| 1. |
- Hellström, Peter, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical responses and population decline of an avian predator dependent on cyclic prey
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Specialist predators per definition show numerical responses to changes in food supply. Numerical responses are broadly divided into a reproductive response, where reproductive output increases with increased food supply, and an aggregative response caused by breeding suppression and movements. Numerical responses are crucial for understanding predator-prey relations, and also for appropriate management of predator populations. Declining populations of keystone herbivores (voles and lemmings) have been described as a widespread pattern in Europe. Negative effects of dampened small mammal cycles on numerical responses, and thereby population dynamics, have been predicted but so far demonstrated for relatively few specialist predators. We therefore monitored relationships between a common sub-arctic avian predator, the rough-legged buzzard Buteo lagopus, and small rodents in NW Sweden for 19 years (1970-1978 and 2001-2010, 369 observed breeding attempts). Rough-legged buzzards were food-limited and exhibited aggregative and reproductive responses to current rodent abundance in both study periods, but with a weaker coupling in recent years. Density of breeding pairs in rodent peak years was 32-50 % lower in the 2000s than in the 1970s. Further, reproductive output was lower in the 2000s, possibly preventing a population increase. Mean clutch size decreased with 0.77 eggs/clutch (from 4.53 to 3.73, an 18 % reduction), and mean number of fledglings per breeding attempt decreased with 1.08 juveniles/pair (from 3.88 to 2.80, a decrease of 28%). Hatching success and brood survival did not change between 1970s and 2000s, which suggests that reproductive output is constrained by clutch size, rather than by nestling mortality. The observed changes in reproductive parameters support a long-term change in food supply at the onset of breeding as the causal factor. Our study demonstrates the link between predator-prey theory and the declining population-paradigm of conservation biology, illustrating how estimation of numerical responses can be used to predict the outcome of perturbations to predator-prey systems.
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| 2. |
- de Wit, Cynthia A., et al.
(författare)
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Mass balance study of brominated flame retardants in female captive peregrine falcons
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Science-Processes & Impacts. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7887 .- 2050-7895. ; 21:7, s. 1115-1131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about brominated flame retardant (BFR) dynamics in birds, especially large molecules such as decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209). In particular, bioaccumulation from food and transfer dynamics to eggs are poorly understood. Therefore, an input-output mass balance study of tri-decaBDEs, DBDPE and HBCDD was performed in three female peregrine falcons from a captive breeding program by analyzing their naturally contaminated food (quail, chicken (cockerels)), plasma, feces and eggs. Predominant BFRs in cockerels and quail were BDE-209 and DBDPE, as well as HBCDD in quail. The predominant BFRs found in falcon plasma were BDE-209, -153 and -183, in eggs, HBCDD, BDE-209 and -153 and in feces, BDE-209. Mean absorption efficiencies (AE) for the tetra-octabrominated BDEs ranged from 84-100% and 70% for HBCDD. The AEs for BDE-206, -207, -208 and -209 varied due to the large variability seen for feces fluxes. All egg/plasma ratios for BDEs were similar and greater than one (range 1.1-2.7), including for BDE-209, indicating efficient transfer from females to the eggs. Excretion via egg-laying was approximately 6.0-29% of the initial, pre-breeding body burden of individual penta-decaBDE congeners, (15-45% for BDE-206). HBCDD was not detected in plasma but was found in eggs, also indicating efficient transfer and excretion via eggs. Input fluxes from food exceeded the output fluxes (feces, eggs) indicating considerable metabolism for tetra-octaBDEs, possibly also for the nona-decaBDEs and HBCDD. Bioaccumulation factors calculated from lipid weight concentrations in plasma and food (BAF(p)) were highest for BDE-208 (31), -153 (23), -209 (19) and -207 (16) and from eggs and food (BAF(e)), were highest for HBCDD (140), BDE-153 (41), -208 (42), BDE-207 (24) and BDE-209 (21). BAF(e) and BAF(p) values were below 10 for BDE-47, -99 and -100. For one falcon, egg results were available from three different years and estimated half-lives were 65 d (BDE-99), 624 d (BDE-153), 31 d (BDE-154), 349 d (BDE-183), 77 d (BDE-196) and 89 d (BDE-197).
