| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Barker-Ruchti, Natalie, 1971, et al.
(author)
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Shifting, crossing and transforming gender boundaries in physical cultures
- 2016
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In: Sport in Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1743-0437 .- 1743-0445. ; 19:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- At the 2013 conference “Gender in Physical Culture” of the ‘Transnational Working Group for the Study of Gender and Sport’, held at the University of Gothenburg, a number of presentations related to how individuals, groups of individuals and organizations challenge and change dominant gender discourses and practices. Several of these presentations have come to form this volume on ‘Gender in Physical Culture: Crossing Boundaries – Reconstituting Cultures’. To begin the volume, the following article outlines how the seven contributions are connected. We present Lamont and Molnàr’s (2002) idea of ‘boundaries’, which they consider as visible and invisible socially constructed borders that create social differences. Such boundaries are, however, malleable. We propose that this flexibility means that ‘gender boundaries in physical cultures’ can be shifted, crossed and transformed. The case studies included in this edition present concrete examples of how this is possible.
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| 3. |
- Bittlingmayer, Uwe H., et al.
(author)
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Health Promotion of Refugees – Empirical Evidence from Approaches in two European Countries
- 2019
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In: 9th Nordic Health Promotion Research Conference. ; , s. 39-40
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The migration of many people to European countries in the last years created various challenges and evoked diverse responses. But rarely, lessons learned and good practice for health promotion interventions are exchanged between countries nor common solutions sought. In this workshop, we will shed light on the health situations of refugees in Sweden and Germany, and present four research projects regarding the health of refugees.Initially, we will outline the situation for refugees in the two countries generally, provide ample evidence on the health needs and particular burden of refugees, and discuss the increasing influence of racism. Finally, we will discuss the issue health promotion of refugees, needs, approaches, limitations.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Fröberg, Andreas, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Effects of an Empowerment-Based Health-Promotion School Intervention on Physical Activity and Sedentary Time among Adolescents in a Multicultural Area
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - Basel : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 15:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Physical activity (PA) decreases with age, and interventions are needed to promote PA during adolescence, especially, among those in low-socioeconomic status (SES) areas. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a two-year, empowerment-based health-promotion school intervention had any effects on changes in (a) moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), (b) sedentary time (SED), (c) exercise training (ET) frequency, and (d) ET duration, among adolescents. Participants (aged 12-13 years at baseline) from one intervention school and two control schools, were recruited from a multicultural area of Sweden, characterized by low-SES. During the course of the two-year intervention, a total of 135 participants (43% boys) were included in the study. The intervention was developed and implemented as a result of cooperation and shared decision-making among the researchers and the participants. MVPA and SED were measured with accelerometers, and ET frequency and duration was self-reported at the beginning of the seventh, eighth, and ninth grade, respectively. There were no significant effects of the two-year, empowerment-based health-promotion school intervention on changes in the accelerometer-measured MVPA and SED, or the self-reported ET frequency and duration, among the adolescents. Overall, the intervention was unsuccessful at promoting PA and reducing SED. Several possible explanations for the intervention's lack of effects are discussed.
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| 7. |
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Gender in physical culture
- 2017
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This volume outlines existing research relating to gender in physical culture. The introductory chapter employs Lamont and Molnar's (2002) idea of 'boundaries' as visible and invisible socially constructed borders that create social differences, as the theoretical framework for the book. Seven empirically-driven case studies follow which, on the one hand, demonstrate how boundary 'work' has taken and is taking place at the level of media, institutions, communities and individuals; and on the other hand, show how individuals, groups of individuals and organisations challenge and change dominant gender discourses and practices. The wide variety of rich case materials reveal how gender ideals not only normalize, but are actively and purposefully negotiated and transformed to create individualised and inclusive physical culture contexts. The final chapter explores how the book builds on and extends existing gender and physical culture research. This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal Sport in Society.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hildingh, Cathrine, 1949-, et al.
(author)
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Health promotion in nursing education : Attitudes among nurse students
- 2015
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In: Acta Biomedica. - Fidenza : L'Ateneo Parmense. - 0392-4203. ; 86, s. 91-96
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) European Strategy for Nursing and Midwifery has called for the explicit inclusion and application of health promotion in all nursing curricula. However, research indicates that there are deficiencies in nursing education regarding health promotion in both the theoretical and practical elements of education. Insight into the experiences of European nursing students’ attitudes, positive or negative, about working in health promotion may provide a clue whether health promotion will be regarded as an important task and to what extent it will have priority in different parts of Europe. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare Italian and Swedish nursing students’ attitudes towards health promotion practice on matriculation to nursing school and after a three-year nursing education, and to explore whether attitudes towards health promotion practice correlate with BMI and smoking. Method: The study involved students who started their nursing education in autumn 2009 (n =240). Data were collected via a questionnaire. Results: The results show that the Swedish students had a more positive stance on health promotion than Italian students did. After completion of a three-year nursing education programme, Italian students’ attitudes on health promotion had improved, while no such development was seen in Sweden. Further, no correlation between lifestyle issues and attitudes to health promotion was found. Conclusion: Health promotion in nursing education may have important influence on students’ attitudes and thereby on the quantity and quality of future health promotion practice. © Mattioli 1885.
