| 1. |
- Wang, Mengmeng, et al.
(författare)
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Statistical analysis of whistler precursors upstream of foreshock transient shocks : MMS observations
- 2024
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 51:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the high-time-resolution data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, precursor waves upstream of foreshock transient (FT) shocks are statistically investigated using the four-spacecraft timing method. The wave frequencies and wave vectors determined in the plasma rest frame (PRF) are shown to follow the cold plasma dispersion relation for whistler waves. Combining with the feature of the right-hand polarization in the PRF, the precursors are identified as whistler-mode waves around the lower hybrid frequency. The occurrence of whistler precursors is independent of the Alfvén Mach number and the FT shock normal angle. More importantly, all the whistler precursors have group velocities pointing upstream in the shock frame, suggesting the dispersive radiation to be a possible generation mechanism. The study improves the understanding of not only the whistler precursors but also the overall FT shock dynamics.
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| 2. |
- Marouli, Eirini, et al.
(författare)
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Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 542:7640, s. 186-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height increasing alleles of STC2 (giving an increase of 1-2 centimetres per allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 in vitro, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes that are mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (such as ADAMTS3, IL11RA and NOX4) and pathways (such as proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate-to-large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.
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| 3. |
- Turcot, Valerie, et al.
(författare)
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Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:1, s. 26-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%) coding variants associated with BMI. We identified 14 coding variants in 13 genes, of which 8 variants were in genes (ZBTB7B, ACHE, RAPGEF3, RAB21, ZFHX3, ENTPD6, ZFR2 and ZNF169) newly implicated in human obesity, 2 variants were in genes (MC4R and KSR2) previously observed to be mutated in extreme obesity and 2 variants were in GIPR. The effect sizes of rare variants are similar to 10 times larger than those of common variants, with the largest effect observed in carriers of an MC4R mutation introducing a stop codon (p.Tyr35Ter, MAF = 0.01%), who weighed similar to 7 kg more than non-carriers. Pathway analyses based on the variants associated with BMI confirm enrichment of neuronal genes and provide new evidence for adipocyte and energy expenditure biology, widening the potential of genetically supported therapeutic targets in obesity.
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| 4. |
- Liu, Xiaoqin, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping of Nonhomologous End Joining-Mediated Integration Facilitates Genome-Scale Trackable Mutagenesis in Yarrowia lipolytica
- 2022
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Ingår i: ACS Synthetic Biology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2161-5063. ; 11:1, s. 216-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-scale mutagenesis, phenotypic screening, and tracking the causal mutations is a powerful approach for genetic analysis. However, classic mutagenesis approaches require extensive effort to identify causal mutations. It is desirable to demonstrate a powerful approach for rapid trackable mutagenesis. Here, we mapped the distribution of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated integration for the first time and demonstrated that it can be used for constructing the genome-scale trackable mutagenesis library in Yarrowia lipolytica. The sequencing of 9.15 x 10(5) insertions showed that NHEJ-mediated integration inserted DNA randomly across the chromosomes, and the transcriptional regulatory regions exhibited integration preference. The insertions were located in both nucleosome-occupancy regions and nucleosome-free regions. Using NHEJ-mediated integration to construct the genome-scale mutagenesis library, the new targets that improved beta-carotene biosynthesis and acetic acid tolerance were identified rapidly. This mutagenesis approach is readily applicable to other organisms with strong NHEJ preference and will contribute to cell factory construction.
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| 5. |
- Qi, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Levels, distribution, childhood exposure assessment, and influencing factors of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in household dust from nine cities in China
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 874
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Household dust is an important source of premature exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), especially for children. In this onsite study, 246 dust samples were collected from 224 households in nine Chinese cities during 2018–2019. Questionnaires were administered to explore the association between household-related information and PBDEs in household dust. The median concentration of Σ12PBDEs in household dust from 9 cities was 138 ng/g (94–227 ng/g), with the arithmetic mean of 240 ± 401 ng/g. Among the nine cities, the highest median concentration of Σ12PBDEs in household dust was found in Mianyang (295.57 ng/g), while the lowest was found in Wuxi (23.15 ng/g). BDE-71 was the most dominant congener, ranging from 42.08 % to 98.15 % of the 12 PBDE congeners among 9 cities. Three potential sources for the indoor environment were Penta-BDE, Octa-BDE commercial products, and photolytic bromine from Deca-BDEs based on the largest contribution (81.24 %). Under the moderate exposure scenario, the exposure levels through ingestion and dermal absorption for children were 7.30 × 10−1 ng/kg BW/day and 3.26 × 10−2 ng/kg BW/day, respectively. Temperature, CO2, years of residence, income, family size, household size, use of computers, heating, use of insecticide, and use of humidifiers were influential factors for PBDE concentrations in household dust. Based on the evidence of the correlation between PBDEs and these household parameters, it can be applied to reduce PBDE concentrations in household dust, which is a basis for controlling PBDEs pollution in Chinese households and protecting population health.
