| 1. |
- Chaudhry, U., et al.
(författare)
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Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation – Long term prognosis in relation to clinical findings and ECG patterns in a Swedish cohort
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Electrocardiology. - Philadephia : Churchill Livingstone Inc. Medical Publishers. - 0022-0736 .- 1532-8430. ; 56, s. 46-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) is a rare cause of sudden cardiac arrest which may pose therapeutic and prognostic challenges. To date, the only effective treatment for survivors of cardiac arrest is the insertion of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). We sought to review the long-term outcome of a Swedish cohort with IVF.Methods and results: Fifty patients with IVF diagnosis between 1988 and 2016 (mean age at index 34.3, 56% male), were followed for a median 13.8 years in this retrospective multicenter observational study. No cardiac mortality was reported. 32% (n = 16) of patients had recurrence of ventricular fibrillation or sustained ventricular tachycardia, requiring ICD therapy, at a median time of 1.9 years (range 0.1–20.3) from the index event. Annual incidence rate of ventricular tachyarrhythmia was 3.1%. Abnormal ECG at baseline did not predict appropriate ICD therapy (p = 0.56). During the follow-up period, 14% (n = 7) patients received a cardiac diagnosis. Follow-up genetic testing was low (26%), however did confirm pathogenic mutations in three cases.Conclusion: Idiopathic VF is a rare diagnosis with a relatively good prognosis provided ICD therapy is initiated. Routine clinical follow-up is recommended due to potential late emerging cardiac pathology. ECG changes are common, but have no prognostic value in determining the risk of ventricular arrhythmias recurrence. Screening for genetic diseases has previously been low, and this calls for improvement, especially since cheaper and more comprehensive genetic panels are now readily available.
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| 2. |
- Linton, Steven J., 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological factors related to health, back pain, and dysfunction
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational rehabilitation. - : Springer. - 1053-0487 .- 1573-3688. ; 4:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychosocial variables may be important determinants of experienced back pain as well as dysfunction. This paper reports on differences on a battery of psychosocial variables between women, from the same work place, off work because of back pain, having only back pain (not off work), and those without back pain. The groups suffering pain had similar levels of pain intensity and frequency and the covariates of age and work load were used in MANCOVA analyses. The results showed significant overall differences on the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, Handicap Index, Duke Health Profile, as well as items concerning family support and the relation of pain to work. Several variables differed between the Healthy group on the one hand and the two groups suffering pain on the other hand. However, coping strategies and perceived health produced significant differences between all three groups in univariate analyses. Unlike other studies the Work APGAR produced no significant results. These data suggest that work status is not directly related to pain intensity, but rather to an interaction between psychosocial factors and the pain experience. Future research should delineate which variables may be used in screening.
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| 3. |
- Adler, Jan-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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The upgraded photon tagging facility at the MAX IV Laboratory
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 715, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A description is given of the upgraded photon tagging facility at the MAX IV Laboratory. Two magnetic spectrometers are used to momentum analyze post-bremsstrahlung electrons. The tagged photon range extends from 10 to 180 MeV with an energy resolution of about 300 keV. The system has been operated at rates up to 4 x 10(6) photons s(-1) MeV (-1). Different diagnostic tools are described as well as the experimental program.
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| 4. |
- Akkurt, I, et al.
(författare)
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Photoneutron yields from tungsten in the energy range of the giant dipole resonance
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6560 .- 0031-9155. ; 48:20, s. 3345-3352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoneutron production on the nuclei of high-Z components of medical accelerator heads can lead to a significant secondary dose during a course of bremsstrahlung radiotherapy, However, a quantitative evaluation of secondary neutron dose requires improved data on the photoreaction yields. These have been measured as a function of photon energy, neutron energy and neutron angle for W-nat, using tagged photons at the MAX-Lab photonuclear facility in Sweden. This work presents neutron yields for W-nat(gamma, n) and compares these with the predictions of the Monte Carlo code MCNP-GN, developed specifically to simulate photoneutron production at medical accelerators.
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| 5. |
- Al Jebali, Ramsey, et al.
(författare)
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A helium gas scintillator active target for photoreaction measurements
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 51:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multi-cell He gas scintillator active target, designed for the measurement of photoreaction cross sections, is described. The target has four main chambers, giving an overall thickness of 0.103 g/cm(3) at an operating pressure of 2MPa. Scintillations are read out by photomultiplier tubes and the addition of small amounts of N-2 to the He, to shift the scintillation emission from UV to visible, is discussed. First results of measurements at the MAX IV Laboratory tagged-photon facility show that the target has a timing resolution of around 1 ns and can cope well with a high-flux photon beam. The determination of reaction cross sections from target yields relies on a Monte Carlo simulation, which considers scintillation light transport, photodisintegration processes in He-4, background photon interactions in target windows and interactions of the reaction-product particles in the gas and target container. The predictions of this simulation are compared to the measured target response.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Baron, Tomasz, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiac Imaging in Carcinoid Heart Disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: JACC Cardiovascular Imaging. - : American College of Cardiology. - 1936-878X .- 1876-7591. ; 14:11, s. 2240-2253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carcinoid disease is caused by neuroendocrine tumors, most often located in the gut, and leads in approximately 20% of cases to specific, severe heart disease, most prominently affecting right-sided valves. If cardiac disease occurs, it determines the patient's prognosis more than local growth of the tumor. Surgical treatment of carcinoid-induced valve disease has been found to improve survival in observational studies. Cardiac imaging is crucial for both diagnosis and management of carcinoid heart disease; in the past, imaging was accomplished largely by echocardiography, but more recently, imaging for carcinoid heart disease has increasingly become multimodal and warrants awareness of the particular diagnostic challenges of this disease. This paper reviews the pathophysiology and manifestations of carcinoid heart disease in light of the different imaging modalities.