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| 11. |
- Holmberg, Christopher, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Empowering aspects for healthy food and physical activity habits : adolescents’ experiences of a school-based intervention in a disadvantaged urban community
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 13:sup1: Equal Health
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose:This study aimed to describe adolescents’ experiences of participating in a health-promoting school-based intervention regarding food and physical activity, with a focus on empowering aspects. Method:The school was located in a urban disadvantaged community in Sweden, characterized by poorer self-reported health and lower life expectancy than the municipality average. Focus group interviews with adolescents (29 girls, 20 boys, 14–15 years) and their teachers (n = 4) were conducted two years after intervention. Data were categorized using qualitative content analysis. Results: A theme was generated, intersecting with all the categories: Gaining control over one’s health: deciding, trying, and practicing together, in new ways, using reflective tools. The adolescents appreciated influencing the components of the intervention and collaborating with peers in active learning activities such as practicing sports and preparing meals. They also reported acquiring new health information, that trying new activities was inspiring, and the use of pedometers and photo-food diaries helped them reflect on their health behaviours. The adolescents’ experiences were also echoed by their teachers. Conclusions: To facilitate empowerment and stimulate learning, health-promotion interventions targeting adolescents could enable active learning activities in groups, by using visualizing tools to facilitate self-reflection, and allowing adolescents to influence intervention activities.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Håman, Linn, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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"If it's not Iron it's Iron f*cking biggest Ironman": personal trainers' views on health norms, orthorexia and deviant behaviours
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being. - Abingdon : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Orthorexia nervosa (ON) describes a pathological obsession with healthy eating to avoid ill health. In the Swedish context, ON is also understood in terms of unhealthy exercise. Fitness gyms are popular health-promoting places, but exercise-related problems, disordered eating and ON-like behaviour are increasing. Personal trainers (PTs) play an important role in detecting unhealthy behaviours. The aim of the present study was to illuminate PTs' under-standings of healthy and unhealthy exercise and eating behaviours in relation to orthorexia nervosa in a fitness gym context. Five focus groups with 14 PTs were conducted. These were analysed using interpretative qualitative content analysis and Becker's model "Kinds of Deviance." In contrast to PTs' health norms (practicing balanced behaviours and contributing to well-being), ON was expressed mainly in terms of exercise behaviour and as being excessive and in total control. The PTs maintain that extreme behaviours are legitimized by an aggressive exercise trend in society and that they fear to falsely accuse clients of being pathological. Certain sport contexts (bodybuilding, fitness competitions and elite sports) and specific groups (fitness professionals) contribute to complicating PTs' negotiations due to a competition, performance and/or profession norm, making it difficult to determine whether or not to intervene.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Håman, Linn, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Orthorexia nervosa : An integrative literature review of a lifestyle syndrome
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Järfälla : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 10:1
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bratman first proposed orthorexia nervosa in the late 1990s, defining it an obsession with eating healthy food to achieve, for instance, improved health. Today, in the Swedish media, excessive exercising plays a central role in relation to orthorexia. A few review articles on orthorexia have been conducted; however, these have not focused on aspects of food and eating, sport, exercise, or a societal perspective. The overall aim of this study was to provide an overview and synthesis of what philosophies of science approaches form the current academic framework of orthorexia. Key questions were: What aspects of food and eating are related to orthorexia? What role do exercise and sports play in relation to orthorexia? In what ways are orthorexia contextualized? Consequently, the concept of healthism was used to discuss and contextualize orthorexia. The method used was an integrative literature review; the material covered 19 empirical and theoretical articles published in peer-reviewed journals. This review demonstrates a multifaceted nature of orthorexia research; this field has been examined from four different philosophies of science approaches (i.e., empirical-atomistic, empirical-atomistic with elements of empirical-holistic, empirical-holistic, and rational-holistic) on individual, social, and societal levels. The majority of the articles followed an empirical-atomistic approach that focused on orthorexia as an individual issue, which was discussed using healthism. Our analysis indicates a need for (a) more empirical-holistic research that applies interpretive qualitative methods and uses a social perspective of health, e.g., healthism and (b) examining the role of sports and exercise in relation to orthorexia that takes the problematizing of "orthorexic behaviours" within the sports context into account.