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| 3. |
- Ek, K, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of palladium, platinum and rhodium in birds of prey
- 2005
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Ingår i: Palladium Emissions in the Environment: Analytic, Environmental Assessment and Health Effects.. - : Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York. - 3540292195 ; , s. 537-547
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Ek, Kristine H., 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative tissue distribution of metals in birds in Sweden using ICP-MS and laser ablation ICP-MS
- 2004
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Ingår i: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0090-4341 .- 1432-0703. ; 47:2, s. 259-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cadmium, copper, lead, palladium, platinum, rhodium, and zinc profiles were investigated along feather shafts of raptor and other bird species by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The distribution of external versus internal metal contamination of feathers was investigated. The species examined were peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), willow grouse (Lagopus lagopus), and house sparrow (Passer domesticus) in Sweden. For habitat comparisons, total Cu, Ph, Zn, and Cd concentrations were analyzed by ICP-MS in feathers of the examined species as well as captive peregrine falcon. For investigation of metal distribution and correlation in different biological materials of raptors, total concentrations of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn were also investigated by ICP-MS in feathers, eggs, blood, feces, liver, and kidney of wild peregrine falcon from southwestern Sweden. Laser ablation of feathers revealed that Pb contamination is both external and internal, Zn contamination is internal, and Cd and Cu contamination is predominantly internal, with a few externally attached particles of high concentration. Pb, Cu, and Cd signal intensities were highest in urban habitats and contamination was mainly external in feathers. The background signal intensity of Zn was also higher in birds from urban habitats. The laser ablation profile of PGE (Pt, Pd, Rh) demonstrated that PGE contamination of feathers consists almost exclusively of externally attached PGE-containing particles, with little evidence of internally deposited PGE. Generally, total metal concentrations in feathers were highest in sparrowhawk and house sparrow due to their urban habitat. Total Cu, Zn, and Cd concentrations were highest in liver and kidney due to binding to metallothionein, while the total Pb concentration was highest in feces due to the high excretion rate of Pb. A decreasing temporal trend for Pb in feathers, showing that Pb levels in feathers have decreased since the introduction of nonleaded petrol, is also discussed.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Ek, Kristine H., 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Platinum group elements in raptor eggs, faeces, blood, liver and kidney
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 334-335, s. 149-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increased use of platinum group elements (PGE) in automobile catalysts and their emission into the environment has lead to a concern over environmental and particularly biological accumulation. Specimens of samples from raptors are useful for the investigation of the impact of PGE because these birds are found in both urban and rural environments and are invariably at the top of the food chain. Platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh) concentrations were determined by quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) in eggs of the sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) and the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), and in blood, liver and kidney of the peregrine falcon, while only Pt was determined in faeces of the peregrine falcon and the gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus). PGE concentrations were higher in blood compared to both faeces and eggs, while liver and kidney concentrations were not elevated indicating no bioaccumulation through metallothionein pathways. A significant spatial trend could only be established for Pt in faeces. The general lack of a spatial trend is probably due to the widespread distribution of automobiles and the long-range transport of nanoparticles containing PGE, and because birds migrate and forage over large areas. No significant temporal trend could be established. Higher relative concentrations of Pd, followed by Rh and Pt, indicates a mobility gradient of Pd >> Rh > Pt.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Mats O.G., et al.
(författare)
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Breeding success of the Black-throated Diver Gavia arctica inside and outside bird sanctuaries in Lakes Fegen and Sottern
- 2005
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Ingår i: ORNIS SVECICA. ; 15, s. 212-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compared the breeding success of Black-throated Divers Gavia arctica inside and outside bird sanctuaries with restricted public access during the incubation period in Lake Fegen-Svansjöarna and Lake Sottern, South Sweden. Both lakes held populations of approximately 15–20 pairs. At Fegen-Svansjöarna, average breeding success was 0.51 large chicks per pair and year inside and 0.27 outside the sanctuaries (field surveys in 1983–1984 and 1997–2000). The difference was not statistically significant, however, and in two out of the six study years breeding success was higher outside the bird sanctuaries. At Sottern, breeding success was 0.39 and 0.25 large chicks per pair and year inside and outside the bird sanctuary, but breeding success was higher inside the sanctuary only in four out of nine years, 1997–2005. The results from the two lakes together indicated an overall positive effect (P = 0.08). We recommend keeping a constant water-level during incubation to be the primary measure to enhance breeding success. Sanctuaries with limited access may be an additional benefit at lakes highly frequented for out-door recreation.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Mats O.G., et al.
