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1.
  • Högfeldt, Anna-Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Program leadership from a Nordic perspective - Managing education development
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of 8th International CDIO Conference, Brisbane, Australia.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Nordic Five Tech (N5T) is a strategic alliance between five technical universities in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The overall aim is to “utilize shared and complementary strengths and create synergy within education, research and innovation”. In this paper we focus on university educational development issues by investigating the program leadership at five Nordic technical universities. Specifically, the paper compares definitions, views and experiences of education leadership in the Nordic Five Tech (N5T) universities. The paper does this by, first, reviewing the definitions of roles and responsibilities for program directors at each university, and second, by presenting results from a survey carried out in March 2012 among program directors at the N5T universities. Based on this data, we analyze how program directors experience their role, their possibilities to lead, and their opportunities of learning to lead. How is time for reflection and development as leaders handled at the different universities? The paper goes on to consider what impact the mandate of the leadership role has on the possibilities for developing educational programs. For instance, how can program directors ensure that learning objectives concerning generic skills and abilities are reached? How can program directors drive implementation of integrative and value-oriented topics such as sustainable development, innovation and entrepreneurship?
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  • Antonsen, Sofie L, et al. (författare)
  • Subspecialist training in surgical gynecologic oncology in the Nordic countries.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 90:8, s. 917-920
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To survey the centers that can provide subspecialty surgical training and education in gynecological oncology in the Nordic countries, we developed an online questionnaire in co-operation with the Nordic Society of Gynecological Oncology. The link to the survey was mailed to 22 Scandinavian gynecological centers in charge of surgical treatment of cancer patients. Twenty (91%) centers participated. Four centers reported to be accredited European subspecialty training centers, a further six were interested in being accredited, and 11 centers were accredited by the respective National Board. Fourteen (74%) centers were interested in being listed for exchange of fellows. Our data show a large Nordic potential and interest in improving the gynecologic oncology standards and can be used to enhance the awareness of gynecologic oncology training in Scandinavia and to facilitate the exchange of fellows between Nordic countries.
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4.
  • Bilén, Anna-Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Hälsorisker i miljön : En sammanställning av hälsorisker i Blekinge, Jönköpings, Kronobergs och Östergötlands län
  • 2014
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Hälsa och hälsorisker är diffusa begrepp. Vad som är ohälsa för en person behöver inte vara ohälsaför någon annan. Många av de hälsorelaterade miljöriskerna som har identifierats i Östergötlands,Jönköpings, Kronobergs och Blekinge län är kopplade till livsstilsval eller är svåra att påverka påregional och lokal nivå. Det är viktigt att övervaka och arbeta med åtgärder kring riskerna, men detbör samordnas nationellt.De miljöfaktorer som människor (18-80 år) utsätts för enligt Miljöhälsorapport 2009 presenteras i tabell 1. [tabell 1 har dock utelämnats här] Daniel Albertsson, miljöansvarig läkare på Landstinget Kronoberg, har sammanställt ohälsotal utifrånMiljöhälsorapport 2009, och gjort en grov skattning av mätbara ohälsofaktorers betydelse försjukdom, dödsfall och förlorade levnadsår: Luftföroreningar (partiklar, ozon, NO-halter mm) beräknas förkorta svenskarnas medellivslängdmed 6-8 månader (Socialstyrelsen 2009), vilket motsvarar cirka 70 000 förlorade levnadsår iSverige varje år. Medellivslängden beräknas minska mer i södra Sverige än i norra, och mer itätorter än på landsbygden. Fysiskt inaktiva levnadsvanor kan förkorta livet med upp mot fem år, vilket nationellt beräknasmedföra runt 35 000 förlorade levnadsår varje år. Värmeböljor skattas medföra 12 000 förlorade levnadsår, framförallt hos äldre människor. Hudcancer medför i Sverige 8 000 förlorade levnadsår. Radonexponering av rökare orsakar 5 000 förlorade levnadsår årligen. Miljöeffekterna av miljögifter och buller är svåra att kvantifiera, men det betyder inte att de kanlämnas obevakade och utan åtgärder. Bullerexponering och luftföroreningar förekommer oftasamtidigt.Samhället kan med riktade insatser minska dessa ohälsofaktorer, hälsoeffekt har i grova tal beräknatsi form av ”förebyggbara förlorade levnadsår”: Av luftföroreningsorsakad ohälsa bedöms runt hälften kunna förebyggas långsiktigt, d.v.s. cirka35 000 levnadsår. Ett fysiskt inaktivt liv går, till skillnad från andra aspekter (miljögifter, UV-strålning, radon,värmeböljor) lättare att förändra för den enskilde. Men samhället kan ändå underlätta dagligfysisk aktivitet, genom motionsslingor och grönområden, cykelvägar, skolgymnastik mm. Minst3 000 -10 000 av dessa levnadsår bedöms kunna förebyggas. För hudcancer, radon och värmeböljor var för sig bör runt 2 000-3 000 levnadsår kunnaförebyggas årligen nationellt. Negativa hälsoeffekter av radon är nära kopplat till rökning.Åtgärder som t.ex. antirökkampanjer genomförs inom folkhälsoarbetet. Enskilda hushåll börmäta radon och vid behov genomföra radonsanering.Det har utkristalliserat sig tre områden med stor påverkan på befolkningens hälsa och där det också finns goda möjligheter att påverka exponeringen; buller, luftföroreningar och radon. Dessa tre områden är viktigast att övervaka och att genomföra åtgärder för på regional och lokal nivå.
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  • Brismark, Anna, 1970, et al. (författare)
  • En judisk elit i det tidiga 1800-talets Göteborg
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Svenska historikermötet Göteborg 5–7 maj 2011 Sessionen ”Kulturmöten och svensk-judisk historia: Ny forskning om judisk 1800-talskultur”..
