| 1. |
- Akkurt, I, et al.
(författare)
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Photoneutron yields from tungsten in the energy range of the giant dipole resonance
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6560 .- 0031-9155. ; 48:20, s. 3345-3352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoneutron production on the nuclei of high-Z components of medical accelerator heads can lead to a significant secondary dose during a course of bremsstrahlung radiotherapy, However, a quantitative evaluation of secondary neutron dose requires improved data on the photoreaction yields. These have been measured as a function of photon energy, neutron energy and neutron angle for W-nat, using tagged photons at the MAX-Lab photonuclear facility in Sweden. This work presents neutron yields for W-nat(gamma, n) and compares these with the predictions of the Monte Carlo code MCNP-GN, developed specifically to simulate photoneutron production at medical accelerators.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bastardo Zambrano, Luis Alejandro, et al.
(författare)
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Soluble complexes in aqueous mixtures of low charge density comb polyelectrolyte and oppositely charged surfactant probed by scattering and NMR
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 312, s. 21-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A low charge density polyelectrolyte with a high graft density of 45 units long poly(ethylene oxide) side-chains has been synthesized. In this comb polymer, denoted PEO45 MEMA:METAC-2, 2 mol% of the repeating methacrylate units in the polymer backbone carry a permanent positive charge and the remaining 98 mol% a 45 unit long PEO side-chain. Here we describe the solution conformation of this polymer and its association with an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS. It will be shown that the polymer can be viewed as a stiff rod with a cross-section radius of gyration of 29 Å. The cross section of the rod contracts with increasing temperature due to decreased solvency of the PEO side-chains. The anionic surfactant associates to a significant degree with PEO45 MEMA:METAC-2 to form soluble complexes at all stoichiometries. A cooperative association is observed as the free SDS concentration approaches 7 mM. At saturation the number of SDS molecules associated with the polymer amounts to 10 for each PEO side-chain. Two distinct populations of associated surfactants are observed, one is suggested to be molecularly distributed over the comb polymer and the other constitutes small micellar-like structures at the periphery of the aggregate. These conclusions are reached based on results from small-angle neutron scattering, static light scattering, NMR, and surface tension measurements.
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| 5. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Exposure to Trauma on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology in Swedish Tourist Tsunami Survivors
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. - 0022-3018 .- 1539-736X. ; 197:5, s. 316-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to examine long-term mental health and posttraumatic stress symptomatology in a Swedish tourist population after exposure to the 2004 Southeast Asian tsunami. Data from 4822 returned questionnaires 14 months after the disaster were analyzed. Respondents were categorized into 3 subgroups: (1) danger-to-life exposure group (having been caught or chased by the waves), (2) nondanger-to-life exposure group (exposed to other disaster-related stressors), and (3) low exposure group. Main outcome measures were General Health Questionnaire-12 and Impact of Event Scale-22-Revised. Danger-to-life exposure was an important factor in causing more severe posttraumatic stress symptoms and in affecting mental health. Female gender, single status, and former trauma experiences were associated with greater distress. Other factors related to more severe symptoms were loss of relatives, physical injuries, viewing many dead bodies, experiencing life threat, and showing signs of cognitive confusion. Disaster exposure has a substantial impact on survivors, which stresses the need for long-lasting support.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of Traumatic Bereavement on Tsunami-Exposed Survivors
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Traumatic Stress. - : Wiley. - 0894-9867 .- 1573-6598. ; 22:6, s. 497-504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fourteen months after the 2004 tsunami, mental health outcome was assessed in 187 bereaved relatives, 308 bereaved friends, and in 3,020 nonbereaved Swedish survivors. Of the bereaved relatives, 41% reported posttraumatic stress reactions and 62% reported impaired general mental health. Having been caught or chased by the tsunami in combination with bereavement was associated with increased posttraumatic stress reactions. Complicated grief reactions among relatives were almost as frequent as posttraumatic stress reactions. The highest levels of psychological distress were found among those who had lost children. Traumatic bereavement, in combination with exposure to life danger, is probably a risk factor for mental health sequelae after a natural disaster.
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| 8. |
- Blomberg, Lars G., et al.
(författare)
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Solar windmagnetosphere-ionosphere coupling : an event study based on Freja data
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-6826 .- 1879-1824. ; 66:5, s. 375-380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Freja data are used to study the relative contributions from the high-latitude (reconnection/direct entry) and low-latitude (viscous interaction) dynamos to the cross-polar potential drop. Convection streamlines which are connected to the high-latitude dynamo may be identified from dispersed magnetosheath ions not only in the cusp/cleft region itself but also several degrees poleward of it. This fact, together with Freja's orbital geometry allows us to infer the potential drop from the high-latitude dynamo as well as to obtain a lower limit to the potential drop from the low-latitude dynamo for dayside Freja passes. All cases studied here are for active magnetospheric conditions. The Freja data suggest that under these conditions at least one third of the potential is generated in the low-latitude dynamo. These observations are consistent with earlier observations of the potential across the low-latitude boundary layer if we assume that the low-latitude dynamo region extends over several tens of Earth radii in the antisunward direction along the tail flanks, and that the majority of the potential drop derives from the sun-aligned component of the electric field rather than from its cross-boundary component, or equivalently, that the centre of the dynamo region is located quite far down tail. A possible dynamo geometry is illustrated.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Eberhard, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of therapy and androgen receptor polymorphism on sperm concentration in men treated for testicular germ cell cancer: a longitudinal study.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 19:6, s. 1418-1425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in Undetermined BACKGROUND: Testicular cancer (TC) patients have a high survival rate, and the question of post-therapy recovery of sperm production and its dependence on genetic predisposition is of major interest. METHODS: Ejaculates were obtained from 112 TC patients at one or more of the following time points: post-orchidectomy, or 6, 12, 24, 36 and 60 months post-therapy. The lengths of the androgen receptor (AR) function modulating CAG and GGN repeats in leukocyte DNA were also analysed. RESULTS: No significant decrease in sperm concentration was seen in men who received 1-2 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). Radiotherapy (RT) or more than two cycles of chemotherapy (HCT) caused an initial decline in sperm concentration, which returned to pre-treatment levels 2-5 years after therapy. In the HCT group, sperm concentration 12-24 months post-treatment (T(12-24)) was inversely correlated with CAG length (rho = -0.72, P = 0.03). The type of treatment, but not the concentration at T(0), was an independent predictor of sperm concentration at T(6) (P < 0.0005) and T(12-24) (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: ACT did not induce a significant decline in sperm concentration. After HCT and RT, a significant reduction of sperm concentration was observed, recovering to pre-treatment levels 2-5 years post-treatment. In HCT-treated patients, the AR CAG length influenced the recovery of spermatogenesis.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Enell, Anja, et al.
