| 1. |
- Batra, Gorav, et al.
(författare)
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Atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery is associated with adverse outcome
- 2019
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Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; :1, s. 70-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim was to determine the association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and outcome in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).METHODS: All patients undergoing CABG between January 2010 and June 2013 were identified in the Swedish Heart Surgery Registry. Outcomes studied were all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, ischemic stroke, and recurrent AF. Patients with history of AF prior to surgery (preoperative AF) and patients without history of AF but with AF episodes post-surgery (postoperative AF) were compared to patients with no AF using adjusted Cox regression models.RESULTS: Among 9,107 identified patients, 8.1% (n = 737) had preoperative AF, and 25.1% (n = 2,290) had postoperative AF. Median follow-up was 2.2 years. Compared to no AF, preoperative AF was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality, adjusted hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval (HR) 1.76 (1.33-2.33); cardiovascular mortality, HR 2.43 (1.68-3.50); and congestive heart failure, HR 2.21 (1.72-2.84). Postoperative AF was associated with risk of all-cause mortality, HR 1.27 (1.01-1.60); cardiovascular mortality, HR 1.52 (1.10-2.11); congestive heart failure, HR 1.47 (1.18-1.83); and recurrent AF, HR 4.38 (2.46-7.78). No significant association was observed between pre- or postoperative AF and risk for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke.CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 1 in 3 patients undergoing CABG had pre- or postoperative AF. Patients with pre- or postoperative AF were at higher risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and congestive heart failure, but not of myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke. Postoperative AF was associated with higher risk of recurrent AF.
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| 2. |
- Roos, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Using von Thünen rings and service-dominant logic in balancing forest ecosystem services
- 2018
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Ingår i: Land Use Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-8377 .- 1873-5754. ; 79, s. 622-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The allocation of forest land to different uses for ecosystem services (ES) is a complex task which is increasingly influenced by current urbanisation trends and the growth of the service-oriented economy. With the focus on cultural ES, this paper examines the principles that are intended to ensure the best cultural ES value in forest land use allocation. The analysis considers the co-creation process of cultural ES value and the trade-off between cultural and other categories of ES in an urban rural context. A literature review of applied studies on forest land use allocation and ES is presented and research gaps are identified. Based on the findings of the review, two theoretical frameworks for an improved analysis of cultural ES value and land use allocation are suggested: the von Thiinen location theory and service-dominant logic (SDL). Von Thiinen showed that optimal land use is determined by the land rents for different alternative uses, which vary depending on distance from population centres. SDL, a theory from the field of marketing research, focuses on the role of skills and services in addition to the traditional goods-related attributes for the creation of customer value. This paper argues that a combination of the two frameworks can inspire future research and policymaking concerning forest land use allocation. The von Thiinen framework highlights the role of local forest landscapes in proximity to population centres for creating cultural ES value. The SDL theory emphasises the co-creation of forest based cultural ES value that involves the forest ecosystem; beneficiaries of cultural ES value; and actors, who also are resource integrators (e.g. forest owners, planners, associations and other actors). Examples of applications of the two frameworks are given and both practical implications and limitations are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Ankre, Rosemarie, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Managers' experiences of visitor monitoring in Swedish outdoor recreational areas
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Research Planning and Management. - : Elsevier. - 2213-0780 .- 2213-0799. ; 14, s. 35-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Systematically collected information on outdoor recreation participation, motives and behaviors can improve recreation opportunities and reduce the risk of user conflicts. There are many uses of this type of information for managers of recreational areas including analyses of environmental, social and economic impacts, development of infrastructure, and marketing to appropriate audiences. One key component in building this knowledge is the application of visitor monitoring. This study takes an exploratory approach by analyzing managers' experiences on different on-site monitoring methods at 12 recreational areas in Sweden. Results show that knowledge of these methods and their use are strongly linked to individual managers' skills and competence. Contemporary changes in recreation behavior calls for more innovative monitoring approaches, but managers included in this study primarily work with rather traditional methods, which is likely representative of the overall situation in Sweden. Networking, educational programs and closer collaborations with universities could facilitate some of the challenges identified.Management implications● The study showed the relevance of improved visitor monitoring practices, and tailor-made monitoring guidelines, based on actual use and experience-based data.● Adequate visitor monitoring practices:- help to better incorporate recreation activities and values in natural resource management decisions,● increase the awareness of possible conflicts between recreational and other resource users,● show the possible need for increased management capacity, additional training or new ways of visitor management and provide a better foundation for decision making.
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| 4. |
- Eggers, Jeannette, et al.