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • I internationell forskning finns flera exempel som mer specifikt lyfter fram judarnas roll inom handel och hur detta innebar att de fick allt mer omfattande rättigheter. Historikern Benjamin Ravids pekade tidigt på de ekonomiska motiven bakom judarnas legala status. Ravid beskriver de privilegier och den unika position som handelsmän ur den judiska gruppen i Venedig erhöll under 1500-talet. Som enda grupp var de behöriga att bedriva handeln mellan Venedig och Levanten. Enligt Ravid var det ekonomiska krafter och religiösa-ekonomiska övervägande som medförde en ökad tolerans och tillträde för den judiska gruppen. I övrigt var de dock inte jämställda med Venedigs övriga befolkning. Det förekom också en rad protester från stadens egna köpmän som menade att judarna la beslag på den internationella handeln. Dessa invändningar innebar inte några förändringar av judarnas villkor. Herbert Bloom har betonat ekonomiska och merkantilistiska motiv som orsak till att judar fick ett positivt mottagande i olika städer under 1600- och 1700-talen. Enligt Bloom ansågs deras erfarenhet och vida internationella nätverk kunna bidra med nya influenser och välfärd i Amsterdam. Även här reglerades länge judarnas rättigheter och i likhet med Venedig förekom protester från stadens andra köpmän. Ravids och Blooms slutsatser kan knytas till den under senare år framväxande forskningen kring ”Port Jews”. I stort intresserar sig denna forskningsinriktning för den judiska gruppens väg till modernitet och emancipation. En av de centrala utgångspunkterna är att hamnstäder var relativt gynnsamma platser för judar. Icke-judiska ekonomiska intressen överträffade djupgående antisemitiska fördomar. Pragmatiska övervägande hos myndigheter skapade tolerans och förbättringar i judarnas legala status. Denna forskning utgår från tanken att handel och hamnstäder utgör centrum för utbyte av varor, människor, idéer och information. Det kosmopolitiska perspektivet är självklart för internationella handelsmän. Detta gör det ofta möjligt för diasporor att fungera som en bro mellan det specifika och det generella. Hamnjudarna var både klassiskt gränsöverskridande och förmedlare mellan olika kulturer. Vissa judiska nätverk sammanförde judar av olika etniska ursprung, andra opererade mellan olika religiösa och etniska grupper. Ekonomiska intressen hade också betydelse för den judiska gruppens möjlighet att etablera sig i Göteborg och till deras interaktion med andra grupper. I tidigare forskning har historikern Bertil Andersson, som ingående studerat Göteborgs handlande borgerskap, konstaterar att judarnas knappast framstod som allvarliga konkurrenter till stadens övriga köpmän, och att den judefientliga debatt som fanns på riksplanet sällan återspeglades i Handelssocieteten, som var de göteborgska handelsmännens organisation. Det finns dock anledning att undersöka detta vidare och i vår studie kommer vi att behandla förekomsten av samarbete respektive konkurrens mellan judiska och icke-judiska köpmän i Göteborg. Hur agerade övriga köpmän i olika mer eller mindre offentliga sammanhang och institutioner gentemot den judiska gruppen? I vilken utsträckning förekom samarbete mellan och inom olika firmor? I vilken utsträckning hade de olika grupperna förbindelser i form av handel, krediter och kommissionärskap? Kan man karaktärisera Göteborg som en öppen och tolerant handelsstad i förhållande till de immigrerade judarna under tidigt 1800-tal? Resultaten kommer att diskuteras i förhållande till den ovan refererade Port Jews forskningen.
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  • Brismark, Anna, 1970, et al. (författare)
  • Jewish Merchants and the Consumer Market in early 19th Century Sweden
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: ESSHC 2012 Glasgow, Scotland, UK 11 -14 April 2012 – Material and Consumer Culture /MAT06: The Early Modern Consumer (R)evolution(s) in Comparative Perspective.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The 1830s has been singled out as the decade when the Swedish market of consumer goods really started to expand. Changing consumer patterns were a crucial condition for the continued industrial development in the 19th century and a key element in the growth of a modern society. In relation to this, previous research has emphasized the importance of the importing firms in Gothenburg – Sweden’s second town and main port city – since imported goods were sold on to traders focused on the domestic market. At the same time, the production of consumer goods like calicoes, sugar and tobacco increased in Gothenburg. Furthermore, Sweden’s commercial structure developed and the availability of goods rose markedly. In this process, we have in our earlier research emphasized the cooperation between different types of commercial actors such as peddlers, village shops, urban wholesalers and retail traders. When Jews were allowed to settle down in Sweden in the late 18th century, a great deal of them soon established themselves as wholesalers and retailers in textiles. The impact of the Jewish group on the growth of the consumer goods market is consistent with international research, as well as the connection between Jewish commercial actors and the business and industry of textiles. In our paper we would like to discuss the role of the Jewish entrepreneurs in the early 19th century Sweden, and their contribution to the renewal of the consumption market. This is a part of our research project, “A Jewish web of textiles and trade”. The main purpose of the project is to increase our knowledge of how modern and attractive textiles and other consumer goods reached a growing range of Swedish customers. In this context, the integration of the Swedish domestic market with the European and global market is an essential aspect. The numerically small group of Jews in Gothenburg gives an opportunity to study different types of relations, which in turn can be linked to previous research on business and kinship networks in the early modern period. We also want to call attention to aspects of ethnicity, gender and class in the study of the Jewish minority and it’s role on the consumption market.
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9.
  • Brismark, Anna, 1970, et al. (författare)
  • Judiska entreprenörer i det tidiga 1800-talets Göteborg
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Det nordiske historikermøtet, Tromsö 11–14 augusti 2011 Sessionen: Etnisitet, kjønn og entreprenørskap i nordiske byer, ca. 1850-2000.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Internationell forskning har visat att judar i mycket högre utsträckning än icke-judar var involverade i de branscher som var framträdande i den ekonomiska moderniseringsprocessen och i framväxten av ett marknadssamhälle. I samband med detta har deras entreprenörsinriktade verksamhet och betydelse för förnyelse av tillverkning och handel särskilt betonats. Detta gäller framför allt textilindustrin där judar både agerade som handelsaktörer och producenter. Deras framgång har bland annat ansetts bero på deras tillgång till gränsöverskridande relationer. Den judiska tron och gemensamma erfarenheter kunde utgöra en viktig grund för handelsförbindelser. Vidare har man lyft fram hur den diskriminerande lagstiftningen utestängde judarna från många verksamheter. Detta innebar att de skapade sig en smal nisch inom såväl internationell som nationell handel. Samtidigt som detta, åtminstone delvis, kan förklara deras framträdande roll inom produktionen av och handeln med textiler och kolonialvaror bör detta ha påverkat gruppens möjligheter att integreras med städernas övriga borgarklass. År 1815 fanns cirka 800 judar i Sverige. Av dessa bodde 481 i Stockholm, 215 i Göteborg, 54 i Norrköping och 35 i Karlskrona. Enligt judereglementet, som gällde mellan 1782 och 1838, fick judar endast vara bosatta i dessa svenska städer. De hade begränsad handelsfrihet och fick heller inte syssla med hantverk som innefattades av skråstadgan. Trots att de var så få kom den grupp som bosatte sig i Göteborg kring sekelskiftet 1800 att spela en viktig roll för stadens tidiga industrialisering och de sysslade även med handel. Särskilt många fanns inom textil- och manufakturhandeln. Trots detta har deras betydelse för svenskt näringsliv och samhällsutveckling inte uppmärksammats i någon större omfattning. Vid den aktuella sessionen kommer vi att presentera en begränsad del av vårt 3-åriga forskningsprojekt ”En judisk väv av textilier och handelskontakter”. Projektets mål är att öka kunskapen om hur moderna och eftertraktade konsumtionsvaror förmedlades till en bred allmänhet inom Sverige och mer specifikt vilken roll de judiska köpmännen och producenterna i Göteborg spelade i detta sammanhang. Den delstudie som presenteras här fokuserar på den verksamhet den judiska gruppen bedrev och deras relation till övriga köpmän och producenter i Göteborg. Studien berör både lagstiftning och mer informella politiska och sociala relationer, men framför allt näringsidkarnas verksamheter och kommersiella nätverk.