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| 17. |
- Håman, Linn, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Personal trainer´s health advice to clients in the fitness gym
- 2019
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fitness gyms have become popular places for physical activity. Several individuals exercise at gyms and an increasing number hire a personal trainer (PT). PTs have an important role in offering advice and exercise programs as well as detecting unhealthy behaviors among their clients. Norms regarding exercise habits in the gyms appear to be strongly gendered, which may influence PTs’ advice. The purpose of this presentation is to describe PTs’ health advice to clients. In total, 19 PTs, nine women and ten men, aged 23 – 47 years were recruited through purposive sampling. An explorative design was employed and seven focus group discussions were carried out. These were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis guided by a gender perspective. The findings suggest that PTs had a gendered health advice approach towards women regarding exercise and diet. The PTs gave reactive health advice especially to women showing unhealthy exercise and eating behaviors in order to correct these unhealthy behaviors. The specific advice involved a) eating more and exercising less, b) focusing on performance rather than appearance and c) avoiding heavy weight lifting. However, the PTs avoided to advise men showing similar unhealthy training and eating behaviors. The PTs also had a transgressive health advice approach. They advised both women and men to a) adopt a relaxed attitude to exercise and diet, b) to prioritize and rationalize their exercise and diet and c) to eat a natural diet. The gendered health advice approach might give women and men different opportunities to improve their physical fitness, health and well-being. Men with unhealthy behaviors might not be supported by the PTs, which adversely can affect men's health. We recommend that gym managers and PT-educators increase their awareness about the importance of providing equal opportunities for women and men to improve their physical fitness and health.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Håman, Linn, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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The framing of orthorexia nervosa in Swedish daily newspapers : A longitudinal qualitative content analysis
- 2016
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In: Scandinavian Sport Studies Forum. - Malmö : Malmö University. - 2000-088X. ; 7, s. 27-46
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study explored and elucidated how orthorexia is framed in Swedish daily newspapers with a focus on characteristics of orthorexia. Key questions include: 1) how do the newspaper articles connect exercise with orthorexia? and 2) what trends in depicting exercise in relation to orthorexia do the newspaper articles represent over time? The method used was a longitudinal qualitative content analysis guided by the framing theory. We analyzed 166 articles published between 1998 and 2013. Our analysis revealed that orthorexia originally was framed as an eating disorder and subsequently included unhealthy exercise. Two trend shifts could be identified: in 2004, exercise was added as an element and in 2013 extreme exercise trends were described to influence the increase of orthorexia. The findings indicate that Swedish newspapers extend Bratman’s definition and depict orthorexia indiscriminately to describe a range of different behavioral characteristics. These results are discussed in terms of the idea of “healthism” and general health trends in society.
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| 22. |
- Jonsson, Linus, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Adolescents’ voices concerning facilitators of physical activity
- 2017
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In: Abstract Book. ISBNPA 2017.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Objective: Socioeconomic inequalities in adolescents’ health and well-being are increasing, yet relatively little attention has been paid to voices of adolescents’ in disadvantaged communities and their stories about physical activity. As such, the purpose of this study was to illuminate what adolescents, from a low socioeconomic multicultural community in Sweden, convey concerning facilitators of physical activity. Methods:All seventh graders from one school in Sweden, situated in a multicultural community characterized with low socioeconomic status, were invited to the study, and 53 adolescents (12-13 years of age) agreed to participate. Embracing an interpretive approach, ten focus-group interviews was conducted to produce data for the study. The focus-group interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings:The analysis resulted in two major themes regarding facilitators of the adolescents’ physical activity: (1) Possibility for enjoyment; and (2) Social support and a supportive environment. The first theme illuminated that feelings of enjoyment guided the adolescents’ physical activity engagement, and that presence of peers, perceived competence, variation and options promoted enjoyment related to physical activity. The second theme illustrated that social support from family facilitated the adolescents’ physical activity, and included several suggestions from the adolescents’ on how the school environment could become more supportive of their physical activity (e.g., longer breaks in school). Conclusion:Based on the adolescents’ voices, feeling of enjoyment had a great impact on their physical activity engagement, and the presence of peers, variation and options, and perceived competence contributed to enjoyment related to physical activity. Moreover, according to the adolescents, social support from family facilitated their physical activity and the school environment had the potential of becoming more supportive of their physical activity. Noteworthy, when the adolescents spoke about physical activity, they mostly referred to spontaneous physical activities (e.g., playing football with friends), rather than organized physical activities, which appear to be specific for these adolescents.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Jonsson, Linus, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Facilitators of Physical Activity : Voices of Adolescents in a Disadvantaged Community
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - Basel : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 14:8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Despite increasing socioeconomic inequalities in the health and well-being of adolescents, the voices of adolescents in disadvantaged communities regarding facilitators of physical activity (PA) have received relatively little attention. In response, the purpose of this study was to illuminate what adolescents in a multicultural community of low socioeconomic status (SES) in Sweden convey concerning facilitators of PA. Adolescents (n = 53, aged 12–13 years) were recruited from a school in a multicultural community of low SES in Sweden. Following an interpretive approach, 10 focus group interviews were conducted to produce data for a qualitative content analysis. When the adolescents mentioned PA, they mostly referred to spontaneous PA rather than organized PA, and expressed that they enjoyed their PA engagement, which they stated was promoted by the variation of PA, available options for PA, their physical skills, and the presence of peers. They reported that social support from family and friends facilitated their PA, and they offered several suggestions regarding how the school environment could better support their PA. From the perspective of self-determination theory (SDT), the results stress the importance of facilitating intrinsic motivation with a supportive PA environment in which adolescents can satisfy their needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
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| 25. |
- Jonsson, Linus, 1986, et al.