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| 8. |
- Bergsten, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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A 33-year follow-up after valvular surgery for carcinoid heart disease
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-2404 .- 2047-2412. ; 23:4, s. 524-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Valvular surgery has improved long-term prognosis in severe carcinoid heart disease (CaHD). Experience is limited and uncertainty remains about predictors for survival and strategy regarding single vs. double-valve surgery. The aim was to review survival and echocardiographic findings after valvular surgery for CaHD at our institution.METHODS AND RESULTS: Between 1986 and 2019, 60 consecutive patients, median age 64 years, underwent valve surgery for severe CaHD. Operations involved combined tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) and pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in 42 cases, and TVR-only or TVR with pulmonary valvotomy (no PVR) in 18 patients. All implanted valves were bioprosthetic. Preoperative echocardiography, creatinine, NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), and 24-h urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were obtained. 30-Day mortality was 12% (n=7), and 8% for the most recent decade 2010-2019. Median survival was 2.2 years and maximum survival 21 years. Patients undergoing combined TVR and PVR had significantly higher survival compared with operations without PVR (median 3.0 vs. 0.9 years, P = 0.02). Preoperative levels of NT-pro-BNP and 5-HIAA in the top quartile predicted poor survival. On preoperative echocardiograms, pulmonary regurgitation was severe in 51% and indeterminate in 17%. Postoperative echocardiography confirmed relatively good durability of bioprostheses, relative to the patients' limited oncological life expectancy.CONCLUSION: Valvular surgery in CaHD has an acceptable perioperative risk. Survival for combined TVR and PVR was significantly higher compared with operations without PVR. Bioprosthetic valve replacement appears to have adequate durability. Preoperative echocardiography may underestimate pulmonary pathology. Combined TVR and PVR should be considered in most patients.
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| 9. |
- Bjelke, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Crustacea : Kräftdjur - crustaceans
- 2010
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Ingår i: The 2010 Red List of Swedish Species. Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2010. - Uppsala : ArtDatabanken, SLU. - 9789188506351 ; , s. 487-493
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Briscoe, W. J., et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear physics program at MAX-lab
- 2009
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Ingår i: Chinese Physics C. - : IOP Publishing. - 0899-9996 .- 1674-1137. ; 33:12, s. 1159-1166
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The upgrade of the MAX-lab Injector and the construction of MAX III, provided the opportunity for upgrading the tagged-photon facility and thus lead to the possibility of more extensive program in nuclear physics research This upgrade increased the injected electron energy to all eventual maximum of 250 MeV and allows for the extraction of electrons from the MAX I ring operated in the stretcher mode The first stretched bean was delivered in September 2005. The tagged-photon facility was commissioned in parallel with the commissioning of new experimental equipment. The PAC approved experimental program is current in progress, including measurement of pion photoproduction below the Delta(1232) The efforts at the tagged photon-facility are pursed within all international collaboration with around fifty members
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Erni, W., et al.
(författare)
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Technical design report for the PANDA (AntiProton Annihilations at Darmstadt) Straw Tube Tracker
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 49:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This document describes the technical layout and the expected performance of the Straw Tube Tracker (STT), the main tracking detector of the PANDA target spectrometer. The STT encloses a Micro-Vertex-Detector (MVD) for the inner tracking and is followed in beam direction by a set of GEM stations. The tasks of the STT are the measurement of the particle momentum from the reconstructed trajectory and the measurement of the specific energy loss for a particle identification. Dedicated simulations with full analysis studies of certain proton-antiproton reactions, identified as being benchmark tests for the whole PANDA scientific program, have been performed to test the STT layout and performance. The results are presented, and the time lines to construct the STT are described.
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| 14. |
- Feldman, G., et al.
(författare)
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Compton scattering from deuterium and the polarizabilities of the neutron
- 2008
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Ingår i: Few-Body Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0177-7963 .- 1432-5411. ; 44:1-4, s. 325-328
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new program of Compton scattering on deuterium is under way at the tagged-photon facility at MAX-Lab in Lund, Sweden. We will measure differential cross sections between 60A degrees and 150A degrees over the photon energy range 60-115 MeV in 5 MeV steps, with the ultimate goal of obtaining new precision information on the electric and magnetic polarizabilities of the neutron.
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| 15. |
- Fissum, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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High-resolution measurement of the 12C(γ,p)11B reaction to excited states for Eγ=50–70MeV
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physical Review C: covering nuclear physics. - 2469-9985. ; 58:4, s. 2167-2173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relative population of states in 11B following the 12C(γ,p) reaction has been measured with high resolution using the deexcitation γ-ray technique. The states near 7 MeV in 11B are clearly resolved and the measured population clarifies earlier conflicting data. Comparison of the results with new calculations indicates the importance of both one-nucleon and multinucleon processes.
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| 16. |
- Fissum, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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The Coherent Bremsstrahlung Beam at MAX-lab Facility
- 2008
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Ingår i: Charged and Neutral Particles Channeling Phenomena Channeling 2008 : Proceedings of the 51st Workshop of the INFN ELOISATRON Project - Proceedings of the 51st Workshop of the INFN ELOISATRON Project. - : WORLD SCIENTIFIC. ; , s. 49-61
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The linearly polarized photon beam for photonuclear researches has been produced at MAX-lab facility on the base of coherent bremsstrahlung process of electrons in a diamond crystal. Test experiments have been performed at electron energies 143.9 and 192.7 MeV with a diamond crystal 0.1 mm thick. The measured coherent bremsstrahlung spectra demonstrate typical features to be observed at higher electron energies. The polarization ~35% was obtained at coherent peak energy of ~60 MeV. The experiments have shown that produced polarized photon beam can be used for photonuclear investigations at energy range up to 60 MeV. To extend the energy range it is necessary to increase maximal energy of the electron beam up to 250 MeV.
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| 17. |
- Fredrikson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Forskningsresultaten inom KBT är otvetydiga : Replik
- 2009
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 106:18-19, s. 1294-1296
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Fredrikson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Regeringens storsatsning mot psykisk ohälsa äventyrar patientsäkerheten
- 2009
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 106:13, s. 946-947
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Regeringens rehabiliteringsgaranti kan få förödande konsekvenser för tilltron till kognitiv beteendeterapi som behandlingsmetod och för den enskilda patienten som tror sig få KBT av en kompetent behandlare. Orsaken är regeringens lågt ställda krav på behandlarnas kompetens. Rehabiliteringsgarantin bör omformuleras, anser nio KBT-företrädare.