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10.
  • Brismark, Anna, 1970, et al. (författare)
  • Sidensjalar och socker: Judiska näringsidkares betydelse för konsumtionsrevolutionen i Sverige
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Från sidensjalar till flyktingmottagning: Judarna i Sverige – en minoritets historia (red.) Lars M Andersson & Carl Henrik Carlsson. - Uppsala : Historiska institutionen, Uppsala universitet. - 0284-8783. - 9789197963251
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • During the eighteenth century, Sweden and other western European countries were characterized by a growing domestic market. Demand for goods such as coffee, sugar, tea and cotton fabric increased among a significant portion of the population. This demand, termed the ”consumer revolution,” is now seen as an important condition for the continued industrial development in the nineteenth century and a key element in the development of modern society. In addition to increased demand and greater supply, a functional distribution of goods was essential for maintaining this growth in consumption. Parallel to change in consumption patterns, Sweden’s commercial structure began to develop, leading to a marked rise in the availability of goods. Diverse commercial forms such as peddling and village shops as well as urban wholesale and retail traders played a prominent role in this growth. Among these commercial actors, Jewish merchants were a particularly interesting and important group. This article deals specifically with the production and distribution roles of Jewish merchants in early to mid-nineteenth century Gothenburg. Within this article, case studies of Moses Frenkel, the spouses Pineus, and L.E. Magnus & Co. have revealed that products were distributed in a wide geographical area mainly in western Sweden both through retailers in Gothenburg and by peddlers. This study also shows several examples of how this Jewish group cooperated through business and personal contacts. For example, they were members of the same companies and financially supported each other. In addition, they were often related to one another by marriage. The article stresses the importance of the Jewish merchants’ international network of contacts, which often consisted of fellow Jewish merchants. Many questions are yet to be answered, and these case studies would benefit through more systematic analysis of the commercial activity of Jewish merchants in Gothenburg. The small number of Jews within this group creates an opportunity to study the distinct roles of different types of contacts. In addition, this study could also be linked to previous research on trade networks in the early modern period. Further study of trade and commercial relations with foreign merchants and producers would make it possible to discuss the integration of Sweden into a European and even global market of consumer goods.
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  • Ekelund Axelson, Lena, et al. (författare)
  • Branschbeskrivning Trädgård : område hortikultur, utemiljö och fritidsodling
  • 2012
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Det finns ett stort behov av att få kunskap om trädgårdsbranschens omfattning och betydelse.Här innefattas hortikulturell primärproduktion, utemiljöbranschen och fritidsodlingen. Branschen beskrivs bland annat i termer av arealer, antal företag, värdet i primärproduktionsledet, värdet i slutkonsumentledet, antal helårsanställda, antal säsongsanställda, forskningsvolym och utbildningsplatser. Hortikultur, trädgårdsodling karaktäriseras av ett stort antal trädgårdsväxtslag vilka intensivodlas till föda, för medicinskt eller industriellt bruk eller för estetisk användning i trädgård, park eller landskap (www.ne.se) och är också den interdisciplinära vetenskapliga plattform som är en nödvändig förutsättning för en kunskapsbaserad utveckling i trädgårdsbranschen. Den samlade produktionen av varor och tjänster inom trädgårdsbranschen, dvs. hortikulturell primärproduktion och utemiljötjänster, bedöms omfatta ca 30 miljarder kronor, fördelat på ca 7 miljarder i hortikulturell produktion av potatis, frukt, bär, grönsaker, svamp, prydnadsväxter och plantskoleväxter och ca 22 miljarder kronor av utemiljötjänster. Av värdet på hortikulturell primärproduktion, den första delen av trädgårdsbranschen, utgör ätliga produkter ungefär 70 % och prydnadsväxter samt småplantor/sticklingar 30 %. 70 % är fältodlade produkter och 30 % växthusodlade. Denna produktion sker på ca 50 000 hektar och sysselsätter motsvarande runt 8000 årsverken. Produktionen sker i ca 6000 företag. Ungefär 12 % av företagen har växthusproduktion och 90 % av antalet företag är inriktade på ätliga produkter. Trenden är att antalet företag minskar samtidigt som företagen blir allt större. Det finns samtidigt också små företag som i huvudsak odlar för den lokala marknaden. Södra Sverige och då framför allt Skåne, dominerar för flertalet produktionsinriktningar. Försäljningsvärdet i odlarledet av svensk produktion av kruk- och utplanteringsväxter, snittblommor, plantskoleväxter och liknande uppgick år 2010 till 1,6 miljarder kr. Importvärdet av växter var samtidigt ungefär 2,1 miljarder kr. Om man försöker basera konsumtionen på inhemsk produktion och import uppstår problem eftersom statistiken inte är jämförbar. Hushållens inköp av växter uppgick till ungefär 11 miljarder kr 2010. Utöver detta tillkommer en konsumtion utanför hushållen, exempelvis inköp till offentliga planteringar. Hushållens konsumtionsutgifter uppgick 2010 till knappt 19 miljarder kr för grönsaker och 14 miljarder för frukt. Enligt ett annat beräkningssätt uppgick hushållens totala inköp av frukt, grönsaker och potatis till drygt 31 miljarder kr. Av dessa utgjordes 12 miljarder av färska grönsaker och potatis och drygt 10 miljarder av färsk frukt medan resterande 9 miljarder bestod av bearbetade produkter. Utöver detta tillkommer den offentliga konsumtionen i måltider i skolor, dagis, vårdinrättningar och liknande. Den andra delen av trädgårdsbranschen, utemiljöbranschen, är det professionella arbetet med utemiljöer i form av parker, bostadsgårdar, kyrkogårdar, trädgårdar, golfbanor, dagistomter, sjukhusområden etc. Ett utmärkande drag är den starka uppsplittringen på många olika förvaltare och huvudmän. För många av dem är utemiljöverksamheten inte en huvudsyssla utan relativt marginell i förhållande till exempelvis fastighetsförvaltning i stort. Det samlade uppskattade värdet är minst 22 miljarder kronor och sysselsätter ca 33 000 personer i helårsarbeten. Enligt utredningens beräkningar är den totala omslutningen för skötsel av utemiljöer ca 17 miljarder kr, resterande 5 miljarder kr är således det samlade värdet för planering, projektering och anläggningsarbeten. Underlaget för den statistik som redovisas i denna sammanställning är inte fullständig, men bedömningen är att storleksordningarna bör stämma relativt väl. Utemiljötjänster som upplevelsetjänster (turism) och ”verksamhet inom trädgård och hälsa” har potentialen att med hortikulturen som grund omsätta mycket stora värden. Fritidsodlingen är den tredje stora delen av Trädgårdsbranschen. Det finns drygt 2,6 miljoner trädgårdar i Sverige, varav mer än 1,9 miljoner småhus, 675 000 fritidshus och över 50 000 kolonilotter. SCB uppskattar värdet av hushållens inköp av produkter för trädgården till 12,9 