(author)
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What undermines healthy habits with regard to physical activity and food? : Voices of adolescents in a disadvantaged community
- 2017
-
In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aimed to illuminate factors that undermine the healthy habits of adolescents from a multicultural community with low socioeconomic status (S.E.S.) in Sweden with regard to physical activity (P.A.) and food, as stated in their own voices. Adolescents (n = 53, 12–13 y/o) were recruited from one school situated in a multicultural community characterized by low S. E.S. Embracing an interpretive approach, 10 focus-group interviews were conducted to produce data for the study. The focus-group interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in two major themes: (1) the availability of temptations is large, and support from the surroundings is limited; and (2) norms and demands set the agenda. The adolescents’ voices illuminate a profound awareness and the magnitude of tempting screen-based activities as undermining their P.A. and healthy food habits. Moreover, several gender boundaries were highlighted as undermining girls’ P.A. and healthy food habits. The adolescents’ stories illuminated that it is difficult for them, within their environment, to establish healthy habits with regard to P.A. and food. To facilitate the adolescents’ healthy habits, we suggest that support from family, friends, the school, and society at large is essential.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Kittelman-Flensner, Karin, et al.
(author)
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"Everyone can play football no matter where they come from" : Discourses in open sport activities for newly arrived children and teenagers
- 2017
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The recent international crises has brought about the largest movements of refugees since World War II. There is a need for constructive strategies to manage the challenges the comprehensive migration imposes on society's ability to integrate new residents. Research highlights the central role of civil society organizations to create trust, social networks and civic engagement, i.e. basic conditions for a democratic society (Putnam, 2013; Wijkström, 2012). International research also shows that civil society organizations and the voluntary sector can have a compensating function for economically and socially disadvantaged groups (Field, 2005; Portes & Rumbaut; Zhou & Kim, 2006). Many of these organizations have an ambition to welcome newcomers and offer a social milieu and a meaningful leisure time. Sports are often considered as contributing to the inclusion in society of marginalized groups (Misener & Mason, 2006; Schulenkorf & Edwards, 2012). There is a well-established notion that participation in sports promotes positive identity construction, social inclusion and education for democratic citizenship (cf. Donnelly & Coakley, 2002). However, there is little scientific evidence that sport has the potential to fulfill this role,In Sweden a strong emphasis has been put on the role of sports clubs to actively strengthen democratic values and equality. Different governments have provided extensive funding for this purpose, but also for the purpose of including children and youth independent of who they are and were they come from. However, there is little scientific evidence that sport clubs and their activities has the potential to fulfill this role in the community and there is very little systematically developed knowledge of how sporting activities and programs should be designed to achieve positive social outcomes (Rich, Misener & Dubeau, 2015). It is the leaders in the clubs that have the challenging task of ensuring that the objective of developing democratic values, equality, inclusion and well-being come true. Therefore it is important to examine how they understand and translate such normative goals into action.The overall aim of the study is to explore the ways in which a sport club, in the context of open sport activities, are working with and potentially promoting values such as intercultural understanding, inclusion and equality among young people, of which a significant part are new arrivals in Sweden. Research questions focused in this presentation are:How are the open sports activities organized, and what are their stated purposes?What kind of discourses and practices dominate among the leaders of the open sport activities?The sport club studied has since 2010 worked actively with various social projects aiming to promote intercultural understanding, inclusion, gender equality, counteract effects of social and economic segregation and increase young people's agency. The club is a football club which conducts organized football training for children and young people but have also "open sports activities" which is free of charge and requires no registration. Every other Friday arrange the sport club Sporty Friday” where they offer young people the opportunity to try basketball, football, table tennis, boxing, martial arts, wrestling and fencing. They also offer open football for both boys and girls and every week they engage 100-300 children and teenagers. These activities are financially supported by the municipality and are the focus of this research project.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Lindgren, Eva-Carin, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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Balancing performance-based expectations with a holistic perspective on coaching : a qualitative study of Swedish women's national football team coaches' practice experiences
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 12:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore how an exclusive sample of women's national football team coaches described how they implement careful coaching while facing social and organizational pressure to win medals.Method: To consider coaches' negotiations, we drew on Noddings' concept of caring. Using an interpretive research paradigm, we conducted in-depth interviews with five Swedish women's national football team coaches. An abductive approach was used to simultaneously process the theoretical framework of "ethics of care" and the empirical data.Results: The coaches unanimously adopted a holistic perspective to coaching. The coaching strategies they described included promoting players' development, well-being, and sustainable elite performance; listening to the players' voices and engaging in dialogue; and creating a positive environment and promoting fair play.Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the women coaches, despite performance pressure, adopt caring coaching in the form of Noddings' pedagogical modelling, dialogue, and confirmation strategies, and provide an example of how coaches can adopt caring, holistic, and athlete-centred coaching while working at the highest level of competitive sport and achieving competitive success.
