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- Sandell, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in long-term effects of psychoanalysis and extended psychotherapy. Findings from the stockholm psychoanalysis and psychotherapy project.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Psyche. - 0033-2623. ; 55:3, s. 277-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors present the major findings of a targe-scale study on subsidized psychoanalyses and long-term psychotherapies in Sweden. Over 400 persons examined at various stages of treatment were re-examined in a follow-up study three years later using face-to-face interviews, questionnaires and official statistics. The significant outcomes from the evaluation of the data are a) the significantly better treatment results achieved by psychoanalysis compared with psychotherapy, b) the better results achieved by more experienced psychoanalysts, c) the higher success rate achieved by female treatment-providers, d) the positive effect of high treatment duration and high session frequency on the treatment and e) the negative effect of the psychoanalytic stance into psychotherapeutic setting.
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- Sandell, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Therapist attitudes and patient outcomes : I. Development and validation of the therapeutic attitudes scales (TASC-2)
- 2004
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Ingår i: Psychotherapy Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1050-3307 .- 1468-4381. ; 14:4, s. 469-484
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of the study were to develop and standardize, using a random sample of licensed psychotherapists in Sweden, an instrument to explore therapeutic attitudes. Nine factors were extracted and cross-validated from Therapeutic Identity, a comprehensive questionnaire. The factor scales predicted with considerable accuracy self-designated theoretical orientations of the therapists and were associated with therapists' level of experience. A cluster analysis of the therapists on the basis of the factor scales revealed interesting variations, particularly within the psychodynamic and eclectic parts of the spectrum of therapeutic attitudes. © 2004 Society for Psychotherapy Research.
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- Sandell, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Varieties of long-term outcome among patients in psychoanalysis and long-term psychotherapy - A review of findings in the Stockholm Outcome of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy Project (STOPPP)
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Psychoanalysis. - 0020-7578 .- 1745-8315. ; 81, s. 921-942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports the main findings of a large-scale study of subsidised psychoanalysis and long-term psychotherapy. More than 400 people in various phases, before, during and after subsidised psychoanalysis or long-term psychodynamic psyche therapy, were followed up for a period of three years with personal interviews, questionnaires and official statistics. Our analyses revealed progressive improvement the longer patients were in treatment-impressively strong among patients in psychoanalysis-on self-rating measures of symptom distress and morale. Improvement, however was equally weak in both groups on a self-rating measure of social relations. Dosage factors (treatment duration and session frequency in combination) partly accounted for the outcome differences between those referred to psychoanalysis and those referred to long-term psychotherapy. Attitudes and ideals among therapists and analysts concerning the goals and means of psychotherapy were also associated with patient outcome, although in rather complex ways. A significant part of the outcome differences between patients in psychoanalysis and in psychotherapy could be explained by the adoption, in a large group of therapists, of orthodox psychoanalytic attitudes that seemed to be counterproductive in the practice of psychotherapy but not in psychoanalysis. It is suggested that this effect may be a negative transfer of the psychoanalytic stance into psychotherapeutic practice and that this may be especially pronounced when the attitudes are not backed tip by psychoanalytic training.
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- Blomberg, J, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term outcome of long-term psychoanalytically oriented therapies : First findings of the Stockholm outcome of psychotherapy and psychoanalysis study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Psychotherapy Research. - 1050-3307 .- 1468-4381. ; 11:4, s. 361-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The scarcity of findings on the effectiveness of psychodynamic long-term psychotherapy and psychoanalysis is a problem, at least in countries where these treatments are the general treatment of choice. In this study, a sample of 105 patients in various stages before, during, and after treatment was drawn froth a population of 1,200 patients who had received or were on a waiting list for public subsidized long-term psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy or psychoanalysis. The average duration was 40 months for the psychotherapies and 51 months for the psychoanalyses. All patients completed a questionnaire, including the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Sense of Coherence Scale (SOCS), and Social Adjustment Scale (SAS), on 3 occasions with 12-month intervals. Using a partly within- and between-subjects design, group means were regressed on an ordinal time scale covering 7 stages in the treatment process: before, early during, during, late during, soon after, after, and late after treatment. The slopes indicated small to moderate effect sizes (d = 0.4-0.6) for psychotherapy and moderate to very large effect sizes (d = 0.4-1.5) for psychoanalysis. The largest effect sizes were on the SCL-90 and the lowest on the SAS for both groups. The proportions of patients with more "healthy" scores compared, with the worst scoring 10% in a nonclinical norm group increased from roughly 30% to 55% in the psychotherapy group and from 10% to 75% in the psychoanalysis group. The results underscore the importance of long-terns follow-up when evaluation of long-term treatments is concerned.
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- Sandell, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Time matters : On temporal interactions in long-term follow-up of long-term psychotherapies
- 2002
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Ingår i: Psychotherapy Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1050-3307 .- 1468-4381. ; 12:1, s. 39-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The roles of treatment duration, session frequency, and their interaction were studied in a sample of 156 patients who had terminated psychotherapy or psychoanalysis. The outcome parameters were treatment end-state and posttreatment change with respect to symptom distress, measured by the General Symptom Index from the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), morale, as indicated by the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOCS) overall mean, and the quality of social functioning, according to the Social Adjustment Scale overall mean, all of them taken for 3 consecutive years after termination of treatment. Growth curve modeling on the basis of covariance and mean structures yielded 5 principal results. First, outcome changed significantly after treatment termination. Second, end-state and posttreatment changes were influenced by duration and frequency but primarily in interaction. Thus, the effects of duration and frequency were conditional on each other. Third, the joint effects on end-state were small and on posttreatment change, small to moderate. Fourth, on the SCL-90 and the SOCS, there were outcome reversals during the posttreatment period such that good end-states deteriorated in the long run, whereas modest end-states improved considerably. Fifth, generally, the findings seemed to favor low-duration/low-frequency and high-duration/high-frequency treatments in this sample.
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