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| 20. |
- Ganenko, V., et al.
(författare)
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Linearly polarized photon beam at MAX-lab
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 763, s. 137-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A linearly polarized photon beam has been produced at MAX-lab using the coherent bremsstrahlung of electrons with an energy of 192.6 MeV in a 0.1 mm thick diamond crystal. The intensity and shape of the coherent maxima and their dependence on the crystal orientation are similar to the features observed at higher electron energies (similar to 1 GeV) and are well described by coherent bremsstrahlung theory. The linear polarization of the uncollimated beam at the coherent peak energy approximate to 50-60 MeV is about 20% and can be increased to 40-45% if collimation of half the characteristic angle is used At present the degree of polarization is high enough to allow the study of polarization observables in photo-nuclear reactions at MAX-lab in the energy range from Giant Dipole Resonance up to approximate to 80 MeV. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 21. |
- Ganenko, V., et al.
(författare)
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Production of linearly polarized photon beam at MAX-lab
- 2009
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Ingår i: Voprosy Atomnoj Nauki i Techniki. - 1562-6016. ; :3, s. 95-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spectra of coherent bremsstrahlung from the diamond crystal in the laboratory MAX-lab on the accelerator MAX-I are measured at the energy of the electronic beam 144 MeV. First in the laboratory MAX-lab a source of the polarized photon radiation was created. Photon spectra were compared with theoretical calculations, that allow to estimate a magnitude of photon polarization, which is sufficient, for performing the nuclear experiments in the intermediate energy range.
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| 22. |
- Golubev, Pavel, et al.
(författare)
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Pion Emission in H-2,C-12,Al-27(gamma,pi+) Reactions at Threshold
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 806:1-4, s. 216-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The very first data from MAX-lab in Lund, Sweden on pion photoproduction at threshold energies are presented. The decrease of the total π+ yield in γ+12C, 27Al reactions below 200 MeV as well as the dσ/dΩ cross-section data essentially follow the predictions of an intranuclear-cascade model with an attractive potential for the pion–nucleus interaction. However, View the MathML source, cross-section data at 176 MeV show deviations which call for refinements of the model and possibly also for the inclusion of coherent pion-production mechanisms.
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| 23. |
- Greiff, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Absorption across the nasal airway mucosa in house dust mite perennial allergic rhinitis.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961. ; 22:1, s. 55-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- House dust mite allergens express protease activity and it has been suggested that this property has pathogenic effects by increasing airway absorption. In accordance, house dust mite allergens may increase mucosal permeability in vitro. The objective of the present study was to examine nasal absorption of desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) in patients with perennial house dust mite allergic rhinitis and in healthy subjects in vivo. Patients with perennial allergic rhinitis were examined after a 4-week treatment withdrawal period, when symptoms of allergic rhinitis occurred, and healthy subjects were examined together with the patients. Desmopressin (20 microg ml(-1)) was moved into the nasal cavity using a nasal pool-device that contained 15 ml fluid. The fluid was kept in the nasal cavity for 15 min and then recovered. Urine was collected for 24 h after the nasal administration and the urinary excretion of desmopressin was determined as an index of nasal absorption. The urinary excretion of desmopressin was 1148+/-535 pmol 24 h(-1) in patients with perennial house dust mite allergic rhinitis and 1012+/-291 pmol 24 h(-1) in healthy subjects. We conclude that nasal airway absorption of the 1067 Da peptide desmopressin is unaffected in perennial house dust mite allergic rhinitis compared with healthy subjects.
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| 24. |
- Gremyr, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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A learning health system for people with severe mental illness : a promise for continuous learning, patient coproduction and more effective care
- 2019
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Ingår i: Digital Psychiatry. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2575-517X. ; 2:1, s. 8-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Learning Health System (LHS) promotes the patient being at the very center of his or her care. Patient coproduction of care in an LHS is enabled by a focus on improving outcomes through the use of tools and visualizations that use the harnessed knowledge obtained from every previous treatment of similar patients. Interest in the concept of LHS is growing, and there are promising results in real-world applications. Almost no research has focused on LHSs for severe mental illness (LHS4SMI). By using a user-centered system design approach, a persona and use-case scenarios were created to illustrate how schizophrenia care could be co-produced in an LHS compared to standard care in a non-LHS. The illustration highlight increased participation through decisions informed by all treatments for all similar patients through the use of user interfaces that support continuous evaluation, increased understanding, compensation for cognitive impairment and participation of next of kin in the care process. We propose that an LHS4SMIs like schizophrenia has enormous potential in enabling continuous learning, patient coproduction, and more effective care.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Gulliksson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial factors during the first year after a coronary heart disease event in cases and referents : Secondary Prevention in Uppsala Primary Health Care Project (SUPRIM)
- 2007
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Ingår i: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2261 .- 1471-2261. ; 7, s. 36-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A large number of studies have reported on the psychosocial risk factor pattern prior to coronary heart disease events, but few have investigated the situation during the first year after an event, and none has been controlled. We therefore performed a case-referent study in which the prevalence of a number of psychosocial factors was evaluated. METHODS: Three hundred and forty-six coronary heart disease male and female cases no more than 75 years of age, discharged from hospital within the past 12 months, and 1038 referents from the general population, matched to the cases by age, sex and place of living, received a postal questionnaire in which information on lifestyle, psychosocial and quality of life measures were sought. RESULTS: The cases were, as expected, on sick leave to a larger extent than the referents, reported poorer fitness, poorer perceived health, fewer leisure time activities, but unexpectedly reported better social support, and more optimistic views of the future than the referents. There were no significant case-referent differences in everyday life stress, stressful life events, vital exhaustion, depressive mood, coping or life orientation test. However, women reported less favourable situations than men regarding stressful life events affecting others, vital exhaustion, depressive mood, coping, self-esteem, sleep, and symptom reporting, and female cases reported the most unfavourable situation of all groups. CONCLUSION: In this first controlled study of the situation during the first year after a CHD event disease and gender status both appeared to be determinants of psychological well-being, with gender status apparently the strongest. This may have implications for cardiac rehabilitation programmes.
