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| 2. |
- Lilja, Annika, 1963
(författare)
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Arbetsallianser i klassrummet
- 2011
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Ingår i: Undervisning och Existens. - Göteborg : Daidalos. ; , s. 115-142
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Undervisning och Existens rymmer en mycket initierad skildring av nutida skolliv och ger därigenom lärare möjlighet att på djupet reflektera över sina pedagogisk och existentiella arbetsvillkor. Det är dessutom en bok som medvetet använder berättandet som verktyg.
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| 3. |
- Lilja, Annika, 1963
(författare)
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Body, space and time – and their influences on trustful relationships in the classroom.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Indopacific Journal of Phenomenology. - 1445-7377. ; 13:Special Edition, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A trustful relationship between teacher and student is fundamental when it comes to the question of what makes teaching and learning work in the classroom. Most researchers have been content with simply examining teachers' subject knowledge and teaching methods. The aim of this study is to highlight the trustful relationship between teacher and student from the teachers' point of view. Taking both experience and bodily views into account allows for another way of understanding relationships in the classroom. This is accomplished throught the use of a lifeworld phenomenological approach and the concepts of the lived body, lived space and lived time described by Merleau-Ponty (1962/2008). The empirical material on which this article is based was collected by fieldwork in five different compulsory schools in Sweden. In this article I discuss how these lived aspects help to describe a multifaceted relationship. The article also shows that these lived aspects influence relationships through the organisation of activities in the classroom. The article discusses how these lived aspects influence the relationship between the teacher and the student, as well as they influence the student's opportunities to learn in school. This study shows that the lived aspects need to be taken seriously in order for teaching and learning to work.
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| 4. |
- Lilja, Annika, 1963
(författare)
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Förtroendefulla relationer mellan lärare och elev
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis aims to explain how trustful relationships between teachers and students are expressed in the Swedish compulsory school system, and to explore what a trustful relationship implies for teacher and student. The empirical material presented is derived from field studies. The work of five teachers in five different schools was observed over various periods of time. The material has mostly been collected by means of observations in the classroom but also using interviews and informal conversations. The classroom observations focus on trustful relationships between teacher and student. The interviews with the teachers were conducted both as formal interviews and as informal talks where both the teachers and the students took part. A phenomenological lifeworld approach has been used both when collecting and interpreting the empirical material; in particular, Lögstrup’s theory about the ethical demand is used to understand trust. The students’ life and world are intertwined and expressed during the school day, and the teacher has to receive this in a way that leads forward. In the results, four dimensions of trustful relationships are identified. The teachers care about the students; the teachers also listen, set limits and encounter students’ resistance in a trustful way. The dimensions of trustful relationships that are reported in this study can be divided into those that deepen and confirm the trust and those which test and hopefully also confirm the trust. This study contributes to an understanding of what trustful relationships and students’ lived experience can imply for ordinary school work. When the teacher and the students have trust in each other the relationships allow each student to be met in a way that is the best for him or her, i.e. according to each student’s needs. This study also hints that a trustful relationship seems to be necessary in creating opportunities for the student to learn and to believe in his or her own ability.
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| 5. |
- Lilja, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
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Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire-Reliability and Factor Structure : A Swedish Version
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 40:4, s. 291-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two studies were conducted to assess the Swedish version of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), which was originally created by Baer et al. (2006). The aim of Study 1 was to examine the psychometric properties of the FFMQ using data from 495 individuals. Quantitative and qualitative analyses resulted in a reduction of the scale by 10 items. Psychometric properties, including internal consistency of the revised instrument, were examined. The Swedish FFMQ provides results comparable to those obtained by Baer. Cronbach’s alphas were high for all the facets. The Swedish FFMQ appears to be a potentially useful tool in measuring mindfulness among Swedish participants. The aim of Study 2 was to test the suggested hierarchical five-factor solution and construct validity, using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Similar to findings for the English version of the FFMQ, the CFA showed that the Observing facet was not a significant part of an overall self-reported mindfulness structure in a Swedish population with little meditation experience. © 2011 Copyright Swedish Association for Behaviour Therapy.
