| 1. |
- Pedersen, A., et al.
(författare)
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Electron density estimations derived from spacecraft potential measurements on Cluster in tenuous plasma regions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 113:A7, s. A07S33-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spacecraft potential measurements by the EFW electric field experiment on the Cluster satellites can be used to obtain plasma density estimates in regions barely accessible to other type of plasma experiments. Direct calibrations of the plasma density as a function of the measured potential difference between the spacecraft and the probes can be carried out in the solar wind, the magnetosheath, and the plasmashere by the use of CIS ion density and WHISPER electron density measurements. The spacecraft photoelectron characteristic ( photoelectrons escaping to the plasma in current balance with collected ambient electrons) can be calculated from knowledge of the electron current to the spacecraft based on plasma density and electron temperature data from the above mentioned experiments and can be extended to more positive spacecraft potentials by CIS ion and the PEACE electron experiments in the plasma sheet. This characteristic enables determination of the electron density as a function of spacecraft potential over the polar caps and in the lobes of the magnetosphere, regions where other experiments on Cluster have intrinsic limitations. Data from 2001 to 2006 reveal that the photoelectron characteristics of the Cluster spacecraft as well as the electric field probes vary with the solar cycle and solar activity. The consequences for plasma density measurements are addressed. Typical examples are presented to demonstrate the use of this technique in a polar cap/lobe plasma.
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| 2. |
- Pedersen, A., et al.
(författare)
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Electron density estimations derived from spacecraft potential measurements on Cluster in tenuous plasma regions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 113:A7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spacecraft potential measurements by the EFW electric field experiment on the Cluster satellites can be used to obtain plasma density estimates in regions barely accessible to other type of plasma experiments. Direct calibrations of the plasma density as a function of the measured potential difference between the spacecraft and the probes can be carried out in the solar wind, the magnetosheath, and the plasmashere by the use of CIS ion density and WHISPER electron density measurements. The spacecraft photoelectron characteristic ( photoelectrons escaping to the plasma in current balance with collected ambient electrons) can be calculated from knowledge of the electron current to the spacecraft based on plasma density and electron temperature data from the above mentioned experiments and can be extended to more positive spacecraft potentials by CIS ion and the PEACE electron experiments in the plasma sheet. This characteristic enables determination of the electron density as a function of spacecraft potential over the polar caps and in the lobes of the magnetosphere, regions where other experiments on Cluster have intrinsic limitations. Data from 2001 to 2006 reveal that the photoelectron characteristics of the Cluster spacecraft as well as the electric field probes vary with the solar cycle and solar activity. The consequences for plasma density measurements are addressed. Typical examples are presented to demonstrate the use of this technique in a polar cap/lobe plasma.
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| 3. |
- Aulchenko, Yurii S, et al.
(författare)
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Loci influencing lipid levels and coronary heart disease risk in 16 European population cohorts
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 41:1, s. 47-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies of lipids have been conducted in samples ascertained for other phenotypes, particularly diabetes. Here we report the first GWA analysis of loci affecting total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides sampled randomly from 16 population-based cohorts and genotyped using mainly the Illumina HumanHap300-Duo platform. Our study included a total of 17,797-22,562 persons, aged 18-104 years and from geographic regions spanning from the Nordic countries to Southern Europe. We established 22 loci associated with serum lipid levels at a genome-wide significance level (P < 5 x 10(-8)), including 16 loci that were identified by previous GWA studies. The six newly identified loci in our cohort samples are ABCG5 (TC, P = 1.5 x 10(-11); LDL, P = 2.6 x 10(-10)), TMEM57 (TC, P = 5.4 x 10(-10)), CTCF-PRMT8 region (HDL, P = 8.3 x 10(-16)), DNAH11 (LDL, P = 6.1 x 10(-9)), FADS3-FADS2 (TC, P = 1.5 x 10(-10); LDL, P = 4.4 x 10(-13)) and MADD-FOLH1 region (HDL, P = 6 x 10(-11)). For three loci, effect sizes differed significantly by sex. Genetic risk scores based on lipid loci explain up to 4.8% of variation in lipids and were also associated with increased intima media thickness (P = 0.001) and coronary heart disease incidence (P = 0.04). The genetic risk score improves the screening of high-risk groups of dyslipidemia over classical risk factors.