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| 31. |
- Lindgren, Eva-Carin M, et al.
(author)
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Children’s stories about team selection: a discourse analysis
- 2017
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In: Leisure Studies. - Abingdon : Informa UK Limited. - 0261-4367 .- 1466-4496. ; 36:5, s. 633-644
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis GroupThe aim of our study was to identify and problematise messages and value principles visible in children’s stories about team selection in sport. To achieve this, we adopted a discourse analysis approach. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 24 children aged 10–11years who participated in four team sports in 12 different Swedish sports clubs. Based on the children’s stories, the findings reveal two discourses of team selection: one participation/inclusion-oriented and one performance/exclusion-oriented discourse in which four different forms of team selection work. The participation/inclusion-oriented discourse constructs sport as a fun game that involves all participating children. The performance/exclusion-oriented discourse shows that coaches select the best children in the team to obtain the best chance of winning games. Some of the coaches have given conflicting messages that align with both discourses, which are revealed by both the girls’ and the boys’ voices in varying degrees. The findings also demonstrate that children’s reasons for playing sport are in harmony with the participation/inclusive-oriented discourse. This discourse represents a child’s perspective, promoting every child’s right to participate under the same conditions. However, the selection procedure in both discourses exhibits strong classification, since coaches are the ones who possess the power to select.
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| 32. |
- Lindgren, Eva-Carin M, et al.
(author)
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Voices from Pupil Participation in the Health Promotion Intervention "Pulse for Learning and Health PuLH" in Primary and Middle School
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - Basel : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601 .- 1661-7827. ; 16:22
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to improve the learning conditions and health of schoolchildren, the Pulse for Learning and Health [PuLH] program in Sweden has introduced additional mandatory moderate to vigorous physical activity [MVPA] that lasts for 30 min three times a week. The PE teachers used a child-centered coaching approach to support all pupils. The aim of this study was to explore pupils' perception and experience of PuLH that has been implemented in primary and middle schools in Sweden. We have taken into account children's rights perspectives and adopted an exploratory and interpretive approach. In total, 73 pupils (34 girls, 39 boys, grades 4-9) were recruited through purposive sampling. 13 focus group interviews (n = 71) and individual interviews (n = 2) were carried out. All interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in three major themes: 'promotes academic performance and a learning school environment', 'promotes health and well-being', and 'individual and structural barriers'. From children's perspective, the results highlight the importance of teachers and principals taking into account the interests and needs of all pupils, to have a well-planned MVPA intervention and to deal with issues regarding body ideals.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Lindgren, Eva-Carin, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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‘Pulse for learning and health [PuLH]’ in primary school; pupil’s experiences
- 2019
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To improve academic performance and health in schoolchildren, the program Pulse for learning and health [PuLH] in Sweden has introduced moderate to vigorous physical activities [MVPA] three times a week (á 30 minutes). The teachers used a child-centered coaching approach, which has the child’s best interests in mind and focused on having fun. The objective of this contribution is to describe what Swedish pupils convey, using their own voices, about their experiences of participating in the school-based program PuLH. We have taken on children’s perspectives in order to be able to understand the children’s own culture. Eight schools in the Region of Jönköping, Sweden, have implemented PuLH. In total, 73 pupils (34 girls, 39 boys, grades 4-9) were recruited through purposive sampling. Thirteen focus group interviews (n=71) and individual interviews (n=2) were carried out. An explorative design was employed, in which data were categorized using qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in four major themes, which we classify as ‘promotes academic performance’, ‘promotes a learning school environment’, ‘promotes health and well-being’, and ‘individual and structural barriers’. The pupils stated that they increased their working capacity, the classroom environment became more calm and peaceful, they got more cohesion and new friends, their needs and interest were in focus, they felt more alert and got in a better mood, they increased their physical competence, their habits became healthier and illness decreased. However, some of the pupils revealed individual and structural barriers, which reduced pleasure and motivation to participate in MVPA due to; poor planning and that they felt time pressure, felt uncomfortable showing their bodies and digital challenges. We recommend that schools take pupils’ interests and needs into consideration when planning for and implementing MVPA activities and not use MVPA as a 'quick fix' i.e. to solve complex problems regarding pupil's learning.
