| 1. |
- Ackesjö, Helena, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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"Att jag kallar mig själv för lärare i fritidshem uppfattar jag skapar en viss provokation" : Om de nya grundlärarna med inriktning mot arbete i fritidshem
- 2016
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Ingår i: Educare. - 1653-1868 .- 2004-5190. ; :1, s. 86-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2014 the first cohort of (a newly designed group of teachers) ”primary teachers with a specialization in extended school education” graduated from Swedish universities. In addition to the traditional formal qualifications as leisure pedagogues their degree also includes the competency to teach practical/aesthetical subjects in compulsory school up to year six. The newly designed teachers thus have to relate to dual professional identities and try to maintain balance between their work in the traditional socially oriented recreation centers against their teaching in a goal- and results-driven school. In this article we study a group of 40 new teachers before and after graduation, trying to get hold of how they perceive and negotiate their professional identities and how they orient themselves in the professional landscape. The results show that the graduates try to balance their own ideals and professional intentions against traditional professional identities and labor market conditions.
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| 2. |
- Ackesjö, Helena, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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“Betwixt and Between” : Leisure-time Teachers and the Construction of Professional Identities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0031-3831 .- 1470-1170. ; 63:6, s. 884-898
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2014, a newly formed group of teachers graduated from Swedish universities. In addition to their qualification as leisure-time pedagogues, their degree includes teaching practical/aesthetical subjects in compulsory school. This group of teachers thus has to relate to dual professional identities and to maintain a balance between the socially oriented leisure-time centres and a goal- and results-driven school. In this article we describe their first two years after graduation, trying to get hold of their negotiation of professional identities and orientation in the professional landscape. Results shows that the graduates try to balance own ideals and hybrid professional intentions against traditional professional identities and labour market conditions and that position in a liminal phase might be crucial for the outcome.
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| 3. |
- Axelsson, Marcus, 1979-
(författare)
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”Kalla mig inte mamsell!” : En jämförelse av tre skandinaviska översättares behandling av kulturspecifika element i fransk- och engelskspråkig skönlitteratur
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present study deals with the work and practice of three Scandinavian translators, namely Kjell Olaf Jensen (Norwegian), Marianne Öjerskog (Swedish) and Agnete Dorph Stjernfelt (Danish). The main question of the thesis is what strategies the translators use when translating culture-specific elements from French and English. Theoretically the thesis positions itself within the framework of Descriptive Translation Studies and draws upon system theories as well as Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology of culture. The method consists of a source text – target text analysis, using a somewhat modified version of Pedersen’s (2007) method identifying seven translation strategies, namely (1) retention, (2) specification, (3) direct translation, (4) generalization, (5) substitution, (6) omission and (7) official equivalent. In this thesis the three former and the official equivalent are categorized as “adequate”, whereas generalization, substitution and omission are categorized as “acceptable” using Toury’s (2012) terminology. Six different types of culture-specific elements are investigated, namely (1) titles, address and professional titles, (2) currencies, (3) weights and measures, (4) literature and music, (5) education, and (6) names. In addition to this analysis, interviews with the three translators were carried out. Results show that there are both similarities and dissimilarities in the translators’ choices of translation strategies. It also turns out that the strategies used to a great extent depend on the culture-specific element in question and hardly ever on the source language. Results also suggest that the higher the translators’ amount of accumulated total capital, the more likely it is that they adopt a heterodoxic translation strategy. Jensen and Stjernfelt are more often positioned at one of the two extremes of the adequacy–acceptability axis than is the case for Öjerskog. Moreover, results from the interviews and the text analyses show that there are a number of norms that govern the translators’ practices. The translatorial practice is to manoeuver in a field governed by norms in order to produce the best possible target texts – target texts that are true to the original and conform to domestic literary standards.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Rickard, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Is teacher attrition a poor estimate of the value of teacher education? A Swedish case.
