| 1. |
- Albrecht, Martin
(författare)
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Enabling socio-technical transitions – electric vehicles and high voltage electricity grids as focal points of low emission futures
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Today humankind is facing numerous sustainability challenges that require us to question CO2 intensive practices like those present in the transport and energy sector. To meet those challenges, many countries have adopted ambitious climate targets. Achieving such targets requires an understanding of the wider socio-technical context of transitions. The aim of this licentiate thesis is therefore to analyse such socio-technical transitions towards low-emission futures enabled by the electrification of passenger cars and high voltage grid development.A combination of different transitions theories (for ex. Multi-level perspective and Technological innovation systems) and institutional theory has been used. To reach the aim paper I analyses the climate impacts of electric vehicles (EVs) and policy measures to achieve a breakthrough scenario for EVs. The results show that a mixture of short and long term policies are needed that take into account the technology development stage and behavioural aspects of EV adopters. Paper II addresses the need to include the high voltage transmission grid and its planning procedures as a central part of debates on transitions. Therefore the opportunities, challenges and reasons for conflict in the established regime are studied. The results show that in order to achieve a sustainable grid development regime, it is necessary to spend time on achieving legitimacy and social sustainability. The third paper uses semi-structured expert interviews and focuses on innovation dynamics for EV adoption. By focusing on dynamics instead of single policy measures, it is possible to grasp interactions within a niche, but also in between a niche, regime and landscape. The results show that strong initial technology legitimacy was needed to start substantial innovation dynamics. This could be further strengthened with a strong and broad coalition of actors. Both those factors led, if present, to an improved variety and match of policy instruments.As such this thesis has shown that transitions are not just about technology or policy instruments as such but about the dynamics and processes needed to enable them. This can be relevant in other transitions that otherwise may underestimate the importance of these components.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Elina, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable development for ICT engineering students : “What’s in it for me”?
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of sustainable development (SD) is hardly possible to refute; however, sustainable development has been a relatively peripheral subject in computer-related engineering educations. Sustainability, with its global and potentially all-encompassing connotations, is still seen by many Information and Communication Technology (ICT) students as a topic of little relevance to their future careers. So how can teachers convince these students that sustainability is a topic that can be both relevant and interesting for them? From the point of view of the student; “What’s in it for me?”.In this paper we describe and compare our efforts to plan and teach three introductory courses on SD in three different ICT-related educational programmes at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. The courses were planned separately, but they will be analysed together. We discuss two dimensions that we have found to be imperative in our endeavour to engage our students. The first dimension is to handle the balance between sustainability on a general level versus sustainability as specifically related to ICT. The second dimension is to handle the tension between teaching facts versus an emphasis on students’ reflections and/or practicing skills. We argue that overcoming the challenge of making sustainability relevant to the students is central for successfully teaching these courses.
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| 3. |
- Kramers, Anna, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Governing the Smart Sustainable City : The case of the Stockholm Royal Seaport
- 2016
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF ICT FOR SUSTAINABILITY 2016. - Amsterdam : Atlantis Press. - 9789462522244 ; , s. 99-108
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to improve the understanding on how city administrations can integrate ICT solutions for urban sustainability into processes of planning, i.e. how to govern the Smart Sustainable City. The paper is based on a case study of how the City of Stockholm has worked with integrating ICT solutions in the urban development project the Stockholm Royal Seaport (SRS). Through interviews with city officials and analysis of planning and policy documents we track how ICT became a part of the environmental program for the SRS, how this type of technology is conceived in terms of relation to the planning and implementation of other urban technologies, as well as what expected effects are highlighted. For this specific case we also distil some general lessons learned regarding what worked well and what did not. Finally, we draw conclusions regarding how ICT and sustainability can be merged in the planning phase of new urban developments and, ultimately, how a city administration can govern a city towards a Smart Sustainable City.
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| 4. |
- Kramers, Anna H, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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AaaS and MaaS for reduced environmental and climate impact of transport : Creating indicators to identify promising digital service innovations for reduced demand and optimized use of transport resources
- 2018
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Ingår i: ICT4S2018. 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Sustainability. - : EasyChair. ; 52, s. 137-152
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a set of indicators is presented that aim to identify promising service innovations for Accessibility as a Service (AaaS) and Mobility as a Service (MaaS); services that potentially can reduce the demand for transport and optimize use of transport infrastructure and vehicles in urban regions. The proposed indicators characterize service innovations from three different perspectives: 1) Is the service innovation environmentally sustainable? Does it reduce negative impacts on the environment (reduce carbon emissions, use of space), 2) Is it rewardable? Is value created for an organization? Does it make use of new sustainable business models, and 3) How widely is the service spread? How many users are there, what is the geographic distribution and what level of societal transition has occurred? The developed indicators are meant to guide policy makers, decision makers, business developers and academia in the prioritizations that need to be made when allocating land and resources to the most promising and powerful innovations, moving towards more environmentally friendly mobility and accessibility. The next step will be to test the indicators to identify and categorize existing and emerging new services, ideas, pilots and prototypes. The results of this second step will be presented in our next article.
