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Sökning: WFRF:(Lundin Björn) > (2010-2014)

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1.
  • Gummesson, Anders, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Intestinal Permeability Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity in Healthy Women.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - : Wiley. - 1930-7381.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Increased visceral fat, as opposed to subcutaneous/gluteal, most strongly relates to key metabolic dysfunctions including insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation. Mesenteric fat hypertrophy in patients with Crohn's disease and in experimental rodent models of gut inflammation suggest that impaired gut barrier function with increased leakage of gut-derived antigens may drive visceral lipid deposition. The aim of this study was to determine whether increased intestinal permeability is associated with visceral adiposity in healthy humans. Normal to overweight female subjects were recruited from a population-based cohort. Intestinal permeability was assessed using the ratio of urinary excretion of orally ingested sucralose to mannitol (S/M). In study 1 (n = 67), we found a positive correlation between waist circumference and S/M excretion within a time frame of urine collection consistent with permeability of the lower gastrointestinal tract (6-9 hours post-ingestion; P = 0.022). These results were followed up in study 2 (n = 55) in which we used computed tomography and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure visceral and subcutaneous fat areas of the abdomen, liver fat content, and total body fat of the same women. The S/M ratio from the 6-12 h urine sample correlated with visceral fat area (P = 0.0003) and liver fat content (P = 0.004), but not with subcutaneous or total body fat. This novel finding of an association between intestinal permeability and visceral adiposity and liver fat content in healthy humans suggests that impaired gut barrier function should be further explored as a possible mediator of excess visceral fat accumulation and metabolic dysfunction.
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2.
  • Adler, Jan-Olof, et al. (författare)
  • The upgraded photon tagging facility at the MAX IV Laboratory
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 715, s. 1-10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A description is given of the upgraded photon tagging facility at the MAX IV Laboratory. Two magnetic spectrometers are used to momentum analyze post-bremsstrahlung electrons. The tagged photon range extends from 10 to 180 MeV with an energy resolution of about 300 keV. The system has been operated at rates up to 4 x 10(6) photons s(-1) MeV (-1). Different diagnostic tools are described as well as the experimental program.
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3.
  • Doria, Andrea S., et al. (författare)
  • Quantitative versus semiquantitative MR imaging of cartilage in blood-induced arthritic ankles: preliminary findings
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Pediatric Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1998 .- 0301-0449. ; 44:5, s. 576-586
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Recent advances in hemophilia prophylaxis have raised the need for accurate noninvasive methods for assessment of early cartilage damage in maturing joints to guide initiation of prophylaxis. Such methods can either be semiquantitative or quantitative. Whereas semiquantitative scores are less time-consuming to be performed than quantitative methods, they are prone to subjective interpretation. To test the feasibility of a manual segmentation and a quantitative methodology for cross-sectional evaluation of articular cartilage status in growing ankles of children with blood-induced arthritis, as compared with a semiquantitative scoring system and clinical-radiographic constructs. Twelve boys, 11 with hemophilia (A, n = 9; B, n = 2) and 1 with von Willebrand disease (median age: 13; range: 6-17), underwent physical examination and MRI at 1.5 T. Two radiologists semiquantitatively scored the MRIs for cartilage pathology (surface erosions, cartilage loss) with blinding to clinical information. An experienced operator applied a validated quantitative 3-D MRI method to determine the percentage area of denuded bone (dAB) and the cartilage thickness (ThCtAB) in the joints' MRIs. Quantitative and semiquantitative MRI methods and clinical-radiographic constructs (Hemophilia Joint Health Score [HJHS], Pettersson radiograph scores) were compared. Moderate correlations were noted between erosions and dAB (r = 0.62, P = 0.03) in the talus but not in the distal tibia (P > 0.05). Whereas substantial to high correlations (r range: 0.70-0.94, P < 0.05) were observed between erosions, cartilage loss, HJHS and Pettersson scores both at the distal tibia and talus levels, moderate/borderline substantial (r range: 0.55-0.61, P < 0.05) correlations were noted between dAB/ThCtAB and clinical-radiographic constructs. Whereas the semiquantitative method of assessing cartilage status is closely associated with clinical-radiographic scores in cross-sectional studies of blood-induced arthropathy, quantitative measures provide independent information and are therefore less applicable for that research design.
