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| 2. |
- Axelsson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of resin acids during production of wood pellets-a comparison of HPLC/ESI-MS with the GC/FID MDHS 83/2 method
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Monitoring. - Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1464-0325 .- 1464-0333. ; 13:10, s. 2940-2945
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resin acids are constituents of natural and technical products of widespread use. Exposure is known to cause health effects in the airways and on the skin. Liquid chromatography/positive ion electrospray-mass spectrometry (HPLC/pos ESI-MS) was investigated for determination of 7-oxodehydroabietic (7-OXO), dehydroabietic (DHAA) and abietic acid (AA) in wood dust-containing air samples as a derivatisation-free alternative to the GC/FID HSE method 83/2, developed by the Health and Safety Executive UK. The resin acid 7-OXO was measured as a marker for oxidised resin acids, which are known to be the main contact allergens in colophonium. The found detection limits were 0.42 ng m(-3) for 7-OXO, 5.2 ng m(-3) for DHAA and 9.4 ng m(-3) for AA, respectively, which are considerably lower than with the GC/FID method (24, 115 and 89 ng m(-3)). The two methods correlated well, although consistently and significantly lower concentrations of 7-OXO were detected with LC/MS. The higher concentration of this compound with MDHS 83/2 is suggested to be an artefact from the derivatisation step in the presence of soluble wood dust remains.
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| 3. |
- Bengtsson Ryan, Anna
(författare)
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Kollektiva uppror som medlemsaktivism och facklig förnyelse?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 1400-9692 .- 2002-343X. ; 27:3, s. 6-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I artikeln studeras två kollektiva uppror bland barnmorskor och socionomer. Utgångspunkterna tas i tidigare forskning om nya former för mobilisering bland välfärdsprofessionella yrkesgrupper och forskning om medlemsaktivism som strategi för facklig förnyelse. Genom en jämförande intervjustudie med nyckelinformanter i upproren analyseras både skälen till mobilisering och relationerna till respektive fackförbund. Slutsatserna är att upproren kan ses som en form av medlemsaktivism med syfte att förändra både fackens arbetssätt och politiska prioriteringar. Fackförbunden stödjer upproren på likartade sätt men relationerna bär på en rad spänningar som belyser de komplexa förutsättningarna för facklig förnyelse i offentlig sektor.
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| 4. |
- Engström, Jon
(författare)
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Patient involvement and service innovation in healthcare
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis adds to a stream of research suggesting that healthcare can be more patient centered and efficient by redefining the role of the patient from a passive receiver to a more active and collaborative participant. This may relate to healthcare provision (Anderson and Funnell, 2005; Berry and Bendapudi, 2007; Bitner and Brown, 2008; McColl-Kennedy et al., 2012; Nordgren, 2008) and innovation (Bate and Robert, 2006; Groene et al., 2009; Longtin et al., 2010). Through research initiative containing four healthcare units and 68 patients, the present thesis combines healthcare research (e.g., Anderson and Funnell, 2005; Nelson et al., 2002) with service research (e.g., Grönroos, 2006; Vargo and Lusch, 2008, 2004) to explore three aspects of patient involvement and service innovation.Firstly, the concept of patient involvement itself is investigated through an extensive literature review of empirical research on patient involvement. A model describing the antecedents, forms and consequences of patient involvement is proposed. What value is, and how patients can co-create value is discussed from the perspectives of healthcare research and service management thought.Secondly, the thesis proposes a diary-based methodology for involving patients in service innovation. My colleagues and I developed the methodology in collaboration with the participating care providers and applied it in practice. We used the experiences we gained from the project and the contributions from the patients to examine the opportunities for user involvement in service innovation. The participants contributed with ideas and insights stemming from their experiences in their contact with healthcare and other resources. We suggest the following three ways of learning from the collected data: As ideas for improvements; through summary reports to illustrate other quantitative data; and as narratives to promote change.Thirdly, the thesis explores patients’ motivations to participate in service innovation, a hitherto unexplored field. Through an analysis of patients’ contributions and interviews with participants we found that there are a number of factors that motivate patients to participate and that participation is perceived as a social- and meaningladen event. Patients derive psychological well-being and support from participation, but disease was sometimes a barrier to participation. This thesis elaborates on how the most motivated users can be involved in service innovation, applying thinking from the lead-user methodology to a healthcare setting.Overall, the thesis explores patient involvement from new perspectives and, by doing so, adds to our collective efforts to improve healthcare.
