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| 2. |
- Chesbrough, Henry, et al.
(författare)
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Open innovation and public policy in Europe
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industrial innovation processes are becoming more open. The large, vertically integrated R&D laboratory systems of the 20th century are giving way to more vertically disintegrated networks of innovation that connect numerous companies into ecosystems. Since innovation policy ultimately rests on the activities and initiatives of the private sector, it is vital that policy follows this evolution.Previous innovation policies relied on large companies to act as the engines of innovation in the EU. While large companies remain quite relevant to innovation within the EU, they themselves report that their processes involve many more SMEs and other contributors outside their own walls. Therefore, innovation policy must also move outside the walls of these large companies and consider the roles of human capital, competition policy, financing, intellectual property, and public data in promoting an environment of open innovation.In this report, we combine new research and analysis on open innovation with focused interviews of major participants in the European innovation system. The result is a series of recommendations for public policies that could, if implemented, improve the climate for open innovation to take place in the European Union – and thereby improve the competitiveness of the European economy overall. Taken together, these recommendations comprise an informal ‘charter’ for EU open innovation policy. The authors would like to thank Esther Van Zimmeren of the Centre for Intellectual Property Rights (CIR) of the Catholic University of Leuven for her explanation of various aspects of the European patenting system and the role of patent pools and IP clearing houses.This report was commissioned by ESADE Business School in Barcelona and the Science|Business Innovation Board AISBL. The Board is a Belgian not-for-profit scientific association that commissions original policy research, engages with policymakers and the press, and works generally to improve the climate for innovation in Europe. Its three co-founders are Science|Business, ESADE and INSEAD, with participation and support from Microsoft, BP, SKF and Imperial College London. In addition, Pfizer contributed support for this particular study. Further information is at www.sciencebusiness.net. The Board is grateful to Máire GeogheganQuinn, EU Commissioner for Research, Innovation and Science, for her encouragement and comments on this research.
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- Du, Jingshu, et al.
(författare)
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When research meets development : antecedents and implications of transfer speed
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Journal of product innovation management. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0737-6782 .- 1540-5885. ; 31:6, s. 1181-1198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the organization of new product development in large, R&D-intensive firms. In these firms, research and development activities are often separated. Research is conducted in dedicated research projects at specialized research labs. Once research results are achieved by research projects, they are transferred to business units for further development and commercialization. We investigate the speed whereby research projects transfer their first research results to business units (hereafter: transfer speed). In particular, we analyze the antecedents and performance implications of transfer speed. Based on data of 503 research projects from a European R&D intensive manufacturing firm, our results suggest that a fast transfer speed (as measured by the time it takes for a research project to develop and transfer its first research result to business units) is associated with a better research performance (as measured by the total number of transfers the research project generates). Moreover, we find that different types of external R&D partners—science-based and market-based partners—play distinct roles in speeding up project first research transfers. While market-based partnerships (i.e., customers and suppliers) generally contribute to a faster transfer of first research results, science-based partnerships (i.e., universities and research institutions) only speed up first research transfers of technologically very complex projects. Our results also show that early patent filings by research projects accelerate first research transfers.
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| 4. |
- Lopez-Vega, Henry, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Connecting the Mediterranean system of innovation : a functional perspective
- 2011
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Ingår i: EuroMed Journal of Business. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1450-2194 .- 1758-888X. ; 6:1, s. 46-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a first exploratory overview of the Mediterraneansystemof innovation and present the results of interactiveworkwith 25 innovation delegates fromnorthernand southernMediterranean countries.The studycomes at awatershed for theUnion for theMediterranean,which is drawing up innovation policies for the future and debating ways of boosting core activities.Design/methodology/approach – This research benefits from the established literature oninnovation systems (IS) to study how Mediterranean countries are enhancing their innovationcapabilities. In collaboration with the European Institute of the Mediterranean, this research inviteddelegates from northern and southern Mediterranean countries, programme directors andrepresentatives from the European Commission to discuss national and regional innovation activitiesin their own countries.Findings – The data shed light on how activities conducted by public and private organisationsinfluence the IS functions, revealing shifting services and business models. Finally, the data highlightedthe need to draw up an innovation strategy to boost R&D capabilities.Originality/value – The value of this research lies in the application of the well-established IS approach to the Mediterranean case and a description of existing enabling and blocking mechanisms.
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| 7. |
- Lopez-Vega, Henry, et al.
(författare)
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The role of Brazilian subsidiary R&D in Swedish MNEs : towards tropicalized innovations?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Management of innovation and technology. - Göteborg : Institute for Management of Innovation and Technology (IMIT). - 2001-208X. ; :3, s. 6-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Emerging economies has received much interest lately, and perhaps most the so-called BRICS (Brazil, Russia; India, China, South Africa) markets due to their sheer size and economic growth. However, the importance of these markets have been further highlighted in technology-related phenomena such as frugal innovations at the bottom of the pyramid and reverse innovation patterns where products and services invented in emerging markets are diffusing around the globe.
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| 8. |
- Lopez-Vega, Henry, et al.
(författare)
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Value creation in mid-range emerging economies : Exploring SMEs strategies
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 Annual Conference Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emerging markets represent the new source of economic development. Yet, most innovation management research has centered only on newly developed economies such as Brazil, Chile. This manuscript focuses on exploring innovation activities on mid-range emerging markets i.e. Ecuador, Colombia. These types of markets are particularly relevant as have quickly moved from traditional emerging economies but are not considered yet newly developed economies. This paper focuses on the value creation activities at SMEs in the Ecuadorian market. Ecuador is categorized as a mid-range emerging economy as it has a high institutional development but a low infrastructure and market development. The findings of our paper reveal SMEs in mid-range emerging economies design strategies to create value for customers from emerged markets, use alliances to access the necessary material e.g. natural resources, products. Our study contributed to the growing literature on emerging markets and disentangles various strategies use by SMEs to succeed in developed economies.
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| 10. |
- Markowska, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Wine makers as cultural entrepreneurs : The tensions in crafting collective identity stories
- 2013
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings 2013. - : Academy of Management.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to craft a compelling collective identity story is central for value creation and appropriation in developing regions. In this process entrepreneurs often experience tensions between their individual and cultural values. Yet, extant literature has not scrutinized the impact of these tensions on entrepreneurial value creation. Building on an in-depth case study of five pioneers who drove the revival of a Spanish wine region, we propose a model that identifies the triggers to emergence of collective identity story and the tensions experienced in this process. We then discuss how the triggers influence the content of the story. Specifically, we suggest that early on entrepreneurs are likely to suppress their own individual values to create feeling of belonging and legitimacy, but with time their individual values begin to shape the content of the story by shifting emphasis to distinctiveness and their entrepreneurial agency.
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| 11. |
- Melander, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of technological uncertainty in supplier selection for NPD collaborations : Literature review and a case study
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning (IJTIP). - : InderScience Publishers. - 1740-2832 .- 1740-2840. ; 9:4, s. 323-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper combines a literature review and a case study of supplier selection for new product development (NPD) collaboration to illustrate the impact of technological uncertainty and how firms cope with it. In the review, 21 relevant papers were found after an extensive search. The case study is based on an NPD project to select suppliers for a cable for high voltage transmissions, transporting energy from wind farms at sea to stations located on land. The literature review reveals that supplier selection for NPD under technological uncertainty is indeed problematic. It is not clear from the literature review how firms should select suppliers. Some studies point towards the importance of prior collaborations while others suggest that firms should search for new suppliers and broaden their network. There are a number of aspects that our literature review does not tell us, and consequently we provide suggestions for future research.
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