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4.
  • Dupont, Chris L., et al. (författare)
  • Functional Tradeoffs Underpin Salinity-Driven Divergence in Microbial Community Composition
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:2, s. e89549-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bacterial community composition and functional potential change subtly across gradients in the surface ocean. In contrast, while there are significant phylogenetic divergences between communities from freshwater and marine habitats, the underlying mechanisms to this phylogenetic structuring yet remain unknown. We hypothesized that the functional potential of natural bacterial communities is linked to this striking divide between microbiomes. To test this hypothesis, metagenomic sequencing of microbial communities along a 1,800 km transect in the Baltic Sea area, encompassing a continuous natural salinity gradient from limnic to fully marine conditions, was explored. Multivariate statistical analyses showed that salinity is the main determinant of dramatic changes in microbial community composition, but also of large scale changes in core metabolic functions of bacteria. Strikingly, genetically and metabolically different pathways for key metabolic processes, such as respiration, biosynthesis of quinones and isoprenoids, glycolysis and osmolyte transport, were differentially abundant at high and low salinities. These shifts in functional capacities were observed at multiple taxonomic levels and within dominant bacterial phyla, while bacteria, such as SAR11, were able to adapt to the entire salinity gradient. We propose that the large differences in central metabolism required at high and low salinities dictate the striking divide between freshwater and marine microbiomes, and that the ability to inhabit different salinity regimes evolved early during bacterial phylogenetic differentiation. These findings significantly advance our understanding of microbial distributions and stress the need to incorporate salinity in future climate change models that predict increased levels of precipitation and a reduction in salinity.
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6.
  • Ganenko, V., et al. (författare)
  • Linearly polarized photon beam at MAX-lab
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 763, s. 137-149
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A linearly polarized photon beam has been produced at MAX-lab using the coherent bremsstrahlung of electrons with an energy of 192.6 MeV in a 0.1 mm thick diamond crystal. The intensity and shape of the coherent maxima and their dependence on the crystal orientation are similar to the features observed at higher electron energies (similar to 1 GeV) and are well described by coherent bremsstrahlung theory. The linear polarization of the uncollimated beam at the coherent peak energy approximate to 50-60 MeV is about 20% and can be increased to 40-45% if collimation of half the characteristic angle is used At present the degree of polarization is high enough to allow the study of polarization observables in photo-nuclear reactions at MAX-lab in the energy range from Giant Dipole Resonance up to approximate to 80 MeV. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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7.
  • Gringeri, A, et al. (författare)
  • A Randomized Clinical Trial of Prophylaxis in Children with Hemophilia A (the ESPRIT Study).
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 9, s. 700-710
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Prevention of arthropathy is a major goal of hemophilia treatment. While studies in adults have demonstrated an impact of prophylaxis on the incidence of joint bleeds and patients' well-being in terms of improved quality of life (QoL), it is unclear whether or not prophylaxis influences the outcome and well-being perception of children with hemophilia. Objective: This randomized controlled study compared the efficacy of prophylaxis with episodic therapy in preventing hemarthroses and image-proven joint damage in children with severe hemophilia A (factor VIII <1%) over a 10-year time period. Methods: Forty-five children with severe hemophilia A, aged 1-7 years (median 4), with negative clinical-radiological joint score at entry and at least one bleed during the previous 6 months, were consecutively randomized to prophylaxis with recombinant factor VIII (25 IU/Kg 3x week) or episodic therapy with ≥25 IU/Kg every 12-24 hours until complete clinical bleeding resolution. Safety, feasibility, direct costs and QoL were also evaluated. Results: Twenty-one children were assigned to prophylaxis, 19 to episodic treatment. Children on prophylaxis had fewer hemarthroses than children on episodic therapy: 0.20 vs. 0.52 events/patient/month (p<0.02). Plain-film radiology showed signs of arthropathy in 6 patients on prophylaxis (29%) vs. 14 on episodic treatment (74%) (p<0.05). Prophylaxis was more effective when started early (≤36 months) with patients having less joint bleeds (0.12 joint bleeds/patient/month) and no radiologic signs of arthropathy. Conclusion: This randomized trial confirms the efficacy of prophylaxis in preventing bleeds and arthropathy in children with hemophilia, particularly when it is initiated early in life.