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| 6. |
- Wang, Xinqi, et al.
(författare)
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Levels, distribution, sources and children health risk of PAHs in residential dust : A multi-city study in China
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 862
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical residential pollutants mainly from biofuel combustion that impose inevitable risk to children. The PAHs in residential dust is universal in most Chinese households with an obvious public health concern.Methods: In this observational study, a total of 235 residential dust samples from 8 Chinese cities (Panjin, Shijiazhuang, Lanzhou, Luoyang, Xi'an, Wuxi, Mianyang, and Shenzhen) were collected from April 2018 to March 2019, which were extracted and analyzed for 16 priority PAHs by HPLC/FD-UV. Diagnostic ratios, hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis were applied simultaneously for source apportionments. Incremental lifetime cancer risk was employed to estimate children's health risks based on the assumed exposure scenarios. Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and Partial Least Squares were used to screen the factors affecting the concentration of PAHs in residential dust.Results: The median concentration of ∑16PAHs in residential dust from 8 cities was 44.11 μg/g (0.04 - 355.79 μg/g). ∑16PAHs were found both higher in dust samples in heating season and from downwind households only in Mianyang (p < 0.05). The leading two sources of PAHs were combustion processes and automobile exhaust emissions based on four principal components that accounted for 74.29 % of the total variance. Indoor air environmental factors, household characteristics, and residents' behavioral lifestyles may be the influencing factors of residential dust PAHs. The carcinogenic risk of children aged 0 - 5 years, under the moderate exposure level of PAHs in residential dust, exceeded the acceptable level (10−5 - 10−4 for dermal contact and 10−6 - 10−5 for ingestion).Conclusions: There was serious PAHs pollution in residential dust under actual living conditions in eight cities across China. More evidence-based measures were needed to control PAHs pollution to safeguard children's health according to appointed sources and influencing factors in residential dust.
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| 7. |
- Cao, Yuanyuan, et al.
(författare)
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Improving the surveillance and response system to achieve and maintain malaria elimination : a retrospective analysis in Jiangsu Province, China
- 2022
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Ingår i: INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY. - : Springer Nature. - 2095-5162 .- 2049-9957. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Following initiation of China's National Malaria Elimination Action Plan (NMEAP) in 2010, the '1-3-7' approach was developed and rolled out in China to facilitate the malaria elimination programme and accelerate malaria elimination. This study aims to summarize and condense these experiences through a retrospective analysis in Jiangsu Province, which could be adapted and applied in other malaria elimination settings worldwide.Methods: A retrospective analysis of imported malaria cases into China identified through an improved surveillance and response system in Jiangsu Province was carried out for the period of 2001-2020. To improve the malaria surveillance and response system, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention from the prefectures and counties in Jiangsu province conducted population-level health education to improve healthcare seeking behavior, strengthened capacity of health facilities to improve performance of malaria diagnosis and treatment, and raised the capacity of public health providers to improve implementation of the '1-3-7' approach. Categorical variables were carried out by Chi square tests with Fisher's exact correction.Results: From 2001 to 2020, a total of 9,879 malaria cases were reported in Jiangsu Province. Since 2012, no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in Jiangsu Province. However, in recent years, there has been a substantial increase of imported falciparum malaria cases. Between 2012 and 2020, an estimated 61.57 million individuals have benefited from population-level health education in Jiangsu Province. For healthcare-seeking services among the 2,423 imported malaria cases, 687 (28.4%) and 1,104 (45.6%) cases visited hospitals on the first day and the second day from symptom onset, respectively. A total of 1,502 (61.9%) cases were diagnosed on the first day at medical facilities. Jiangsu Province achieved 100%, 99.4% and 98.3% completion rate in terms of case detection and notification (within one day), case investigation (within three days) and foci response and disposition (within seven days), respectively. The improved surveillance and response system in Jiangsu Province plays an important role in preventing the re-introduction of malaria and maintaining the malaria-free status.Conclusions: Jiangsu Province has maintained its malaria-free status since 2012. The continuous improvement of a surveillance and response system plays an important role in the early detection and rapid response of potential malaria-related outbreaks in Jiangsu, China, and has important lessons for other malaria eliminating settings. Remaining vigilant in the detection of imported malaria cases and maintaining an active surveillance and response system is critical to sustain the success of malaria elimination.
