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- Langer, Judith, et al.
(författare)
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Present and Future of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-086X .- 1936-0851. ; 14:1, s. 28-117
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The discovery of the enhancement of Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on nanostructured metal surfaces is a landmark in the history of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Significant experimental and theoretical effort has been directed toward understanding the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and demonstrating its potential in various types of ultrasensitive sensing applications in a wide variety of fields. In the 45 years since its discovery, SERS has blossomed into a rich area of research and technology, but additional efforts are still needed before it can be routinely used analytically and in commercial products. In this Review, prominent authors from around the world joined together to summarize the state of the art in understanding and using SERS and to predict what can be expected in the near future in terms of research, applications, and technological development. This Review is dedicated to SERS pioneer and our coauthor, the late Prof. Richard Van Duyne, whom we lost during the preparation of this article. ©
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| 4. |
- Gladkochub, D. P., et al.
(författare)
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1.79–1.75 Ga mafic magmatism of the Siberian craton and late Paleoproterozoic paleogeography
- 2022
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Ingår i: Precambrian Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-9268. ; 370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents new geological, geochronological, geochemical, and Nd isotopic data on the late Paleoproterozoic dolerites of the Siberian craton. U-Pb baddeleyite ages of the Doros dolerites (Aldan shield, south-eastern Siberia) and East Anabar dolerites (Anabar shield, northern Siberia) are 1757 ± 4 and 1774 ± 6 Ma, respectively. This new geochronological data together with published 1.76–1.75 Ga ages for Timpton-Algamay dolerites of the Aldan shield and Chaya dolerites of the Baikal uplift (southern Siberia) revealed a 20 my difference between this magmatism in the north and south Siberia. The Doros dolerites in their chemical compositions correspond to sub-alkaline basaltic andesites, but the East Anabar dolerite is chemically close to basaltic trachyandesite. The Doros dolerites demonstrate negative and close to zero ɛNd(t) values (from −7.0 to +0.1), which correlate well with SiO2 and Mg#. All Doros dolerites have Nb–Ta and Ti anomalies in multielement spectra. The geochemical and Nd isotopic data suggest that the Doros dolerites have been formed by the mixing of mantle and crustal material. The East Anabar dolerites are characterized by a negative ɛNd(t) value of −3.7, negative Nb–Ta anomaly in multielement spectra, high concentrations of TiO2 and P2O5. The 1775 Ma East Anabar dolerites could be generated from a subcontinental lithospheric mantle source, possibly with some mantle plume interaction (possibly centred at the convergence with the 1.76–1.75 Ga fanning Aldan swarm). Geochemistry and Nd isotope systematics of all 1.78–1.75 Ga mafic dykes and intrusions of the Siberian craton indicate the subcontinental lithospheric mantle source or mantle source contaminated by crustal material. Geochronological data from the 1.79–1.75 Ga magmatic rocks of Siberia and other continents suggest continuous magmatism over this interval in some continents, but a series of short magmatic events/pulses (from one to four) separated by intervals of quiescence in other continents. We locate the analysed dykes and sills on new 1750 Ma and 1790 Ma global paleogeographic reconstructions. Analysis of 1.79–1.75 Ga geochemical data on mafic intrusions from Late Paleoproterozoic continents suggests the prevalence of subcontinental lithospheric mantle source for the mafic intrusions over the pure mantle plume source.
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- Kotov, Nikolay, et al.
(författare)
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Elucidating the fine-scale structural morphology of nanocellulose by nano infrared spectroscopy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanoscale infrared (IR) spectroscopy and microscopy, enabling the acquisition of IR spectra and images with a lateral resolution of 20 nm, is employed to chemically characterize individual cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) to elucidate if the CNCs and CNFs consist of alternating crystalline and amorphous domains along the CNF/CNC. The high lateral resolution enables studies of the nanoscale morphology at different domains of the CNFs/CNCs: flat segments, kinks, twisted areas, and end points. The types of nanocellulose investigated are CNFs from tunicate, CNCs from cotton, and anionic and cationic wood-derived CNFs. All nano-FTIR spectra acquired from the different samples and different domains of the individual nanocellulose particles resemble a spectrum of crystalline cellulose, suggesting that the non-crystalline cellulose signal observed in macroscopic measurements of nanocellulose most likely originate from cellulose chains present at the surface of the nanocellulose particles.
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| 6. |
- Bigdeli, TB, et al.
(författare)
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Contributions of common genetic variants to risk of schizophrenia among individuals of African and Latino ancestry
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5578 .- 1359-4184. ; 25:10, s. 2455-2467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Schizophrenia is a common, chronic and debilitating neuropsychiatric syndrome affecting tens of millions of individuals worldwide. While rare genetic variants play a role in the etiology of schizophrenia, most of the currently explained liability is within common variation, suggesting that variation predating the human diaspora out of Africa harbors a large fraction of the common variant attributable heritability. However, common variant association studies in schizophrenia have concentrated mainly on cohorts of European descent. We describe genome-wide association studies of 6152 cases and 3918 controls of admixed African ancestry, and of 1234 cases and 3090 controls of Latino ancestry, representing the largest such study in these populations to date. Combining results from the samples with African ancestry with summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) study of schizophrenia yielded seven newly genome-wide significant loci, and we identified an additional eight loci by incorporating the results from samples with Latino ancestry. Leveraging population differences in patterns of linkage disequilibrium, we achieve improved fine-mapping resolution at 22 previously reported and 4 newly significant loci. Polygenic risk score profiling revealed improved prediction based on trans-ancestry meta-analysis results for admixed African (Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.032; liability R2 = 0.017; P < 10−52), Latino (Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.089; liability R2 = 0.021; P < 10−58), and European individuals (Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.089; liability R2 = 0.037; P < 10−113), further highlighting the advantages of incorporating data from diverse human populations.
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| 7. |
- Xu, Wenyang, et al.
(författare)
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Solid-state polymer adsorption for surface modification : The role of molecular weight
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 605, s. 441-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypothesis: Solid-state polymer adsorption offers a distinct approach for surface modification. These ultrathin, so-called Guiselin layers can easily be obtained by placing a polymer melt in contact with an interface, followed by a removal of the non-adsorbed layer with a good solvent. While the mechanism of formation has been well established for Guiselin layers, their stability, crucial from the perspective of materials applications, is not. The stability is a trade-off in the entropic penalty between cooperative detachment of the number of segments directly adsorbed on the substrate and consecutively pinned monomers. Experiments: Experimental model systems of Guiselin layers of polystyrene (PS) on silicon wafers with native oxide layer on top were employed. The stability of the adsorbed layers was studied as a function of PS molecular weight and polydispersibility by various microscopic and spectroscopic tools as well as quasi-static contact angle measurements. Findings: Adsorbed layers from low molecular weight PS were disrupted with typical spinodal decomposition patterns whereas high molecular weight (>500 kDa) PS resulted in stable, continuous layers. Moreover, we show that Guiselin layers offer an enticing way to modify a surface, as demonstrated by adsorbed PS that imparts a hydrophobic character to initially hydrophilic silicon wafers.
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