(författare)
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ash: Determination of total and leachable concentrations
- 2008
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier BV. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 152:2, s. 285-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Before wood ash can be used as a soil fertilizer, concentrations of environmentally hazardous compounds must be investigated. In this study, total and leachable concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in four ash samples and one green liquor sludge. The ash sample with the highest carbon content also contained high levels of PAHs; three of the ash samples had total concentrations exceeding the limit permitted by the Swedish Forest Agency for recycling to forest soils. The leachable concentrations were higher for the nonstabilized samples; this was probably due to colloid-facilitated transport of the contaminants in these samples. However, the leachable concentrations were overall relatively low in all the samples studied. The amounts of PAHs introduced to forest soils by additions of stabilized, recyclable ash products will be determined primarily by the rate of weathering of the ash particles and the total concentration of contaminants.
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| 14. |
- Essving, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced hospital stay, morphine consumption, and pain intensity with local infiltration analgesia after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
- 2009
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Ingår i: ACTA ORTHOPAEDICA. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3674 .- 1745-3682. ; 80:2, s. 213-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose The degree of postoperative pain is usually moderate to severe following knee arthroplasty. We investigated the efficacy of local administration of analgesics into the operating area, both intraoperatively and postoperatively. Methods 40 patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) were randomized into 2 groups in a double-blind study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00653926). In group A (active), 200 mg ropivacaine, 30 mg ketorolac, and 0.5 mg epinephrine (total volume 106 mL) were infiltrated intraoperatively into the soft tissue, while in group P (placebo), no injections were given. 21 hours postoperatively, 150 mg ropivacain, 30 mg ketorolac, and 0.1 mg epinephrine were injected intraarticularly via a catheter in group A, whereas patients in group P were injected with the same volume of saline (22 mL). Results Median hospital stay was shorter in group A than in group P: 1 (1-6) days as opposed to 3 (1-6) days (p 0.001). Postoperative pain in group A was statistically significantly lower at rest after 6 h and 27 h and on movement after 6, 12, 22, and 27 h. Morphine consumption was statistically significantly lower in group A for the first 48 h, resulting in a lower frequency of nausea, pruritus, and sedation. Postoperatively, there were improved functional scores (Oxford knee score and EQ-5D) in both groups relative to the corresponding preoperative values. Interpretation Local injection of analgesics periarticularly at the end of the operation and intraarticularly at 21 h postoperatively provided excellent pain relief and earlier home discharge following UKA. There was a high degree of patient satisfaction in both groups after 6 months.
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| 15. |
- Essving, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced hospital stay, morphine consumption, and pain intensity with local infiltration analgesia after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty : a randomized double-blind study of 40 patients
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - Lund : Taylor & Francis. - 1745-3674 .- 1745-3682. ; 80:2, s. 213-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The degree of postoperative pain is usually moderate to severe following knee arthroplasty. We investigated the efficacy of local administration of analgesics into the operating area, both intraoperatively and postoperatively. METHODS: 40 patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) were randomized into 2 groups in a double-blind study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00653926). In group A (active), 200 mg ropivacaine, 30 mg ketorolac, and 0.5 mg epinephrine (total volume 106 mL) were infiltrated intraoperatively into the soft tissue, while in group P (placebo), no injections were given. 21 hours postoperatively, 150 mg ropivacain, 30 mg ketorolac, and 0.1 mg epinephrine were injected intraarticularly via a catheter in group A, whereas patients in group P were injected with the same volume of saline (22 mL). RESULTS: Median hospital stay was shorter in group A than in group P: 1 (1-6) days as opposed to 3 (1-6) days (p < 0.001). Postoperative pain in group A was statistically significantly lower at rest after 6 h and 27 h and on movement after 6, 12, 22, and 27 h. Morphine consumption was statistically significantly lower in group A for the first 48 h, resulting in a lower frequency of nausea, pruritus, and sedation. Postoperatively, there were improved functional scores (Oxford knee score and EQ-5D) in both groups relative to the corresponding preoperative values. INTERPRETATION: Local injection of analgesics periarticularly at the end of the operation and intraarticularly at 21 h postoperatively provided excellent pain relief and earlier home discharge following UKA. There was a high degree of patient satisfaction in both groups after 6 months (Clinical Trials.gov: NCT 00653926).
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Greiff, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Absorption across the nasal airway mucosa in house dust mite perennial allergic rhinitis.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961. ; 22:1, s. 55-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- House dust mite allergens express protease activity and it has been suggested that this property has pathogenic effects by increasing airway absorption. In accordance, house dust mite allergens may increase mucosal permeability in vitro. The objective of the present study was to examine nasal absorption of desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) in patients with perennial house dust mite allergic rhinitis and in healthy subjects in vivo. Patients with perennial allergic rhinitis were examined after a 4-week treatment withdrawal period, when symptoms of allergic rhinitis occurred, and healthy subjects were examined together with the patients. Desmopressin (20 microg ml(-1)) was moved into the nasal cavity using a nasal pool-device that contained 15 ml fluid. The fluid was kept in the nasal cavity for 15 min and then recovered. Urine was collected for 24 h after the nasal administration and the urinary excretion of desmopressin was determined as an index of nasal absorption. The urinary excretion of desmopressin was 1148+/-535 pmol 24 h(-1) in patients with perennial house dust mite allergic rhinitis and 1012+/-291 pmol 24 h(-1) in healthy subjects. We conclude that nasal airway absorption of the 1067 Da peptide desmopressin is unaffected in perennial house dust mite allergic rhinitis compared with healthy subjects.