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Teacher Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0261-9768 .- 1469-5928. ; 42:2, s. 243-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Far from all who complete teacher education end up working as teachers throughout their entire career. At first sight the value of teacher education, in terms of efficiency, seems to be a failure. In the present article we argue that teacher attrition, when defined as whether one is working as teacher or not, is a too blunt measure to gauge whether teacher education has been valuable. With a unique dataset, where we have detailed information on 87 Swedish teacher graduates’ working life across 23 years, we can consider whether activities and/or experiences point to an apparent use of teacher education. In conclusion, we find that in order to get informative estimates of its value it is important to consider it from different perspectives and to consider attrition related to the total working time spent in educational settings across a career rather than percentage leaving teaching after a set of years.
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| 5. |
- Do, Lan, et al.
(författare)
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High Sensitivity Method to Estimate Distribution of Hyaluronan Molecular Sizes in Small Biological Samples Using Gas-Phase Electrophoretic Mobility Molecular Analysis.
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cell Biology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-8876 .- 1687-8884.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hyaluronan is a negatively charged polydisperse polysaccharide where both its size and tissue concentration play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. The various functions of hyaluronan depend on its molecular size. Up to now, it has been difficult to study the role of hyaluronan in diseases with pathological changes in the extracellular matrix where availability is low or tissue samples are small. Difficulty to obtain large enough biopsies from human diseased tissue or tissue from animal models has also restricted the study of hyaluronan. In this paper, we demonstrate that gas-phase electrophoretic molecular mobility analyzer (GEMMA) can be used to estimate the distribution of hyaluronan molecular sizes in biological samples with a limited amount of hyaluronan. The low detection level of the GEMMA method allows for estimation of hyaluronan molecular sizes from different parts of small organs. Hence, the GEMMA method opens opportunity to attain a profile over the distribution of hyaluronan molecular sizes and estimate changes caused by disease or experimental conditions that has not been possible to obtain before.
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| 6. |
- Fonseca, Lars, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Lärarassistenter och lärare - samarbete, arbetsdelning eller konflikt?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nordisk netværk for Professionsforskning.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Problemställning: Internationella studier visar att svenska lärare ägnar mer tid åt administration och mindre åt undervisning och kompetensutveckling än lärare i andra OECD-länder (OECD, 2013). I Sverige styrs skolan offensivt med ökade inslag av granskning och kontroll, vikande PISA-resultat och en ökande lärarbrist (Bejerot m.fl., 2015; UKÄ, 2016).Trycket på svenska lärare är högt och skilda initiativ tas för att lärare ska kunna fokusera på "kärnuppdraget". Bland annat föreslås införandet av avlastande tjänster, lärarassistenter. Innehållet i avlastningen beskrivs emellertid på olika sätt. Introduktionen av lärarassistenter kan ses som ett försök till intern stratifiering av läraryrket, där arbetet delas upp och där delar av arbetet lämnas över till andra yrkesgrupper. Följden blir att professionella domäner behöver förhandlas, förskjutas och fördelas.Frågeställningar:- Vilka delar av lärares arbete förväntar skolledare att redan införda avlastande tjänster skall ta över?- Vilka förväntningar på önskvärda avgränsningar mellan professionella domäner beskrivs av lärarna själva?- Vilka förväntningar om professionell domän för den nya yrkeskategorin lärarassistenter beskrivs i utbildningsinformation för lärarassistentutbildningar?- Harmonierar dessa olika förväntningar? Finns potentiella eller redan konstaterade konfliktytor? Teoretiska utgångspunkter:Introduktionen av lärarassistenter i den svenska skolan medför med stor sannolikhet att skolorganisationens ekologi rubbas, att professionella rörelser uppstår och att professionella domäner förhandlas, förskjuts och fördelas. (Abbott, 1988). Ett tydliggörande av läraryrkets kärna (Lindqvist & Nordänger, 2007; Gardesten, 2016) och en nyintroducerad arbetsspecialisering kan betraktas som ett sätt att förstärka läraryrkets professionella status. Men introduktionen av nya yrkesgrupper kan lika gärna uppfattas som ett hot mot det professionella. Idén om införandet av lärarassistenter ”översätts” således på olika sätt - i olika praktiker - av olika aktörer (Czarniawska & Joerges, 1996) där uppfattningar om vad som är kärnan i lärararbetet (Gardesten, 2016; Lindqvist & Nordänger, 2007) och vad framstår som ”smutsigt” (Landahl, 2006; Hughes, 1958/1981) kan skilja sig åt. Metoder:- Webb-enkät till skolledare om innehållet i 408 införda avlastande tjänster.