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| 27. |
- Gulliksson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Standard Treatment to Prevent Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease Secondary Prevention in Uppsala Primary Health Care Project (SUPRIM)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archives of Internal Medicine. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9926 .- 1538-3679. ; 171:2, s. 134-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Psychosocial factors are independently associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD) morbidity and mortality, but the effects of psychosocial factor intervention on CVD are uncertain. We performed a randomized controlled clinical trial of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to measure its effects on CVD recurrence. Methods: The study included 362 women and men 75 years or younger who were discharged from the hospital after a coronary heart disease event within the past 12 months. Patients were randomized to receive traditional care (reference group, 170 patients) or traditional care plus a CBT program (intervention group, 192 patients), focused on stress management, with 20 two-hour sessions during 1 year. Median attendance at each CBT session was 85%. Outcome variables were all-cause mortality, hospital admission for recurrent CVD, and recurrent acute myocardial infarction. Results: During a mean 94 months of follow-up, the intervention group had a 41% lower rate of fatal and non-fatal first recurrent CVD events (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.59 [0.42-0.83]; P=.002), 45% fewer recurrent acute myocardial infarctions (0.55 [0.36-0.85]; P=.007), and a nonsignificant 28% lower all-cause mortality (0.72 [0.40-1.30]; P=.28) than the reference group after adjustment for other outcome-affecting variables. In the CBT group there was a strong dose-response effect between intervention group attendance and outcome. During the first 2 years of follow-up, there were no significant group differences in traditional risk factors. Conclusions: A CBT intervention program decreases the risk of recurrent CVD and recurrent acute myocardial infarction. This may have implications for secondary preventive programs in patients with coronary heart disease.
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| 28. |
- Hagbom, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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The Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway Contributes to the Limited Inflammatory Response following Rotavirus Infection
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rotavirus causes acute gastroenteritis in young children and is characterized by severe diarrhoea and vomiting. Surprisingly, although rotavirus infection results in significant intestinal pathology, the inflammatory response is limited. We tested the novel hypothesis that rotavirus infection stimulates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway to suppress gut inflammation. The role of the vagus nerve and the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) in rotavirus infection were explored in α7 nAChR gene-deficient mice, vagotomized mice and wild-type mice treated with the α7 nAChR antagonist mecamylamine. TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were measured in serum, spleen, duodenum, jejunum and ileum at 48 hours post infection. To determine if modulation of the inflammatory response affects virus shedding, α7 nAChRs was blocked and virus quantified in faeces. To investigate if stimulation of α7 nAChRs could attenuate rotavirus toxin NSP4-induced cytokine release, mouse peritoneal- and human blood-macrophages were treated with nicotine before NSP4 stimulation.Our results shows that stimulation of the vagus nerve and α7 nAChRs attenuated the pro- inflammatory response during rotavirus infection and blockade of the α7 nAChR reduced virus shedding from infected mice. IL-6 was increased in duodenum (p<0.05) and serum (p<0.05) of vagotomized mice and in jejunum (p<0.05) and spleen (p<0.05) of α7 nAChR gene-deficient mice. Furthermore, IL-6 mRNA (p<0.01) and TNF-α mRNA (p<0.05) were increased in duodenum of vagotomized animals. Similarly, nicotine attenuated the release of TNF-α (p<0.05) and IL-6 (p<0.05) from macrophages stimulated by NSP4 in vitro, all suggesting that the cholinergic anti- inflammatory pathway contributes to attenuate inflammation during rotavirus infection.
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| 29. |
- Haglund, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Hazardous compounds released from textiles and the associated load they place on Swedish sewage treatment plants
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hushållens bidrag av tvättvatten från textiltvätt till de kommunala avloppsreningsverken uppskattas till ca 2% av det totala volymflödet. Registerdata över kemikalier som används vid tillverkning av textilier/kläder samt analyser av tvättvatten visar att textilfibrer, mikroplastfibrer och många miljöstörande ämnen når våra reningsverk via textiltvätt. Dessa fibrer och kemiska ämnen kan bidra till förorening av avloppsreningsslam som används för gödsling av åkermark eller av vattenmiljö nedströms reningsverken.Ett av Sveriges miljömål är En Giftfri Miljö och dess delmål innefattar bl.a. information om farliga ämnen i varor (Ds 2012:23). Textilier är en av de varugrupper som Miljömålberedningen föreslagit (SOU 2012:38) bli föremål för ett regeringsuppdrag avseende innehåll av farliga ämnen och riskbegränsande åtgärder samt frivillig miljömärkning. I det svenska miljömålsystemet ingår också generationsmål om att materialkretsloppen skall vara så fria från farliga ämnen som möjligt och att våra konsumtionsmönster av varor ska ge så små hälso- och miljöproblem som möjligt även i varornas tillverkningsländer utanför Sverige. Generationsmålet innebär att svensk politik behöver ta hänsyn till den miljö- och hälsopåverkan som svensk konsumtion orsakar i andra länder. EU:s ramdirektiv för avfall (2008/96/EG) har vidare slagit fast en avfallshierarki som sätter återanvändning av uttjänta varor, t. ex. kläder, före materialåtervinning av