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| 18. |
- Gräslund, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Charge engineering of a protein domain to allow efficient ion-exchange recovery
- 2000
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Ingår i: Protein Engineering. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0269-2139 .- 1460-213X. ; 13:10, s. 703-709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have created protein domains with extreme surface charge. These mutated domains allow for ion-exchange chromatography under conditions favourable for selective and efficient capture, using Escherichia coli as a host organism. The staphylococcal protein A-derived domain Z (Z(wt)) was used asa scaffold when constructing two mutants, Z(basic1) and Z(basic2), with high positive surface charge. Far-ultraviolet circular dichroism measurements showed that they have a secondary structure content comparable to the parental molecule Z(wt). Although melting temperatures (T-m) of the engineered domains were lower than that of the wild-type Z domain, both mutants could be produced successfully as intracellular full-length products in E. coli and purified to homogeneity by ion-exchange chromatography. Further studies performed on Z(basic1) and Z(basic2) showed that they were able to bind to a cation exchanger even at pH values in the 9 to 11 range. A gene fusion between Z(basic2) and the acidic human serum albumin binding domain (ABD), derived from streptococcal protein G, was also constructed. The gene product Z(basic2)-ABD could be purified using cation-exchange chromatography from a whole cell lysate to more than 90% purity.
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| 19. |
- Gräslund, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Strategy for highly selective ion-exchange capture using a charge-polarizing fusion partner
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 942:1-2, s. 157-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To achieve efficient recovery of recombinantly produced target proteins using cation-exchange chromatography, a novel basic protein domain is used as a purification handle. The proteolytic instability usually encountered for basic peptide tags is avoided by the use of a highly constrained α-helical domain based on staphylococcal protein A into which positively charged amino acids have been introduced. Here we show that this domain, consisting of 58 amino acids with a calculated isoelectric point (pI) of 10.5, can be used to efficiently capture different fused target proteins, such as a bacterial DNA polymerase (Klenow fragment), a viral protease (3C) and a fungal lipase (Cutinase). In contrast to standard cation-exchange chromatography, efficient capture can be achieved also at a pH value higher than the pI of the fusion protein, demonstrated here by Zbasic-Klenow polymerase (pI≈5.8) and ZZ-Cutinase-Zbasic (pI≈7.2) both purified at a pH of 7.5. These results show that the Zbasic domain is able to confer a regional concentration of positive charge on the fusion protein even at a relatively high pH. Hence, the data suggest that this domain could be used for highly efficient and selective capture of target proteins at conditions where most host-cell proteins do not bind to the chromatographic resin. The obtained purity after this one-step procedure suggests that the strategy could be an alternative to standard affinity chromatography. Methods for site-specific proteolysis of the fusion proteins to release native target proteins are also discussed.
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| 20. |
- Hedenus, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Addition of intravenous iron to epoetin beta increases hemoglobin response and decreases epoetin dose requirement in anemic patients with lymphoproliferative malignancies : a randomized multicenter study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 21:4, s. 627-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This randomized study assessed if intravenous iron improves hemoglobin (Hb) response and permits decreased epoetin dose in anemic (Hb 9 - 11 g/dl), transfusion-independent patients with stainable iron in the bone marrow and lymphoproliferative malignancies not receiving chemotherapy. Patients (n = 67) were randomized to subcutaneous epoetin beta 30 000 IU once weekly for 16 weeks with or without concomitant intravenous iron supplementation. There was a significantly (P < 0.05) greater increase in mean Hb from week 8 onwards in the iron group and the percentage of patients with Hb increase >= 2 g/dl was significantly higher in the iron group (93%) than in the no-iron group (53%) (per-protocol population; P < 0.001). Higher serum ferritin and transferrin saturation in the iron group indicated that iron availability accounted for the Hb response difference. The mean weekly patient epoetin dose was significantly lower after 13 weeks of therapy (P < 0.029) and after 15 weeks approximately 10 000 IU (425%) lower in the iron group, as was the total epoetin dose (P = 0.051). In conclusion, the Hb increase and response rate were significantly greater with the addition of intravenous iron to epoetin treatment in iron-replete patients and a lower dose of epoetin was required.
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| 21. |
- Hjalmarson, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Recent astronomy highlights from the Odin satellite
- 2005
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Ingår i: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0273-1177 .- 1879-1948. ; 36, s. 1031-1047
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Astronomy highlights, mainly from the third year of Odin observations time shared 50/50% with aeronomy are presented: the very low O2 abundance limits achieved, the highly pressure broadened absorption lines of H2O, H218O, and CO (5 → 4) in the atmosphere of Mars, the high precision H2O and H218O observations of comets, the detections of NH3 and H2O around the C-rich star IRC+10216 (CW Leo) and of H2O around the O-rich star W Hya, NH3 and H2O observations of infall/outflow interactions, observations of H2O, H218O, H217O as well as NH3 and 15NH3 in multiple absorptions towards Sgr B2, and in emission towards Orion KL, the H2O detection of several new outflows in the DR21 W75S region. We also discuss the results of deconvolution of high S/N H2O, CO and 13CO (5 → 4) maps of the Orion KL region to 40″ resolution (the beam size of the Herschel telescope) and the first results from our ongoing “spectral scan” of Orion KL in bands around 555 and 570 GHz. Finally, a search for primordial molecules is presented.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Kaaks, Rudolf, et al.