- Enkäter till 65 lärare vid tre skolor där lärarassistenter införts. Enkätfrågor om vilka arbetsuppgifter lärarna vill bli av med, vill behålla, vill tillföra respektive vill samarbete med andra yrkesprofessioner om. Uppföljande intervjuer om utfallet av arbetsfördelningen med olika professioner på de tre skolorna.- Innehållsanalys av utbildningsplaner för 18 svenska lärarassistentutbildningarEmpiriskt fält:Professionella domäner i skolan
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| 7. |
- Geijer, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Early Psoriatic Arthritis Registry 5-year Followup : Substantial Radiographic Progression Mainly in Men with High Disease Activity and Development of Dactylitis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - : The Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 42:11, s. 2110-2117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To describe early radiographic findings in patients from the Swedish psoriatic arthritis (SwePsA) registry, progression of destruction, correlations with clinical disease variables, and predictors of destruction. Methods. Hand and foot radiographs were available for 72 of 197 SwePsA patients followed for 5 years. Clinical data were collected according to the SwePsA protocol. Results. Disease characteristics and clinical improvement were similar in men and women. Radiographic abnormalities were more pronounced in men. Total Wassenberg radiographic score at baseline was 0 in 45% of men and 51% of women. One man and one woman had a score >10. At 5 years, total score was 0 in 14% of men and 40% of women (p = 0.018); 17% of men and 7% of women had scores >10. Mean total scores for men and women had increased. Baseline erythrocyte sedimentation rate was associated with baseline total radiographic score. In men, swollen joint count was positively, and in women tender joint count negatively, correlated to total radiographic score. After 5 years, only male scores, mainly hand scores, significantly correlated with 28-joint Disease Activity Score and Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis scores, swollen joint count, and dactylitis. Achieving remission or minimal disease activity after 5 years protected against structural damage, mainly in men. Conclusion. Radiographic progression in early PsA was generally slow but substantial. Male sex appears to be a risk factor for early radiographic damage while the presence of baseline radiographic damage and dactylitis developing during followup seem to predict further destruction. Hand and foot radiograph scoring cannot be substituted with clinical signs.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hellman, Urban, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Hyaluronan concentration and molecular mass in psoriatic arthritis : biomarkers of disease severity, resistance to treatment, and outcome
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 48:4, s. 284-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Low molecular mass hyaluronan causes inflammatory processes and can act as a pro-inflammatory cytokine in skin and other sites of activity in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study investigated whether the molecular mass distribution of hyaluronan (HA) in skin and the quantity of circulating HA are related to the clinical inflammatory picture in PsA with active disease and to the effect of treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF-α) adalimumab.Methods: Twenty patients with TNF-α-naïve active polyarticular PsA were included in this prospective clinical trial of treatment with 40 mg s.c. adalimumab according to standard procedure. Clinical activity, patients’ assessments, and skin biopsies were captured at inclusion and at the 12 week follow-up. Ten healthy individuals were recruited for comparison of HA analyses. Histochemistry of skin inflammation, serum HA, and molecular mass of HA were determined.Results: Overall improvements in clinical parameters were observed. Eight of 18 patients reached minimum disease activity after 12 weeks and disease activity was significantly reduced (p < 0.0001). Patients with elevated serum HA values were significantly older, had later onset of arthritis and more deformed joints, still had swollen joints after treatment, and had more circulating inflammatory biomarkers. More severe disease pathology showed a wide spectrum of high-molecular-mass HA accompanied by low mass HA. The treatment appears partly to normalize the HA mass distribution.Conclusion: HA concentration and mass seem to be two possible factors in the inflammatory pathology of PsA acting as biomarkers for disease severity, resistance to treatment, and worse outcome.