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| 35. |
- Lindgren, Eva-Carin, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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“The individual at the centre” – a grounded theory explaining how sport clubs retain young adults
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Oxfordshire : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 12:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: There is still a lack of knowledge regarding which social processes occur in sport clubs and what factors influence young adults to want to remain in a sport club context. Thus, the purpose of this study was to construct a grounded theory (GT) explaining how sport clubs can retain their young adults.Method: The study uses an intersectional approach. In line with constructivist GT methodology, data from 14 focus-group interviews (27 coaches and 28 young adults) were collected and analysed using a constant comparative method.Results: The core category, “The individual at the centre of a community”, summarizes a process, whereby the generated GT contains three main categories, namely (1) “Participation and influence”, (2) “Social connectedness” and (3) “Good conditions”.Conclusions: The coaches put the individual at the centre of a community and pay attention to the needs and interests of all the young adults, regardless of their background, ambitions, and skills. However, while the idea of a moral imperative to provide for diversity was not directly absent in the discussions with both the coaches and young adults, most of the diversity approaches seemed to be based on ambition and skills, gender, age and sexuality.
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| 36. |
- Mirskaya, Maria, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Online reported women’s experiences of symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse after vaginal birth
- 2019
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In: BMC Women's Health. - London, UK : BioMed Central. - 1472-6874. ; 19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a major public health problem with a relative high lifetime risk of surgery. The main risk factor for developing POP is vaginal birth. Many women become symptomatic later in life and most of the existing research on symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (sPOP) predominantly concentrates on the effects of the condition on postmenopausal women. However bothersome symptoms of POP can be reported as early as in women’s 20s and may occur shortly after vaginal birth. Limited studies provide an insight into daily life of fertile women with sPOP. Thus, we aimed to explore fertile women’s experiences of symptomatic pelvic organ (sPOP) after vaginal birth.Methods: An inductive, text-driven approach was taken by selecting thread posts from an internet forum written by 33 Swedish fertile women who had experienced sPOP after vaginal birth.Results: The overarching theme “being irreparably damaged” was identified as representing an experience of being disabled by sPOP after vaginal birth. The fertile women experienced that their lives were ruined because of physical and psychological limitations caused by this unexpected, unfamiliar and unexplained condition. Living with sPOP impinged on sexual health, restricted daily and sports activities and affected the women’s ability to fulfill everyday parental duties. This in turn compromised women’s psychological health. In addition, the negligence of healthcare professionals who tended to trivialize and normalize the symptoms led to the belief that there were no sustainable treatments and that women would have to live with bothersome symptoms of POP for rest of their lives.Conclusions: This study found that sPOP had a significant negative impact on fertile women’s lives. The women indicated that they had not had the opportunity to voice their concerns and had not been taken seriously by healthcare professionals. It is of the utmost importance to acknowledge this problem and develop guidelines for prevention and management of sPOP to improve the quality of life for women. © Mirskaya, Lindgren & Carlsson. 2019
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| 37. |
- Mirskaya, Maria, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Ruined active life : Experiences of fertile women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse in daily physical active life
- 2019
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a major public health problem. Symptomatic POP (sPOP) affects quality of life and implies an increased risk for surgery. Many women become symptomatic later in life. Existing research on sPOP predominantly concentrates on the effects of the condition on postmenopausal women. However, bothersome symptoms of POP may occur shortly after delivery. This paper provides insight into fertile women's daily physical active lives in order to better understand their situation and improve care for this group.Aim: To explore how fertile women with symptomatic POP after vaginal delivery experience their daily physical active life.Methods: An inductive, text-driven approach was taken, selecting thread posts from an internet forum written by 33 women. The data presented in this article stem from a larger empirical data that explored fertile women's experiences of symptomatic POP after vaginal delivery (VD). Data were processed using qualitative content analysis. The data consisted of chains of questions and answers or comments on the topic of sPOP, posted on an online forum by fertile women who had experienced sPOP after VD. Results: The theme “Ruined active life” showed that