(författare)
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Prospective study of IGF-I, IGF-binding proteins, and breast cancer risk, in Northern and Southern Sweden
- 2002
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Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - 1573-7225 .- 0957-5243. ; 13:4, s. 307-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine the possible relationships of breast cancer risk to prediagnostic plasma levels of insulin; insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I); and IGF-binding proteins -1, -2, and -3. Methods: Within two prospective cohorts in Umea and Malmo we measured plasma concentrations of insulin, IGF-I, and IGFBPs for a total of 513 incident breast cancer cases and 987 matched controls. Results: Globally, risk was unassociated with levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, or IGF-I adjusted for IGFBP-3. When breaking down the analysis by subgroups of age at blood donation, an increase in risk was observed for increasing levels of IGF-I in women aged 55 or older, in the Umea cohort only (odds ratios of 1.00, 1.73, 1.76, 1.90; p(trend) = 0.05). This effect weakened, however, when the analysis was restricted to subjects who did not use exogenous hormones for the treatment of menopausal symptoms. Levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were not related to risk in younger women, recruited before age 50, contrary to observations from previous studies. In a subcohort where blood samples had been collected after at least four hours of fasting, breast cancer risk showed no clear associations with levels of insulin, IGFBP-1, or IGFBP-2. Conclusions: Our results do not confirm earlier findings of an association of plasma IGF-I levels with breast cancer risk especially in young women, but suggest a possible association with postmenopausal breast cancer risk, possibly among ERT/HRT users only. Our results do not support the hypothesis that elevated plasma insulin levels, and reduced levels of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2, are associated with increased breast cancer risk.
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| 24. |
- Karlsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the differential cross section for the two-body photodisintegration of He-3 at theta(LAB)=90 degrees using tagged photons in the energy range 14-31 MeV
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 80:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The two-body photodisintegration of He-3 has been investigated using tagged photons with energies from 14-31 MeV at MAX-lab in Lund, Sweden. The two-body breakup channel was unambiguously identified by the (nonsimultaneous) detection of both protons and deuterons. This approach was made feasible by the overdetermined kinematic situation afforded by the tagged-photon technique. Proton-and deuteron-energy spectra were measured using four silicon surface-barrier detector telescopes located at a laboratory angle of 90 degrees with respect to the incident photon-beam direction. Average statistical and systematic uncertainties of 5.7% and 6.6% in the differential cross section were obtained for 11 photon-energy bins with an average width of 1.2 MeV. The results are compared to previous experimental data measured at comparable photon energies as well as to the results of two recent Faddeev calculations which employ realistic potential models and take into account three-nucleon forces and final-state interactions. Both the accuracy and precision of the present data are improved over those obtained in the previous measurements. The data are in good agreement with most of the previous results, and favor the inclusion of three-nucleon forces in the calculations.
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| 25. |
- Knutsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Progress of a star oriented on-sky MCAO setup
- 2007
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Ingår i: OSA Techical Digest, Adaptive Optics: Analysis and Methods/Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging/Information Photonics/Signal Recovery and Synthesis Topical Meetings on CD-ROM. - 1557528381 ; , s. 4-4
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Closed loop lab tests of a dual-conjugate adpative optics setup are presented. The corrected field of view is improved compared to ground-layer and single-conjugate adaptive optics. The setup is eventually intended for on-sky observations.
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| 26. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular oxygen in the rho Ophiuchi cloud
- 2007
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Ingår i: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 466:3, s. 5-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2 emission.Aims: The work described here uses heterodyne spectroscopy from space to search for molecular oxygen in the interstellar medium. Methods: The Odin satellite carries a 1.1 m sub-millimeter dish and a dedicated 119 GHz receiver for the ground state line of O2. Starting in 2002, the star forming molecular cloud core ρ Oph A was observed with Odin for 34 days during several observing runs.Results: We detect a spectral line at v_LSR =+3.5 km s-1 with Δ v_FWHM=1.5 km s-1, parameters which are also common to other species associated with ρ Oph A. This feature is identified as the O2 (NJ = 11 - 1_0) transition at 118 750.343 MHz.Conclusions: The abundance of molecular oxygen, relative to H{2} , is 5 × 10-8 averaged over the Odin beam. This abundance is consistently lower than previously reported upper limits.Based on observations with Odin, a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes) and Centre National d'Étude Spatiale (CNES). The Swedish Space Corporation has been the industrial prime contractor and also is operating the satellite. Appendix A is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Liljelind, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Method for Multiresidue Determination of Halogenated Aromatics and PAHs in Combustion-Related Samples
- 2003
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Ingår i: Environmental Science & Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 37:16, s. 3680-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flue gas and fly ash samples have a complex composition. Thus, thorough extraction and selective cleanup prior to analysis are essential. This paper presents an evaluated method for determining halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PXDD), halogenated dibenzofurans (PXDF), chlorinated biphenyls (PCB), chlorobenzenes (CBz), -phenols (CPh), dibenzo-p-dioxins (DD), dibenzofurans (DF), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a single sample. Since these combustion byproducts are ubiquitous, harmful environmental contaminants it is very important to obtain reliable assessments of them: especially specific PCDD/F and PCB congeners with Ah-receptor mediated toxicity. The reported method for this purpose includes techniques such as solid-phase extraction, Soxhlet-Dean-Stark extraction, cleanup using open liquid chromatographic columns, and finally GC/MS analysis/determination with quantification by the isotope dilution technique. The validation results presented here show good reproducibility for PXDD/F and PCB and are satisfactory for CPh, CBz, and PAH. An extraction efficiency test revealed that a nonpolar solvent did not completely extract a few analytes, i.e., diCPh and fluorene, which appear to require a more polar extraction agent. To pinpoint and minimize the loss of analytes, specific studies on reductions of their amounts during sample concentration were performed, showing that traditional rotary evaporation and nitrogen blow-down produce equally good results as a novel technique.