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| 11. |
- Henrohn, Dan
(författare)
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Pulmonary Hypertension and the Nitric Oxide System
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological state associated with several medical conditions, leading to progressive rise in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and right ventricular failure. The clinical PH classification encompasses five main World Health Organization (WHO) groups; pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), PH due to left heart disease, PH due to lung diseases and/or hypoxia, chronic thromboembolic PH, and PH with unclear multifactorial mechanisms. Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent vasodilator. Impaired NO production via the classical L-arginine-NO synthase (NOS) pathway has been implicated in PH. Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors augment NO signalling, and are considered as one of the cornerstone treatments in PAH. The studies in this thesis aim at to explore and expand the understanding of the NO system in patients with PH.In paper I, we found that PAH patients (WHO group 1) have lower bronchial NO flux compared to healthy controls and patients with PH (WHO group 2–4). This implies reduced bronchial NO formation in PAH. Compared to healthy controls, increased alveolar NO levels were found in patients with PH (WHO group 1-4) and patients with PAH. This may reflect NO diffusion disturbances in the alveoli. PAH patients had higher plasma and salivary levels of nitrite than healthy controls, which may reflect a compensatory upregulation of NOS-independent NO generating pathways.In paper II, we observed that a single oral dose of vardenafil (a PDE5 inhibitor) causes rapid changes in cardiopulmonary haemodynamics in PH patients with PH (WHO group 1-4). We found a correlation between plasma vardenafil concentrations and the changes in mean pulmonary arterial pressure as well as PVR.In paper III, we show that a single oral dose of vardenafil to patients with PH (WHO group 1-4) alter the plasma levels of arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and the arginine/ADMA ratio in a favourable manner. The increase in arginine and the arginine/ADMA ratio were associated with improved cardiac index, and the increase in the arginine/ADMA ratio at 540 min correlated with the exposure to vardenafil. Higher baseline plasma levels of ADMA and SDMA and a low arginine/ADMA ratio was associated with a more severe pulmonary haemodynamic disease state in patients with PH.In paper IV, we found that ingestion of beetroot juice, containing inorganic nitrate, increased plasma and salivary levels of nitrate and nitrite, increased exhaled NO, decreased plasma ornithine levels and increased relative arginine availability in patients with PAH compared to placebo. Higher plasma levels of nitrite after the placebo period, reflecting basal conditions, were associated with a more severe PAH phenotype. Our findings indicate that the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway is active and upregulated in PAH patients.
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| 12. |
- Kerje, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Is low molecular hyaluronan an early indicator of disease in avian systemic sclerosis?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Connective Tissue Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0300-8207 .- 1607-8438. ; 57:5, s. 337-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM OF THE STUDY: To further elucidate the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) an experimental avian model was used. University of California at Davies line 200-chicken (UCD-200) spontaneously develops a SSc like disease that has most features of human SSc with vascular effects, inflammation, autoimmunity and fibrosis. The first signs of disease in UCD-200 are swelling and ischemic lesions of the comb, a tissue containing high amounts of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan. The aim was to evaluate inflammatory and fibrotic processes of the disease with regard to the molecular weight of hyaluronan.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Comb biopsies from UCD-200 and healthy White Leghorn (WL) chickens as controls at different ages were studied with histochemical localization of hyaluronan, hyaluronidase 1, CD3, IgY and collagen I and III. Hyaluronan molecular weight distribution was estimated with gas phase electrophoretic analysis.RESULTS: At 2 days of age hyaluronan was visualized in UCD-200 at the dermal part of the comb with no simultaneous staining of Hyal-1. In adult UCD-200 the comb skin was almost totally devoid of hyaluronan compared to WL of the same age. An increase of low molecular weight (LMW) hyaluronan was detected in comb tissue from UCD-200 at 1 day, 1, 2, 4 weeks in contrast to adult animals.CONCLUSIONS: An early inflammatory process involving LMW hyaluronan was confirmed as a possible profibrotic process. This indicates that hyaluronan might be an important participant in early inflammatory events of SSc in UCD-200 chicken and that disappearance of hyaluronan in skin predisposes to fibrosis.