(författare)
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Mercury exposure to Red-throated Divers Gavia stellata and Black-throated Divers Gavia arctica in Sweden. : Kvicksilverbelastningen hos svenska smålommar Gavia stellata och storlommar Gavia arctica
- 2005
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Ingår i: ORNIS SVECICA. ; 15, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated concentration of mercury in eggs of Redthroated Diver Gavia stellata and Black-throated Diver Gavia arctica collected in South and Central Sweden, 1981–1997. In South Sweden (Sydsvenska Höglandet), mean concentration in Red-throated Diver eggs was remarkably high (6.84 ppm dry weight, 5 pairs), or more than three times as high as in Black-throated Diver eggs (2.11 ppm dry weight, 16 pairs). In Central Sweden (Svealand), the concentration in Red-throated Diver eggs (3.04 ppm dry weight, 8 pairs) was significantly lower than in South Sweden, but still higher than in Blackthroated Diver eggs (1.21 ppm dry weight, 5 pairs). In Black-throated, but not in Red-throated Diver, there was higher mercury concentrations in eggs from pairs fishing in lakes affected by acidification. We found no relationship between mercury and breeding success, although concentrations in single Red-throated Diver eggs exceeded the level associated with high risk of impaired reproduction. We recommend that mercury concentration of diver eggs should be further monitored, with reference to the risks of increased exposure, related to leakage from terrestrial deposits of air-borne transmissions to freshwater habitats.
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, M.O.G., et al.
(författare)
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Projekt Lom 1999. Fågelåret 1999.
- 2000
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Ingår i: SOF 2000. Fågelåret 1999. Stockholm. ; , s. 34-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
- Eriksson, M.O.G., et al.
(författare)
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Projekt Lom 2000. Fågelåret 2000.
- 2001
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Ingår i: SOF 2001. Fågelåret 2000. Stockholm. ; , s. 46-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
- Eriksson, M.O.G., et al.
(författare)
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Projekt Lom 2001. Fågelåret 2001
- 2002
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Ingår i: SOF 2002. Fågelåret 2001. Stockholm. ; , s. 47-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
- Franke, A., et al.
(författare)
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Status and trends of circumpolar peregrine falcon and gyrfalcon populations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 49:3, s. 762-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and the gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) are top avian predators of Arctic ecosystems. Although existing monitoring efforts are well established for both species, collaboration of activities among Arctic scientists actively involved in research of large falcons in the Nearctic and Palearctic has been poorly coordinated. Here we provide the first overview of Arctic falcon monitoring sites, present trends for long-term occupancy and productivity, and summarize information describing abundance, distribution, phenology, and health of the two species. We summarize data for 24 falcon monitoring sites across the Arctic, and identify gaps in coverage for eastern Russia, the Arctic Archipelago of Canada, and East Greenland. Our results indicate that peregrine falcon and gyrfalcon populations are generally stable, and assuming that these patterns hold beyond the temporal and spatial extents of the monitoring sites, it is reasonable to suggest that breeding populations at broader scales are similarly stable. We have highlighted several challenges that preclude direct comparisons of Focal Ecosystem Components (FEC) attributes among monitoring sites, and we acknowledge that methodological problems cannot be corrected retrospectively, but could be accounted for in future monitoring. Despite these drawbacks, ample opportunity exists to establish a coordinated monitoring program for Arctic-nesting raptor species that supports CBMP goals.