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| 29. |
- Lindskog, Henrik, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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New insights to vascular smooth muscle cell and pericyte differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells in vitro.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. - 1524-4636. ; 26:7, s. 1457-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The molecular mechanisms that regulate pericyte differentiation are not well understood, partly because of the lack of well-characterized in vitro systems that model this process. In this article, we develop a mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell-based angiogenesis/vasculogenesis assay and characterize the system for vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and pericyte differentiation. METHODS AND RESULTS: ES cells that were cultured for 5 days on OP9 stroma cells upregulated their transcription of VSMC and pericyte selective genes. Other SMC marker genes were induced at a later time point, which suggests that vascular SMC/pericyte genes are regulated by a separate mechanism. Moreover, sequence analysis failed to identify any conserved CArG elements in the vascular SMC and pericyte gene promoters, which indicates that serum response factor is not involved in their regulation. Gleevec, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) spell-receptor signaling, and a neutralizing antibody against transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1, beta2, and beta3 failed to inhibit the induction of vascular SMC/pericyte genes. Finally, ES-derived vascular sprouts recruited cocultured MEF cells to pericyte-typical locations. The recruited cells activated expression of a VSMC- and pericyte-specific reporter gene. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that OP9 stroma cells induce pericyte differentiation of cocultured mouse ES cells. The induction of pericyte marker genes is temporally separated from the induction of SMC genes and does not require platelet-derived growth factor B or TGFbeta1 signaling.
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| 30. |
- Ljotsson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Remote treatment of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder : A randomized trial of Internet-assisted cognitive behavioural therapy
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Behaviour Research and Therapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-7967 .- 1873-622X. ; 45:4, s. 649-661
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigated the efficacy of self-help based on cognitive behaviour therapy in combination with Internet support in the treatment of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. After confirming the diagnosis with an in-person interview, 73 patients were randomly allocated to treatment or a waiting list control group. Treated individuals showed marked improvement after 12 weeks of self-help compared to the control group on both primary and secondary outcome measures. Intent-to-treat analyses revealed that 37% (46% among completers) had no binge eating or purging at the end of the treatment and a considerable number of patients achieved clinically significant improvement on most of the other measures as well. The results were maintained at the 6-month follow-up, and provide evidence to support the continued use and development of self-help programmes.
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| 31. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Body mass index, circulating levels of sex-steroid hormones, IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 : a cross-sectional study in healthy women.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 150:2, s. 161-171
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Excess weight has been associated with increased risk of cancer at several organ sites. In part, this effect may be modulated through alterations in the metabolism of sex steroids and IGF-I related peptides. The objectives of the study were to examine the association of body mass index (BMI) with circulating androgens (testosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)), estrogens (estrone and estradiol), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), IGF-I and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3, and the relationship between sex steroids, IGF-I and IGFBP-3. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using hormonal and questionnaire data of 620 healthy women (177 pre- and 443 post-menopausal). The laboratory measurements of the hormones of interest were available from two previous case-control studies on endogenous hormones and cancer risk. RESULTS: In the pre-menopausal group, BMI was not related to androgens and IGF-I. In the post-menopausal group, estrogens, testosterone and androstenedione increased with increasing BMI. The association with IGF-I was non-linear, with the highest mean concentrations observed in women with BMI between 24 and 25. In both pre- and post-menopausal subjects, IGFBP-3 did not vary across BMI categories and SHBG decreased with increasing BMI. As for the correlations between peptide and steroid hormones, in the post-menopausal group, IGF-I was positively related to androgens, inversely correlated with SHBG, and not correlated with estrogens. In the pre-menopausal group, similar but weaker correlations between IGF-I and androgens were observed. CONCLUSIONS: These observations offer evidence that obesity may influence the levels of endogenous sex-steroid and IGF-related hormones in the circulation, especially after menopause. Circulating IGF-I, androgens and SHBG appear to be related to each other in post-menopausal women.
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| 32. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of ovarian cancer.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 101:6, s. 549-554
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, a mitogenic and anti-apoptotic peptide, has been implicated in the development of several cancers. We hypothesized that high circulating IGF-I concentrations may be associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. A case-control study was nested within 3 prospective cohorts in New York (USA), Umeå (Sweden) and Milan (Italy). One hundred thirty-two women with primary invasive epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed at least 1 year after blood donation were case subjects. For each case, 2 control subjects were selected, matching the case subject on cohort, menopausal status, age and date of recruitment (n = 263). Only women who did not use exogenous hormones at blood donation were included in the study. There was no association between IGF-I concentrations and ovarian cancer risk in the study group as a whole. In analyses restricted to subjects who had developed ovarian cancer at a young age (<55), circulating IGF-I was directly and strongly associated with ovarian cancer risk (OR = 4.97; 95% CI = 1.22-20.2 for the top vs. the bottom IGF-I tertile after adjustment for parity, BMI categories and smoking). There was no significant association of IGF binding protein-3 with ovarian cancer risk. We found a strong direct relationship between circulating IGF-I levels and risk of developing ovarian cancer before age 55. Additional, larger studies of this association are needed to provide more precise estimates of effect.
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| 33. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Circulating levels of sex steroid hormones and risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 108:3, s. 425-432
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental and epidemiological data support a role for sex steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. The associations of pre-diagnostic blood concentrations of estradiol, estrone, testosterone, androstenedione, DHEAS and SHBG with endometrial cancer risk were investigated. A case-control study was nested within 3 cohorts in New York (USA), Umeå (Sweden) and Milan (Italy). Cases were 124 postmenopausal women with invasive endometrial cancer. For each case, 2 controls were selected, matching the case on cohort, age and date of recruitment. Only postmenopausal women who did not use exogenous hormones at the time of blood donation were included. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by conditional logistic regression. ORs (95% CI) for endometrial cancer for quartiles with the highest hormone levels, relative to the lowest were as follows: 4.13 (1.76-9.72), p(trend) = 0.0008 for estradiol, 3.67 (1.71-7.88), p(trend) = 0.0007 for estrone, 2.15 (1.05-4.40), p(trend) = 0.04 for androstenedione, 1.74 (0.88-3.46), p(trend) = 0.06 for testosterone, 2.90 (1.42-5.90), p(trend) = 0.002 for DHEAS and 0.46 (0.20-1.05), p(trend) = 0.01 for SHBG after adjustment for body mass index, use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy. The results of our multicenter prospective study showed a strong direct association of circulating estrogens, androgens and an inverse association of SHBG levels with endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women. The effect of elevated androstenedione and testosterone levels on disease risk seems to be mediated mainly through their conversion to estrogens, although an independent effect of androgens on tumor growth cannot be ruled out, in particular in the years close to diagnosis.