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| 13. |
- Laasonen, Leena, et al.
(författare)
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Radiographic development during three decades in a patient with psoriatic arthritis mutilans
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 4:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psoriatic arthritis mutilans (PAM) is the most severe and rare form of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We describe radiological development in a typical case of PAM covering three decades in order to elucidate the need for early diagnosis of PAM. Radiographs of hands and feet, taken from 1981 to 2010, were evaluated using the Psoriatic Arthritis Ratingen Score (PARS). When PsA was diagnosed, in 1981, gross deformity was observed in the second PIP joint of the left foot. Several pencil-in-cup deformities and gross osteolysis were present in the feet in the first decade of the disease. Over 10 years, many joints had reached maximum scores. During the follow-up, other joints became involved and the disease developed clinically. Reporting early signs suggestive of PAM, e.g. pencil-in cup deformities and gross osteolysis in any joint, should be mandatory and crucial. This would heighten our awareness of PAM, accelerate the diagnosis, and lead to improved effective treatment in order to minimize joint damages resulting in PAM.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Lindqvist, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Already elsewhere - A study of (skilled) teachers' choice to leave teaching
- 2016
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Ingår i: Teaching and Teacher Education. - : Elsevier BV. - 0742-051X .- 1879-2480. ; 54:February, s. 88-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article presents findings from a longitudinal study (1993–2014) examining how ex-teachers, who were perceived as “skilled” during teacher training, describe their paths out of the profession and discussing the possibility of retaining or re-recruiting teachers in - or back to - the occupation. The result emphasizes teacher attrition as a process related to identity-making within the interrelation between opportunity structures and individuals' frames of reference. Findings indicate that leavers with broader frames of references and images of themselves not attuned to apprehended professional identity are more likely to leave the profession.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Lindqvist, Per, et al.
(författare)
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En gång lärare alltid lärare
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pedagogiska Magasinet. - : Lärarförbundet. - 1401-3320. ; :21 september
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Lärare trivs och stannar länge i yrket. Möjlighet till variation, vidareutbildning och tillfälliga pauser är ofta avgörande. Det visar en studie av lärare under ett kvarts sekel.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Lindqvist, Per, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Notions of discretionary power. Images over time
- 2018
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Ingår i: Teacher Education & Practice. - : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. - 0890-6459. ; 31:3, s. 404-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 20. |
- Lindqvist, Per, et al.
(författare)
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"Separating the wheat from the chaff" - failures in the practice based parts of swedish teacher education
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research. - Flacq : Society for Research and Knowledge Management. - 1694-2493 .- 1694-2116. ; 17:1, s. 83-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present case study is part of a larger project where the overall ambition is to understand how an organization, through its way of arguing for the failures in student teaching, at the same time constitutes what is accepted as sufficient teacher quality. The article examines the students short comings from the supervisors and teacher educators perspectives. The analysis shows that the indicators of failure include passivity and rigidity, lack of posture, social timing and selfawareness. The indicators can be categorized into two groups of failures, "those that are of too light weight" and "those carrying some weight". Critical for the categorization was the time for the discovery of the short comings as well as the assessors' experiences of hope for development. The result is then set in relation to the on-going discussion in Sweden about the possibility of introducing an aptitude test before admission to teacher education.