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| 14. |
- Gunnarsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Zero Prevalence of Influenza A Virus in Two Raptor Species by Standard Screening
- 2010
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Ingår i: Vector-borne and zoonotic diseases. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1530-3667 .- 1557-7759. ; 10:4, s. 387-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disease can have sever impact on animal populations, especially in rare species. Baseline data for atypical host species are missing for a range of infectious diseases, although such hosts are potentially more affected than the normal vectors and reservoir species. If highly pathogenic avian influenza strikes rare birds of prey, this may have crucial impact on the predator species itself, but also on the food web in which it interacts. Here we present the first large-scale screening of raptors that regularly consume birds belonging to the natural reservoir of influenza A viruses. Influenza A virus prevalence was studied in two rare raptors, the white-tailed sea eagle (Haliaetus albicilla) and the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus). Nestlings were screened for active (181 white-tailed sea eagles and 168 peregrine falcons) and past (123 white-tailed sea eagles and 6 peregrine falcons) infection in 2006-2007, and an additional 20 succumbed adult white-tailed sea eagles were sampled in 2003-2006. Neither high- nor low-pathogenic influnza infections were found in our sample, but this does not rule out that the former may have major impact on rare raptors and their food webs.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Hake, M., et al.
(författare)
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The impact of water level fluctuation on the breeding success of the Black-throated Diver Gavia arctica in South-west Sweden
- 2005
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Ingår i: Ornis Fennica. - 0030-5685. ; 82:1, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the impact of water level fluctuation on the breeding success of the Black-throated Diver in South-west Sweden by using results from a one-year study of 43 lakes (49 pairs) in 1996 and surveys of a population of 16-22 pairs at the lake system Fegen-Svansjoarna in 1997-2000. At this lake system, the water level is regulated (for hydropower production) with a maximum amplitude of 1.75 m. In 1997 2000, an attempt was made to maintain a stable water level during the period 1 May-15 June. Flooding was the most important cause of breeding failure at the 43 lakes, whereas no failure could be related to this factor at Fegen-Svansjoarna. In the 43 lakes, the change in median water level during incubation was +6 cm for five flooded nests, compared to -5 cm for 14 hatched clutches and -6 cm for 13 clutches that failed because of other or unknown causes. The mean breeding success at Fegen-Svansjoarna was on the same level as for South-west Sweden in general during 1997-2000 (0.44 and 0.38 chicks per pair and year, respectively), but was higher than for the four years before the attempt to keep the water level stable (0.22 chicks). We conclude that flooding is a main cause of nesting failure, that rainfall is the main factor behind the water level fluctuations, and that the regulation of the water level for hydropower production may have an additional negative impact on some takes. Control of the water level during the incubation period may help to reduce the risk of failure caused by flooding, and Our results support previous recommendations to allow for a rise of only a few centimetres or a lowering of a maximum of 20-30 cm during the incubation period.
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| 17. |
- Holmström, Katrin E., et al.
(författare)
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Temporal Trends of Perfluorinated Surfactants in Swedish Peregrine Falcon Eggs (Falco peregrinus), 1974-2007
- 2010
-
Ingår i: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 44:11, s. 4083-4088
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are today known to beglobally distributed environmental contaminants. In the present study, concentrations of PFAS were analyzed in Swedish peregrine falcon eggs (Falco peregrinus), collected between 1974and2007.Analytesincludedinthestudywereperfluorinated carboxylates (PFCAs; carbon chain lengths C6-C15), perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs; C4, C6, C8, and C10), and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA). The predominant PFAS was perfluorooctane sulfonate, PFOS (83 ng/g wet weight (w wt) mean concentration in samples from 2006), followed by perfluorotridecanoate, PFTriA (7.2 ng/g w wt) and perfluoroundecanoate, PFUnA (4.2 ng/g w wt). PFCA concentrations increased exponentially over the studied time. In contrast, concentrations of PFOS and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) increased initially but leveled off after the mid 1980s. This is different from previously observed temporal trends in marine organisms. The present study is the first to establish temporal trends for PFAS in terrestrial biota. The results indicate potential differences between marine and terrestrial biota regarding sources of PFAS exposure and response to emission changes. The toxicological implications of PFAS exposure for the falcons are not known, but according to recent findings impaired hatching success and sublethal toxicological effects from PFOS exposure in the Swedish peregrine falcon cannot be ruled out.