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| 6. |
- Huisman, Elise S., et al.
(författare)
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Regional molecular and cellular differences in the female rabbit Achilles tendon complex : potential implications for understanding responses to loading
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Anatomy. - : Wiley. - 0021-8782 .- 1469-7580. ; 224:5, s. 538-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was: (i) to analyze the morphology and expression of extracellular matrix genes in six different regions of the Achilles tendon complex of intact normal rabbits; and (ii) to assess the effect of ovariohysterectomy (OVH) on the regional expression of these genes. Female New Zealand White rabbits were separated into two groups: (i) intact normal rabbits (n = 4); and (ii) OVH rabbits (n = 8). For each rabbit, the Achilles tendon complex was dissected into six regions: distal gastrocnemius (DG); distal flexor digitorum superficialis; proximal lateral gastrocnemius (PLG); proximal medial gastrocnemius; proximal flexor digitorum superficialis; and paratenon. For each of the regions, hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for histological evaluation of intact normal rabbit tissues and mRNA levels for proteoglycans, collagens and genes associated with collagen regulation were assessed by real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction for both the intact normal and OVH rabbit tissues. The distal regions displayed a more fibrocartilaginous phenotype. For intact normal rabbits, aggrecan mRNA expression was higher in the distal regions of the Achilles tendon complex compared with the proximal regions. Collagen Type I and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression levels were increased in the PLG compared to the DG in the intact normal rabbit tissues. The tendons from OVH rabbits had lower gene expressions for the proteoglycans aggrecan, biglycan, decorin and versican compared with the intact normal rabbits, although the regional differences of increased aggrecan expression in distal regions compared with proximal regions persisted. The tensile and compressive forces experienced in the examined regions may be related to the regional differences found in gene expression. The lower mRNA expression of the genes examined in the OVH group confirms a potential effect of systemic estrogen on tendon.
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| 7. |
- Huisman, Ingmar Harald
(författare)
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Crossflow Microfiltration of particle Suspensions - The influence of hydrodynamics and physico-chemical interactions
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Crossflow microfiltration is a technique to separate suspended particles (or cells or droplets) from liquids by use of a membrane that is permeable for the liquid but impermeable for the particles. The permeate flow drives particles to the membrane surface, where they may be deposited and form a fouling layer. To limit the growth of this fouling layer a flow is applied tangentially to the membrane (crossflow). This crossflow causes particle transport away from the membrane surface and prevents the particles from depositing on the membrane. Other factors, such as the particle charge or the membrane charge may also influence the particle transport near the membrane surface, and in that way influence the fouling behaviour. It was investigated which mechanisms are important for the particle transport in crossflow microfil- tration. Important mechanisms, such as Brownian diffusion, shear-induced diffusion, turbulent diffusion, and particle-particle interactions, were described in detail, and based on these mechanisms models were developed to calculate the permeate flux. Model predictions were compared with experimental fluxes for the microfiltration of silica particle suspensions, obtained at well defined hydrodynamic and physico-chemical conditions, and a good agreement was observed. It was found that shear-induced diffusion was the main mechanism of particle transport governing the flux in the crossflow microfiltration of particle suspensions, but particle charges can increase fluxes considerably. Not only the amount of fouling, but also the reversibility of fouling depends on hydrodynamic and physico-chemical parameters. Cake layers formed of stronger repelling particles showed increased reversibility. A novel method was developed to determine electri- cal properties of membrane surfaces, based on water flux measurements at various pH and salt concentration, combined with the theory of the electroviscous effect. This method was found to be an effective means of characterising membranes. However, it was found that the electrical proper- ties of the membranes do not have a significant influence on the permeate flux in the filtration of micron-sized particle suspensions.