miljarder kr (2010). Ett fåtal universitet, institut och organisationer bedriver forskning inom hortikultur. SLU har både utbildningar, undervisning och forskning inom detta område. Tillhörigheten till landsbygdsdepartementet understryker denna profil i en jämförelse med andra lärosäten. SIK och JTI är exempel på institutsorganisationer med forskning inom området. Bedömning och beräkningar visar att hortikulturella forskningsprojekt vid LTJ- fakulteten, SLU i Alnarp i Skåne omsatte ca 22 miljoner kr (2011), såväl statsanslag som externa medel. Det utgör ca 20 % av fakultetens forskningsprojektsmedel och ca 3 % av bokförda forskningsprojektmedel inom SLU. Forskningen inom hortikultur motsvarar knappt 3 promille av branschens totala omsättning i primärproduktionsledet (ca 20 miljoner av 7 miljarder kr. Även forskning inom utemiljö bedrivs i första hand i Alnarp, men äve vis SLU iUltuna. Omfattningen var 2011 ca 32,5 miljoner kr varav hälften externa medel och hälften fakultetsmedel, vilket motsvarar 1,5 promille av utemiljöbranschens omsättning (ca 32 miljoner av 22 miljarder kr). Vid SLU finns ett flertal unika utbildningar inom hortikultur och inom utemiljöbranschen. De utbildningar som har fokus på hortikultur/trädgård är främst hortonom och trädgårdsingenjör. Andra utbildningar vid SLU som också har beröringspunkter med hortikultur är en kandidatutbildning inriktning livsmedel samt agronom utbildningen med inriktningarna landsbygdsutveckling och livsmedel i Ultuna. Landskapsarkitekter utbildas både i Uppsala och i Alnarp, landskapsingenjörer enbart i Alnarp. Om utbildningsvolymen motsvarar behovet har i dagsläget inte kunnat bedömas. Antalet utbildningsplatser på naturbruksskolor YH – utbildningar är däremot för låg. Antalet elever i årskurs 2 som har valt inriktning Trädgård på naturbruksprogrammet är 77 stycken i hela landet (våren 2012), en minskning med mer än hälften jämfört med år 2007. Elva naturbruksgymnasier har elever i årskurs 2 som valt inriktningen Trädgård. Några av skolorna har endast ett fåtal elever med denna inriktning. En konsekvens blir att antalet skolor som kan erbjuda inriktningen Trädgård inom gymnasieprogrammet kommer att minska. Yrkesvux är en nationell tidsbegränsad satsning på yrkesinriktad vuxenutbildning och en viktig rekryteringsbas för trädgårdsnäringen.
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13.
  • Forsby, Anna, 1963-, et al. (författare)
  • Predicting eye stinging potential of baby shampoos by assessing TRPV1 channel activity
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Toxicology Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-4274 .- 1879-3169. ; 211, s. S113-S113
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor is one of the most well characterized pain-inducing receptors. The purpose of this study was to predict human eye stinging of 19 baby bath and shampoo formulations by studying TRPV1 activity. The NociOcular test, a novel recombinant neuronal in vitro model with high expression of functional TRPV1 channels was used to test shampoo formulations containing surfactants, preservatives, and fragrances (sodium laureth sulfate, cocoamidopropylbetaine, cocoglucoside, sodium benzoate, quaternium-15, etc.). The increase in intracellular free Ca2+ was analysed by fluorescence during exposure. TRPV1-specific Ca2+ influx was abolished when the TRPV1 channel antagonist capsazepine was applied to the cells prior to shampoo samples. The positive control, i.e. adult shampoo, was the most active sample tested in the NociOcular test and also induced the worst stinging sensation. The negative control, i.e. marketed baby shampoo, was negative in both tests. Seven of the formulations induced stinging in the human test, and of those six were positive in the NociOcular test. Twelve of the formulations were classified as non-stinging in the human test, and of those 10 were negative in the NociOcular test. None of the established in vitro tests for eye irritation were able to correctly predict the human stinging sensation of the baby products. Our data support that the TRPV1 channel is a principle mediator of eye stinging sensation induced by baby bath and shampoo formulations and that the NociOcular test may be a valuable in vitro tool to predict human eye stinging sensation.
  •  
14.
  • Forsby, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Using Novel In Vitro NociOcular Assay Based on TRPV1 Channel Activation for Prediction of Eye Sting Potential of Baby Shampoos
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Toxicological Sciences. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1096-6080 .- 1096-0929. ; 129:2, s. 325-331
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channel is one of the most well-characterized pain-inducing receptors. The purpose of this study was to predict human eye stinging of 19 baby bath and shampoo formulations by studying TRPV1 activity, as measured by increase in intracellular free Ca2+. The NociOcular test, a novel recombinant neuronal in vitro model with high expression of functional TRPV1 channels, was used to test formulations containing a variety of surfactants, preservatives, and fragrances. TRPV1-specific Ca2+ influx was abolished when the TRPV1 channel antagonist capsazepine was applied to the cells prior to shampoo samples. The positive control, an adult shampoo that contains cocamide monoethanolamine (CMEA), a known stinging ingredient, was the most active sample tested in the NociOcular test. The negative control, a marketed baby shampoo, was negative in the NociOcular and human tests. Seven of the formulations induced stinging in the human test, and of those six were positive in the NociOcular test. Twelve formulations were classified as nonstinging in the human test, and of those ten were negative in the NociOcular test. There was no correlation between the clinical stinging results for the baby formulations and the data generated from other in vitro eye irritation assays (cytosensor microphysiometer, neutral red uptake, EpiOcular, transepithelial permeability). Our data support that the TRPV1 channel is a principal mediator of eye-stinging sensation induced by baby bath and shampoo formulations and that the NociOcular test may be a valuable in vitro tool to predict human eye stinging sensation.
  •  
15.
  • Friedlander, Michael, et al. (författare)
  • Clinical trials in recurrent ovarian cancer.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1048-891X .- 1525-1438. ; 21:4, s. 771-775
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The 4th Ovarian Cancer Consensus Conference of the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup was held in Vancouver, Canada, in June 2010. Representatives of 23 cooperative research groups studying gynecologic cancers gathered to establish international consensus on issues critical to the conduct of large randomized trials. Group C, 1 of the 3 discussion groups, examined recurrent ovarian cancer, and we report the consensus reached regarding 4 questions. These included the following: (1) What is the role of cytoreductive surgery for recurrent ovarian cancer? (2) How do we define distinct patient populations in need of specific therapeutic approaches? (3) Should end points for trials with recurrent disease vary from those of first-line trials? (4) Is CA-125 progression alone sufficient for entry/eligibility into clinical trials?