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| 18. |
- Janák, K, et al.
(författare)
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Enantiomer-specific accumulation of hexabromocyclododecanes in eggs of predatory birds
- 2008
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535. ; 73:1, Supplement 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diastereomeric composition of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in eggs of peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), white-tailed sea eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), guillemot (Uria aalge) and common tern (Sterna hirundo) as well as the guillemots’ main prey, herring (Clupea harengus) was determined by reversed-phase chromatography with triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometric detection (LC–MS–MS). α-HBCD was the predominant diastereomer in all bird species, while in herring, γ-HBCD made a substantial contribution. Two, as yet unidentified diastereomers, were detected in common tern egg. The α-, β- and γ-HBCD (+) and (−) enantiomers were separated using a chiral stationary phase. The enantiomer fractions for α-HBCD differed substantially between different bird species as well as between guillemot and its prey, herring. Total HBCD levels determined by LC–MS–MS were comparable to those previously obtained by GC–MS.
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| 19. |
- Jensen, Kristine H., 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Platinum group elements in the feathers of raptors and their prey
- 2002
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Ingår i: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. ; 42, s. 338-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh) concentrations were determined in the feathers of three raptor species in Sweden; the sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and the gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus), as well as the main prey of the sparrowhawk (the house sparrow, Passer domesticus) and the gyrfalcon (the willow grouse, Lagopus lagopus).The analysis of feathers from 1917-1999 revealed a clear temporal trend, with significantly higher Rh concentrations in sparrowhawk and peregrine falcon after 1986. There is evidence for increasing PGE concentrations from 1917 to 1999 in peregrine falcon and sparrowhawk. This suggests that feathers reflect increased platinum group element (PGE) concentrations in the environment over this time period. Mean concentrations of PGE in feathers of raptors after 1986 ranged from 0.3 to 1.8 ngg-1 for Pt, 0.6 to 2.1 ngg-1 for Pd (indicative values), and 0.1 to 0.6 ngg-1 for Rh. House sparrows in urban areas had significantly higher Pt and Pd concentrations than urban sparrowhawks. The higher Pd concentrations in relation to Pt and Rh may indicate the greater mobility of Pd in the environment. Although PGE concentrations are generally higher in birds living in urban areas, no significant spatial trend could be established. This is partly due to the widespread distribution of automobiles and partly because birds forage and integrate PGE exposure over large areas. Laser ablation analysis demonstrates that PGE contamination of feathers is predominantly external, consisting of small particles in the nanometer size range. Other indications of external contamination are that Pt and Pd levels are significantly higher in the vane than in the shaft and that PGE relative ratios (except Pd) reflect urban particles.
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| 20. |
- Johansson, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Polybrominated diphenyl ether congener patterns, hexabromocyclododecane, and brominated biphenyl 153 in eggs of peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) breeding in Sweden.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. - : SETAC. - 0730-7268 .- 1552-8618. ; 28:1, s. 9-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous analyses of 52 peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) eggs collected from two wild and one captive population in Sweden 1987 through 1999 were complemented by including additional polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners (BDE-35, -183, -184, -185, -196, -197, -203, and -207). In addition, 31 eggs not previously analyzed for hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and BDE-209 were analyzed for these. Geometric mean concentrations of BPBDEs, HBCD, and the hexabrominated biphenyl (BB-153) were 3,100, 140, and 81 ng/g of lipid weight for the southern population; 2,500, 110, and 84 ng/g of lipid weight for the northern population; and 47, not detected, and 8 ng/g of lipid weight for the captive population. The BDE congener pattern was dominated by BDE-153, -99, and -100. The results were used to investigate whether a difference in PBDE congener pattern could be distinguished between the two wild populations of peregrine falcons due to different diets, as the southern population preys mainly on birds belonging to the terrestrial food chain while the northern population preys more on aquatic birds. A multivariate t-test showed a subtle but significant (p < 0.001) difference in PBDE congener pattern between the two populations. However, our hypothesis that higher-brominated congeners of PBDEs would be present to a greater extent in the terrestrial food chain was not supported by principal component analysis. The average brood size for individual females from the southern population decreased with increasing concentrations of IPBDE in the eggs (log-linear regression p < 0.01).