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9.
  • Hackl, Roman, 1981, et al. (författare)
  • Process integration study of a biorefinery producing ethylene from lignocellulosic feedstock for a chemical cluster
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: 6th Dubrovnik Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems. ; 2011
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Biorefineries are a way to achieve the transition from our fossil feedstock based society towards the use of sustainable raw materials. Heat integration can help to increase the overall energy efficiency. Therefore integration of biorefinery concepts with industrial clusters can be advantageous. The chemical cluster investigated in this paper consumes a large amount of ethylene. The integration potential of a lignocellulosic ethanol plant and an ethanol dehydration plant is investigated. Based upon Aspen+ simulations integration opportunities at four different levels were identified using traditional Pinch Analysis and Total Site Analysis (TSA): (1) internal integration within each of the two separate processes; (2) heat integration of the two processes with each other; (3) heat integration of the processes with direct material flow from the upstream process to teh downstream process, and (4) integration of the two combined processes with an existing chemical cluster. Savings of up to 51 % utility steam by integrating the lignocellulosic ethanol production process with the ethylene dehydration and the chemical cluster were identified.
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10.
  • Lundin, Björn, et al. (författare)
  • An MRI scale for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy from the International Prophylaxis Study Group.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 18:6, s. 962-970
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Evaluation of prophylactic treatment of haemophilia requires sensitive methods. To design and test a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scale for haemophilic arthropathy, two scales of a combined MRI scoring scheme were merged into a single scale which includes soft tissue and osteochondral subscores. Sixty-one joint MRI's of 46 patients with haemophilia were evaluated by four radiologists using the new and older scales. Forty-six of the joints were evaluated using two X-ray scales. For all MRI scores, interreader agreement and correlations with X-ray scores and lifetime number of haemarthroses were analysed. The interreader agreement intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.82, 0.89 and 0.88 for the soft tissue and osteochondral subscores and the total score, as evaluated according to the new MRI scale, compared to 0.80 and 0.89 as for the older scales. The total score and osteochondral subscore according to the new scale, as well as scores according to the older scales were correlated (P < 0.01) with number of haemarthroses (Spearman correlation 0.35-0.68) and with the X-ray scores (Spearman correlation 0.40-0.76), but no correlation (P > 0.05) was found between the soft tissue subscore of the new MRI scale and the X-ray scores. The new MRI scale is simpler to apply than the older and has similar reader reliability and correlation with lifetime number of haemarthroses, and by separating soft tissue and osteochondral changes it gives additional information. The new scale is useful for analyses of early and moderate stages of arthropathy, and may help to evaluate prophylactic haemophilia treatment.
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11.
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12.
  • Lundin, Sverker, et al. (författare)
  • Hierarchical molecular tagging to resolve long continuous sequences by massively parallel sequencing
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 3, s. 1186-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Here we demonstrate the use of short-read massive sequencing systems to in effect achieve longer read lengths through hierarchical molecular tagging. We show how indexed and PCR-amplified targeted libraries are degraded, sub-sampled and arrested at timed intervals to achieve pools of differing average length, each of which is indexed with a new tag. By this process, indices of sample origin, molecular origin, and degree of degradation is incorporated in order to achieve a nested hierarchical structure, later to be utilized in the data processing to order the reads over a longer distance than the sequencing system originally allows. With this protocol we show how continuous regions beyond 3000 bp can be decoded by an Illumina sequencing system, and we illustrate the potential applications by calling variants of the lambda genome, analysing TP53 in cancer cell lines, and targeting a variable canine mitochondrial region.