  •  
16.
  • Gustafsson, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Neurofunctional endpoints assessed in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells for estimation of acute systemic toxicity
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0041-008X .- 1096-0333. ; 245:2, s. 191-202
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The objective of the EU-funded integrated project ACuteTox is to develop a strategy in which general cytotoxicity, together with organ-specific toxicity and biokinetic features, are used for the estimation of human acute systemic toxicity. Our role in the project is to characterise the effect of reference chemicals with regard to neurotoxicity. We studied cell membrane potential (CMP), noradrenalin (NA) uptake, acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, acetylcholine receptor (AChR) signalling and voltage-operated calcium channel (VOCC) function in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells after exposure to 23 pharmaceuticals, pesticides or industrial chemicals. Neurotoxic alert chemicals were identified by comparing the obtained data with cytotoxicity data from the neutral red uptake assay in 3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Furthermore, neurotoxic concentrations were correlated with estimated human lethal blood concentrations (LC50). The CMP assay was the most sensitive assay, identifying eight chemicals as neurotoxic alerts and improving the LC50 correlation for nicotine, lindane, atropine and methadone. The NA uptake assay identified five neurotoxic alert chemicals and improved the LC50 correlation for atropine, diazepam, verapamil and methadone. The AChE, AChR and VOCC assays showed limited potential for detection of acute toxicity. The CMP assay was further evaluated by testing 36 additional reference chemicals. Five neurotoxic alert chemicals were generated and orphendrine and amitriptyline showed improved LC50 correlation. Due to the high sensitivity and the simplicity of the test protocol, the CMP assay constitutes a good candidate assay to be included in an in vitro test strategy for prediction of acute systemic toxicity.
  •  
17.
  •  
18.
  • Hanning, Andreas, 1982, et al. (författare)
  • Are we educating engineers for sustainability? Comparison between obtained competences and Swedish industry's needs
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. - : Emerald. - 1467-6370. ; 13:3, s. 305-320
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose – The aim of this study is to contribute to the quality improvement and long-term strategic development of education for sustainable development (ESD) in engineering education curricula.Design/methodology/approach – The content in 70 courses in environment and SD were characterized and quantified using course document text analysis. Additionally, two questionnaires were sent to students and alumni at Chalmers, and interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with representatives from 16 Swedish companies and five organizations.Findings – It was found that industry demands a broader range of competences in SD amongst engineers in general than what is currently provided. In total, 35 per cent of alumni claim they encounter sustainability issues from sometimes to daily in their work. However, only half of them believe they possess enough competences to make decisions from a sustainability perspective. Quantity, coverage and the level of integration in the educational programme all appear to be important for the students' perceived competences on SD and for the importance that they put on achieving SD.Originality/value – Earlier research has reported on how to further develop the idea and design of ESD and on competence needs in general. Few attempts have been made to assess industry's needs of competences in SD. This paper sheds light on how engineering universities educate for SD and benchmarks this to industry's needs in an exploratory case study, using Chalmers as an example.
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19.
  • Högfeldt, Anna-Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Program Leadership from a Nordic Perspective
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th International CDIO Conference, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane..
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
  •  
20.
  • Leandro-Garcia, Luis J., et al. (författare)
  • Genome-wide association study identifies ephrin type A receptors implicated in paclitaxel induced peripheral sensory neuropathy
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Medical Genetics. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0022-2593 .- 1468-6244. ; 50:9, s. 599-605
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Peripheral neuropathy is the dose limiting toxicity of paclitaxel, a chemotherapeutic drug widely used to treat solid tumours. This toxicity exhibits great inter-individual variability of unknown origin. The present study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with paclitaxel induced neuropathy via a whole genome approach. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in 144 white European patients uniformly treated with paclitaxel/carboplatin and for whom detailed data on neuropathy was available. Per allele single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations were assessed by Cox regression, modelling the cumulative dose of paclitaxel up to the development of grade 2 sensory neuropathy. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults The strongest evidence of association was observed for the ephrin type A receptor 4 (EPHA4) locus (rs17348202, p=1.0x10(-6)), and EPHA6 and EPHA5 were among the top 25 and 50 hits (rs301927, p=3.4x10(-5) and rs1159057, p=6.8x10(-5)), respectively. A meta-analysis of EPHA5-rs7349683, the top marker for paclitaxel induced neuropathy in a previous GWAS (r(2)=0.79 with rs1159057), gave a hazard ratio (HR) estimate of 1.68 (p=1.4x10(-9)). Meta-analysis of the second hit of this GWAS, XKR4-rs4737264, gave a HR of 1.71 (p=3.1x10(-8)). Imputed SNPs at LIMK2 locus were also strongly associated with this toxicity (HR=2.78, p=2.0x10(-7)). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions This study provides independent support of EPHA5-rs7349683 and XKR4-rs4737264 as the first markers of risk of paclitaxel induced neuropathy. In addition, it suggests that other EPHA genes also involved in axonal guidance and repair following neural injury, as well as LIMK2 locus, may play an important role in the development of this toxicity. The identified SNPs could form the basis for individualised paclitaxel chemotherapy.
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21.
  • Lidestam, Björn, et al. (författare)
  • Concepts from research literature and practical assessment of risk awareness : The Swedish driving test from the perspective of cognitive psychology
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART F-TRAFFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 1369-8478. ; 13:6, s. 409-425
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Swedish driving test (SDT) was compared to theoretical concepts found in research literature (CRLs) with respect to the rated importance of the CRLs for the overall assessment of risk awareness and the five specific assessment areas used in the SDT. 116 traffic inspectors responded to questionnaires. Results show that visual search was the CRL given the highest rating, and that the assessment of risk awareness can be conceptualised as assessment of lower-order and higher-order cognitive functions. The assessment areas taxing higher-order cognitive functions were rated as most important for risk awareness, and visual search behaviour can be regarded as the best indicator of higher-order cognitive skills.
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22.