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| 12. |
- Kim, Jongsik, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of lignin, pectins and hemicelluloses in tension wood fibers of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
- 2019
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Ingår i: IAWA Journal. - : Brill. - 0928-1541 .- 2294-1932. ; 40, s. 741-764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although there is considerable information on the chemistry of gelatinous (G) layers in tension wood (TW) fibers consisting of S-1+S-2+G cell wall structure (poplar), little is known on the chemistry of G-layers in TW fibers organized with S-1+G structure. This study investigated the distribution of lignin and noncellulosic polysaccharides in ash TW fibers (S-1+G) using histochemistry and immunolocalization methods. TW fibers studied were fully developed (mature fibers) and obtained from two (TW-1, TW-2) mature European ash trees (Fraxinus excelsior L.). Based on differences in microfibril angle (MFA) and TW trees used, TW fibers were mainly classified into three types; 1) Type-1 fibers with MFA almost parallel to the fiber axis that were found in TW-1, 2) Type-2 fibers with 12 degrees MFA that were abundant at the end of growth rings of TW-1 and 3) Type-3 fibers with 10 degrees MFA that were found in TW-2. The S-3 layer was absent in all TW fibers. In this study, the secondary cell wall structure of Type-1 and Type-2/Type-3 fibers were defined as G and GL (gelatinous-like) layers, respec-tively. Lignin with syringyl (S) units was detected in G/GL-layers, in which intensity and patterns of lignin staining likely related to the difference in MFA between G- and GL-layers. With hemicelluloses, heteroxylan and heteromannan epitopes were detected in G/GL-layers but these were much less abundant than those in S-2 layers of normal wood (NW) fibers. Like lignin, distribution patterns of heteromannan epitopes in G/GL-layers likely related to differences in MFA between fiber types. Sparse xyloglucan epitopes were also detected in G/GL-layers. Homogalacturonan epitopes were absent in G/GL-layers. All fiber types showed abundant a-1,5-arabinan epitopes in G/GL-layers. Overall results indicate that the chemistry of ash TW fibers studied differs significantly from that of other species reported previously, specifically TW fibers composed of S-1+S-2+G structure.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Kimby, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Two courses of four weekly infusions of rituximab with or without interferon-α2a : final results from a randomized phase III study in symptomatic indolent B-cell lymphomas
- 2015
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Ingår i: Leukemia and Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 56:9, s. 2598-2607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with advanced CD20 + indolent lymphoma, requiring therapy, were randomized to rituximab (four weekly infusions of 375 mg/m(2)) or to rituximab combined with 5 weeks of interferon-α2a (IFN-α2a) (3-4.5 MIU daily) as priming. Responding patients were eligible for a second cycle with the same allocated treatment. In total, 156 patients were randomized to rituximab and 157 to rituximab + IFN-α2a. In the intention-to treat (ITT) population, 244 patients (78%) responded to cycle 1. After a second cycle the complete remission/complete remission unconfirmed (CR/CRu) rate was 41% with the combination versus 24% with monotherapy (p = 0.005). The median time to treatment failure (primary endpoint) in ITT patients was 28 vs. 21.5 months, respectively (p = 0.302). After a long median follow-up (61 months), 33% (42% of patients responding to cycle 1) were still failure-free with an overall survival rate of 88% and with no difference between the treatment groups. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01609010.
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| 15. |
- Laskar, Partha, et al.
(författare)
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Advances in Intracellular and On-Surface Polymerization in Living Cells : Implications for Nanobiomedicines
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced NanoBiomed Research. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 2699-9307. ; 3:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cellular environment offers some unique features to carry out polymerizations under controlled conditions. Polymerization of monomers in cellular compartments and on the surface of living organisms holds much promise in the engineering of biofunctional synthetic polymers for sensing and probing cell behavior and of late has received significant interest. This effort lies at the interface of synthetic biology and polymer chemistry and can pave the way for innovative solutions to many existing challenges in healthcare, environment, energy, and the study of the "origin of life". Herein, recent advances in controlled polymerization strategies for intracellular and surface of living cells are presented with a particular emphasis on nanobiomedicines. Furthermore, polymerization strategies, cytocompatible monomer structures, compatible cell lines and microorganisms, nature of stimulus, catalysts, along with specific polymerization conditions to produce non-natural biofunctional polymers that can undergo polymerization-induced self-assembly within and onto the living cells are presented in detail. Furthermore, the review offers a window into the future of such novel emerging synthetic bionano systems in biomedical sciences.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Salzmann-Erikson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A narrative meta-synthesis of how people with schizophrenia experience facilitators and barriers in using antipsychotic medication : implications for healthcare professionals
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 85, s. 7-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: It is recognized that people who are diagnosed with schizophrenia often do not fully adhere with their antipsychotic prescription. The vast majority of previous research on the topic of medical adherence is limited to quantitative research methods, and in particular, to determining correlations.OBJECTIVES: The present review was designed to describe how people who are diagnosed with schizophrenia experience and narrate pharmacological treatment with antipsychotic medication.DESIGN: A narrative meta-synthesis.DATA SOURCES/REVIEW METHOD: A search was conducted in three databases, PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO, to identify qualitative original research. Nine articles met the criteria for inclusion and were subjected to a qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis.RESULTS: The findings showed that patients were uninformed about medication but valued talks about medication with professionals. The findings also demonstrated that patients are motivated to take medication in order to gain stability in their life and to be able to participate in life activities and in relationships. Good support, both from relatives and professionals, also motivates them to continue taking medication. The obstacles were side-effects, pressure and compulsion, and rigid organizations.CONCLUSIONS: We advise professionals to adopt a person-centered approach to healthcare when encountering these patients and to transform the language used to describe patients from terms denoting compliance and adherence to terms denoting cooperation and alliance. Labeling patients as compliant or non-adherent may risk fortifying preconception of patients as static beings and obscure the patients' individual recovery process.
