| 1. |
- Chew, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
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Increased plasma levels of heparin-binding protein in patients with shock: a prospective, cohort study.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Inflammation Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1420-908X .- 1023-3830. ; 61:4, s. 375-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is a potent inducer of increased vascular permeability. The purpose of this study was to examine plasma levels of HBP in patients with shock. DESIGN: Fifty-three consecutive patients with septic and non-septic shock at a mixed-bed intensive care unit were included, as well as 20 age-matched controls. Patients with local infections but without signs of shock served as infectious controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine plasma levels of HBP. RESULTS: There were no differences in serum HBP levels between healthy controls and those with local infections, including urinary tract infections, pneumonia and gastroenteritis, without shock. Levels of HBP were higher in patients with non-septic shock and septic shock than healthy controls. However, there was no difference in serum HBP levels between patients with septic shock and those with non-septic shock. Moreover, HBP levels were not different between patients with low and high APACHE II scores. Plasma levels of HBP were similar in surviving and non-surviving patients with shock. CONCLUSIONS: HBP is elevated in patients with shock from septic and non-septic etiologies. Future investigations are required to define the functional role of HBP in patients with shock.
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| 2. |
- Kullman, Eric, et al.
(författare)
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Covered versus uncovered self-expandable nitinol stents in the palliative treatment of malignant distal biliary obstruction: results from a randomized, multicenter study
- 2010
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Ingår i: GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY. - : Elsevier Science B. V., Amsterdam. - 0016-5107 .- 1097-6779. ; 72:5, s. 915-923
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Covered biliary metal stents have been developed to prevent tumor ingrowth. Previous comparative studies are limited and often include few patients. Objective: To compare differences in stent patency, patient survival, and complication rates between covered and uncovered nitinol stents in patients with malignant biliary obstruction. Design: Randomized, multicenter trial conducted between January 2006 and October 2008. Setting: Ten sites serving a total catchment area of approximately 2.8 million inhabitants. Patients: A total of 400 patients with unresectable distal malignant biliary obstruction. Interventions: ERCP with insertion of covered or uncovered metal stent. Follow-up conducted monthly for symptoms indicating stent obstruction. Main Outcome Measurements: Time to stent failure, survival time, and complication rate. Results: The patient survival times were 116 days (interquartile range 242 days) and 174 days (interquartile range 284 days) in the covered and uncovered stent groups, respectively (P = .320). The first quartile stent patency time was 154 days in the covered stent group and 199 days in the uncovered stent group (P = .326). There was no difference in the incidence of pancreatitis or cholecystitis between the 2 groups. Stent migration occurred in 6 patients (3%) in the covered group and in no patients in the uncovered group (P = .030). Limitations: Randomization was not blinded. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in stent patency time, patient survival time, or complication rates between covered and uncovered nitinol metal stents in the palliative treatment of malignant distal biliary obstruction. However, covered stents migrated significantly more often compared with uncovered stents, and tumor ingrowth was more frequent in uncovered stents.
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| 3. |
- Lagerqvist, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes 1 year after thrombus aspiration for myocardial infarction.
- 2014
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 371:12, s. 1111-1120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Routine intracoronary thrombus aspiration before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has not been proved to reduce short-term mortality. We evaluated clinical outcomes at 1 year after thrombus aspiration.
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| 4. |
- Linder, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of gender, height, weight, age, seated position and collision site related to neck pain symptoms in rear end impacts
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 IRCOBI Conference Proceedings. ; , s. 235-248
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rear end vehicle collisions can result in occupants suffering neck pain symptoms of varying degree and duration. These injuries are generally called whiplash injuries and they are common and costly. This study analyses the occurance and duration of neck pain symptoms of one particular vehicle make with focus on the influence of occupant specific information. Data collected from a Swedish vehicle make, model year 1993 up to model year 2007 at a maximum of three years old, were analysed. The results from this study show that passengers are more likely than drivers to suffer neck pain symptoms, in crashes that occurred in that particular make of car. No significant differences in risk related to age, gender weight, and height could be identified, except for: Females aged 35-44 had higher risk to have long and medium term neck pain symptoms than males in the same group of age. Males aged >=65 had higher risk to have long and medium term neck pain symptoms than males aged 35-44. Females in group "Braking" had higher risk of any type of neck pain symptoms than males. Where the occupant was seated in the front seat of the carinfluenced the occurance of neck pain symptoms and their duration for both males and females, with passengers posing a higher risk of suffering neck pain symptoms compared to drivers. Of the drivers, 17 percent reported neck pain symptoms compared to 44 percent of the passengers. When grouped into the categories males and females, 15 percent of the male and 19 percent of the female drivers reported neck pain symptoms compared to 44 percent of the male and 43 percent of the female passengers. With respect to the different collision sites, rear end collisions at traffic lights most often resulted in occupants reporting neck pain symptoms. Collisions in roundabouts most often resulted in different impact scenarios and occupants reported suffering neck pain symptoms of mid and long term duration. The result of this study indicates the need for improved understanding of the differences between driver and passenger response in different driving scenarios. In addition, occupant charactersisics should also be studied.