  • Lundqvist, Anna (författare)
  • Bioavailability of pesticides to benthic invertebrates : the role of aquatic biofilms and humic substances
  • 2011
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In agricultural landscapes, pesticides are frequently contaminating nearby aquatic ecosystems. Unlike most other contaminants, pesticides are targeted against specific organism groups, but will also have negative effects on non-target organisms. When pesticides enter aquatic environments they tend to sorb to fine organic matter. Thus, benthic organisms inhabiting sediment and biofilms are constantly exposed to elevated concentrations. Depending on the bioavailability of these contaminants, benthic organisms play a key-role in the uptake and transfer to higher trophic levels. The bioavailability is partly deter-mined by the presence of organic matter, where their quantity and quality reflects the aquatic ecosystem’s trophic status and catchment area features. The broader aim of this thesis was to study the effects of different organic matter in artificial bottom substrate, and aquatic biofilms on pesticide bio-availability to benthic invertebrates with different feeding behaviour. We used organic matter of different sources, and short-term exposures to mimic peak exposures of pesticides in agricultural aquatic ecosystems. The results show that sediments with microbial biofilms strongly increase chlorpyrifos bioavailability to selective feeding larvae. However, chlorpyrifos bioavailability showed a negative correlation to extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and humic substances (HS) quantities in an artificial bottom substrate. Furthermore, uptake of carbofuran, lindane and chlorpyrifos in non-selective feeding snails were affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM) quantity and quality, and related to pesticide hydrophobicity. Also, pesticide fate in microcosm compartments was affected by DOM-quantity and quality depending on pesticide physicochemical characteristics. These results lead on to a study where we wanted to quantify pesticide sorption to molecular size-fractions of different DOM, however, unfortunately without success. This thesis highlights the importance of quantity and quality of organic matter, based on our high resolution of different organic matter, and their impact on pesticide fate and bioavailability to lower trophic levels in aquatic ecosystems. Consequently, pesticide fate and bioavailability, and thus their effects on biota, changes between aquatic environments, and this should be taken into consideration in tests protocols for pesticide regulations.
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23.
  • Lundqvist, Anna-Carin, et al. (författare)
  • Fennoscandian phylogeography of the common shrew Sorex araneus. Postglacial recolonisation-combining information from chromosomal variation with mitochondrial DNA data
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Acta Theriologica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-7051 .- 2190-3743. ; 56:2, s. 103-116
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We examine mtDNA variation of the common shrew in Fennoscandia to explore the incongruence found in previous studies using chromosomal and mitochondrial markers, aiming to reveal post-glacial recolonisation patterns. A total of 241 common shrews from 51 localities in Fennoscandia were analysed. This area includes a secondary contact zone between two groups (the Northern group and the Western group) showing distinct karyotypes. All individuals were sequenced for 447 bp of the mitochondrial control region. No significant differentiation in the mtDNA variation was observed between the two major chromosomal groups in Fennoscandia. The star-like shape of the sequence network for the entire study area shows the most common haplotype A as ancestral in all regions but one, in situ formation of most haplotypes and population expansion. The only significant mtDNA structure observed occurs between south Finland and the rest of Fennoscandia. We propose that the Northern and Western group shared a common refugium during the Last Glacial Maximum but recolonised Fennoscandia via two routes. Karyotypic differences between south and north Finland has led researchers to suggest that both regions originate from the same ancestral population east of Finland. The observed divergence of mtDNA variation between these two regions supports this hypothesis.
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24.
  • Lundqvist, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Computerized training of working memory in a group of patients suffering from acquired brain injury
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Brain Injury. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 26:4-5, s. 423-424
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: Study short- and long-term transfer effects of a computerized working memory (WM) training program for patients suffering from working memory deficits after acquired brain injury. Methods: (Research design: A controlled experimental study with a crossover design.) The study group included a consecutive sample of 21 subjects. Mean age 43.2 years, time since injury/illness onset 37 months (median). The subjects were randomly selected into two groups where one group served as controls. All subjects trained five days a week for five weeks in a computer WM task program. They were followed-up at four and 20 weeks after the training. Results: The study results showed a significant improvement in the trained WM tasks (p < 0.001), significant improvements in neuropsychological WM-test results at four and twenty weeks after training compared to baseline (p< 0.05). Results also showed a significant improvement in the subjects' rated level of occupational performance and satisfaction with performance in individually pre-defined occupational problems (p<0.05 for occupational performance versus p < 0.001 for satisfaction with performance) . Rated health-related quality of life did not change. However, rated overall health had significantly increased twenty weeks after training (p<0.05). Conclusions: Structured and intense computerized WM training improves subjects' cognitive functioning as measured by neuropsychological WM-demanding tests, rated occupational performance, satisfaction with performance and rated overall health. The training probably has an impact on the rehabilitation outcome, returning to work, as well as on daily activities for individuals with verified WM impairments. We propose further research with a larger study group, including subgroups with different diagnoses, to confirm our current findings and select for whom this cognitive rehabilitation programme is most suitable.  
  •  
25.
  • Lundqvist, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Computerized training of working memory in a group of patients suffering from acquired brain injury
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Brain Injury. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 24:10, s. 1173-1183
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: Study short- and long-term transfer effects of a computerized working memory (WM) training programme for patients suffering from working memory deficits after acquired brain injury. RESEARCH DESIGN: A controlled experimental study with a cross-over design. METHODS: A consecutive sample of 21 subjects. Mean age 43.2 years, time since injury/illness onset 37 months (median). The subjects were randomly selected into two groups where one group served as controls. All subjects trained daily for 5 weeks in a computer WM task program. They were followed-up at 4 and 20 weeks after the training. RESULTS: A significant improvement in the trained WM tasks, significant improvements in neuropsychological WM-test results at 4 and 20 weeks after training compared to baseline. Improvement in the subjects rated occupational performance and satisfaction with performance in pre-defined occupational problems. Rated quality-of-life did not change. However, rated overall health increased 20 weeks after training. CONCLUSIONS: Structured and intense computerized WM training improves subjects cognitive functioning as measured by neuropsychological WM-demanding tests, rated occupational performance, satisfaction with performance and rated overall health. The training probably has an impact on the rehabilitation outcome, returning to work, as well as on daily activities for individuals with verified WM impairments.
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26.
  • Lundqvist, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of extracellular polymeric and humic substances on chlorpyrifos bioavailability to Chironomus riparius
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Ecotoxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0963-9292 .- 1573-3017. ; 19:4, s. 614-622
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The role of sediment organic matter quality and quantity for chlorpyrifos bioavailability was studied in experiments with Chironomus riparius larvae and with four types of organic matter; (1) commercially available extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), (2) EPS produced by sediment microbes, (3) commercially available humic substances and, (4) humic substances extracted from a boreal lake. The effects of each type of organic matter were assessed at three concentrations. We used a C-14-tracer approach to quantify uptake of chlorpyrifos in the larvae, and the partitioning of the insecticide within the microcosm. Carbon-normalised larval uptake was reduced both by EPS and humic substances. However, the reduction in uptake was much greater for EPS than for humic substances: uptake was reduced by 94 and 88% for commercial and complex EPS, and by 59 and 57% for commercial and complex humic substances, respectively. We also found differences in chlorpyrifos uptake, and sediment concentrations between treatments with commercially available and complex polymers, suggesting that minor differences in the quality of relatively simple organic molecules can affect contaminant behaviour in ecotoxicological studies. Passive uptake in dead controls was 40% of that in living larvae. Therefore, both passive and digestive uptake were important processes for chlorpyrifos uptake by larvae. Our results show that both EPS and humic substances affect chlorpyrifos bioavailability to sediment biota negatively and contribute to the understanding of the processes that regulate organic contaminant bioavailability in aquatic environments.
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27.