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| 5. |
- Kramers, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Work hubs : Location considerations and opportunities for reduced travel
- 2015
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF ENVIROINFO AND ICT FOR SUSTAINABILITY 2015. - : Atlantis Press. - 9789462520929 ; , s. 126-135
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cities worldwide are suffering from congestion among public transport users and motorists. Mayors have set ambitious targets to reduce traffic and improve public transportation, while at the same time reducing energy use. This paper investigates the option of using flexible workplaces in local nodes within urban regions in order to transform transportation needs. The business characteristics of this type of flexible workplace and the driving forces and potential barriers in its establishment are examined in an interview study with existing hub owners. The results provide novel information on emerging technologies related to urban transportation solutions and highlight how ICT solutions can affect the accessibility and relevance of flexible workplaces and thereby support their energy reduction potential.
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| 6. |
- Kriukelyte, Erika, 1989-
(författare)
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The transport sector in transition – : different pathways of handling transport data in urban regions of Helsinki, London, Oslo and Singapore
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The fourth industrial revolution is disrupting almost every industry in every country and the transport sector is not an exception in this discussion, with increasing mobility demands and evolving mobility needs in consideration of global sustainability goals. In light of these technological changes and discussions, public authorities are on the path of transition and the role of public transport authorities is still unclear for themselves, for business or even for society at large. This issue extends to transport data policies as there is still a lack a general overview concerning what pathways different cities are working on and implementing. Therefore, this study, as a part of Swedish research programme Mistra SAMS, aims to provide an overview of policies and the management of data connected with the transport sector in four selected city regions: Helsinki, London, Oslo and Singapore. Three research questions have been examined: 1. How do different transport authorities in urban regions approach transport data and perceive the value of data? 2. What kind of action plan is being implemented to create the public value of transport data within the public authorities? 3. How is all of this reflected in collaboration with third parties? Institutional theory is used in the multi-case analysis to guide the collection of data through document analysis and semi-structured interviews and provides a framework for analysis and structuring of the findings. The findings showcased different approaches to data and overall themes in the institutional context in different regions, which included themes such as policies, administrative reforms, technology, interoperability, partnerships and transport data repository. The final discussion identifies two main development paths: technology-led development and other mobility concept-led development. All regions work actively with transport data management, although each builds their approach on different ideas and practices. The proactive role of the public sector in regulating and implementing new technologies is discussed for each of the urban regions. Partnerships between the public and private sectors are more developed in the urban regions with technology-led development. The study outlines key areas of future research, like the role of public authorities, the importance of public-private partnerships, questions related to the digitalization and interoperability.
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| 7. |
- Ringenson, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalization and environmental aims in municipalities
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many municipalities express a wish to use digital technologies to achieve environmental aims. However, there is still a need for a better understanding of how this should practically be done, both among municipalities and among ICT developers. We have used workshops and literature studies to formulate technological abilities of digitalization.We use two EU directives that are relevant for municipal environmental goals and combine the activities that these directives indicate with technological abilities of digitalization, in order to formulate practical implementations of digital technology to help these activities and reach the directives' goals. We suggest that this method can be used for any municipal goal, as follows: (1) Identify the objective (in our case set by the EU-directives); (2) Identify what activities these points will require or generate; (3a) From a municipal viewpoint: Based on the results of 1 and 2, formulate and structure ideas of how digitalization can support the objectives and how those ideas can be implemented; (3b) From a provider's viewpoint: Investigate what digital solutions supporting 1 and 2 exist, or how existing services can be tweaked to support the objectives and explore how new digital solutions supporting 1 and 2 can be developed.
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| 8. |
- Ringenson, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Indicators for Promising Accessibility and Mobility Services
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050 .- 1548-7733. ; :8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cities are increasingly facing major transportation challenges, and new sustainable solutions are needed. New ICT-enabled services can be part of solving the problems, including both improving and finding new transportation services and providing digital access to different services. It is important to identify which services have the best potential for environmental benefits (e.g., travel reduction leading to lesser emissions), economic viability and spread. Such identification can be carried out with the help of indicators. This article uses four types of new accessibility services to test out a previously formulated set of indicators and suggest changes to make them more useful. Using common indicators for transportation and digital accessibility services seem to support collecting and condensing information about the services and simplifies understanding their benefits and challenges. However, a challenge for this approach is finding indicators that are both specific and broad enough to be useful.
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