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| 5. |
- Linder, Tomas
(författare)
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Light Scattering in Fiber-based Materials : a foundation for characterization of structural properties
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Deeper knowledge of light propagation in fiber-based materials is fundamental in order to understand their optical appearance as well as for industrial applications. Light scattering measurements are appropriate in handling dynamic industrial environments and can provide information regarding structural properties. In general, on-line property measurements are best utilized by establishing an understanding of the underlying physics and using that knowledge in an optimal way to determine the parameters or properties sought after. Light scattering is affected by numerous parameters such as size, shape, concentration and refractive index of the scattering particles as well as the waveleng th of the incident source. In addition, anisotropic light diffusion in media which have a directional-dependency, such as structured fiber-based materials, are neither well understood nor well investigated.By approximating cellulose fibers as infinitely long, straigth cylinders it is possible to use an analytical solution to Maxwell’s equations to describe the scattering characteristics such as phase functions and scattering efficiency. This makes it possible to utilize both the wave nature of light and structural properties of the fiber network when modelling multiple light scattering. The developed model solves the radiative transfer equation numerically using theMonte Carlo method resulting in a description of multiple scattering in a sphere-cylinder media.The results show that scattering media consisting of infinite long, straigth, homogeneous or hollow cylinders scatter light very differently as compared with a media consisting of spherical particles. Both scattered intensity and the degree of depolarization are affected by a strong forward scattering behavior observed for cylindrical particles. This strong forward scattering behavior was also found to enhance lateral scattering in paper, and therefore predicts a larger extent of lateral light scattering than models using rotationally invariant single scattering phase functions. A strong relationship between anisotropic diffusion and to degree of in-plane fiber orientation was also observed using both measurements and simulations. In conclusion, it was found that the approximation of cellulose fibers as infinitely long, straigth cylinders is reasonable when modelling scattering in paper. The findings indicate that parameters such as geometrical properties, particle composition, fiber orientation and fiber orientation variations can be measured by monitoring scattered light intensity. The obtained knowledge provides a base for further development of on-line sensing techniques that meet industrial requirements. Since the theory is general, it is likewise relevant and applicable to other areas of material science where imaging or remote sensing techniques are of interest.
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| 6. |
- Reizenstein, Johan A., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of age at diagnosis on prognosis and treatment in laryngeal cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Head and Neck. - : Wiley. - 1043-3074 .- 1097-0347. ; 32:8, s. 1062-1068
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND.: The aims of this study were to analyze how age affects treatment and treatment outcome, and to determine whether tumor characteristics differ between different age groups with laryngeal cancer. METHODS.: Patients with laryngeal cancer during 1978-2004 in the Uppsala-Orebro region in Sweden were retrospectively studied. RESULTS.: There were no significant differences in the 945 cases between age groups concerning major patient and tumor characteristics, such as male/female ratio, distribution of glottic/supraglottic tumors, stage, or site of recurrence. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were worse among the oldest, although a significant proportion was cured. Relapse risk was lower among the oldest (12%) compared with the youngest (23%). The risk of never becoming tumor-free was 25% among the oldest and 7% in the youngest. Among the most elderly, only 1 late recurrence occurred. CONCLUSION.: Elderly patients with laryngeal carcinoma cope well with treatment. Undertreatment may determine outcome more than age. The oldest group should be followed for a minimum of 2 years.
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| 7. |
- Reizenstein, Johan A, et al.
(författare)
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Time trends in T3 to T4 laryngeal cancer : a population-based long-term analysis.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Head and Neck. - : Wiley. - 1043-3074 .- 1097-0347. ; 36:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A decline in laryngectomies and survival in laryngeal cancer has been reported, especially among patients with advanced tumors.METHODS: Of 1058 patients with laryngeal cancer diagnosed from 1978 to 2007 in the Uppsala-Örebro region in Sweden, 263 T3 to T4 tumors treated with curative intent were studied retrospectively. Two time periods were defined, 1978 to 1992 and 1993 to 2007.RESULTS: Glottic tumors decreased constituting 68.6% of cases in 1978 to 1992 and 47.9% in 1993 to 2007. Laryngectomies were performed in 38.8% and 34.5% in the corresponding time periods. The use of laryngectomy was not strongly prognostic. A decline in overall survival (OS) over time could only be identified for the first year of follow-up. Chemotherapy was only used in a minority of cases.CONCLUSION: The marked decrease of glottic site may mark a shift in etiology. Laryngectomy was not strongly associated with improved survival. The absence of improved survival calls for intensified research.
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| 8. |
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