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| 8. |
- Gai, Fangyuan, et al.
(författare)
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Novel Schiff base (DBDDP) selective detection of Fe (III) : Dispersed in aqueous solution and encapsulated in silica cross-linked micellar nanoparticles in living cell
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 514, s. 357-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work demonstrated the synthesis of (4E)-4-(4-(diphenylamino)benzylideneamino)-1,2-dihydro-1,5- dimethyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-one (DBDDP) for Fe (III) detection in aqueous media and in the core of silica cross-linked micellar nanoparticles in living cells. The free DBDDP performed fluorescence enhancement due to Fe (III)-promoted hydrolysis in a mixed aqueous solution, while the DBDDP-doped silica cross-linked micellar nanoparticles (DBDDP-SCMNPs) performed an electron-transfer based fluorescence quenching of Fe (III) in living cells. The quenching fluorescence of DBDDP-SCMNPs and the concentration of Fe (III) exhibited a linear correlation, which was in accordance with the Stern-Volmer equation. Moreover, DBDDP-SCMNPs showed a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 ppm and an excellent selectivity against other metal ions. Due to the good solubility and biocompatibility, DBDDP-SCMNPs could be applied as fluorescence quenching nanosensors in living cells.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Chao, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and sources of childhood PAEs exposure from residential airborne dust in China cities
- 2025
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Sciences(China). - : Elsevier. - 1001-0742 .- 1878-7320. ; 152, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To explore the multicenter characteristics of endocrine-like phthalate esters (PAEs) in household dust and propose effective control strategies for global indoor public health. An on-site observational investigation was conducted in nine Chinese cities from 2018 to 2019. A total of 246 household dust samples were collected and analyzed for ten PAE congeners using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Questionnaires were used to gather information on building conditions, indoor behaviors, and ventilation habits. In residential dust from the nine cities, the total concentrations of the ten PAE congeners (∑PAEs) ranged from 0.921 to 29097.297 µg/g. Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the dominant congeners in ∑PAEs. Childhood exposure to PAEs through dust ingestion was four orders of magnitude higher than through inhalation, with a carcinogenic risk of 5.47 × 10−6 for DEHP exposure in household dust. Higher ∑PAEs concentrations were associated with higher temperature, double glazing, wall paint usage, television and computer use, and indoor plant growth. This multicenter on-site investigation confirmed PAE pollution characteristics and uncovered the inacceptable risk of daily DEHP exposure in household dust under real living conditions. Effective mitigation measures based on household-related information, residential characteristics, decoration materials, and lifestyle should be taken to build a healthy household environment.
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| 10. |
- Wang, Shuai, et al.
(författare)
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Alignment of social and ecological structures increased the ability of river management
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science Bulletin. - : Elsevier BV. - 2095-9273. ; 64:18, s. 1318-1324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large hydrologic basins involve multiple stakeholders, and coupled dynamic social and ecological processes. Managing such basins has long been a challenge. Balancing the demand for water from nature against that from humans is always difficult, particularly in arid watersheds. Here, we analyze potential institutional causes of ecological degradation and how it can be reversed by introducing new forms of governance. The framework and assumptions are illustrated using China's second-largest endorheic basin, where empirical evidence shows that the introduction of a new governing authority connecting midstream and downstream actors facilitated the establishment of a new governance regime that is better aligned with the biophysical scales of the watershed. A trans-regional water allocation project initiated by the new higher-level authority successfully rescued downstream oases and restored a dried terminal lake. These outcomes suggest that when social and ecological structures are better aligned our ability to manage the interplay between social and ecological processes increases. However, the lack of direct connection between the actors of the middle and lower reaches resulted in the paradox of an increase in water demand. We therefore suggest that measures to stimulate the emergence of horizontal social ties linking different critical groups of actors across the watershed could further the alignment of the institutional and biophysical structures-without these changes sustainable management of river basins and other common pool resources will remain problematic.
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| 11. |
- Xu, Zichen, et al.