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| 34. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Circulating levels of sex steroid hormones and risk of ovarian cancer.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 104:5, s. 636-642
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental and epidemiological evidence supports a role for sex steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. We investigated the association between ovarian cancer risk and pre-diagnostic blood concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, DHEAS, estrone and SHBG. A case-control study nested within 3 cohorts, in New York (USA), Umeå (Sweden) and Milan (Italy), included 132 subjects with primary invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. For each case subject, 2 controls were selected who matched a case on cohort, menopausal status, age and date of recruitment and, if premenopausal, day of the menstrual cycle at blood donation. Only women who did not use exogenous hormones at blood donation were included in the study. Conditional logistic regression was used to relate cancer risk to sex steroid hormone concentrations with adjustment for potential confounders. No clear association was observed between ovarian cancer risk and any of the 5 hormones under study. In the premenopausal group, the risk appeared to increase with increasing blood concentrations of androstenedione (upper vs. lower tertile OR = 2.35; 95% CI = 0.81-6.82.), but the small number of subjects in the sub-group precluded reaching unambiguous conclusions about such association. Our study does not support previous observations relating elevations in blood levels of the major sex steroid hormones to an increased risk of ovarian cancer, but offers some evidence that elevated circulating androstenedione before menopause may be associated with increased ovarian cancer risk.
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| 35. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein concentrations in pregnancy and maternal risk of breast cancer : a nested case-control study.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 168:11, s. 1284-1291
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pregnancy hormones are believed to be involved in the protection against breast cancer conferred by pregnancy. The authors explored the association of maternal breast cancer with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). In 2001, a case-control study was nested within the Northern Sweden Maternity Cohort, an ongoing study in which blood samples have been collected from first-trimester pregnant women since 1975. Cases (n = 210) and controls (n = 357) were matched for age, parity, and date of blood donation. Concentrations of hCG and AFP were measured by immunoassay. No overall significant association of breast cancer with either hCG or AFP was observed. However, women with hCG levels in the top tertile tended to be at lower risk of breast cancer than women with hCG levels in the lowest tertile in the whole study population and in subgroups of age at sampling, parity, and age at cancer diagnosis. A borderline-significant decrease in risk with high hCG levels was observed in women who developed breast cancer after the median lag time to cancer diagnosis (> or =14 years; odds ratio = 0.53, 95% confidence interval: 0.27, 1.03; P = 0.06). These findings, though very preliminary, are consistent with a possible long-term protective association of breast cancer risk with elevated levels of circulating hCG in the early stages of pregnancy.
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| 36. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Insulin-like growth factor I in pregnancy and maternal risk of breast cancer
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - Baltimore : Waverly Press. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 15:12, s. 2489-2493
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in breast cancer remains controversial, despite numerous reports on the association of the hormone with breast cancer or high-risk mammographic densities. We hypothesized that exposure to elevated IGF-I during early pregnancy, a period characterized by intense cell proliferation in the breasts and in the presence of high concentrations of sex steroids, will be associated with increased maternal risk to develop a breast malignancy. Methods: The Northern Sweden Maternity Cohort is an ongoing prospective study, collecting blood samples from first-trimester-pregnant women since 1975 as part of screening for infectious diseases. A case-control study (212 cases and 369 controls) was nested among Northern Sweden Maternity Cohort members who delivered singleton babies. RIA was used to measure IGF-I and IGF-II levels. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: Breast cancer risk increased with increasing IGF-I (top tertile OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.7). The association was stronger among the primiparous (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.4) than in the nonprimiparous women (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.7-2.8). Upper-tertile risks seemed to decrease within the <28-, 28 to 33, and >33-year groups of age at sampling, from 2.5 (0.9-7.6) to 2.1 (0.9-5.0) and 1.2 (0.5-2.5), respectively. There was no association of breast cancer with first-trimester-pregnancy IGF-II. Conclusions: The study offers further evidence that IGF-I is important in breast cancer. Our findings suggest that the adverse effect of IGF-I on the breast may be stronger before the remodeling of the gland induced by a first pregnancy.
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| 37. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Prediagnostic levels of C-peptide, IGF-I, IGFBP -1, -2 and -3 and risk of endometrial cancer.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 108:2, s. 262-268
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conditions related to chronic hyperinsulinemia, such as obesity, noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome, are associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer. Elevated plasma IGF-I and decreased levels of IGF-binding proteins have been shown to be associated with increased risk of several cancer types that are frequent in affluent societies. We investigated for the first time in a prospective study the association of pre-diagnostic blood concentrations of C-peptide (a marker of pancreatic insulin production), IGF-I, IGFBP-1, -2 and -3 with endometrial cancer risk. A case-control study was nested within 3 cohorts in New York (USA), Umeå (Sweden) and Milan (Italy). It included 166 women with primary invasive endometrial cancer and 315 matched controls, of which 44 case and 78 control subjects were premenopausal at recruitment. Endometrial cancer risk increased with increasing levels of C-peptide (ptrend = 0.0002), up to an odds ratio (OR) of 4.76 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.91-11.8] for the highest quintile. This association remained after adjustment for BMI and other confounders [OR for the top quintile = 4.40 (1.65-11.7)]. IGFBP-1 levels were inversely related to endometrial cancer [ptrend = 0.002; OR in the upper quintile = 0.30 (0.15-0.62)], but the association was weakened and lost statistical significance after adjustment for confounders [ptrend = 0.06; OR in the upper quintile = 0.49 (0.22-1.07)]. Risk was unrelated to levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3. Chronic hyperinsulinemia, as reflected by increased circulating C-peptide, is associated with increased endometrial cancer risk. Decrease in the prevalence of chronic hyperinsulinemia, through changes in lifestyle or medication, is expected to prevent endometrial cancer.
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| 38. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Risk of ovarian cancer in relation to prediagnostic levels of C-peptide, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins-1 and -2 (USA, Sweden, Italy).