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14.
  • Margaryan, Ashot, et al. (författare)
  • Low-Pressure MWPC System for the detection of Alpha-Particles and Fission Fragments
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Armenian Journal of Physics. - 1829-1171. ; 3:4, s. 282-291
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A low-pressure, position-sensitive, multi-wire proportional chamber (LPMWPC) system with an active area 12×12 cm 2 for the detection of heavy nuclear fragments, has been developed for use in tagged photon beam experiments. The LPMWPC system can be operated in single as well as double step operational modes. In the case of double step operational mode with a high gas amplification factor, signals from α-particles reside well above the electronic noise. Typical energy loss spectra of alpha particles and fission fragments (FF) obtained from a 252 Cf source are shown and discussed. The pulse height distributions of α-particles have a Landau distribution shape, while the pulse height distribution of FFs differs from Gaussian shape. It has long tails at both low-and high-energy sides. The average pulse height ratio of alpha particles and FF's is close to the theoretical value and amounts to about 1/80.
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16.
  • Palm-Espling, Maria, et al. (författare)
  • Interaction between the anticancer drug cisplatin and the copper chaperone Atox1 in human melanoma cells
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Protein Peptide Letters. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 0929-8665 .- 1875-5305. ; 21:1, s. 63-68
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cisplatin (CisPt) is one of the most common anticancer drugs used against many severe forms of cancers. However, treatment with this drug causes many side effects and often, it results in the development of cell resistance. A majority of side effects as well as cell resistance are thought to develop due to CisPt interactions with proteins prior to reaching the nucleus and the DNA target. The copper (Cu) transport proteins Ctr1 and ATP7A/B have been implicated in cellular resistance of CisPt, possibly exporting the drug out of the cell. Recent in vitro work demonstrated that CisPt also interacts with the cytoplasmic Cu-chaperone Atox1, binding in or near the Cu-binding site, without expulsion of bound Cu. Whereas Ctr1 and ATP7B interactions with CisPt have been shown in vivo or ex vivo, there is no such information for Atox1-CisPt interactions. To address this, we developed a method to probe if CisPt interacts with Atox1 in human melanoma cells. Atox1-specific antibodies were linked to magnetic beads and used to immune-precipitate Atox1 from melanoma cells that had been pre-exposed to CisPt. Analysis of extracted Atox1 with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry demonstrated the presence of Pt in the protein fraction. Thus, CisPt-exposed human melanoma cells contain Atox1 molecules that bind some derivative of CisPt. This study gives the first indication for the intracellular presence of Atox1-CisPt complexes ex vivo. © 2014 Bentham Science Publishers.
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17.
  • Palm, Maria E, et al. (författare)
  • Cisplatin binds human copper chaperone Atox1 and promotes unfolding in vitro.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 108:17, s. 6951-6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cisplatin (cisPt), Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl(2), is a cancer drug believed to kill cells via DNA binding and damage. Recent work has implied that the cellular copper (Cu) transport machinery may be involved in cisPt cell export and drug resistance. Normally, the Cu chaperone Atox1 binds Cu(I) via two cysteines and delivers the metal to metal-binding domains of ATP7B; the ATP7B domains then transfer the metal to the Golgi lumen for loading on cuproenzymes. Here, we use spectroscopic methods to test if cisPt interacts with purified Atox1 in solution in vitro. We find that cisPt binds to Atox1's metal-binding site regardless of the presence of Cu or not: When Cu is bound to Atox1, the near-UV circular dichroism signals indicate Cu-Pt interactions. From NMR data, it is evident that cisPt binds to the folded protein. CisPt-bound Atox1 is however not stable over time and the protein begins to unfold and aggregate. The reaction rates are limited by slow cisPt dechlorination. CisPt-induced unfolding of Atox1 is specific because this effect was not observed for two unrelated proteins that also bind cisPt. Our study demonstrates that Atox1 is a candidate for cisPt drug resistance: By binding to Atox1 in the cytoplasm, cisPt transport to DNA may be blocked. In agreement with this model, cell line studies demonstrate a correlation between Atox1 expression levels, and cisplatin resistance.