  • Lundqvist, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Improved self-awareness and coping strategies for patients with acquired brain injury-A group therapy programme
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Brain Injury. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 24:6, s. 823-832
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Primary objective: This study evaluates the effects of a group therapy programme for anticipatory self-awareness and coping strategies. Design: The study includes methodological triangulation using three methods to gather data: an overall self-report questionnaire, Self Regulation Skills Interview (SRSI) and focus group interview. Subjects: Twenty-one individuals with acquired brain injury participated in a group therapy programme. Methods: A self-report questionnaire developed and used especially for evaluation of the described intervention was used at the end of the last session of the group therapy programme. The Self Regulation Skills Interview-SRSI, was used within 2 weeks before and after the subjects participated in one group program. Three Focus groups were used as a third method for data collection. The Focus group interviews were accomplished 1 month after each group programme. Results: The individuals increased their self-awareness and strategy behaviour significantly. Participating in the group therapy programme had had an effect on their life and work situation and on their self-confidence. Conclusions: A structured group therapy programme helps patients with acquired brain injury understand the consequences of their neuropsychological deficits, helps them improve awareness of their impairments and helps them develop coping strategies.
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28.
  • Lundqvist, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Interactions with DOM and biofilms affect the fate and bioavailability of insecticides to invertebrate grazers
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Ecotoxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0963-9292 .- 1573-3017. ; 21:8, s. 2398-2408
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We studied the fate and bioavailability of insecticides in short-term experiments (48 h) with different hydrophobicity (3.8 pM carbofuran, 3.0 pM lindane, and 5.3 pM chlorpyrifos) across gradients in dissolved organic matter (low-, medium-, and high-DOM) in freshwater microcosms, mimicking runoff events of pesticides. The effects of biofilms were studied by including treatments with biofilms cultivated under different DOM-concentrations. The presence of biofilms negatively affected chlorpyrifos water concentrations, indicating rapid sorption of this hydrophobic pesticide, while lindane concentrations instead increased and carbofuran concentrations were unaffected. Associations of lindane and chlorpyrifos with biofilms were 1.6-2.0 times higher in low- and high-DOM than in medium-DOM treatments, indicating that sorption was affected not only by the quantity, but also by the quality of DOM. Although the proportion of pesticides recovered in biofilms was consistently less than 1 % of added pesticide, pesticide concentrations in biofilms were on average more than 75- (carbofuran) and 382-times (lindane) higher than those in water. Snail accumulation of all three pesticides was significantly affected by DOMconcentrations and correlated to pesticide hydrophobicity, but the relationships were not straightforward. For example, carbofuran uptake in treatments without biofilms was higher in low-DOM than in medium- and high-DOM treatments, while chlorpyrifos uptake instead increased across the DOM-gradient. Biofilms played a role only for the uptake of chlorpyrifos, which decreased markedly in the presence of biofilms. Bioconcentration factors (BCF) calculated for snails and biofilms differed for the three pesticides and were related to their sorption behaviour (i.e., hydrophobicity). The relative proportion of pesticide uptake through biofilm consumption was consistently less than 2 %, showing that passive uptake was by far the predominant uptake pathway for all three pesticides.
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29.
  • Lundqvist, Anette, et al. (författare)
  • Reported dietary intake in early pregnant compared to non-pregnant women : a cross-sectional study
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 14:373
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: A woman's nutritional status before conception and during pregnancy is important for maternal health and the health of the foetus. The aim of the study was to compare diet intake in early pregnant women with non-pregnant women. Methods: Between September 2006 and March 2009, 226 women in early pregnancy were consecutively recruited at five antenatal clinics in Northern Sweden. Referent women (n = 211) were randomly selected from a current health screening project running in the same region (the Vasterbotten Intervention Program; VIP). We collected diet data with a self-reported validated food frequency questionnaire with 66 food items/food aggregates, and information on portion size, alcohol consumption, and supplement intake. Data were analysed using descriptive, comparative statistics and multivariate partial least square modelling. Results: Intake of folate and vitamin D from foods was generally low for both groups. Intake of folate and vitamin D supplements was generally high in the pregnant group and led to significantly higher total estimated intake of vitamin D and folate in the pregnant group. Iron intake from foods tended to be lower in pregnant women although iron supplement intake evened out the difference with respect to iron intake from foods only. Energy intake was slightly lower in pregnant women but not significant, a reflection of that they reported consuming significantly less of potatoes/rice/pasta, meat/fish, and vegetables (grams/day) than the women in the referent group. Conclusions: In the present study, women in early pregnancy reported less intake of vegetables, potatoes, meat, and alcohol than non-pregnant women. As they also had a low intake (below the Nordic Nutritional Recommendations) of folate, vitamin D, and iron from foods, some of these women and their unborn children are possibly at risk for adverse effects on the pregnancy and birth outcome.
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30.
  • Lundqvist, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Return to work after acquired brain injury: A patient perspective
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Brain Injury. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 26:13-14, s. 1574-1585
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Primary objective: To study significant factors supporting vocational rehabilitation after acquired brain injury from a patient perspective. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods: Two focus group interviews were accomplished with former patients. One focus group interview with professional rehabilitation personnel was performed to review the correspondence between patients and professionals opinion. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanSubjects: Fourteen informants with acquired brain injury (ABI) were interviewed. All were working at the time of the focus group interviews. Three occupational therapists and two psychologists participated in the professional group. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: Two themes were identified as significant for returning to work: Personal and Society factors. Identified meaningful units could be categorized into sub-categories, which were grouped into six main-and 14 sub-categories. The main categories were: Self-continuity, Coping, Social factors, Rehabilitation intervention, Professionalism and Health insurance. Length of treatment time was described as crucial for the rehabilitation process and for utilizing individual resources. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: The effects of various synergies and processes form the basis for a successful return to work, which are dependent on, influence and reinforce each other. Society factors support personal factors to be used for returning to work after acquired brain injury. The impact of individual resources and rehabilitation highlights that vocational rehabilitation is inseparable from the individuals capacity, society and the context in which the individual lives.
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31.
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32.
  • Lundqvist, Daniel, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • Exploring the relationship between managers’ leadership and their health.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 42:3, s. 419-427
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To explore the relationship between managers' leadership and their health, by investigating what psychosocial conditions in the workplace managers experience as being important to their health, and how their health influences their leadership.Participants and methods: Semi-structured interviews with forty-two managers at different managerial levels in a large Swedish industrial production company.Results: Most managers felt their health was good, but many perceived their work as stressful. They said it was important to their health that they did a good job and achieved results as expected, that conditions in the workplace enabled this achievement, and that their performance was acknowledged. In comparison to the other managerial levels, the first-line managers' work and health were especially dependent on such enabling conditions. The results also showed that the managers' health influenced their leadership, the quality of their work and the quality of their relationship with subordinates.Conclusion: Managers' leadership, health and their work conditions are reciprocally related to each other. A productive and healthy workplace is facilitated by focusing on managers' conditions for leadership, their health and their work conditions.
