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- Cajander, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Contextual personas as a method for understanding digital work environments
- 2015
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Ingår i: 4th IFIP 13.6 Working Conference on Human Work Interaction Design, HWID 2015. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319270470 - 9783319270487 ; , s. 141-152
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of IT at the workplace has changed dramatically from being a tool within the work environment to include all aspects of social and private life. New workplaces emerge where IT becomes more and more divergent, embedded and pervasive. These new aspects of IT at work need to be addressed with new or adapted human centred activities. This paper present and discuss a modified version of personas called contextual personas developed to better address the new working life. The contextual personas were developed using contextual inquiry, and focus groups as well as argumentative design. From the process of developing the contextual personas we learned that they are indeed a promising tool to understand the new work situations, and especially the holistic view of IT at work as they bring the whole working-life of the personas into focus. Finally, we discuss in what way the contextual personas could give developers extended understanding of the users’ future office work environment.
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| 6. |
- Jónsson, Björn Þór, et al.
(författare)
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Aligning quality assurance at the course unit and educational program levels
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proc. 46th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 9781509017904
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quality assurance is a subject that has grown dramatically in importance in recent times. In previous work, we have described how the ACM Curricula can be used to support the Quality Assurance process of educational programs, using the Computer Science program at Reykjavik University as an example. Faculty members and employers of graduates participated in the process, that resulted in providing both detailed quantitative data and qualitative information. The assessment also raised awareness of how abstract topics and learning outcomes from an international standard can be used when revising the curricula of a particular course in a CS program. Quality assurance is indeed a continuous process, where the results of evaluations should be used to drive improvements. In this paper we focus on how a Database course was re-structured based on a recent quality assurance process.
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| 8. |
- Lárusdóttir, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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A license to kill - Improving UCSD in Agile development
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Systems and Software. - : Elsevier. - 0164-1212 .- 1873-1228. ; 123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Agile development processes, such as Scrum, focus on communication, developer collaboration and delivery of working software early and continuously. User-centered systems design (UCSD) is a process emphasizing usability and the user experience throughout the system life cycle. It highlights the UCSD activities: understanding the context of use, iterative prototyping to explore the design space and active collaboration with users throughout the software development. Agile processes are by many assumed to address similar issues as UCSD, hence, by applying Agile processes the systems would become usable for the end-users and their user experience should improve. This paper discusses and interprets findings on UCSD activities in Agile projects in practice, that are analyzed according to the fundamental principles from the Agile manifesto. We show that Agile development has much to gain from integrating UCSD, and give guidance on how to integrate UCSD in Agile processes. User experience (UX) professionals need a more explicit role in the Agile projects and more authority. We recommend that they receive a "license to kill" design suggestions that are not perceived as useful by the users.
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| 10. |
- Lárusdóttir, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges from Integrating Usability Activities in Scrum : Why is Scrum So Fashionable?
- 2016. - 1
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Ingår i: Integrating User Centred Design in Agile Development. - 9783319321639 - 9783319321653
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scrum is currently a widely used process in most areas of software development. Conversely, usability activities as prescribed in the area of HCI are not widely used in the software industry, especially not in agile software development projects. Through an analysis of interview and survey data from five studies we scrutinize the reasons for choosing Scrum, consequences of using Scrum, and study the challenges of integrating usability activities in Scrum projects are scrutinized. Our results show that the IT professionals appreciate the inherent values in Scrum, which are speed and communication internal to the Scrum team. Also, working in teams and focusing on a small number of tasks at a time is valued. The main challenges are that including specialists in the teams is hard and Scrum does not always match with external requirements for the organizations. Usability activities in Scrum are found to be informal and implicit, even sometimes hidden behind more fashionable concepts such as security and accessibility to increase priority. In addition, usability activities are often seen as not fitting in the pace of the project. Two of the underlying questions in the paper are: Why is Scrum so fashionable? How can usability activities be better integrated in agile projects? Answers to these questions are discussed in the chapter.Keywords
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| 11. |
- Larusdottir, Marta K., et al.
(författare)
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RAMES - Framework supporting user centred evaluation in research and practice
- 2019
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Ingår i: Behavior and Information Technology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0144-929X .- 1362-3001. ; 38:2, s. 132-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One way to ensure good user experience of IT systems is to conduct user centred evaluation, aimed to provide feedback to IT professionals on their IT systems from the user perspective. The objective of this paper is to explore a conceptual framework, named RAMES that supports evaluators when planning, comparing and documenting user centred evaluations in a structured way. The framework structures the elements of an evaluation into five categories: Roles, Activities, Materials, Environments, and System. The framework was developed based on a theoretical analysis. Two explorative studies with 92 participants in total show that two thirds of the participants found it easy or rather easy to use the framework, and 33% find it likely that they would use the framework again. The conclusion of the studies is that frameworks such as RAMES enhance the implementation of user centred evaluations.