(författare)
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Balancing landscape-level forest management between recreation and wood production
- 2018
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Ingår i: Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. - : Elsevier BV. - 1618-8667 .- 1610-8167. ; 33, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although many forested landscapes are used for both wood production and outdoor recreation, intensive forest management can negatively impact the recreational value of forests, including in Sweden, a country with rich forest resources and a strong forest industry. In Sweden, urbanization has increased the importance of, and demand for, urban and peri-urban recreational green areas such as forests. It is the responsibility of the local government - i.e., the municipalities - to provide a good living environment for its inhabitants, including recreational areas. However, most of the forest areas in Sweden are owned by private individuals and companies, which have a large degree of freedom in their forest management decisions. Municipalities can make formal agreements with forest owners to protect forests with high recreational values, but this requires financial resources, which are often scarce. Thus, tools are needed to identify the forest areas that should be prioritized for the use of forest management strategies that maintain or increase the recreational value of forests. In this study, we elaborate an approach that balances economic and recreational forest values within a forest decision support system (DSS) and test the approach for a case study area in southern Sweden. The recreation model included in the forest DSS links locational aspects, such as population density and proximity to water, with forest structure aspects, which are simulated over time under different management strategies. Our results suggest that the model could be useful for more efficient planning of the recreational potential of forests at the landscape level. The results from the case study indicate that substantial increases in the recreational value of a forest landscape can be achieved with relatively small overall economic losses, for example, by extending rotation periods in forests close to densely populated areas.
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| 5. |
- Ezebilo, Eugene Ejike, et al.
(författare)
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Preferences and willingness to pay for close to home nature for outdoor recreation in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559. ; 58, s. 283-296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden there is a strong tradition of using nature areas for outdoor recreation. This paper reports on a study which explored preferences and willingness to pay for outdoor recreation close to home (<= 100km away from home and <= 24hours stay at a recreation site) using the contingent valuation method. The data originated from a mail survey that involved Swedish residents who were randomly selected from a national register. An ordinary least squares regression model was used to account for factors influencing willingness to pay. The results showed that approximately 50% of the respondents used nature areas close to their home for recreation and their average frequency of visits to these areas was 74times annually. Areas dominated by forests were the most preferred, followed by water. The respondents were willing to pay approximately 7200 SEK (US$1080) annually. Their willingness to pay was influenced by factors such as type of nature area, distance to and time spent at the recreation site and income. The results provide one input to the land use planning process by considering the demand for nature-based outdoor recreation close to home.
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| 6. |
- Grip, Olivia, et al.
(författare)
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Open versus endovascular revascularization in the treatment of acute lower limb ischaemia
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 105:12, s. 1598-1606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Consensus is lacking regarding intervention for patients with acute lower limb ischaemia (ALI). The aim was to study amputation-free survival in patients treated for ALI by either primary open or endovascular revascularization.Methods: The Swedish Vascular Registry (Swedvasc) was combined with the Population Registry and National Patient Registry to determine follow-up on mortality and amputation rates. Revascularization techniques were compared by propensity score matching 1:1.Results: Of 9736 patients who underwent open surgery and 6493 who had endovascular treatment between 1994 and 2014, 3365 remained in each group after propensity score matching. Results are from the matched cohort only. Mean age of the patients was 74⋅7 years; 47⋅5 per cent were women and mean follow-up was 4⋅3 years. At 30-day follow-up, the endovascular group had better patency (83⋅0 versus 78⋅6 per cent; P < 0⋅001). Amputation rates were similar at 30 days (7⋅0 per cent in the endovascular group versus 8⋅2 per cent in the open group; P = 0⋅113) and at 1 year (13⋅8 versus 14⋅8 per cent; P = 0⋅320). The mortality rate was lower after endovascular treatment, at 30 days (6⋅7 versus 11⋅1 per cent; P < 0⋅001) and after 1 year (20⋅2 versus 28⋅6 per cent; P < 0⋅001). Accordingly, endovascular treatment had better amputation-free survival at 30 days (87⋅5 versus 82⋅1 per cent; P < 0⋅001) and 1 year (69⋅9 versus 61⋅1 per cent; P < 0⋅001). The number needed to treat to prevent one death within the rst year was 12 with an endovascular compared with an open approach. Five years after surgery, endovascular treatment still had improved survival (HR 0⋅78, 99 per cent c.i. 0⋅70 to 0⋅86) but the difference between the treatment groups occurred mainly in the rst year.Conclusion: Primary endovascular treatment for ALI appeared to reduce mortality compared with open surgery, without any difference in the risk of amputation.
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