avfall.SyfteSyftet med denna studie var att undersöka i vilken utsträckning som vattentvätt av fem klädtyper (t-tröjor av bomull med plasttryck, bomullsjeans, arbetsbyxor, fleecetröjor samt allvädersjackor) bidrar till förekomsten av miljögifter i slam samt i utgående vatten från representativt utvalda svenska reningsverk.UtförandeKläder av fem olika klädtyper, enligt specifikation från naturvårdsverket (baserat på en tidigare studie av Swerea) köptes in från affärer i Umeå under januari 2014. Det var 8 st t-tröjor av bomull med plasttryck, 3 st bomullsjeans, 2 st arbetsbyxor, 8 st fleecetröjor samt 3 st allvädersjackor.Kläderna tvättades i en vanlig tvättmaskin 2 gånger efter varandra utan att torka mellan och allt tvättvatten samlades upp. Delprov av tvättvattnet togs ut och analyserades för 126 utvalda ämnena på tre olika laboratorier (Miljökemiska Laboratoriet, Umeå Universitet, Svenska Miljöinstitutet (IVL) och Stockholms Universitet (ACES)). Ämnena var processkemikalier såsom pentaklorfenol, och triklosan, funktionskemikalier såsom ftalater och organofosfater samt oönskade kemikalier såsom dioxiner, klorfenoler och klorbensener.2ResultatStudien visar på att det mängdmässigt främst är funktionskemikalier som släpper från kläderna vid tvätt. Det här var väntat då dessa kemikalier är avsiktligt och oftast inte kemiskt bundet till tyget. Processkemikalier avges i mindre mängd och oönskade kemikalier såsom till exempel klorerade fenoler och bensener hittades i väldigt små mängder i tvättvattnet oavsett vilken typ av klädesplagg som tvättats. Vare sig processkemikalierna eller de oönskade kemikalierna borde finnas i plaggen och därför var det väntat att dessa kemikalier inte skulle hittas i samma utsträckning som funktionskemikalierna.Om man ser till detektionsfrekvensen, d.v.s. hur ofta de ämnen som ingår i en ämnesklass påträffas, blir bilden delvis en annan. Mer än 75% av de funktionskemikalier (38 av 50), ca 50% av funktionskemikalierna (26 av 49) och ca. 30% av processkemikalierna (8 av 27) detekterades i tvättvattenproverna.T-tröjor och skaljackorna var de klädtyper som avgav störst mängd kemikalier per kg 47 mg/kg (0.005% w/w) för t-tröjor följt av 23 mg/kg (0.002% w/w) för skaljackor. Jeans, arbetsbyxor och fleecetröjor släppte mycket mindre mängd kemikalier 0.001, 0.001 and 0.0005% vid tvätt till tvättvattnet.De fem klädtyperna släppte alla bisfenol AF, organofosfater, ftalater, formaldehyd, bromerade och klorerade fenoler samt klorerade bensener till tvättvattnet vid de två första tvättarna. Några föreningar som inte kunde detekteras i tvättvattnet var 4 stycken siloxaner, 9 stycken olika aniliner och majoriteten av de 17 dioxinerna och furanerna som ingick i studien.T-tröjor släppte mer textilfibrer (0,85 mg/kg) jämfört med de andra klädtyperna. De andra klädtyperna släppte betydlig mindre fibrer vid tvätt: jeans 0,46 mg/kg, skaljackor 0,02 mg/kg, arbetsbyxor 0,07 mg/kg och fleecetröjor 0,1 mg/kg.DiskussionOm man tar hänsyn till den årliga användningsvolymen av de olika klädestyperna avger t-tröjorna den största mängden kemikalier (469 kg funktionella kemikalier, 0,5 kg processkemikalier och 0,07 kg oönskade kemikalier) vid de två första tvättarna av plaggen. Arbetsbyxor var den klädestyp som släppte minst kemikalier (30 kg funktionella kemikalier, 7 kg processkemikalier och 0,9 g oönskade kemikalier).Ftalater och organofosfater frigjordes i stora mängder från kläderna (302 kg och 7,6 kg) och bidrar med 50% respektive 5% vardera till vad som återfinns i utgående vatten och slam från avloppsreningsverken. Klorfenoler och perfluorerade ämnen frigjordes i betydligt mindre mängder (430 g och 300 g) men bidrar i teorin med mer (167% respektive 223%) än vad som återfinns i utgåendevatten och slam från avloppsreningsverken för respektive grupp, vilket är orealistiskt. Brister i dataunderlaget eller degradering av föroreningar i reningsprocessen kan vara möjliga orsaker till överskattningen. Det är dock klart att tvätt av kläder ger ett betydande bidrag till vad som återfinns i reningsverksvatten och slam.3SlutsatserKemikalier som är förbjudna enligt t ex Reach ska naturligtvis inte förekomma i kläder. Trots det så hittas de ändå ibland vid inspektion. Det är ett stort problem eftersom kemikalierna fortfarande kan vara lagliga att använda i visa länder. Exempelvis är det förbjudet att använda arylaminer inom EU, ändå återfinner vi en av dessa 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane i tvättvatten från alla typer av kläder i denna studie. Idag sker produktion av kläder över hela världen och det är svårt att få information om vilka kemikalier som har använts för ett visst plagg. Denna spårbarhet skulle behöva förbättras.I den här studien har vi hittat 72 av 126 föreningar, alla icke-naturliga föreningar, i tvättvattnet. De föreningar som frigjordes i störst mängder till tvättvattnet i den här studien var BPS, ftalater (DBP, BBP, DEHP, DINP, DIDP), DINCH, organofosfater (TPP, TCEP, TCPP, TEHP, TBEP) och formaldehyd. Med hänsyn taget till nettotillförseln av nya kläder kommer den mängden kemikalier på årlig basis som avges från nya kläder som tvättas de två första gångerna att vara betydande.Även om en del av de föreningar som avges från kläderna kommer att brytas ner under behandlingen av avloppsvattnet i avloppsreningsverken så kommer många av dem att hamna i det utgående vattnet eller i slammet. Dessa kommer hamna i recipienten eller där slam används för att tillföra näringsämnen.Fortsatt arbeteFör att få en ännu bättre bild av hur mycket kemikalier som frigörs från kläder vid tvätt skulle det vara intressant att studera fler klädtyper. Det skulle också vara av intresse att analysera kläderna i sig för att kunna avgöra hur stor andel av det som finns i kläderna som avges vid tvätt, men också vad som finns kvar i kläderna när de så småningom blir textilavfall.Slutligen skulle det vara intressant att genom så kallad "non-target analysis" av både kläder och tvättvatten få veta vilka andra föreningar som förekommer i både kläder och tvättvatten. Rätt använt skulle "non-target anaysis" kunna fånga upp ett brett spektrum av kemikalier och ge en "totalbild" av substansflödet från textilier, via tvättvatten och reningsverk, till olika recipienter.
