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| 2. |
- Love, A, et al.
(author)
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Hepatitis C virus genotypes among blood donors and their recipients in Iceland determined by the polymerase chain reaction
- 1995
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In: Vox Sanguinis. - 1423-0410. ; 69:1, s. 18-22
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Eight antibody-positive individuals were detected among 12,000 blood donations during the first year of screening blood donors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies in Iceland. All 8 were found to have a history of intravenous drug abuse. Six of these 8 individuals had previously donated blood to 27 patients who could be traced and examined for HCV infection. The great majority (23/27, 85%) of the recipients had demonstrable HCV antibodies. Furthermore, RNA analysis with the polymerase chain reaction showed that all patients with HCV antibodies had HCV RNA in their serum and in one hemodialysis patient without HCV antibodies viral RNA could be demonstrated. Genotyping of the HCV strains showed that the genotype of the donor was also identified in all but one of the infected recipients of his/her blood or blood products. This study, therefore, substantiates high infectivity of the HCV by blood or blood factor donation and shows that viremic HCV antibody-negative individuals exist.
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| 3. |
- Chadwick, MB, et al.
(author)
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Open problems in quantum-mechanical approaches to multistep direct nuclear reactions
- 1999
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In: ACTA PHYSICA SLOVACA. - : SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS. - 0323-0465. ; 49:3, s. 365-379
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Open problems in the theoretical formulation and computational implementation of multistep direct preequilibrium reactions are discussed. Recommendations for future research on both theoretical and experimental aspects of the problem are given.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Love, A, et al.
(author)
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Hepatitis G virus infections in Iceland
- 1999
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In: Journal of Viral Hepatitis. - : Wiley. - 1365-2893 .- 1352-0504. ; 6:3, s. 255-260
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study describes the prevalence of hepatitisG virus (HGV) in Iceland, in blood donors and in persons with parenteral risk factors. Among 370 randomly selected Icelandic blood donors, the prevalence of HGV viraemia was 3.8%, whereas the prevalence of HGV antibodies in the same donor group was found to be 13.2%, thus indicating that at least 17% of blood donors in Iceland had previously been exposed to HGV. Previous exposure was seen in all age groups and also in older blood donors. Among intravenous drug users (IVDUs), the prevalence of HGV was much higher. Among 109 hepatitisC virus (HCV) antibody-positive serum samples collected in the years 1992-1997, 33. 9% were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for HGV and 48.6% had HGV antibodies. Thus, the pattern of HGV in IVDUs was similar to findings among IVDUs in other western countries. HGV viraemia was detected neither in 10 patients with haemophilia nor in five dialysis patients. However, six of the 10 haemophilic patients and one of the five dialysis patients had HGV antibody. In conclusion, unlike hepatitis C, which seems to have been introduced into Iceland relatively recently and has remained virtually confined to IVDUs, exposure to HGV is common among all age groups in the general population, suggesting that the virus has been prevalent in Iceland for much longer, making additional routes of transmission probable.
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