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| 4. |
- Buitrago-Téllez, C. H., et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive classification of mandibular fractures : a preliminary agreement validation study
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0901-5027 .- 1399-0020. ; 37:12, s. 1080-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluates a comprehensive classification system for mandibular fractures based on imaging analysis. The AO/ASIF scheme, defining three fracture types (A, B, C), three groups within each type (e.g. A1, A2, A3) and three subgroups within each group (e.g. A1.1, A1.2, A1.3) with increasing severity from A1.1 (lowest) to C3.3 (highest) was used. The mandible is divided into two vertical units (I and V), two lateral horizontal units (II and IV) and one central unit (III) comprising the symphyseal and parasymphyseal region. Type A fractures are non-displaced, type B are displaced and type C are multifragmentary/defect injuries. Groups and subgroups are further defined in the classification system. Two classification sessions using semi-automatic software with 7 and 9 surgeons were performed to evaluate 100 fracture cases in the first session and 50 in the second. Inter-observer reliability and individual rater's accuracy were evaluated by kappa coefficient and latent class analysis, respectively. The analysis of inter-observer agreement for the detailed coding showed kappa coefficients around 0.50 with higher agreement among raters in the vertical units. This system allows standardization of documentation of mandibular fractures, although improvement in the definition of categories and their application is required.
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| 5. |
- Kuna, P., et al.
(författare)
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Once-daily dosing with budesonide/formoterol compared with twice-daily budesonide/formoterol and once-daily budesonide in adults with mild to moderate asthma
- 2006
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3064 .- 0954-6111. ; 100:12, s. 2151-2159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adherence to maintenance therapy is often poor in patients with asthma. Simplifying dosing regimens has the potential to improve both adherence and asthma-retated morbidity. In this 12-week, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parattel-group study, 617 patients with mild to moderate persistent asthma (mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV,] 78.5% predicted) who were not optimally controlled on inhaled corticosteroids (200-500pg/day) were randomized to once-daily budesonide/formoterot (80/4.5 tg, 2 inhalations in the evening), twice-daity budesonide/formoterol (80/4.5 pg, 1 inhalation), or a corresponding dose of budesonide once-daily (200pg, 1 inhalation in the evening). AR patients received budesonide (100pg twice daily) during a 2-week run-in. Changes in mean morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) were similar for od budesonide/formoterol (23.4 l/min) and twice-daily budesonide/formoterot (24.1 l/min), and both were greater than with budesonide (5.5 Unnin; both P < 0.001). Evening PEF, symptom-free days, reliever-free days, and asthma control days were improved with budesonide/ formoterol therapy vs. budesonide (P < 0.05 vs. budesonide for all variables). All treatments were well tolerated. Budesonide/formoterot administered once daily in the evening is a convenient treatment regimen that is as effective in improving asthma control as twice-daily dosing in patients with mild to moderate persistent asthma. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Paragi, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Radio and X-Ray Monitoring of SS433
- 2007
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Ingår i: Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica. ; 27, s. 222-224
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Söderström, A, et al.
(författare)
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A large Escherichia coli O157 outbreak in Sweden associated with locally produced lettuce.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Foodborne pathogens and disease. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1556-7125 .- 1535-3141. ; 5:3, s. 339-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2005 a large outbreak of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) occurred in Sweden. Cases were interviewed and cohort and case-control studies were conducted. Microbiological investigations were performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the Shiga-like toxin (Stx) genes followed by cultivation and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. A total of 135 cases were recorded, including 11 cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome. The epidemiological investigations implicated lettuce as the most likely source of the outbreak, with an OR of 13.0 (CI 2.94-57.5) in the case-control study. The lettuce was irrigated by water from a small stream, and water samples were positive for Stx 2 by PCR. The identical VTEC O157 Stx 2 positive strain was isolated from the cases and in cattle at a farm upstream from the irrigation point. An active surveillance and reporting system was crucial and cooperation between all involved parties was essential for quickly identifying the cause of this outbreak. Handling of fresh greens from farm to table must be improved to minimize the risk of contamination.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Sandqvist, Aa, et al.
(författare)
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Odin spectral line observations of Sgr A and Sgr B2 at submm wavelengths and in the 118-GHz band
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 54, s. 72-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since its launch in 2001, the Odin satellite has been observing the Galactic Centre Sgr A Complex (CND, +20 and +50 km s-1 Clouds) as well as the nearby star formation region, Sgr B2, a number of times. Observations have been made in the 118-119 GHz and 486-581 GHz bands. A limited mapping of the Sgr A Complex in the H162O line has been performed and new observations of the H182O line took place in 2006. In the 118-119 GHz band, a strong line of HC3N (J = 13 - 12) has been detected at a number of positions - sensitive upper limits have been obtained for the O2 (11 - 10) and the SiC (3Π2, J = 3 - 2) lines. Towards Sgr B2, submm observations have yielded absorption profles of H162O, H182O, H172O, NH3, and 15NH3.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Yamauchi, M., et al.