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| 30. |
- Karlsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the differential cross section for the two-body photodisintegration of He-3 at theta(LAB)=90 degrees using tagged photons in the energy range 14-31 MeV
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 80:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The two-body photodisintegration of He-3 has been investigated using tagged photons with energies from 14-31 MeV at MAX-lab in Lund, Sweden. The two-body breakup channel was unambiguously identified by the (nonsimultaneous) detection of both protons and deuterons. This approach was made feasible by the overdetermined kinematic situation afforded by the tagged-photon technique. Proton-and deuteron-energy spectra were measured using four silicon surface-barrier detector telescopes located at a laboratory angle of 90 degrees with respect to the incident photon-beam direction. Average statistical and systematic uncertainties of 5.7% and 6.6% in the differential cross section were obtained for 11 photon-energy bins with an average width of 1.2 MeV. The results are compared to previous experimental data measured at comparable photon energies as well as to the results of two recent Faddeev calculations which employ realistic potential models and take into account three-nucleon forces and final-state interactions. Both the accuracy and precision of the present data are improved over those obtained in the previous measurements. The data are in good agreement with most of the previous results, and favor the inclusion of three-nucleon forces in the calculations.
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| 31. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular oxygen in the rho Ophiuchi cloud
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 466:3, s. 5-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2 emission.Aims: The work described here uses heterodyne spectroscopy from space to search for molecular oxygen in the interstellar medium. Methods: The Odin satellite carries a 1.1 m sub-millimeter dish and a dedicated 119 GHz receiver for the ground state line of O2. Starting in 2002, the star forming molecular cloud core ρ Oph A was observed with Odin for 34 days during several observing runs.Results: We detect a spectral line at v_LSR =+3.5 km s-1 with Δ v_FWHM=1.5 km s-1, parameters which are also common to other species associated with ρ Oph A. This feature is identified as the O2 (NJ = 11 - 1_0) transition at 118 750.343 MHz.Conclusions: The abundance of molecular oxygen, relative to H{2} , is 5 × 10-8 averaged over the Odin beam. This abundance is consistently lower than previously reported upper limits.Based on observations with Odin, a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes) and Centre National d'Étude Spatiale (CNES). The Swedish Space Corporation has been the industrial prime contractor and also is operating the satellite. Appendix A is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
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| 32. |
- Lindström, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Schizofreni - läkemedelsbehandling, patientens delaktighet och vårdens organisation : En systematisk litteraturöversikt
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Schizofreni är i de flesta fall en kronisk och invalidiserande psykisk sjukdom. Antipsykotiska läkemedel (neuroleptika) är namnet på den grupp läkemedel som är avsedd att lindra de psykotiska symtomen som uppstår vid schizofreni. Antipsykotiska läkemedel kan indelas i första generationens antipsykotika och andra generationens antipsykotika. Denna litteraturöversikt kompletterar SBU:s systematiska översikt från år 1997 med en granskning av andra generationens antipsykotika. I översikten ingår också ett kapitel om den kunskap man idag har om hur personer med schizofreni upplever sin medverkan och sin delaktighet i behandling och vård. Dessutom ingår ett kapitel där man undersökt värdet av integrerade vårdformer för personer med olika psykiatriska tillstånd där huvuddelen av dem har schizofreni.
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| 33. |
- Lundin, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Unemployment and mortality : a longitudinal prospective study on selection and causation in 49 321 Swedish middle-aged men
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 64:1, s. 22-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Unemployment is associated with increased risk of mortality. It is, however, not clear to what extent this is causal, or whether other risk factors remain uncontrolled for. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between unemployment and all cause and cause specific mortality, adjusting for indicators of mental disorder, behavioural risk factors, and social factors over the life course. METHODS: This study was based on a cohort of 49 321 Swedish males born 1949/51, tested for compulsory military conscription in 1969/70. Data on employment/unemployment 1990-1994 was based on information from the Longitudinal Register of Education and Labour Market Statistics. Information on childhood circumstances was drawn from National Population and Housing Census 1960. Information on psychiatric diagnosis and behavioral risk factors was collected at conscription testing in 1969/70. Data on mortality and hospitalisation 1973-2004 was collected in national registers. RESULTS: An increased risk of mortality 1995-2003 was found among individuals who experienced 90 days or more of unemployment during 1992-1994, compared with those still employed (all cause mortality HR = 1.91, 95 % CI: 1.58-2.31. Adjustment for risk factors measured along the life-course considerably lowered the relative risk (all cause mortality HR = 1.30, 95 % CI: 1.06-1.58). Statistically significant increased relative risk was found during the first four years of follow up (all cause mortality, adjusted HR = 1.57, 95 % CI: 1.13-2.18, but not the following four (all cause mortality, adjusted HR = 1.17, 95 % CI: 0.91-1.50). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a substantial part of the increased relative risk of mortality associated with unemployment may be attributable to confounding by individual risk factors.
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| 34. |
- Lundin, Joakim, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Circularly polarized waves in a plasma with vacuum polarization effects
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physics of Plasmas. - : American Institute of Physics. - 1070-664X .- 1089-7674. ; 14:6, s. 064503-3 sidor
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The theory for large amplitude circularly polarized waves propagating along an external magnetic field is extended in order to also include vacuum polarization effects. A general dispersion relation, which unites previous results, is derived.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Lundin, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Compton scattering from the deuteron and extracted neutron polarizabilities
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 90:19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differential cross sections for Compton scattering from the deuteron were measured at MAX-Lab for incident photon energies of 55 and 66 MeV at nominal laboratory angles of 45degrees, 125degrees, and 135degrees. Tagged photons were scattered from liquid deuterium and detected in three NaI spectrometers. By comparing the data with theoretical calculations in the framework of a one-boson-exchange potential model, the sum and the difference of the isospin-averaged nucleon polarizabilities, alpha(N) + beta(N) = 17.4 +/- 3.7 and alpha(N) - beta(N) = 6.4 +/- 2.4 (in units of 10(-4) fm(3)), have been determined. By combining the latter with the global-averaged value for alpha(p) - beta(p) and using the predictions of the Baldin sum rule for the sum of the nucleon polarizabilities, we have obtained values for the neutron electric and magnetic polarizabilities of alpha(n) = 8.8 +/- 2.4(total) +/- 3.0(model) and beta(n) = 6.5 -/+ 2.4(total) -/+ 3.0(model), respectively.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Lundin, Tom, et al.