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| 6. |
- Normann, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal microbial profiles in extremely preterm infants with and without necrotizing enterocolitis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 102:2, s. 129-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) represents one of the gravest complications in premature infants. The suggested role of intestinal microbiota in the development of NEC needs to be elucidated. Methods This prospective single-centre casecontrol study applied barcoded pyrosequencing to map the bacterial composition of faecal samples from extremely preterm infants. Ten patients were diagnosed with NEC and matched to healthy controls with regard to sex, gestational age and mode of delivery prior to analysis of the samples. Results Enterococcus, Bacillales and Enterobacteriaceae dominated the flora. Although not statistically significant, a high relative abundance of Bacillales and Enterobacteriaceae was detected at early time points in patients developing NEC, while healthy controls had a microbiota more dominated by Enterococcus. A low diversity of intestinal microbial flora was found without any differences between NEC patients and controls. In 16 healthy controls, Firmicutes (Enterococcus and Bacillales) dominated the faecal flora during the first weeks after birth and were then succeeded by Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion No significant differences in the composition of intestinal microbiota of patients developing NEC were detected; however, some findings need to be scrutinized in subsequent studies.
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| 7. |
- Saghafian-Hedengren, Shanie, et al.
(författare)
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Early-life EBV infection protects against persistent IgE sensitization.
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6825 .- 0091-6749. ; 125:2, s. 433-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Infection with EBV has previously been implicated in influencing allergic disorders, but its precise role remains contradictory. The timing of primary infection may contribute to the discrepancies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at investigating whether the time-point of primary EBV infection during childhood could be of importance in modulating the risk of developing IgE sensitization. METHODS: A total of 219 Swedish infants were followed prospectively to 5 years of age with clinical examinations, skin prick testing, specific IgE analyses, and determination of serostatus against EBV. RESULTS: After analysis of the children's EBV serostatus, we found that 5-year-olds who were infected with EBV before the age of 2 years were at a significantly lower risk of being persistently IgE-sensitized-that is, sensitized at both 2 and 5 years of age (adjusted odds ratio, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.12-0.94). In contrast, contraction of EBV after 2 years of age was highly associated with late-onset IgE sensitization (adjusted odds ratio, 4.64; 95% CI, 1.57-13.69). Persistently sensitized 5-year-olds had higher specific-IgE levels than children with late-onset IgE sensitization (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Our data support the value of early-life microbial exposure for protection against the development of IgE sensitization and underscore the proximate postnatal years as an important period during which EBV could contribute to an allergo-protective immune profile.
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| 8. |
- Stenius, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Salivary cortisol levels and allergy in children : The ALADDIN birth cohort
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 128:6, s. 1335-1339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Pre- and postnatal stress have been related to allergy in children, but evidence from prospective studies is limited. Several environmental factors can influence the salivary cortisol level, which is used as a measure of activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between salivary cortisol levels at 6 months of age and allergic manifestations during the first 2 years of life.Methods: Salivary samples for the analysis of cortisol level were collected at 6 months of age on 3 occasions during 1 day from 203 children. Blood samples were collected at 6, 12, and 24 months of age for analyses of specific IgE. Information on allergy-related symptoms was obtained by repeated examinations of the children. Generalized estimating equation statistics were used to calculate the overall risk for outcome measures.Results: The adjusted odds ratio for the relationship between morning cortisol level and IgE sensitization was 1.60 (95% CI, 1.22-2.10, P = .001) and for eczema it was 1.28 (95% CI, 1.03-1.59, P = .026). The odds ratio for afternoon cortisol level in relation to sensitization and eczema was 1.56 (95% CI, 1.26-1.94, P < .001) and 1.33 (95% CI, 1.12-1.58, P = .001), respectively, and for evening cortisol level it was 1.49 (95% CI, 1.22-1.83, P < .001) and 1.37 (95% CI, 1.18-1.59, P < .001). Salivary cortisol level in the evening was associated with food allergy.Conclusion: The association between salivary cortisol levels in infancy and allergic sensitization and allergic symptoms suggests a role of an altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the etiological process of allergies.
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