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| 21. |
- Lindqvist, Ulla, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Disease activity in and quality of life of patients with psoriatic arthritis mutilans : the Nordic PAM Study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 46:6, s. 454-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the social status and health-related quality of life of patients with psoriatic arthritis mutilans (PAM) in the Nordic countries.Method: Patients with at least one mutilated joint confirmed by radiology were studied. Disease activity involving joints and skin, physician-assessed disease activity, and patient's education and work status were recorded. Data from the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, Health Assessment Questionnaire and Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire were gathered and correlated with disease duration, pain, and general well-being (visual analogue scale). The controls were 58 Swedish patients with long-standing psoriatic arthritis sine PAM.Results: Sixty-seven patients were included. Patients with PAM had a protracted disease history (3314years) and disease onset at a relatively early age (30 +/- 12years). Overall inflammatory activity at inclusion was mild to moderate. The mean number of mutilated joints was 8.2 and gross deformity was found in 16% of patients. Forty per cent were treated with biological and 32% with conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Forty-two per cent had retired early or were on sick leave. Impaired functional capacity with little or no ability to perform self-care or everyday tasks was reported by 21% of the patients. Patients between 45 and 60years of age reported the most impaired quality of life in comparison to the control group.Conclusion: PAM seriously affects social functioning. Whether early recognition of PAM and new forms of therapy can improve disease outcome and quality of life remains to be studied.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Matt, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated Membrane and Soluble CD64 : A Novel Marker Reflecting Altered Fc gamma R Function and Disease in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis That Can Be Regulated by Anti-Rheumatic Treatment
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Fc receptors (FcR) interacting with immune complexes (ICs) is a central event in the immune pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here we asked if a specific FcR is linked to RA pathogenesis and if FcR activities relate to disease and treatment outcome in early RA. Material and Methods Twenty autoantibody-positive RA patients and 33 HC were included. The patients were evaluated before and after treatment with methotrexate and prednisolone. At follow-up, the EULAR response criteria were applied to determine the individual treatment outcomes. Serum immunoglobulin levels were measured and the expression of FcR for IgG (Fc gamma R) and IgA (Fc alpha R) on peripheral blood monocytes were determined by flow cytometry. The monocytic Fc gamma R function was evaluated by human IgG1 and IgG3 IC-binding and TNF alpha stimulated release. Plasma levels of soluble FcRs (sFcRs) were determined with ELISA. Results The IgG1 and IgG3 levels were elevated in the RA sera. The RA monocytes expressed more CD64 and cell surface-bound IgG than HC monocytes, and showed an impaired Fc gamma R function as reflected by changes in IC-binding and decreased IC-stimulated TNF alpha secretion. These findings correlated significantly with different disease activity markers. Furthermore, sFcRs were elevated in the patient plasma, and sCD64 was specific for RA (compared with a reference group of patients with active psoriatic arthritis). Following treatment, immunoglobulins and sFcR levels were reduced, whereas membrane CD64 was only decreased in patients with good response to treatment. Conclusions Early RA patients display increased membrane and soluble CD64 and an impaired Fc gamma R function correlating with joint disease activity. Beneficial responses of anti-rheumatic treatment in patients reduce CD64. These data suggest sCD64 as an important objective biomarker in RA.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Matt, Peter
(författare)
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Fc receptors and immunoglobulins in polyarthritis : A matter of function, supply and demand?