(författare)
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Traumatic impact of a fire disaster on survivors : A 25-year follow-up of the 1978 hotel fire in Borås, Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 61:6, s. 479-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term psychological and mental health outcomes among survivors of a disastrous hotel fire. A 25-year follow-up investigation among adolescent and young adult survivors of a fire disaster was conducted in Boras, Sweden. A self-evaluation questionnaire and four self-rating scales - the IES-22, PTSS-10, GHQ-28 and SoC - were sent by mail to the participants. The results from the self-reported data showed low levels of psychiatric illness. Moreover, the respondents reported a low level of traumatic stress symptoms. More than 50% of the participants stated that the fire had a determining effect on their lives. Sixteen (21.3%) respondents indicated that the fire still had an impact on their daily lives. Differences between men and women were reported in most of the self-rating scales. The results indicate that a traumatizing experience (such as a fire disaster) still had a small effect on psychological health in a long-term perspective.
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| 39. |
- Magnusson, Lennart, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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The value of ultrasonography in the preoperative diagnostic evaluation of patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation: a prospective study of 44 patients.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056. ; 15:5, s. 649-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of ultrasonography in the pre-operative assessment of patients with recurrent post-traumatic, anterior shoulder instability. Forty-four consecutive patients, 44 men and 12 women, with unilateral, post-traumatic, recurrent instability of the shoulder were included in the study. One experienced radiologist examined all patients, using a 5.0 or 7.5 MHz linear-array transducer, with the arm in different positions, one of which was used to provoke apprehension of the shoulder. Special attention was paid to the evaluation of the joint capsule, the anterior labrum, especially in terms of the presence of a Bankart lesion. All patients were subsequently treated surgically. After a diagnostic arthroscopy either an open or arthroscopic stabilisation of the shoulder was performed. Ultrasonography disclosed an unstable anterior labrum (equivalent to a Bankart lesion) in 36 shoulders; the lesion was verified in all 36 shoulders during arthroscopy. In three shoulders, arthroscopy disclosed an injured labrum, which had healed in an anterio-medial position on the scapular neck. In these three shoulders, ultrasonography failed to show any lesion. In five shoulders no Bankart lesion was found at arthroscopy. All these patients had increased shoulder laxity, and ultrasonography did not show any Bankart lesion. Furthermore a judgement of the joint capsule was not possible either. A bony Bankart lesion was found in four shoulders, using both arthroscopy and ultrasonography. The sensitivity of the ultrasonographic evaluation was 92%, and the specificity 100%. The positive predictive value was 100%, and the negative predictive value 63%. Ultrasonography showed a high correlation with the arthroscopic findings, with a high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, we conclude that US can give important pre-operative information in patients with recurrent, unilateral, post-traumatic, anterior shoulder instability.
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| 40. |
- Makonyi, Karoly, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating vacuum phototriodes designed for the PANDA electromagnetic calorimeter
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576 .- 0167-5087. ; 763, s. 36-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work properties of a vacuum phototriode (VPT) and preamplifier unit designed for the electromagnetic calorimeter of the PANDA experiment being built at FAIR are investigated. With the use of lead tungstate and lanthanium bromide scintillators the VPT properties are studied at low photon energies, from tens of key in the lanthanium bromide measurements and between 10 MeV and 60 MeV in the lead tungstate measurements. At these energies the noise of the VPT unit can be expected to influence its performance significantly. It is shown that the noise contribution to the measured energy resolution, under optimal conditions, is consistent with a fluctuation of (one standard deviation) approximately 200 electrons at the VPT anode. For a lead tungstate crystal this is equivalent to a noise of 1.2 MeV. For lanthanium bromide this makes it possible to use VPTs for gamma ray spectroscopy above a few hundreds of keV without noticeable effects on the energy resolution compared to measurements with a standard photomultiplier.
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| 41. |
- Marcks von Wurtemberg, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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The response of lead-tungstate scintillators (PWO) to photons with energies in the range 13 MeV-64 MeV
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576 .- 0167-5087. ; 679, s. 36-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The response of a matrix of 25 lead tungstate (PWO) scintillator detectors, operated at -25 degrees C, to photons in the range 13 MeV-64 MeV has been measured at the tagged-photon facility at MAX-lab, Lund. The tapered PWO crystals, each with a length of 200 mm and a cross-section of 24.4 x 24.4 mm(2) in the front end, read out by 19 mm photomultiplier tubes, were arranged in a 5 x 5 matrix. The response was measured for photons directed towards the centre of the central crystal as well as for photons directed towards the corner of the central crystal, where four crystals meet. The obtained energy resolution surpasses what has been published so far and is close to the limit given by Poisson statistics and escaped energy. For photons directed towards the centre(corner) of the central crystal the relative energy resolution, defined as (FWHM/2.35)/E-gamma, decreases from 7.3%(11.0%) at E-gamma = 13 MeV to 3.3%(3.6%) at E-gamma = 64 MeV. The reconstructed point of impact of a photon in this energy range is determined with an uncertainty (one standard deviation) of 7.3 +/- 0.1 mm.
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| 42. |
- Margaryan, Ashot, et al.