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| 15. |
- Lind, Thomas, 1986-
(författare)
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Inertia in Sociotechnical Systems : On IT-related Change Processes in Organisations
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The introduction of new information technology (IT) in an organisation is one way of changing the conditions for how tasks and work processes can be designed and performed, as well as how people in the organisation interact with each other. Today, many Swedish workers rely completely on IT to be able to perform their jobs, while experiencing a combination of continuous and intermittent IT-related changes that affect this ability.The introduction of new or updated IT systems in an organisation is an example of what is referred to as an IT-related change process in this thesis. Because IT has become such an integral part of modern organisations, many change processes in organisations are simultaneously enabled and constrained by the IT systems involved in a change process. In this thesis, I introduce the concept of inertia in sociotechnical systems to analyse IT-related change processes in organisations, and how achieving the goals of these processes is complicated by organisational, social, and physical aspects in addition to technology.The context of this thesis is the Swedish public sector domains of health-care and higher education, and the result of research studies and experiences from four action research projects in these settings. The contribution of this thesis adds to the contributions of the included papers through the definition of inertia in sociotechnical systems and its subsequent application. The thesis shows that the concept of inertia in sociotechnical systems can be used to understand IT-related change processes as changes to the characteristics of a sociotechnical system, and, in the context of organisations, how these processes affect and are affected by an organisation’s characteristics. This is illustrated in the thesis through the application of the concept on examples of IT-related change processes from the included papers and research projects. In addition, the thesis shows that the use of vision seminar methods can benefit Swedish organisations, since new IT is often introduced without clearly defined, expressed, understood, and accepted goals.
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| 16. |
- Lind, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Students envisioning the future
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proc. 46th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 9781509017904
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- How can students be included as critical stakeholders in the systems and services provided by a university? To address the whole student experience, we engaged students and employees at a large Swedish university in a vision seminar process to elicit how these groups envisioned an ideal future university, and the necessary changes to technology and organisational structures required to achieve this ideal version. The process entailed six four-hour workshops with four groups consisting of six participants each. A survey instrument was used to follow up on the participants' experiences of participating in the vision seminar process and their thoughts on the future of the university. The results show that the participating students were more positive compared to the university employees. The students envisioned harmonized interdepartmental systems, seamlessly integrating a variety of services into one university provided solution. The employees envisioned their future work as flexible, enabled by technology providing excellent support without hindering pedagogical and organisational development. Using technological frames, these visions of the future are identified, analysed and discussed in relation to the quality of university education and a holistic view on students' university experience. Finally we discuss the broader implications of the visions on the future of university education.
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| 19. |
- Sigurgeirsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Learning Outcome Outcomes : An Evaluation of Quality
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proc. 48th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 9781538611746
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning outcomes are a standard specification of knowledge, skills and capabilities that a student is expected to acquire by attending a course or a degree program. While, in theory, the process of evaluating learning outcomes appears to be trivial, in practice it is a complicated and daunting process. In this study, we evaluate how learning outcomes can be effectively applied. The work focuses on the quality of both the specification of the learning outcomes and the assessment of whether these outcomes are reached. We discuss different abstraction levels for learning outcomes and the issue of alignment between high-level and low-level learning outcomes. We also address the criteria for assessing whether a student is meeting a learning outcome.Our work is focused on project-oriented courses, where assessing learning outcomes is seen as particularly challenging. In particular, we draw on an empirical study focused on systematically collecting key performance indicators of the progress towards achieving learning outcomes. The data gathering was done during the course through in-class questionnaires and individual diary notes, as a complementary process to the traditional observations made by the teacher running the course. This data serves as the basis for understanding how individual students advance towards the stated learning goals. We also conducted a focus group discussion after the course to better understand how to interpret the data collected during the course.An important result of our work is forming an understanding and vocabulary regarding learning outcomes and the assessment of how well students meet these learning goals in project-based educational settings. In addition to this, we make the following major contributions:We present a systematic methodology to gauge how well students meet learning outcomes through in-class self-evaluation.We present the results of an empirical study of a process-oriented evaluation of the students' development towards stated learning outcomes.We state some lessons learned from this process, that are applicable for designers of project-based courses.
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| 20. |
- Winckler, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Dealing with Conflicting User Interface Properties in User-Centered Development Processes
- 2017
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Ingår i: HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION - INTERACT 2017, PT IV. ; , s. 521-523
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whilst usability has been the most prominent user interface property in early Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research other properties such as accessibility, inclusive design, user experience and, more recently security, trust and resilience (among many others) might also be important for the development of interactive system. It is interesting to notice that user interface properties might overlap and sometimes create conflicting recommendations. A good example is security which, by recommending users to deal with passwords reduces system usability by placing a burden on users. The ultimate goal of this workshop is to promote the investigation of multiple user interface properties in a user-centered design process. We are concerned by theories, methods and approaches for dealing with multiple user interface properties when developing interactive system. This workshop is organized by the IFIP WG 13.2 on Human-Centered Software Methodologies and the WG 13.5 on Resilience, Reliability, Safety and Human Error in System Development.
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