many of the fertile women experienced that their lives were ruined because of unexpected physical limitations caused by sPOP. They found themselves balancing being a parent and being disabled because of sPOP. Bothersome symptoms like vaginal heaviness, fullness, soreness and pain were aggravated by many basic daily activities, generating fear that any action involving physical activity might worsen the situation. The women were extremely scared that doing daily household chores and parenting, e.g. lifting and carrying the baby or using a carrycot, might aggravate the symptoms. Moreover, this fear restricted women from playing active games with their older children, such as helping them onto a swing, teaching them to ride a bike, and jumping on a trampoline. All these restrictions led to feelings of being inadequate mothers, resulting in frustration, sadness, anger, uncertainty and a growing sense of hopelessness.Another substantial result of this study addresses sport activities. For many fertile women, sports activities had played an important role before delivery, and now sPOP restricted them from it. The realisation that they could not continue engaging in sports at the same level of athletic performance as before delivery led to intense grief, anxiety and frustration. For instance, women had to give up running and high-intensity training. Some of them did not dare to participate in any activities at the gym. One of them had to quit her job as a training instructor. Giving up favourite activities that were a part of the women’s identity caused an identity crisis, leading to depression. They often expressed that they “just wanted their life back”, demonstrating an inability to accept the new situation. Discussions concerning exercise and safe workouts were very common in the thread. Women were desperate to find information and sought advice from healthcare providers regarding lifestyle changes and how to adjust physical activity in relation to sPOP. However, it was found to be difficult to access satisfactory, unambiguous information. Instead, information was inconsistent, unclear and difficult to understand. Although some healthcare providers were considered helpful and kind, unfortunately they lacked knowledge, which led to useless advice being given which often was not in line with the information that the women had found out by themselves from independent sources. For instance, one woman was encouraged to continue with life as usual and with exercises such as doing sit-ups in spite of her complaints about aggravating her symptoms by physical activity. The woman was told that “nothing would fall out” and in any case if it did happen she was in no danger. Moreover, the fertile women who sought professional help expressed that normalisation of sPOP as a condition was common among healthcare providers. On the contrary, women did not perceive the symptoms of POP as normal or natural, and the attitude of healthcare professionals was experienced as humiliating and discouraging and caused feelings of not being taken seriously. This led to mistrust, disappointment, frustration and criticism of healthcare professionals and the system.Discussion: The fertile women in this study experienced failure to carry out their parental responsibilities, both physically and emotionally. Fear that activities such as lifting children or playing active games with them might worsen the symptoms led to emotional imbalance. This worry has reasonable grounds, owing to an assumption that increased load to the pelvic floor in the form of elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) contributes to development of POP. It has also been shown that IAP increases during brisk walking and as a result of carrying things in a front carry position, which is used by postpartum women to carry their babies in car seats (1).One of the main findings of this study was psychological suffering due to an inability to participate in high-intensity exercise, since for some women, exercise was a part of self-esteem and a natural part of life. It is well established that physical activity has positive effects on health. Moreover, moderate or vigorous physical activity such as brisk walking, cycling, tennis, swimming and running has been shown to reduce depressive symptoms postpartum (2). Some of the fertile women in this study suffered from anxiety and depression and would probably have benefited from participating in physical activity. However, they felt unsure about what kind of physical activities they could resume without worsening their symptoms and became disappointed when they faced a lack of understanding and competence among healthcare professionals in terms of advising suitable exercises. Likely recommendations regarding leisure-time physical activity for postpartum women with depression without sPOP must differ from those with sPOP. One such physical activity that has been found to be suitable for women with sPOP is basic Pilates exercises, which does not raise IAP and, for instance, is safe to recommend for women after POP surgery (3).Conclusion and clinical implications: This study demonstrates that sPOP has a significant impact on fertile women’s active life. sPOP restricts daily and sports activities and affects the ability to fulfil everyday parental duties. In addition, the lack of information from healthcare providers regarding suitable physical activities adds more emotional stress and worsens the situation. It is of the utmost importance to acknowledge this problem. There is a need to develop guidelines for management of sPOP after VD, including information regarding safe lifting techniques and suitable exercises. Copyright © ICS 2019.