(författare)
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Magnetospheric solitary structure maintained by 3000 km/s ions as a cause of westward moving auroral bulge at 19 MLT
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annales Geophysicae. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 0992-7689 .- 1432-0576. ; 27:7, s. 2947-2969
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the evening equatorial magnetosphere at about 4 R-E geocentric distance and 19 MLT, the four Cluster spacecraft observed a solitary structure with a width of about 1000 similar to 2000 km in the propagation direction. The solitary structure propagates sunward with about 5 similar to 10 km/s carrying sunward electric field (in the propagation direction) of up to about 10 mV/m (total potential drop of about 5 similar to 10 kV), depletion of magnetic field of about 25%, and a duskward E x B convection up to 50 km/s of He+ rich cold plasma without O+. At the same time, auroral images from the IMAGE satellite together with ground based geomagnetic field data showed a westward (sunward at this location) propagating auroral bulge at the magnetically conjugate ionosphere with the solitary structure. The solitary structure is maintained by flux enhancement of selectively 3000 km/s ions (about 50 keV for H+, 200 keV for He+, and 750 keV for O+). These ions are the main carrier of the diamagnetic current causing the magnetic depletion, whereas the polarization is maintained by different behavior of energetic ions and electrons. Corresponding to aurora, field-aligned accelerated ionospheric plasma of several keV appeared at Cluster from both hemispheres simultaneously. Together with good correspondence in location and propagation velocity between the auroral bulge and the solitary structure, this indicates that the sunward moving auroral bulge is caused by the sunward propagation of the solitary structure which is maintained by energetic ions. The solitary structure might also be the cause of Pi2-like magnetic variation that started simultaneously at Cluster location.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Gladman, Dafna D., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical and genetic registries in psoriatic disease
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 35:7, s. 1458-1463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinical and genetic registries are an important tool in studying psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). They assist in delineating disease features and are crucial in defining phenotype and identifying genetic and other markers of disease expression. At the 2007 Annual Meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA), members of the clinical registries and genetics committees described several ongoing registries, including their construction, protocols, and some results from their analyses. In breakout groups, members discussed data issues, including identification of core datasets, ownership, and how to share data; and ethical issues and possible sources of funding for registries. Proceedings of these meetings are summarized.
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| 15. |
- Ihse, E, et al.
(författare)
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Amyloid fibril composition is related to the phenotype of hereditary transthyretin V30M amyloidosis
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Pathology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3417 .- 1096-9896. ; 216:2, s. 253-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish familial systemic amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (FAP) depends on a mutation leading to a methionine-for-valine substitution in transthyretin. The disease appears with different clinical manifestations, including age of onset and involvement of the heart. Liver transplantation is currently the only curative treatment, but progressive cardiomyopathy may occur post-transplant. Two amyloid deposition patterns have previously been described in the heart. In one, the amyloid consists partially of transthyretin fragments and is weakly stainable by Congo red, while in the other, only full-length molecules are found and the fibrils have a strong affinity for Congo red. The present study aimed to see whether these morphological and biochemical variations have clinical implications. Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were taken from 33 patients with Val30Met FAP and examined by microscopy, electrophoresis and western blot. Clinical data included age, sex, duration of disease and echocardiographic determination of the interventricular septum (IVS) thickness. It was found that fibrils composed of only full-length transthyretin were associated with early age of onset (44.8 +/- 12.9 years), no clinical cardiac involvement and a strong affinity for Congo red. In contrast, presence of transthyretin fragments in the amyloid was associated with late age of onset (67.3 +/- 7.0 years), signs of cardiac involvement and weak Congo red staining. For each individual, the same molecular type of amyloid was found in different organs. This is the first report showing that variations in clinical appearance of familial ATTR amyloidosis are associated with specific structural differences in the amyloid fibrils, and therefore may have a molecular cause. The molecular type of amyloid can be determined from a subcutaneous fat tissue biopsy.
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| 16. |
- Larsen, C. P., et al.
(författare)
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Experiences from the acreo national broadband testbed
- 2006
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Ingår i: 2006 Optical Fiber Communication Conference, and the 2006 National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference. - : Optical Society of America. - 1557528039 - 9781557528032
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the Acreo National Broadband Testbed in Sweden. The testbed is a multi-technology end-to-end access network with more than 200 users testing real services. Technical design, experiences and visions from the testbed are presented. © 2003 Optical Society of America.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Matsui, H., et al.