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| 18. |
- Svensson-Höglund, Sahra, et al.
(författare)
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A Multilevel Circular Economy Repair Society Model: Understanding system-wide implications of normalized product repair from the perspective of the Product User
- 2023
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS 5th PLATE Conference. - 9789526413679 ; , s. 1041-1050
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Initiatives to upscale repair activities are becoming increasingly common, with the latestbeing the EU commission’s proposal to strengthen consumers’ right to repair. However, theseinitiatives are not viewed comprehensively, particularly not for how they impact the product user’sexperience of the repair process, and what type of repair conditions would emerge once fullyimplemented. This gap exists despite the fundamental need to improve the product user's experienceof repair to normalize repair. Repair upscale initiatives must be understood from the perspective of awider repair system.In this paper, we introduce a multilevel system model as a tool for capturing the wider repair systemfor how it impacts the product user; the experience of normalized repair is conceptualized asconsisting of various transaction costs, risks and benefits - both in terms of finite resourceexpenditures, emotional and cognitive responses - what matters for the experience to beoverarchingly positive. A two-fold modeling approach is employed; first, we look at the repair systemsfrom a strict resource management perspective (i.e., material, physical flows in the repair process) -the objective reality. Then, on top of this perspective, the “product user experience” of these repairflows is added, capturing the subjective experience and how the solutions to bringing the desiredrepair flows about can create vastly different conditions for product users.This model allows for systematic discerning and capturing of the comprehensive implications of highersystem level processes for the individual product user.
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| 19. |
- Tapper, Michael
(författare)
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Mizoguchi och friheten
- 2000
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Ingår i: Filmhäftet. - 0345-3057. ; :4, s. 48-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Analys av Kenji Mizoguchis berättarteknik och filmstil
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Vidarsson, Arnar M., et al.
(författare)
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Improvement of channel-carrier mobility in 4H-SiC MOSFETs correlated with passivation of very fast interface traps using sodium enhanced oxidation
- 2023
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Ingår i: AIP Advances. - : AIP Publishing. - 2158-3226. ; 13:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Very fast interface traps have recently been suggested to be the main cause behind the rather poor inversion channel mobility in nitrided SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect-transistors (MOSFETs). Using capacitance voltage analysis and conductance spectroscopy on metal oxide semiconductor capacitors, at cryogenic temperatures, we find that these fast traps are absent in oxides made by sodium enhanced oxidation, and high inversion channel-carrier mobility in MOSFETs made by sodium enhanced oxidation is observed.
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| 22. |
- Vidarsson, Arnar M., et al.
(författare)
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Observations of very fast electron traps at SiC/high-κ dielectric interfaces
- 2023
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Ingår i: APL Materials. - : AIP Publishing. - 2166-532X. ; 11:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Very fast interface traps have recently been suggested to be the main cause behind poor channel-carrier mobility in SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors. It has been hypothesized that the NI traps are defects located inside the SiO2 dielectric with energy levels close to the SiC conduction band edge and the observed conductance spectroscopy signal is a result of electron tunneling to and from these defects. Using aluminum nitride and aluminum oxide as gate dielectrics instead of SiO2, we detect NI traps at these SiC/dielectric interfaces as well. A detailed investigation of the NI trap density and behavior as a function of temperature is presented and discussed. Advanced scanning transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron energy loss spectroscopy reveals no SiO2 at the interfaces. This strongly suggests that the NI traps are related to the surface region of the SiC rather than being a property of the gate dielectric.
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