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| 38. |
- Ohlsson, Per
(author)
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Spelförståelse och kommunikationsförmåga : En fenomenografisk studie över hur elittränare i fotboll söker bekräftelse på om spelare har förstått andemeningen i en instruktion
- 2019
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of the present study is to develop knowledge about and knowledge how professional football coaches come to know that the essence of their instructions has been understood by their players, with particular focus on the theoretical aspects of the game.The background to this study is based on recent rapid developments in the game, as it changes from a strictly controlled system–oriented game to a game where the individual player is expected to perform multiple roles and change position during a match. This is a development which places increasing demands on the players' ‘game sense’ and general understanding of the game. 98% of the game of football is a game that is not played with the ball at the player’s feet. Rather, it is a game where the player’s cognitive ability (i) to read the other players’ movements and (ii) to continually shift position in response to these movements is a key factor. This development also places greater demands on the coach’s knowledge of the game, pedagogic competence, and ability to communicate not only the learning situation’s direct object but also the indirect object of the learning situation. This involves the player understanding how to act in a way that benefits the team, even when the unpredictable events that take place during a football match do not coincide with the patterns of movement which the coach may have prepared his players for.Twenty-three professional football coaches were asked two questions. The first question addresses the theoretical knowledge domain instantiated by a player's ‘game sense’, from which the second question follows:How do coaches define the concept of ‘game sense’?How do coaches look for confirmation that the players have understood the essence of their instructions?The study employs a phenomenographic approach which is broadened and deepened so as to produce a richer interpretation by the use of semiotics, somatic markers, and pattern recognition (from the field of cognitive science). A hermeneutic approach laid the foundation for the description of the respondents' everyday professional life. By applying these additional approaches, the phenomenographic approach to developed as a phenomenography of listening, thereby creating the basis for a qualitative analysis.This study argues that football is a cognitive sport, where the concept of ‘game sense’ is described as the player's ability to read, interpret, and act in a situation. The study also shows that confirmation of whether a player has understood the essence of his coach’s instructions is limited to what the coach sees in the form of the decisions and actions that can be observed during training sessions and the match. This confirmation is expressed merely as I see it. It is also apparent that across the coaches, with some exceptions, there is no conscious strategy for how a coach might confirm whether a player has actually understood the learning situation's indirect object, namely the essence of the instruction issued by the coach.
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| 39. |
- Pelters, Pelle, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Room to move as room to improve? – Health-related integration interventions in civil society
- 2019
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Migrant groups belong to one of the most vulnerable sections of society, where issues of health inequalities and integration are at stake. Civil society is often highlighted as being an important actor in the integration of newly-arrived citizens and has also been encouraged to help migrants improve their health. The aim of the study was to explore what aspects of general and health-related acculturation and health work are expressed in research into health-related integration-interventions for migrant groups provided by civil society agents. An integrative review has been conducted. By searching databases, journal websites and reference lists, ten articles could be identified. The data has been analyzed using a concept of acculturation, different approaches to health work and the health discourse as a theoretical framework. Two different accumulations of studies have been identified: an assimilation-integration spectrum and an integration-separation spectrum. The interventions in the assimilation-integration spectrum tend to promote assimilation to the host culture and to a Western view of health. Most of these interventions are driven by representatives of the host culture. The interventions in the integration-separation spectrum are characterized by a greater openness concerning home-cultural understandings of health, alongside to an appreciation of home culture in general. These interventions are mostly migrant-driven. The acculturation strategies suggested by migrant-driven organizations tend to be orientated towards integration, whereas the strategies of native-driven organizations are more orientated towards assimilation. Thus, an awareness of basic ideas and methods in health intervention work is regarded as being crucial for civil society organizations.
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| 40. |
- Wiker, Madeleine
(author)
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”Det är live liksom” : Elevers perspektiv på villkor och utmaningar i Idrott och Hälsa
- 2017
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Based on pupils' perspectives, the purpose of this dissertation is to contribute to increased knowledge and in-depth understanding of PE. Sport, exercise and health are important factors for young people’s wellbeing. Children and young people who exercise sleep better, have more energy, learn to cooperate and perform better at school. They also develop different abilities to address the challenges of sport, both in the field of Physical Education and Health [PE] and in their free time.The empirical material consists of interview data from eleven focus group interviews with 62 pupils in grade 9, from eight different secondary schools. Using focus group interviews is a method that enables exchange of and changes in knowledge. The method is also suitable for discussions aiming to interpret and understand statements. The dissertation takes a socio-cultural approach and a dialogical perspective on the theory of Social Representation [SR]. SR is characterized by sentences, values, similarities, ideas and practices shared by groups of people in societies and is used as a tool to describe and analyze the creation of common social representations.The results show the pupils’ communicating the fact that the grading system in PE is incomplete and unfair; they prefer a multi-rating system. The discussions also showed that the PE teacher plays an important role in the pupils’ vision of PE as a community investment. The analysis featured two key themes: an unfair grading system and a multifaceted PE teacher profession.As this dissertation was reaching its finality, the research field of PE shifted to a partly new and different phase. More emphasis is now put on sports, exercise and health as important lifestyle choices and as crucial activities for the wellbeing of young people. From a pupils’ perspective on the conditions and challenges in PE, there is a continuing need to study pupils’ suggestions for change and improvements, as well as the consequences of PE being a subject that is, as one pupil said, “it’s kinda live”.
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