| 1. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bergmann, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
-
Data on the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in the lungs after one-lung ventilation
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 21, s. 441-448
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article contains data on experimental endpoints of a randomized controlled animal trial. Fourteen healthy piglets underwent mechanical ventilation including injurious one-lung ventilation (OLV), seven of them experienced four cycles of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) on one hind limb immediately before OLV, seven of them did not receive RIP and served as controls, in a randomized manner. The two major endpoints were (1) pulmonary damage assessed with the diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) score and (2) the inflammatory response assessed by cytokine concentrations in serum and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BAL). The cytokine levels in the homogenized lung tissue samples are presented in the original article. Further interpretation and discussion of these data can be found in Bergmann et al. (in press).
|
|
| 3. |
- Bergmann, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
-
Pulmonary effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in a porcine model of ventilation-induced lung injury
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology. - : Elsevier. - 1569-9048 .- 1878-1519. ; 259, s. 111-118
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: One-lung ventilation (OLV) may result in lung injury due to increased mechanical stress and tidal recruitment. As a result, a pulmonary inflammatory response is induced. The present randomized, controlled, animal experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) on diffuse alveolar damage and immune response after OLV.METHODS: Fourteen piglets (26 ± 2 kg) were randomized to control (n = 7) and RIP group (n = 7). For RIP, a blood pressure cuff at hind limb was inflated up to 200 mmHg for 5 min and deflated for another 5 min, this being done four times before OLV. Mechanical ventilation settings were constant throughout the experiment: VT = 10 ml/kg, FIO2 = 0.40, PEEP = 5cmH2O. OLV was performed by left-sided bronchial blockade. Number of cells was counted from BAL fluid; cytokines were assessed by immunoassays in lung tissue and serum samples. Lung tissue samples were obtained for histological analysis and assessment of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) score.RESULTS: Hemodynamic and respiratory data were similar in both groups. Likewise, no differences in pulmonary tissue TNF-α and protein content were found, but fewer leukocytes were counted in the ventilated lung after RIP. DAD scores were high without any differences between controls and RIP. On the other hand, alveolar edema and microhemorrhage were significantly increased after RIP.CONCLUSIONS: OLV results in alveolar injury, possibly enhanced by RIP. On the other hand, RIP attenuates the immunological response and decreased alveolar leukocyte recruitment in a porcine model of OLV.
|
|
| 4. |
- Cai, Simin, et al.
(författare)
-
Design of Cloud Monitoring Systems via DAGGTAX : A Case Study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia Computer Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-0509. ; 109, s. 424-431
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Efficient auto-scaling of cloud resources relies on the monitoring of the cloud, which involves multiple aggregation processes and large amounts of data with various and interdependent requirements. A systematic way of describing the data together with the possible aggregations is beneficial for designers to reason about the properties of these aspects as well as their implications on the design, thus improving quality and lowering development costs. In this paper, we propose to apply DAGGTAX, a feature-oriented taxonomy for organizing common and variable data and aggregation process properties, to the design of cloud monitoring systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of DAGGTAX via a case study provided by industry, which aims to design a cloud monitoring system that serves auto-scaling for a video streaming system. We design the cloud monitoring system by selecting and composing DAGGTAX features, and reason about the feasibility of the selected features. The case study shows that the application of DAGGTAX can help designers to identify reusable features, analyze trade-offs between selected features, and derive crucial system parameters.
