have been learned from running a relatively intense, yet lean, small satellite technology demonstration mission. It has proven to show the value of autonomy and small platform applications, allowing for a high return on effort. Spacecraft autonomy and small, highly competent teams have allowed for quick and cost effective adaptations to changes and problem situations. The broad range of flight results from only one year in operation support these conclusions.
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| 49. |
- Portelius, Erik, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring Alzheimer molecular pathology in Down's syndrome cerebrospinal fluid.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Neuro-degenerative diseases. - : S. Karger AG. - 1660-2862 .- 1660-2854. ; 14:2, s. 98-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individuals with Down's syndrome (DS) develop early Alzheimer's disease (AD) with β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque pathology. The extra amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene copy in DS is believed to result in a 50% increase in Aβ production, but it is unclear how this relates to the development of other AD hallmarks, including axonal degeneration and microglia cell activation, and to other neurological problems in DS, including disturbed sleep regulation.
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- Sandström, Niklas, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Lab-on-a-chip microsystems for point-of-care diagnostics
- 2010
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Ingår i: 1st International scientific conference on Microfluidics in bioanalytical research and diagnostics. ; , s. 34-35
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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