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19.
  • Petzäll, Kerstin, 1951-, et al. (författare)
  • Threats and violence in the Swedish prehospital emergency care
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1755-599X .- 1878-013X. ; 19:1, s. 5-11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Although acts of threats and violence are problems that have received increased attention in recent years within Swedish pre-hospital care, only a handful of scientific studies have been carried out in this field. Threats and violence have a negative influence on the well-being of ambulance personnel. The aim in this study was both to investigate the incidents of threats and violence within the Swedish ambulance service and to describe these situations. Data was collected with questionnaires answered by 134 registered nurses and paramedics from 11 ambulance stations located in four counties. The respondents’ experiences of pre-hospital care varied from 3 months to 41 years (mean = 12 years, median = 8 years). The results showed that 66% of the ambulance personnel experienced threats and/or violence during their work while 26% experienced threats and 16% faced physical violence during the last year. The most common kind of threat was threats of physical violence with 27% of the respondents experiencing threats involving weapons. Commonly occurring physical violence was in the form of pushes, punches, kicks and bites. In most cases, the perpetrator was the patient himself often under the influence of alcohol or drugs. The most serious situations occurred when the reason for raising the ambulance alarm was intoxication or a decreased level of consciousness.
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20.
  • Robertson, Kerstin, et al. (författare)
  • Hållbara turistresor inom Sverige : hinder och möjligheter för resor med tåg och buss
  • 2013
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Syftet med denna studie har varit att analysera förutsättningarna för att överföra resande från egen bil till främst allmänna kommunikationer såsom tåg och buss till, från och inom olika turistresmål i Sverige. Målet har varit att ta fram ett underlag för det fortsatta arbetet med att utveckla hållbara turistresor. Studien har omfattat en analys av möjligheter att resa med allmänna kommunikationer, restider och reskostnader, intervjuer av turister och andra aktörer och en åtgärdsanalys, samt utmynnar i ett översiktligt underlag för planering av hållbara turistresor. Möjligheterna att resa med allmänna kommunikationer, restider och reskostnader till, från och inom tre sommarresmål (Astrid Lindgrens värld, Glasriket, Öland) och två vinterresmål (Åre, Funäsdalen) har analyserats för tre olika turistkategorier (barnfamilj, par, fyra vuxna). Detta visade att det sammantaget är möjligt att resa till de studerade resmålen utan egen bil. Förutsättningarna för kollektiva alternativ skiljer sig dock kraftigt åt mellan de olika resmålen. När det gäller restider med tåg eller buss i jämförelse med att resa med egen bil är skillnaderna inte så stora för flertalet kombinationer av avreseorter och resmål. I några fall när avreseorten är en mindre ort och resmålet inte är beläget utmed en större järnväg kan en resa med tåg och/eller buss dock bli både lång och kräva många byten, och därmed knappast vara ett alternativ till resa med egen bil. Den totala reskostnaden för att resa med tåg eller buss är i så gott som alla fall någorlunda i nivå med egen bil men kan också vara betydlig högre. Reskostnaden med allmänna kommunikationer blir dessutom högre relativt resa med egen bil om fler reser tillsammans varför kostnaden kan ses som ett hinder. Resmöjligheterna inom de olika resmålen framstår som det största hindret för att fler ska välja att resa med allmänna kommunikationer till och från turistresmål, i synnerhet sommartid då resbehovet generellt sett dessutom är större. Möjligheterna att resa inom resmålen varierar kraftigt, men är bättre inom vinterresmålen. I Åre fungerar skidbussen till exempel bra för förflyttningar mellan de olika skidanläggningarna. Turisternas syn på att resa med allmänna kommunikationer är betydligt mer positiv avseende resor till vinterresmål än sommarresmål, vilket till stor del kan förklaras av det mindre resbehovet inom vinterresmålen. När det gäller barnfamiljer framkom åsikten att det är svårt att få småbarnsfamiljerna att resa med allmänna kommunikationer av flera olika skäl varav hantering av packning är en viktig fråga. Många anser också att det behöver bli lättare att hitta information om och att boka resor med allmänna kommunikationer. Paketresor lyftes fram som ett intressant alternativ. Många upplevde det som ett problem att söka information avseende resans olika komponenter såsom boende, resor, transfer, liftkort m.m. och skulle uppskatta en service där allt fanns samlat på ett ställe. Att det inte enkelt går att få en överblick över prisbilden både för resa och boende tycks också vara en försvårande faktor. Förslag framkom också om att ett sätt att locka till att resa med allmänna kommunikationer är att lyfta fram de mervärden som det innebär.