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| 21. |
- Johansson, AK, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal trends of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in Swedish Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus peregrinus) eggs
- 2011
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Ingår i: ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 37:4, s. 678-686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A temporal trend study of brominated flame retardants in eggs from peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus peregrinus), a terrestrial bird of prey, is presented. Eggs collected between 1974 and 2007 were analyzed for the major constituents of the Penta-, Octa- and Decabromodiphenyl ether technical products (BDE-47, -99, -100, -153, -183 and -209), and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). Concentrations of BDE-99, -100, -153, -183, -209 and HBCD increased from 1974 to 2000. After the early 2000s, BDE-99, -100, -153 and -183 concentrations decreased, whereas BDE-209 and HBCD concentrations continued to increase. No temporal trend was detected for BDE-47. Rates of increase also differed, with BDE-99 and -100 increasing 3-fold between the 1980s and mid-1990s, and BDE-153 and -183 increasing approximately 10-fold during the same period. The average yearly increase was 15% and 11% for BDE-209 and HBCD, respectively, based on log-linear regression trends. There is a change in BDE congener patterns over time, with a shift from the predominance of BDE-99 and -47 until the late 1980s, to BDE-153 becoming the predominant congener later on. BFR temporal trends in Swedish peregrine falcon eggs reflect European BFR usage patterns.
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| 22. |
- Lindberg, Peter, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Captive breeding and restocking of the Peregrine Falcon in Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Peregrine Falcon Populations- Status and Perpspectives in the 21st Century. - Warsaw_Poznan : Turul Publisher @ Poznan Univeristy of Life Science Press. - 9788392096962 ; , s. 677-694
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish captive breeding-programme started in 1974 and is still running. In the period 1974-2007 a total of 90 Peregrine Falcons (only of the subspecies F.p.peregrinus from wild pairs in Sweden, Norway, Finland and Scotland have been used). No falconry birds with uncertain pedigree were used. Of 49 females 34 laid a total of 1368 eggs, 605 were fertile and 439 young survived until fledging. Average age for egglaying females was 4,8 years and for females producing fertile eggs 6,2 years. Males were on average 7,5 years when sexually mature. Average production of fertile eggs peaked at 8 years and then declined. Average life-time for females was 12 years and the oldest egg-laying female was 16 years. The most productive female produced 54 young. Nestlings (n=279) were released at 26 hack-sites in SW Sweden in 1982-1997. 14% died or were hurt and taken care of within two months of release, while 86% survived until migration started in September-October. A minimum of 8% of released birds was later observed as breeding adults. No significant difference in survival was found between hacked and wild nestlings. The release of falcons was crucial for the positive population increase observed in SW Sweden and SE Norway in 1990´s and 2000´s.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Lindberg, Peter, 1944
(författare)
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Falcon project to Nordens Ark
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nordens Ark Foundation, Annual report 2000. ; , s. 28-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 26. |
- Lindberg, Peter, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Higher brominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane found in eggs of peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) breeding in Sweden
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Environmental Science & Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 38:1, s. 93-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several brominated flame retardants (BFRs) were analyzed in peregrine falcon eggs collected in 1987-1999, including the constituents of the technical polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) products Penta (BDE-47, -99, -100, -153, -154), Octa (BDE-183), and Deca (BDE-209), hexabrominated biphenyl (BB-153), and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). The eggs represented females from three different breeding populations, northern Sweden, southwestern Sweden, and a captive breeding population. All BFRs analyzed for were found, including BDE-183 and -209, and concentrations were much higher in wild falcons (geometric mean SigmaPBDE, BB-153, and HBCD for northern/southern populations of 2200/2700, 82/77, and 150/250 ng/g lw, respectively) than in captive falcons (39, 8 ng/g lw, and not detected, respectively). This is the first time, to our knowledge, that BDE-183 and -209 have been quantified in high trophic level wildlife.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Lindberg, Peter, 1944
(författare)
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Mercury and Divers- a review
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Loon Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Lindberg, Peter, 1944
(författare)