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 14:3, s. 285-292
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of prediagnostic circulating levels of C-peptide, as a marker of pancreatic insulin secretion, and IGF binding proteins -1 and -2, as indicators of the biologically active IGF-I concentration, with risk of developing ovarian cancer. METHODS: The study was nested within three prospective cohorts in New York (USA), Umeå (Sweden) and Milan (Italy). Case subjects were 132 women with primary invasive epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed at least one year after blood donation. For each case, two control subjects were selected, matching the case subject on cohort, menopausal status, age and date of recruitment (n = 263). Only women who did not use exogenous hormones at blood donation were included in the study. RESULTS: Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for risk of developing ovarian cancer over quartiles of peptides concentrations after adjustment for BMI and fasting were: 1.00, 0.66 (0.35-1.23), 0.96 (0.51-1.82) and 0.89 (0.44-1.81) for C-peptide; 1.00, 1.10 (0.58-2.09), 1.07 (0.55-2.04) and 0.79 (0.38-1.62) for IGFBP-1; and 1.00, 1.01 (0.54-1.89), 0.98 (0.51-1.88) and 0.87 (0.45-1.68) for IGFBP-2. In women who had ovarian cancer diagnosis before age 55 the ORs for the top tertiles of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 were 0.51 (0.18-1.49) and 0.53 (0.18-1.54), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support an independent direct etiological role of C-peptide in ovarian cancer pathogenesis, but suggests a possible protective effect of circulating IGFBP-1 and -2 in women who develop ovarian cancer before age 55.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Lundin, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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C-reactive protein and ovarian cancer : a prospective study nested in three cohorts (Sweden, USA, Italy).
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 20:7, s. 1151-1159
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Inflammatory processes may influence the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer, but available epidemiological evidence is limited and indirect. Circulating C-reactive protein (CRP), a sensitive marker of inflammation, may serve as a direct biological marker of an underlying association. METHODS: The association between ovarian cancer risk and pre-diagnostic circulating CRP was tested in a case-control study nested within three prospective cohorts from Sweden, USA, and Italy. The study included 237 cases and 427 individually matched controls. CRP was measured in stored blood samples by high-sensitivity immunoturbidimetric assay. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Overall, CRP was not related to risk of ovarian cancer. However, a marked increase in risk was observed for CRP concentrations >10 mg/l: OR (95% CI) 4.4 (1.8-10.9), which remained significant after limiting analyses to cases diagnosed more than two or five years after blood donation (OR 3.0 (1.2-8.0) and 3.6 (1.0-13.2), respectively). Risk of mucinous tumors increased with high CRP, but the number of cases in this analysis was small. CONCLUSION: Study results offer additional support to the concept that chronic inflammation plays a role in epithelial ovarian cancer.
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| 41. |
- Lundin, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
ADC imperfections in multiple antenna wireless systems - An experimental study
- 2004
-
Ingår i: 9th IMEKO Workshop on ADC Modeling and Testing, IWADC 2004, Held Together with the 13th IMEKO TC4 Symposium on Measurements for Research and Industrial Applications. - : IMEKO-International Measurement Federation Secretariat. - 9781634391856 ; , s. 84-89
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates some of the effects that ADC imperfections may have on wireless communication systems. First, an experimental communication system for wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is described. In this test bed, an ADC behavioural model has been implemented. The resulting performance of the communication system, in terms of bit error rate, is assessed when the parameters of the ADC model are altered. The results show that, for this system, the ADC resolution is the key parameter while the non-linearity errors are of minor importance.
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| 42. |
- Lundin, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
No association between mutations in the human androgen receptor GGN repeat and inter-sex conditions
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Molecular Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2407. ; 9:7, s. 375-379
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The functional role of the GGN repeat in the human androgen receptor gene is unknown, although mutations in this region have been found in patients with inter-sex conditions. We have investigated the prevalence of GGN mutations in the androgen receptor in the Swedish population and their relation to male reproductive function. A physical examination and semen analysis was carried out in 223 men under medical examination before military service and in 94 men referred due to infertility and having sperm concentrations < 5x10(6)/ml. The GGN and CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene were directly sequenced. Both populations contained two predominant alleles of 23 and 24 GGN repeats, 83.8 and 90.5% respectively. Four mutations, three in the conscripts and one among the infertile men, were found, resulting in three GGC to GGT substitutions and one GGT to GGC substitution. None of the men presented with genital abnormalities, but two conscripts had low ejaculate volumes ( 0.3 and 0.9 ml). All men carrying a mutation also had GGN lengths &GE; 24. Three subjects with GGN > 24, with no mutations and with normal seminal volumes, were also found. Our findings indicate that point mutations in the GGN repeat are frequently found in the general male population ( 1.3%; 95% CI: 0.3 - 3.9%), but are usually not associated with profound changes in the male phenotype.