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fc receptors (FcR) and immunoglobulins (Ig) play important roles in the defence against pathogens. However, altered interactions of these may promote chronic inflammation in rheumatic diseases. An excess of Igs forming immune complexes (IC) could lead to continuous FcR activation and spreading of autoimmune inflammation to other tissues.This work focuses on the evaluation of the FcR status and function in the two most common polyarthritides - psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) – in relation to various Igs, joint and skin disease activity, and effect of anti-rheumatic treatment (determined by the EULAR response criteria for RA). Monocyte subpopulations (defined by surface CD14 and CD16 expressions) in patients and HC were also characterised, since different monocyte subsets may have opposing functions in inflammatory conditions. In addition, the effect and safety of long-term B-cell suppression in advanced RA was studied.In PsA, elevated serum levels of IgG1, 2, and 3 were noted while the early naïve RA patients - besides being positive for autoantibodies like IgMRF, IgARF, IgGRF, and ACPA IgG - were distinguished by high levels of IgG1 and IgG3. Monocytes of PsA and RA patients were heavily loaded with IgG and expressed more CD64 (i.e. the high affinity FcγR) than HC. An increase in CD64 turnover was specific for early RA, while a higher CD16a (i.e. a low affinity FcγR) turnover was seen in both RA and PsA compared with HC. The FcγR function was impaired in both polyarthritides compared to HC, but the RA monocytes were more affected of this than the PsA monocytes. RA non-responders had a much lower capacity of IC binding compared with RA good responders. Alterations of the FcR status and function reflected joint disease activity markers in both polyarthritides but not the skin disease activity in PsA. I therefore conclude that the observed FcR statuses in both diseases were specific for joint inflammation. In addition, RA patients with high levels and the occurrence of several simultaneously appearing RF isotypes presented a minor FcγR function, while patients experiencing a good treatment effect were more likely to show low levels of Igs. This suggests that RFs/IC in excess could be important promotors of the ongoing inflammation in RA. However, for ACPA IgG no associations with the rheumatoid monocytic FcR status/function were noted. CD16negative classical monocytes were elevated in early naïve RA, especially in the non-responders - while PsA patients showed an increase in CD16low expressing cells compared to HC. These observations indicate that different monocyte subpopulations could be important in the two polyarthritides. In a cohort of RA patients with advanced disease, long-term B-cell suppression resulted in conversion to RF negativity which indicated a good treatment response but not an increased risk of infection. FcRs and Igs are important players that promote chronicity of inflammation in polyarthritis, especially in RA. An impaired FcγR function following an excess of Igs/IC reflects this state of the immune system. This work has identified an increased monocytic CD64 turnover as a RA specific feature. Future treatment options in RA might include supporting/normalizing the FcγR function. Today suppressing B-cell activity is an effective and relatively safe way to tackle the problem from the opposite side.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Matt, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Up-regulation of CD64-expressing monocytes with impaired Fc gamma R function reflects disease activity in polyarticular psoriatic arthritis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 44:6, s. 464-473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess monocyte Fc receptor (FcR) status and function in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in relation to healthy controls (HC) and to disease activity.Method:The study population comprised 23 patients with active polyarticular PsA and 33 age- and gender-matched HC. Immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, inflammatory laboratory parameters, patient-reported outcomes of joint disease activity, skin scoring (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, PASI), and joint status were determined in the patients. Monocytes were analysed for the expression of FcRs for IgG (FcR) class I (CD64), IIa (CD32a), IIb (CD32b), and III (CD16), the FcR for IgA (FcR) (CD89), and surface-bound IgG. The monocytic FcR function was assessed by evaluating IgG immune complex (IC) binding and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- production following IgG-IC stimulation. The monocytes were further subdivided and analysed according to their CD14 and CD16 expression.Results:The PsA patients presented elevated serum levels of IgG1, 2, and 3 and increased numbers of CD64(+) monocytes. Furthermore, the PsA monocytes exhibited increased cell-bound IgG, and the FcR function was affected in terms of reduced IgG-IC-mediated TNF- release. These findings correlated significantly with different markers of joint disease activity. PsA was also accompanied by an increase in the CD16 low-expressing monocyte subset.Conclusions:An intensified humoral immune response affects monocytes and their FcR status in active polyarticular PsA. The up-regulated CD64(+) monocytes seem to be have an important role in psoriatic joint inflammation. These cells may prove to be a useful target in future PsA therapeutic interventions.
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- Nordänger, Ulla Karin, et al.