|
|
| 5. |
- Kozian, Alf, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of methacholine infusion on desflurane pharmacokinetics in piglets
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 5, s. 939-947
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The data of a corresponding animal experiment demonstrates that nebulized methacholine (MCh) induced severe bronchoconstriction and significant inhomogeneous ventilation and pulmonary perfusion (V̇A/Q̇) distribution in pigs, which is similar to findings in human asthma. The inhalation of MCh induced bronchoconstriction and delayed both uptake and elimination of desflurane (Kretzschmar et al., 2015) [1]. The objective of the present data is to determine V̇A/Q̇ matching by Multiple Inert Gas Elimination Technique (MIGET) in piglets before and during methacholine- (MCh-) induced bronchoconstriction, induced by MCh infusion, and to assess the blood concentration profiles for desflurane (DES) by Micropore Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry (MMIMS). Healthy piglets (n=4) under general anesthesia were instrumented with arterial, central venous, and pulmonary artery lines. The airway was secured via median tracheostomy with an endotracheal tube, and animals were mechanically ventilated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) with a FiO2 of 0.4, tidal volume (V T)=10 ml/kg and PEEP of 5cmH2O using an open system. The determination of V.A/Q. was done by MIGET: before desflurane application and at plateau in both healthy state and during MCh infusion. Arterial blood was sampled at 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min during wash-in and washout, respectively. Bronchoconstriction was established by MCH infusion aiming at doubling the peak airway pressure, after which wash-in and washout of the anesthetic gas was repeated. Anesthesia gas concentrations were measured by MMIMS. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, paired t-test, and by nonparametric Friedman׳s test and Wilcoxon׳s matched pairs test. We measured airway pressures, pulmonary resistance, and mean paO2 as well as hemodynamic variables in all pigs before desflurane application and at plateau in both healthy state and during methacholine administration by infusion. By MIGET, fractional alveolar ventilation and pulmonary perfusion in relation to the V.A/Q. compartments, data of logSDQ̇ and logSDV̇ (the second moments describing global dispersion, i.e. heterogeneity of distribution) were estimated prior to and after MCh infusion. The uptake and elimination of desflurane was determined by MMIMS.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kretzschmar, Moritz, et al.
(författare)
-
Bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled methacholine delays desflurane uptake and elimination in a piglet model
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-9048 .- 1878-1519. ; 220, s. 88-94
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bronchoconstriction is a hallmark of asthma and impairs gas exchange. We hypothesized that pharmacokinetics of volatile anesthetics would be affected by bronchoconstriction. Ventilation/perfusion (V̇A/Q̇) ratios and pharmacokinetics of desflurane in both healthy state and during inhalational administration of methacholine (MCh) to double peak airway pressure were studied in a piglet model. In piglets, MCh administration by inhalation (100μg/ml, n=6) increased respiratory resistance, impaired V̇A/Q̇ distribution, increased shunt, and decreased paO2 in all animals. The uptake and elimination of desflurane in arterial blood was delayed by nebulization of MCh, as determined by Micropore Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry (wash-in time to P50, healthy vs. inhalation: 0.5min vs. 1.1min, to P90: 4.0min vs. 14.8min). Volatile elimination was accordingly delayed. Inhaled methacholine induced severe bronchoconstriction and marked inhomogeneous V̇A/Q̇ distribution in pigs, which is similar to findings in human asthma exacerbation. Furthermore, MCh-induced bronchoconstriction delayed both uptake and elimination of desflurane. These findings might be considered when administering inhalational anesthesia to asthmatic patients.
|
|
| 7. |
- Kretzschmar, Moritz, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of Bronchoconstriction-induced Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch on Uptake and Elimination of Isoflurane and Desflurane
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Anesthesiology. - 0003-3022 .- 1528-1175. ; 127:5, s. 800-812
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Increasing numbers of patients with obstructive lung diseases need anesthesia for surgery. These conditions are associated with pulmonary ventilation/perfusion (VA/Q) mismatch affecting kinetics of volatile anesthetics. Pure shunt might delay uptake of less soluble anesthetic agents but other forms of VA/Q scatter have not yet been examined. Volatile anesthetics with higher blood solubility would be less affected by VA/Q mismatch. We therefore compared uptake and elimination of higher soluble isoflurane and less soluble desflurane in a piglet model.METHODS: Juvenile piglets (26.7 ± 1.5 kg) received either isoflurane (n = 7) or desflurane (n = 7). Arterial and mixed venous blood samples were obtained during wash-in and wash-out of volatile anesthetics before and during bronchoconstriction by methacholine inhalation (100 μg/ml). Total uptake and elimination were calculated based on partial pressure measurements by micropore membrane inlet mass spectrometry and literature-derived partition coefficients and assumed end-expired to arterial gradients to be negligible. VA/Q distribution was assessed by the multiple inert gas elimination technique.RESULTS: Before methacholine inhalation, isoflurane arterial partial pressures reached 90% of final plateau within 16 min and decreased to 10% after 28 min. By methacholine nebulization, arterial uptake and elimination delayed to 35 and 44 min. Desflurane needed 4 min during wash-in and 6 min during wash-out, but with bronchoconstriction 90% of both uptake and elimination was reached within 15 min.CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled methacholine induced bronchoconstriction and inhomogeneous VA/Q distribution. Solubility of inhalational anesthetics significantly influenced pharmacokinetics: higher soluble isoflurane is less affected than fairly insoluble desflurane, indicating different uptake and elimination during bronchoconstriction.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