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Slecthvalk in Zweden in 2005
- 2006
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Ingår i: Slechtvalk Nieuwsbrief 2006. ; :Jaargang 12, s. 13-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
- Lindberg, Peter, 1944
(författare)
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The fall and the rise of the Swedish Peregrine population.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Peregrine Falcon Populations - Status and Perspectives in the 21 st Century. - Warzawa_Poznan : Turul Publishers @Poznan Univeristy of Life Science Press. - 9788392096962 ; , s. 137-144
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish Peregrine-population increased with 5-10% annually in the 1990´s as a combined result of lower levels of OCs and mercury in prey species and management with captive breeding and release of young esp. in SW Sweden. Estimated population size in 2007 was >175 pairs. Productivity has increased since the 1970´s and average brood-size for successful pairs in 2000-2007 was between 2,2-2,7. Males in SW Sweden started to breed at 2,7 years and females at 1,9 years. Females had on average 1,6 partners during the life-time while males had 1,3 partners
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| 42. |
- Lindberg, Peter, 1944
(författare)
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Vitryggsprojektet går in i en ny fas
- 2003
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Ingår i: Stiftelsen Nordens Ark. Årsberättelse 2002. ; , s. 28-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Nesje, M, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variability in peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) analysed by microsatellites.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Raptors in the new Millenium, eds. Yosef,R., Miller, M.L. & Pepler D. International Birding & Research Center in Eilat, Israel.. ; , s. 206-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variability and population structure in the endangered Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) were studied using DNA microsatellite markers. Special emphasis was placed on the subspecies F.p.peregrinus living in Scandinavia and Scotland. The species was almost extirpated as a breeding bird in southeastern Norway and southwestern Sweden in the 1970´s before a recovery programme was initiated. We compared the level of genetic variability of peregrines from the southern area to those found in the northern part of Scandinavia where the decline was less severe. For comparative purposes, three North American peregrine subspecis (F.p.tundrius, F.p.pealei, F.p. anatum) and one Tasmania subspecies (F.p. macropus) were included in this analyses. Twelve DNA microsatellite loci (developed from the peregrine falcon) were analysed across a total of 146 individuals. The amount of genetic variation did not differ in the peregrine populations, except for Tasmania with a significant lower genetic variability. Significant genetic differentiation was found between populations in northern and southern Scandinavia and between the Scandinavian and Scottish populations, while the populations in south-western Norway and south-eastern Sweden did not differ significantly. Analysis of cliff nesting peregrines in northern Sweden and bog nesting peregrines in northern Finland/Sweden suggests that the difference in nesting habitat is not associated with genetic differentiation. Population structuring in F.p.peregrinus is further supported by an assignment test, wherein simulated genotypes are correctly assigned to the northern and southern Scandinavian and Scottish populations with relatively high probabilities, and by analysis of allele-sharing among individuals. Cluster analyses of genetic distances grouped populations of peregrines in accordance with their subspecific designation. F.p.macropus clusters distinctly from the other four subspecies, and peregrines on either side of the Atlantic Ocean were clearly separated. Except for the Tasmanian population, the markers show a high resolving power for parentage and identity analysis, confirming their usefulness as a tool for various research and management purposes over a range of populations and subspecies.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Palmgren, Helena, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Salmonella Aamager, Campylobacter jejuni, and urease-positive thermophilic Campylobacter found in free-flying peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Wildlife Diseases. - : Wildlife Disease Association. - 0090-3558 .- 1943-3700. ; 40:3, s. 583-587
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rare species with small population sizes are vulnerable to perturbations such as disease, inbreeding, or random events. The threat arising from microbial pathogens could be large and other species could act as reservoirs for pathogens. We report finding three enteric bacterial species, Salmonella Amager, Campylobacter jejuni, and urease-positive thermophilic Campylobacter, in nestling free-flying peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) in Sweden in 2000. Cainpylobacterfied inarked genetic similarities to an isolate froin a human, providing a possible association between a human-associated strain of this bacterinin and peregrine falcons.
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| 47. |
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