(författare)
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Fast Catalytic Esterification Using a Hydrophobized Zr-MOF with Acidic Ionic Liquid Linkers
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chemistryselect. - : Wiley. - 2365-6549. ; 5:3, s. 1153-1156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Zr-MOF with an acidic ionic liquid linker ([bpyH][CF3SO3]) were externally hydrophobized with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) via a vapor deposition method (denoted as PDMS@UiO-67-CF3SO3). The morphology of UiO-67-CF3SO3 was well maintained after PDMS coating, and PDMS had little effect on the chemical properties of UiO-67-CF3SO3, while the hydrophobicity of the surface of UiO-67-CF3SO3 was improved greatly as demonstrated by water contact angle measurement. The derived hydrophobized PDMS@UiO-67-CF3SO3 exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the esterification of acetic acid and isooctyl alcohol, it only needed 4 h to reach the reaction equilibrium, while for UiO-67-CF3SO3, it was 18 h. The decrease in reaction time was mainly attributed to the accelerated the removal of water and isooctyl acetate, resulting the increase rate in the forward reaction. In addition, in the other esterification of acids and alcohols, PDMS@UiO-67-CF3SO3 also showed good catalytic performance.
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| 12. |
- Zhang, Liang, et al.
(författare)
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Deep Learning for Additive Screening in Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes
- 2022
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 61:37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Additive engineering with organic molecules is of critical importance for achieving high-performance perovskite optoelectronic devices. However, experimentally finding suitable additives is costly and time consuming, while conventional machine learning (ML) is difficult to predict accurately due to the limited experimental data available in this relatively new field. Here, we demonstrate a deep learning method that can predict the effectiveness of additives in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with a high accuracy up to 96 % by using a small dataset of 132 molecules. This model can maximize the information of the molecules and significantly mitigate the duplicated problem that usually happened with previous models in ML for molecular screening. Very high efficiency PeLEDs with a peak external quantum efficiency up to 22.7 % can be achieved by using the predicated additive. Our work opens a new avenue for further boosting the performance of perovskite optoelectronic devices.
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| 13. |
- Zhang, Zhizhong, et al.
(författare)
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Genetically Predicted Milk Intake and Risk of Neurodegenerative Diseases.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 13:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Milk intake has been associated with risk of neurodegenerative diseases in observational studies. Nevertheless, whether the association is causal remains unknown. We adopted Mendelian randomization design to evaluate the potential causal association between milk intake and common neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Genetic associations for neurodegenerative diseases were obtained from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (n = 80,094), FinnGen consortium (n = 176,899), AD GWAS (n = 63,926), Web-Based Study of Parkinson's Disease (n = 308,518), PDGene (n = 108,990), and ALS GWAS (n = 80,610). Lactase persistence variant rs4988235 (LCT-13910 C > T) was used as the instrumental variable for milk intake. Genetically predicted higher milk intake was associated with a decreased risk of MS and AD and with an increased risk of PD. For each additional milk intake increasing allele, the odds ratios were 0.94 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.91-0.97; p = 1.51 × 10-4) for MS, 0.97 (0.94-0.99; p = 0.019) for AD and 1.09 (95%CI: 1.06-1.12, p = 9.30 × 10-9) for PD. Genetically predicted milk intake was not associated with ALS (odds ratio: 0.97, 95%CI: 0.94-1.01, p = 0.135). Our results suggest that genetically predicted milk intake is associated with a decreased risk of MS and AD but with an increased risk of PD. Further investigations are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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| 14. |
- Zou, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Minimising efficiency roll-off in high-brightness perovskite light-emitting diodes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-1723. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Efficiency roll-off is a major issue for most types of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and its origins remain controversial. Here we present investigations of the efficiency roll-off in perovskite LEDs based on two-dimensional layered perovskites. By simultaneously measuring electroluminescence and photoluminescence on a working device, supported by transient photoluminescence decay measurements, we conclude that the efficiency roll-off in perovskite LEDs is mainly due to luminescence quenching which is likely caused by non-radiative Auger recombination. This detrimental effect can be suppressed by increasing the width of quantum wells, which can be easily realized in the layered perovskites by tuning the ratio of large and small organic cations in the precursor solution. This approach leads to the realization of a perovskite LED with a record external quantum efficiency of 12.7%, and the efficiency remains to be high, at approximately 10%, under a high current density of 500 mA cm(-2).
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