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21.
  • Shaw, Alan, et al. (författare)
  • Spatial control of membrane receptor function using ligand nanocalipers
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Nature Methods. - : Springer Nature. - 1548-7091 .- 1548-7105. ; 11:8, s. 841-846
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The spatial organization of membrane-bound ligands is thought to regulate receptor-mediated signaling. However, direct regulation of receptor function by nanoscale distribution of ligands has not yet been demonstrated, to our knowledge. We developed rationally designed DNA origami nanostructures modified with ligands at well-defined positions. Using these 'nanocalipers' to present ephrin ligands, we showed that the nanoscale spacing of ephrin-A5 directs the levels of EphA2 receptor activation in human breast cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that the nanoscale distribution of ephrin-A5 regulates the invasive properties of breast cancer cells. Our ligand nanocaliper approach has the potential to provide insight into the roles of ligand nanoscale spatial distribution in membrane receptor mediated signaling.
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22.
  • Spetea, Cornelia, 1968, et al. (författare)
  • Evidence for nucleotide-dependent processes in the thylakoid lumen of plant chloroplasts - an update.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: FEBS Letters. - : Wiley. - 0014-5793. ; 586:18, s. 2946-2954
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The thylakoid lumen is an aqueous chloroplast compartment enclosed by the thylakoid membrane network. Bioinformatic and proteomic studies indicated the existence of 80–90 thylakoid lumenal proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana, having photosynthetic, non-photosynthetic or unclassified functions. None of the identified lumenal proteins had canonical nucleotide-binding motifs. It was therefore suggested that, in contrast to the chloroplast stroma harboring nucleotide-dependent enzymes and other proteins, the thylakoid lumen is a nucleotide-free compartment. Based on recent findings, we provide here an updated view about the presence of nucleotides in the thylakoid lumen of plant chloroplasts, and their role in function and dynamics of photosynthetic complexes.
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23.
  • Tallvid, Martin, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • ONE-TO-ONE - A model for transformation of ICT-use in Swedish schools
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: CITE Research Symposium 2010- e-Lerning Design and Designs for Learning, Hong Kong, 4-6 March, 2010.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • During the last years there has been an emphasis on the notion of “One-to-One” - one laptop for each student - as a foundation for school development. In this paper we will present a two-year study of such a project in two secondary schools in Sweden. We will present the context and ideas behind the project and examples of how teachers appropriate ICT in their school practices. These examples show how ICT has become a tool that is integrated into the school’s infrastructure for learning; how ICT has transformed the classroom activities; and how teachers has developed what Koehler and Mishra has termed TPACK.
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25.