(författare)
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Low-Pressure MWPC System for the detection of Alpha-Particles and Fission Fragments
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Armenian Journal of Physics. - 1829-1171. ; 3:4, s. 282-291
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A low-pressure, position-sensitive, multi-wire proportional chamber (LPMWPC) system with an active area 12×12 cm 2 for the detection of heavy nuclear fragments, has been developed for use in tagged photon beam experiments. The LPMWPC system can be operated in single as well as double step operational modes. In the case of double step operational mode with a high gas amplification factor, signals from α-particles reside well above the electronic noise. Typical energy loss spectra of alpha particles and fission fragments (FF) obtained from a 252 Cf source are shown and discussed. The pulse height distributions of α-particles have a Landau distribution shape, while the pulse height distribution of FFs differs from Gaussian shape. It has long tails at both low-and high-energy sides. The average pulse height ratio of alpha particles and FF's is close to the theoretical value and amounts to about 1/80.
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| 43. |
- Marklund, Mattias, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Nonlinear propagation of partially coherent dispersive Alfvén waves.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - : INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING. - 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; 74:3, s. 373-376
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of partial coherence on the propagation of dispersive Alfvén waves in a magnetoplasma are investigated. In particular, nonlinear interactions between dispersive Alfvén waves and ion-acoustic perturbations are considered by means of a Wigner formalism. A set of governing equations consisting of a kinetic equation for dispersive Alfvén waves coupled nonlinearly to a ponderomotive force driven ion-acoustic wave equation is obtained. The governing nonlinear equations are used to derive a nonlinear dispersion relation that is appropriate for investigating the modulational instability of broadband Alfvén wavepackets. The spectral broadening of the Alfvén waves gives rise to new regimes for the growth rate of the modulational instability.
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| 44. |
- Morrow, S A, et al.
(författare)
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High-resolution study of the C-12(gamma,p gamma')B-11 reaction using a HpGe detector to resolve excited states of B-11 through the observation of their gamma-ray decays
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C: covering nuclear physics. ; 73
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relative populations of states in 11B following the 12C(,p)11B reaction have been measured with high resolution using a 70% HpGe detector to observe decay rays from the residual nucleus. The triplet of states near 7 MeV in 11B are resolved and the measured populations compared to previous data. The analysis includes a consideration of -proton angular correlations, which was not made in the previous measurement. The new and previous results corrected for angular correlation effects agree reasonably well with calculations that include one- and two-body nuclear currents, pion exchange, and currents, under the assumption that the photons are mainly absorbed on exchanged pions.
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| 45. |
- Myers, L. S., et al.
(författare)
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Compton scattering from C-12 using tagged photons in the energy range 65-115 MeV
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 89:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elastic scattering of photons from C-12 has been investigated using quasimonoenergetic tagged photons with energies in the range 65-115 MeV at laboratory angles of 60 degrees, 120 degrees, and 150 degrees. at the Tagged-Photon Facility at the MAX IV Laboratory in Lund, Sweden. A phenomenological model was employed to provide an estimate of the sensitivity of the C-12(gamma,gamma)C-12 cross section to the bound- nucleon polarizabilities.
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| 46. |
- Myers, L. S., et al.
(författare)
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Compton scattering from the deuteron below pion-production threshold
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 92:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differential cross sections for elastic scattering of photons from the deuteron have recently been measured at the Tagged-Photon Facility at the MAX IV Laboratory in Lund, Sweden. These first new measurements in more than a decade further constrain the isoscalar electromagnetic polarizabilities of the nucleon and provide the first-ever results above 100 MeV, where the sensitivity to the polarizabilities is increased. We add 23 points between 70 and 112 MeV, at angles 60 degrees, 120 degrees, and 150 degrees. Analysis of these data using a chiral effective field theory indicates that the cross sections are both self-consistent and consistent with previous measurements. Extracted values of alpha(s) = [12.1 +/- 0.8(stat) +/- 0.2(BSR) +/- 0.8(th)] x 10(-4) fm(3) and beta(s) = [2.4 +/- 0.8(stat) +/- 0.2(BSR) +/- 0.8(th)] x 10(-4) fm(3) are obtained from a fit to these 23 new data points. This paper presents in detail the experimental conditions and the data analysis used to extract the cross sections.
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| 47. |
- Myers, L S, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of compton scattering from the deuteron and an improved extraction of the neutron electromagnetic polarizabilities.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 113:26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electromagnetic polarizabilities of the nucleon are fundamental properties that describe its response to external electric and magnetic fields. They can be extracted from Compton-scattering data-and have been, with good accuracy, in the case of the proton. In contradistinction, information for the neutron requires the use of Compton scattering from nuclear targets. Here, we report a new measurement of elastic photon scattering from deuterium using quasimonoenergetic tagged photons at the MAX IV Laboratory in Lund, Sweden. These first new data in more than a decade effectively double the world data set. Their energy range overlaps with previous experiments and extends it by 20 MeV to higher energies. An analysis using chiral effective field theory with dynamical Δ(1232) degrees of freedom shows the data are consistent with and within the world data set. After demonstrating that the fit is consistent with the Baldin sum rule, extracting values for the isoscalar nucleon polarizabilities, and combining them with a recent result for the proton, we obtain the neutron polarizabilities as α_{n}=[11.55±1.25(stat)±0.2(BSR)±0.8(th)]×10^{-4} fm^{3} and β_{n}=[3.65∓1.25(stat)±0.2(BSR)∓0.8(th)]×10^{-4} fm^{3}, with χ^{2}=45.2 for 44 degrees of freedom.
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| 49. |
- Nilsson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Near-threshold measurement of the He-4(gamma,n) reaction
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 626:1-4, s. 65-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A near-threshold He-4(gamma, n) cross-section measurement has been performed at MAX-lab. Tagged photons from 23 < Ey < 42 MeV were directed toward a liquid He-4 target, and neutrons were detected by time-of-flight in two liquid-scintillator arrays. Seven-point angular distributions were measured for eight photon energies. The results are compared to experimental data measured at comparable energies and Recoil-Corrected Continuum Shell Model, Resonating Group Method, and recent Hyperspherical-Harmonic Expansion calculations. The angle-integrated cross-section data are peaked at a photon energy of about 28 MeV, in disagreement with the value recommended by Calarco, Berman, and Donnelly in 1983.
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| 50. |
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