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| 43. |
- Lundin, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Compton scattering from the deuteron and extracted neutron polarizabilities
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 90:19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differential cross sections for Compton scattering from the deuteron were measured at MAX-Lab for incident photon energies of 55 and 66 MeV at nominal laboratory angles of 45degrees, 125degrees, and 135degrees. Tagged photons were scattered from liquid deuterium and detected in three NaI spectrometers. By comparing the data with theoretical calculations in the framework of a one-boson-exchange potential model, the sum and the difference of the isospin-averaged nucleon polarizabilities, alpha(N) + beta(N) = 17.4 +/- 3.7 and alpha(N) - beta(N) = 6.4 +/- 2.4 (in units of 10(-4) fm(3)), have been determined. By combining the latter with the global-averaged value for alpha(p) - beta(p) and using the predictions of the Baldin sum rule for the sum of the nucleon polarizabilities, we have obtained values for the neutron electric and magnetic polarizabilities of alpha(n) = 8.8 +/- 2.4(total) +/- 3.0(model) and beta(n) = 6.5 -/+ 2.4(total) -/+ 3.0(model), respectively.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Lundin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Interactions between Chitosan and SDS at a Low-Charged Silica Substrate Compared to Interactions in the Bulk : The Effect of Ionic Strength
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 24:8, s. 3814-3827
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of ionic strength on association between the cationic polysaccharide chitosan and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS, has been studied in bulk solution and at the solid/liquid interface. Bulk association was probed by turbidity, clectrophoretic mobility, and surface tension measurements. The critical aggregation concentration, cac, and the saturation binding of surfactants were estimated from surface tension data. The number of associated SDS molecules per chitosan segment exceeded one at both salt concentrations. As a result, a net charge reversal of the polymer-surfactant complexes was observed, between 1.0 and 1.5 mM SDS, independent of ionic strength. Phase separation occurs in the SDS concentration region where low charge density complexes form, whereas at high surfactant concentrations (up to several multiples of cmc SDS) soluble aggregates are formed. Ellipsometry and QCM-D were employed to follow adsorption of chitosan onto low-charged silica substrates, and the interactions between SDS and preadsorbed chitosan layers. A thin (0.5 nm) and rigid chitosan layer was formed when adsorbed from a 0.1 mM NaNO3 solution, whereas thicker (2 nm) chitosan layers with higher dissipation/unit mass were formed from solutions at and above 30 mM NaNO3. The fraction of solvent in the chitosan layers was high independent of the layer thickness and rigidity and ionic strength. In 30 mM NaNO3 Solution, addition of SDS induced a collapse at low concentrations, while at higher SDS concentrations the viscoelastic character of the layer was recovered. Maximum adsorbed mass (chitosan + SDS) was reached at 0.8 times the cmc of SDS, after which surfactant-induced polymer desorption occurred. In 0.1 mM NaNO3. the initial collapse was negligible and further addition of surfactant lead to the formation of a nonrigid, viscoelastic polymer layer until desorption began above a surfactant concentration of 0.4 times the cmc of SDS.
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| 47. |
- Lundin, Per, 1971-
(författare)
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Administrativ systemutveckling i teori och praktik, 1960–1980 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 26 november 2007
- 2008
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Administrativ systemutveckling i teori och praktik, 1960–1980” [Administrative Data Processing in Theory and Practice, 1960–1980] was held at Tekniska museet [the National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 26 November 2007 and was led by Eva Lindencrona. A topic for discussion was the problems in data processing that eventually led to the emergence of systems development during the 1960s. The development of more formalized methods during the 1970s were debated in length, and it was noted that virtually every company and public authority developed its own methods. Furthermore, the establishment and impact of the national guidelines for systems development, SIS-RAS, received attention. The panelists belonging to the university sector highlighted the crucial role Börje Langefors played, professor in Information Systems at the Royal Institute of Technology/ Stockholm University, in the early establishment of Computer and Systems Sciences in Sweden. On the other hand, the practioners present stressed that many of the more formal methods developed by academics never reached trade and industy or public authorities. Finally, the seminar touched upon the importance of conferences such as NordSAM and NordDATA at a Nordic level, and IFIP at an international level.
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| 48. |
- Lundin, Per, 1971-
(författare)
-
Att arbeta med 1950-talets matematikmaskiner : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 12 september 2005
- 2006
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar “Att arbeta med 1950-talets matematikmaskiner” [Working with the Computing Machines of the 1950s] was held at Tekniska museet [The National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 12 September 2005, and led by Lars Arosenius. At the seminar the development of the first Swedish electronic computer BESK, at the Swedish Board for Computing Machinery (MMN), and the design of the subsequent BESK copies SMIL, at MMN, and Facit EDB, at AB Åtvidabergs Industrier/Facit AB, were discussed. Different design problems were observed, particularly the problem of developing working memories. The problem of the service reliability of the first computers was brought up. Furthermore the seminar discussed the early use of computers, paying special attention to the role of the largest users, the defense and meteorology areas. Problems such as hardware dependence of programming, memory capacity as a limiting factor and the use of subroutines were brought up. Other subjects touched upon included the peripheral equipment, the importance of the visits to study in the USA, the environment around BESK, the organizational problems at MMN, and the recruiting of the BESK group by AB Åtvidabergs Industrier.
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| 49. |
- Lundin, Per, 1971-
(författare)
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Bilsamhället : Ideologi, expertis och regelskapande i efterkrigstidens Sverige
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the 1950s the number of cars in Sweden increased almost fivefold and the country attained the highest level of car ownership per capita in Europe. The rise and establishment of mass motoring was dramatically illustrated by the violent encounter between the car and the city. Despite the fact that congestion as well as road accidents were well-known, everyday occurrences, they reached previously unimagined heights through the growth of mass motoring. In this doctoral thesis Per Lundin focuses on the emergence of a group of planning experts as the key advocates of the idea of the “car society” as the solution to these problems. By fully adapting society to the car it would be possible to eliminate congestion and road accidents, thus affirming the continuing advance of the car. This ideal, which originated in the United States, became the goal and the dream of these experts.The general question addressed by Lundin is to what extent the actions and the ideologies of the experts interacted with the advent of mass motoring and the extensive urban building during the post-war period. In order to answer this question Lundin analyzes, firstly how the planning experts laid claim to the problems of congestion and road accidents, thereby restating them as exclusive planning problems, secondly how guidelines and standards for a car-conscious planning of cities and communities were developed based on the formulation of this problem and thirdly how, and to what extent, the guidelines and standards concerned were implemented in the town planning process.In the thesis Lundin argues that the dreams about a post-war Swedish society entirely adapted to the car by and large were realized. One important explanation of the fact that the physical adaptation of cities and societies to the car could proceed so quickly, on such a large scale and in similar forms all over the country, is found in the planning rules developed by the experts. The rules were the embodiment of the untroubled and unreflecting dreams nourished by the planning experts of the 1950s and the 1960s. Through the rules these ideological conceptions were reinforced and disseminated in a manner almost unable to stop. As the rules quickly were integrated with the planning instruments of administrative bodies locally, regionally and nationally, they set the tone for the extensive urban renewal of the following decades.
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| 50. |
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