(författare)
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Derivation of inner magnetospheric electric field (UNH-IMEF) model using Cluster data set
- 2008
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Ingår i: Annales Geophysicae. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 0992-7689 .- 1432-0576. ; 26:9, s. 2887-2898
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We derive an inner magnetospheric electric field (UNH-IMEF) model at L=2-10 using primarily Cluster electric field data for more than 5 years between February 2001 and October 2006. This electric field data set is divided into several ranges of the interplanetary electric field (IEF) values measured by ACE. As ring current simulations which require electric field as an input parameter are often performed at L=2-6.6, we have included statistical results from ground radars and low altitude satellites inside the perigee of Cluster in our data set (L similar to 4). Electric potential patterns are derived from the average electric fields by solving an inverse problem. The electric potential pattern for small IEF values is probably affected by the ionospheric dynamo. The magnitudes of the electric field increase around the evening local time as IEF increases, presumably due to the sub-auroral polarization stream (SAPS). Another region with enhanced electric fields during large IEF periods is located around 9 MLT at L>8, which is possibly related to solar wind-magnetosphere coupling. Our potential patterns are consistent with those derived from self-consistent simulations. As the potential patterns can be interpolated/extrapolated to any discrete IEF value within measured ranges, we thus derive an empirical electric potential model. The performance of the model is evaluated by comparing the electric field derived from the model with original one measured by Cluster and mapped to the equator. The model is open to the public through our website.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Puhl-Quinn, P. A., et al.
(författare)
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An effort to derive an empirically based, inner-magnetospheric electric field model : Merging Cluster EDI and EFW data
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-6826 .- 1879-1824. ; 70:2-4, s. 564-573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A key ingredient for modelling many inner-magnetospheric processes is the realistic representation of the spatio-temporal dynamics of the inner-magnetospheric electric field, or, IMEF The Cluster Mission provides a unique opportunity to construct an IMEF model using electric field measurements from both the electron drift instrument (EDI) and the electric fields and waves instrument (EFW). A superset of IMEF data is formed by merging EDI and EFW data. Challenges presented by the merging process include the handling of compromised perpendicular electric field (E-L) calculations, electric field offsets, scaling problems, and spurious fields. The present goal is to produce the highest quality merged IMEF data set possible which is minimally affected by these issues. Preliminary investigation of the merging process on Cluster I for the years 2001-2003 has revealed that merging is a worthwhile exercise. The data sets are shown to be complementary, and the IMEF merged data set is superior to either data set alone in terms of improved spatial coverage, and coverage of a wider range of geomagnetic activity levels. Preliminary use of the merged IMEF data set to construct a parameterized, equatorial, electric field model for the inner magnetosphere, the UNH-IMEF model, is also presented. The electric field morphology produced by this preliminary version of the UNH-IMEF model shows the expected sensitivity to IMF orientation.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Zetterström, Olle, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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Comparable morning versus evening administration of once-daily mometasone furoate dry powder inhaler
- 2008
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 102:10, s. 1406-1411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The control of daytime and nighttime symptoms is an important measure of effectiveness of asthma therapy, especially, when administered once-daily. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of evening and morning administrations of mometasone furoate administered via a dry powder inhaler (MF-DPI) 400 μg once-daily (QD) to show equivalence. Methods: Open-label, randomized, parallel-group study in adult patients with mild to moderate asthma with a ≥3-month history of ICS use. Patients received MF-DPI 400 μg QD either in the morning (AM) or evening (PM) for 12 weeks. The primary measure was the change in asthma symptoms from baseline to week 12. Secondary outcomes included response to treatment, adherence, inhaler device evaluation, use of rescue medication, urinary cortisol levels, and differential white blood cell count. Results: A total of 1537 patients were randomized, the efficacy population comprised 543 and 479 patients in the MF-DPI QD morning and evening groups, respectively. Mean improvements from baseline in daytime symptom scores at week 12 with morning and evening administration of MF-DPI 400 μg were -0.11 ± 0.59 and -0.12 ± 0.68, respectively (95% CI, -0.095 to 0.061) and the corresponding improvements in nighttime symptom scores were -0.08 ± 0.59 and -0.07 ± 0.50, respectively (95% CI, -0.067 to 0.068). Use of rescue medication was the same in both groups (1 puff/day). MF-DPI QD was well tolerated regardless of time of administration. Conclusions: This open-label study did not identify differences between morning and evening dosing of MF-DPI 400 μg QD. A better effect of evening dosing compared to morning dosing found in previous double-blind placebo-controlled studies could not be confirmed. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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