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- Kjellman, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Depression
- 2008
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Ingår i: FYSS 2008 - Fysisk aktivitet i sjukdomsprevention och sjukdomsbehandling. - : Statens folhälsoinstitut. - 9789172575431 ; , s. 281-291
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fysisk aktivitet har positiv effekt vid depression både för att förhindra depressionsepisoder och för att behandla sådana, såväl akut som på längre sikt. Den fysiska träningen sker med fördel parallellt med sedvanlig behandling med mediciner och samtal. Även om många studier har metodologiska brister och att det fortfarande finns få långtidsstudier, har fysisk träning vid lätt och måttlig depression klart vetenskapligt stöd när det gäller akut behandling och som ett medel att minska risken för återfall. En preventiv effekt har konstaterats vid epidemiologiska studier och vid långtidsstudier med uppföljning upp till tio år. Övriga hälsoeffekter av fysisk aktivitet är också viktiga, då depression ofta samvarierar med kroppsliga sjukdomar. Fysisk aktivitet är en stor vinst, både för den enskilda och för samhället.
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- Leiding, Thom, et al.
(författare)
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Precise detection of pH inside large unilamellar vesicles using membrane-impermeable dendritic porphyrin-based nanoprobes.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Analytical Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0309 .- 0003-2697. ; 388, s. 296-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate real-time measurements of proton concentration gradients are pivotal to mechanistic studies of proton translocation by membrane-bound enzymes. Here we report a detailed characterization of the pH-sensitive fluorescent nanoprobe Glu(3), which is well suited for pH measurements in microcompartmentalized biological systems. The probe is a polyglutamic porphyrin dendrimer in which multiple carboxylate termini ensure its high water solubility and prevent its diffusion across phospholipid membranes. The probe's pK is in the physiological pH range, and its protonation can be followed ratiometrically by absorbance or fluorescence in the ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectral region. The usefulness of the probe was enhanced by using a semiautomatic titration system coupled to a charge-coupled device (CCD) spectrometer, enabling fast and accurate titrations and full spectral coverage of the system at millisecond time resolution. The probe's pK was measured in bulk solutions as well as inside large unilamellar vesicles in the presence of physiologically relevant ions. Glu(3) was found to be completely membrane impermeable, and its distinct spectroscopic features permit pH measurements inside closed membrane vesicles, enabling quantitative mechanistic studies of membrane-spanning proteins. Performance of the probe was demonstrated by monitoring the rate of proton leakage through the phospholipid bilayer in large vesicles with and without the uncoupler gramicidin present. Overall, as a probe for biological proton translocation measurements, Glu(3) was found to be superior to the commercially available pH indicators.
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- Lidén, Hans, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Does pretransplant left ventricular assist device therapy improve results after heart transplantation in patients with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance?
- 2009
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Ingår i: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1873-734X. ; 35:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined as a pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) >2.5 Wood units (WU) and (or) a transpulmonary gradient (TPG) >12 mmHg, is an established risk factor for mortality in heart transplantation. Elevated PVR in heart transplant candidates can be reduced using a left ventricular assist device (LVAD), and LVAD is proposed to be the treatment of choice for candidates with PH. We analyzed the effect on PVR of pretransplant LVAD therapy in patients with PH and compared posttransplant outcome with matched controls. Long-term survival was compared between heart transplant recipients with mild, moderate or severe PH and patients with no PH. METHODS: Heart transplant recipients 1988-2007 (n=405) were reviewed and divided into two groups with respect to pretransplant PVR: <2.5 WU (n=148) and >2.5 WU (n=158). From the group with PH, patients subjected to pretransplant LVAD therapy (n=11) were analyzed with respect to PVR at implant and at transplant and, with respect to outcome, compared to matched historical controls (n=22). Patients with PH without LVAD treatment (n=147) were stratified into three subgroups: mild, moderate and severe PH and survival according to Kaplan-Meier was analyzed and compared to patients with no PH. RESULTS: LVAD therapy reduced PVR from 4.3+/-1.6 to 2.0+/-0.6 WU, p<0.05. Three cases of perioperative heart failure required mechanical support whereas one control patient developed perioperative right heart failure requiring mechanical support. The incidence of other perioperative complications was comparable between groups. There was no difference in survival between LVAD patients and controls, 30-day survival was 82% and 91%, respectively and 4-year survival was 64% and 82%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Pretransplant LVAD therapy reduces an elevated PVR in heart transplant recipients, but there was no statistically significant difference in posttransplant survival in patients with PH with, or without LVAD therapy. The study revealed no differences in survival in patients regardless of the severity of the PH.
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- Siegenthaler, MP, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanical reliability of the Jarvik 2000 Heart - Discussion
- 2006
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Ingår i: Annals of Thoracic Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1552-6259 .- 0003-4975. ; 81:5, s. 1752-1759
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Device failure is a limitation of permanent mechanical circulatory support. We studied the mechanical reliability of the Jarvik 2000 Heart, an axial flow pump with ceramic bearings designed to provide more than 10 years' durability. Methods. The Jarvik 2000 Heart was implanted in 102 patients between April 2000 and December 2004. Eighty-three pumps with an abdominal driveline were implanted as a bridge-to-transplantation, and 19 with post-auricular power supply as lifetime therapy. Eighteen pumps were recovered intact after clinical use and run continuously on the bench to further assess durability. Results. No implantable component failure occurred either in patients or during bench testing. The cumulative pump run-time was 110 years: 59 years overall in vivo and 51 years in vitro. The mean support time for bridge-to-transplant recipients was 159 days, and for discharged lifetime-therapy recipients 551 days. Six recipients were supported moer than 2 years, with the longest ongoing approaching 5 years. External cables caused three system failures, with a 95% freedom from system failure at 4 years. Device malfunctions, related to external cables ( 9) and lack of a backup battery ( 1), caused no adverse consequences. Before introduction of noncorrosive, gold-plated stainless steel connectors, corrosion was observed on three connectors to the retroauricular power supply. Conclusions. The Jarvik 2000 Heart has had no implantable component failure. Meaningful durability data and failure mode can only be established by real-time testing in patients. The reliability and dependability of this device, in addition to the exchangeability of external components, give promise for long-term circulatory support in critically ill heart failure patients.
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