(författare)
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"Det såg vi ifrån början..."? : Underkännanden i den svenska lärarutbildningens verksamhetsförlagda delar
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nordic Studies in Education. - 1891-5914 .- 1891-5949. ; 35:1, s. 51-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Föreliggande studie är en del av ett större projekt där den övergripande ambitionen är att förstå hur en organisation, genom sitt sätt att argumentera kring underkännanden av lärarstuderande i verksamhetsförlagd utbildning, konstituerar lärarkvalitet. I artikeln studeras vilka brister handledare och lärarutbildare från universitetet indikerar som avgörande för ett underkännande. Analysen visar att indikatorerna för underkännande utgörs av passivitet och rigiditet samt brist på hållning, social timing och självinsikt. Indikatorerna kan kategoriseras i två grupper av underkännanden, ”de inte lämpade” och ”de kanske lämpade”. Avgörande för kategoriseringen var tidpunkt för upptäckt av bristerna samt bedömarnas upplevelser av hopp om utveckling. Resultatet sätts sedan i relation till den pågående diskussionen i Sverige om möjligheten att införa ett lämplighetstest innan antagning till lärarutbildning
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- Nordänger, Ulla Karin, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Teacher education in Sweden
- 2018. - 2
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Ingår i: International Handbook of Teacher Education World Wide. - Nicosia : HM Studies. - 9789963241569 - 9789963241576 ; , s. 407-420
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Näppä, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Routine assessment of performance status during palliative chemotherapy when approaching end-of-life
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 21, s. 266-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Palliative chemotherapy treatment (PCT) offered late in the cancer disease trajectory may be problematic. It is not easy to accurately calculate whether the potential benefits will outweigh the side effects. This study investigates whether routine use of the Performance Status in Palliative Chemotherapy questionnaire (PSPC) affects the proportions of patients receiving PCT during the last month of life, care utilization, and documentation routines. A secondary aim was to gather registered nurses' experiences of the PSPC in routine use.Methods: Eighty incurable patients with cancer who had used the PSPC before PCT were compared to 160 matched controls, using non-parametric tests. Nurses' reflections on the PSPC were collected and reviewed.Results: No significant differences were found between users and non-users of the PSPC in terms of proportions receiving PCT during the last month of life. Higher proportions of patients older than 74 years received PCT than in previous studies (40% versus 17%). Nurses considered the questionnaires to be a valuable complement to verbal information when trying to acquire an accurate picture of patients' performance status.Conclusion: At this point in the development of the PSPC we did not find any significant decreases in the proportion of patients receiving PCT during the last month in life. However, as the nurses valued the PSPC, it can be used as a complementary tool in assessment of performance status until further research is conducted.
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- Westerlund, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Public awareness of palliative care in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 46:4, s. 478-487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the awareness of palliative care (PC) in a general Swedish population.DESIGN: We developed an e-survey based on a similar study conducted in Northern Ireland, consisting of 10 questions. Closed questions were primarily analyzed using descriptive statistics. Open questions were subject to inductive qualitative analysis.SUBJECTS: The study utilized a population sample of 7684 persons aged 18-66, of which 2020 responded, stratified by gender, age and region.RESULTS: Most participants reported 'no' ( n = 827, 41%) or 'some' ( n = 863, 43%) awareness of PC. Being female or older were associated with higher levels of awareness, as was a university-level education, working in a healthcare setting and having a friend or family member receiving PC. Most common sources of knowledge were the media, close friends and relatives receiving PC, as well as working in a healthcare setting. Aims of PC were most frequently identified as 'care before death', 'pain relief', 'dignity' and a 'peaceful death'. The preferred place of care and death was one's own home. The main barriers to raising awareness about PC were fear, shame and taboo, along with perceived lack of information and/or personal relevance. The term 'palliative care' was said to be unfamiliar by many. A number of strategies to enhance awareness and access to PC were suggested, largely reflecting the previously identified barriers.CONCLUSIONS: This survey found limited awareness of palliative care in an adult sample of the Swedish general public ≤ 66 years, and points to a more widespread disempowerment surrounding end-of-life issues.
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