  • Tran, Mai Quynh Thanh, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of cell lysis methods for platinum metallomic studies of human malignant cells
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Analytical Biochemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0003-2697 .- 1096-0309. ; 396:1, s. 76-82
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Three cell lysis methods-freeze-thaw, osmosis, and a chemical detergent-based method-were evaluated as sample treatment procedures for platinum metallomic studies of in vitro grown human malignant cells exposed to cisplatin. The lysis methods are relatively mild, resemble those commonly used in proteomic studies, and were selected because of the proven reactivity of platinum drug metabolites and indications that platinum in exposed cells and plasma is mainly associated with proteins. The chemical method gave an absolute lysis efficiency of greater than 80%, whereas the freeze-thaw and osmosis methods gave approximately 30% lower efficiency. The within- and between-batch lysis reproducibilities were, for all methods, better than 20 and 24% relative standard deviations, respectively. Total platinum concentration normalized to lysate protein content was statistically the same for all lysis methods. Reagents in the chemical lysis buffer did, however, react with platinum analyte compounds, making this method unsuitable for analysis of reactive compounds or for metallome profiling encompassing analytes with unknown reactivity. Of the lysis methods evaluated here, osmosis gave the highest cisplatin recovery, likely because this protocol is chemically inert and can be carried out at a constant low temperature. Therefore, it is the recommended cell lysis method for the determination of reactive and unknown intracellular platinum compounds.
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26.
  • Weibrecht, Irene, et al. (författare)
  • In situ detection of individual mRNA molecules and protein complexes or post-translational modifications using padlock probes combined with the in situ proximity ligation assay
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature Protocols. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1754-2189 .- 1750-2799. ; 8:2, s. 355-372
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Analysis at the single-cell level is essential for the understanding of cellular responses in heterogeneous cell populations, but it has been difficult to perform because of the strict requirements put on detection methods with regard to selectivity and sensitivity (i.e., owing to the cross-reactivity of probes and limited signal amplification). Here we describe a 1.5-d protocol for enumerating and genotyping mRNA molecules in situ while simultaneously obtaining information on protein interactions or post-translational modifications; this is achieved by combining padlock probes with in situ proximity ligation assays (in situ PLA). In addition, we provide an example of how to design padlock probes and how to optimize staining conditions for fixed cells and tissue sections. Both padlock probes and in situ PLA provide the ability to directly visualize single molecules by standard microscopy in fixed cells or tissue sections, and these methods may thus be valuable for both research and diagnostic purposes.
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27.
  • Yin, Lan, et al. (författare)
  • Role of Thylakoid ATP/ADP Carrier in Photoinhibition and Photoprotection of Photosystem II in Arabidopsis
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. - : American Society of Plant Biologists. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 153:2, s. 666-677
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The chloroplast thylakoid ATP/ADP carrier (TAAC) belongs to the mitochondrial carrier superfamily and supplies the thylakoid lumen with stromal ATP in exchange for ADP. Here, we investigate the physiological consequences of TAAC depletion in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We show that the deficiency of TAAC in two T-DNA insertion lines does not modify the chloroplast ultrastructure, the relative amounts of photosynthetic proteins, the pigment composition, and the photosynthetic activity. Under growth light conditions, the mutants initially displayed similar shoot weight, but lower when reaching full development, and were less tolerant to high light conditions in comparison with the wild type. These observations prompted us to study in more detail the effects of TAAC depletion on photoinhibition and photoprotection of the photosystem II (PSII) complex. The steady-state phosphorylation levels of PSII proteins were not affected, but the degradation of the reaction center II D1 protein was blocked, and decreased amounts of CP43-less PSII monomers were detected in the mutants. Besides this, the mutant leaves displayed a transiently higher nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence than the wild-type leaves, especially at low light. This may be attributed to the accumulation in the absence of TAAC of a higher electrochemical H+ gradient in the first minutes of illumination, which more efficiently activates photoprotective xanthophyll cycle-dependent and independent mechanisms. Based on these results, we propose that TAAC plays a critical role in the disassembly steps during PSII repair and in addition may balance the trans-thylakoid electrochemical H+ gradient storage.
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