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- Bjorklund, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous monitoring of yoghurt fermentation using a noble metal electrode array
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Food Science and Technology. - : Wiley. - 0950-5423 .- 1365-2621. ; 44:3, s. 635-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An electrochemical probe containing gold, platinum and rhodium working electrodes was used to monitor yoghurt production in a pilot facility. Three commercial starting cultures at 40, 42 and 44 C transformed milk having 1.5% fat content to mild yoghurt products. The electrochemical changes in the broth during fermentation were recorded as current responses from pulse voltammetry over the electrodes. Principal component analysis of the responses generated two-dimensional score plots describing the qualitative fermentation progressions. Two distinct fermentation pathways were observed leading to similar final products. The pH was recorded during the fermentations and the data was used as reference values for creating a partial least squares model for prediction of pH as an example of a quantitative application for the sensor. The relative mean squared error for validation of the model using four probes interchangeably was about 2%. The probe was constructed of materials approved for use in the food industry and did not require a standard glass reference electrode.
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| 4. |
- Jonzon, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Violence against women in intimate relationships: Explanations and suggestions for interventions as perceived by healthcare workers, local leaders, and trusted community members in a northern district of Vietnam
- 2007
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Ingår i: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 35:6, s. 640-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study explored professionals' and trusted community inhabitants' explanations of the violence between intimate partners and their suggestions for preventive activities. It was performed in a rural district in northern Vietnam. Methods: A total of 20 men and 20 women were strategically selected for focus-group discussions and the analyses followed the procedure for qualitative thematic content analysis. Results: It was pointed out that violence against women was not discussed openly in the community and women subjected to violence kept silent and avoided seeking help in order not to reveal what was happening in the family. The informants perceived the violence as an interplay between individual and family-related factors and sociocultural norms and practices where Confucian ideology exerted a strong influence. When it came to prevention, there was a strong belief in educating the people and in enforcing policy and law. Conclusions: As described by the informants, traditional attitudes to gender roles and women's power disadvantage are found to be behind most of the explanations for intimate partner violence. Collaboration between sectors at local level, between the health sector and other bodies, and with community leaders as spokesmen would help to improve openness and reduce society's tolerance of violence against women. The mass media also have an important role to play.
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| 8. |
- Ringsberg, Karin C., 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with patients with medically unexplained symptoms: work-related strategies of physicians in primary health care.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of health psychology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1359-1053 .- 1461-7277. ; 11:1, s. 107-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- General practitioners (GPs) often meet patients with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). From a patient perspective, MUS is a well-acknowledged problem within the primary health care services today, but less is known about the GPs' perceptions. This study aims to elucidate GPs' perceptions of patients with MUS, focusing on stressing situations, emotional reactions and coping strategies. Twenty-seven physicians participated in focus-group discussions. In the analysis, where a phenomenographic approach was used, six situations were identified as being especially stressful in the encounter with these patients. The GPs described how they used both problem-focused and emotion-focused strategies, but with emotion-focused strategies slightly dominating, indicating that the GPs had difficulties in managing their own stress when working with patients with MUS.
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