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33.
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34.
  • Lundqvist, Daniel, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • First-line managers’ work conditions as antecedents of transformational leadership
  • 2013
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Transformational leadership is one of the most researched leadership styles of today; nevertheless, surprisingly little attention has been paid to its antecedents. In this study, questionnaire data from 322 first-line managers and 3001 of their subordinates were used to investigate the association between first-line managers’ self-rated work conditions and their displayed transformational leadership, as rated by their subordinates; also, whether superiors’ leadership is associated with first-line managers’ displayed transformational leadership. The results showed that performance feedback, skill discretion, and social capital were positively associated with first-line managers’ transformational leadership, whereas role conflict and span of control were negatively associated with transformational leadership. No  association was found between superiors’ leadership and transformational leadership. These results suggest that changes in leaders’ work situation might facilitate an increased display of transformational leadership behaviours.
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35.
  • Lundqvist, Daniel, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • Managers’ Social Support may both Reinforce and Undermine their Legitimacy
  • 2013
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This study investigates managers’ social support, and whether managers perceive that receiving social support affects their managerial legitimacy. The material consists of 62 interviews with managers in two organizations. The results show that in order to preserve their legitimacy, managers seek support from different people, and in various distinct arenas, based on the types of support these sources provide. Work-related support, which strengthens the managers’ legitimacy, was sought from sources within the workplace. Sensitive and personal support, where there is a risk of jeopardizing their legitimacy, was sought from sources outside the workplace. The results also show that participation in various arenas in order to receive support meant that demands were placed on the managers, and this could increase their stress and strain. Social support has the potential to both reinforce and undermine managers’ perceived legitimacy.
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36.
  • Lundqvist, Daniel (författare)
  • Psychosocial Work Conditions, Health, and Leadership of Managers
  • 2013
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Although psychosocial work conditions, health and leadership are concepts that have been studied for a long time, more knowledge is needed on how they are related in managers. Existing research suggests that managers are very influential in their workplaces, but the way in which their workplaces influence them is often overlooked. As a result, the potential reciprocity between managers’ psychosocial work conditions, health and leadership is not in focus. Furthermore, managers have often been studied as a uniform group and little consideration has been given to potential differences between managers at different managerial levels.The overall aim of this thesis is to increase knowledge about the relationships between managers’ psychosocial work conditions, their health, and their leadership; and to elucidate differences between managers at different managerial levels in these relationships. The thesis consists of four separate papers with specific aims. In Paper I, the aim was to compare the differences in work conditions and burnout at three hierarchical levels: subordinates, first-line managers, and middle managers; and to investigate if the association between work conditions and burnout differs for subordinates, first-line managers, and middle managers. In Paper II, the aim was to advance knowledge of workplace antecedents of transformational leadership, by investigating what psychosocial work conditions of first-line managers are associated with their display of transformational leadership; and whether superiors’ leadership is associated with first-line managers’ display of transformational leadership. In Paper III, the aim was to deepen the understanding of how managers’ health and leadership is related by combining two perspectives in previous research. The two specific research questions were: What psychosocial conditions at work affect managers’ health? How does managers’ health influence their leadership? In Paper IV, the aim was to further the understanding of managers’ perceptions of social support, and to increase our understanding of how managers perceive that receiving social support affects their managerial legitimacy.The empirical material is based on three research projects with quantitative and qualitative designs. Papers I and II are based on cross-sectional data from 4096 employees in nine Swedish organizations. Paper III is based on 42 interviews with managers in a Swedish industrial production company, and Paper IV is based on 62 interviews with managers in a Swedish industrial production company and a Swedish municipality. The interviews were analysed using inductive content analysis.The results showed that psychosocial work conditions and symptoms of burnout generally differed between subordinates and managers, and few differences were found between the managerial levels (Paper I). However, in the associations between psychosocial work conditions and symptoms of burnout, similarities were found between subordinates and first-line managers, while middle managers differed. First-line managers’ psychosocial work conditions were also found to be associated with their display of transformational leadership (Paper II). Psychosocial work conditions were perceived to influence managers’ performance and health, and particularly first-line managers described being dependent on favourable work conditions (Paper III). Furthermore, managers’ health was perceived to influence their leadership, and affect both the quality of their work and the quality of their relationships with subordinates. Managers’ social support came from different people within and outside their workplace (Paper IV). Support that concerned their work came from people within the workplace and was perceived to increase their managerial legitimacy, whereas support that concerned personal and sensitive matters was sought from those outside the workplace so that their managerial legitimacy would not be questioned.The results suggest that managers’ psychosocial work conditions, health and leadership are closely related and can be conceptualized as reciprocal spirals. Some resources in the psychosocial work environment, such as social support, may be hard to take advantage of, even if they are available. The psychosocial work conditions of managers at different managerial levels differ to some extent, which has consequences for how the relationship between psychosocial work conditions, health and leadership is expressed. Especially first-line managers seem to be in a vulnerable position because their influence  s more restricted, and they are more dependent on favourable psychosocial work conditions.
  •  
37.
  • Lundqvist, Eva, et al. (författare)
  • Measurement of transplanted pancreatic volume using computed tomography : reliability by intra- and inter-observer variability
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 53:9, s. 966-972
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundUnlike other solid organ transplants, pancreas allografts can undergo a substantial decrease in baseline volume after transplantation. This phenomenon has not been well characterized, as there are insufficient data on reliable and reproducible volume assessments. We hypothesized that characterization of pancreatic volume by means of computed tomography (CT) could be a useful method for clinical follow-up in pancreas transplant patients.PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility and reliability of pancreatic volume assessment using CT scan in transplanted patients.Material and MethodsCT examinations were performed on 21 consecutive patients undergoing pancreas transplantation. Volume measurements were carried out by two observers tracing the pancreatic contours in all slices. The observers performed the measurements twice for each patient. Differences in volume measurement were used to evaluate intra- and inter-observer variability.ResultsThe intra-observer variability for the pancreatic volume measurements of Observers 1 and 2 was found to be in almost perfect agreement, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.90 (0.77-0.96) and 0.99 (0.98-1.0), respectively. Regarding inter-observer validity, the ICCs for the first and second measurements were 0.90 (range, 0.77-0.96) and 0.95 (range, 0.85-0.98), respectively.ConclusionCT volumetry is a reliable and reproducible method for measurement of transplanted pancreatic volume.
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38.
  • Lundqvist, Jessica, et al. (författare)
  • Optimisation of culture conditions for differentiation of C17.2 neural stem cells to be used for in vitro toxicity tests
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Toxicology in Vitro. - : Elsevier BV. - 0887-2333 .- 1879-3177. ; 27:5, s. 1565-1569
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Here we present a multipotent neuronal progenitor cell line for toxicity testing as an alternative to primary cultures of mixed cell types from brain tissue. The v-myc immortalised C17.2 cell line, originally cloned from mouse cerebellar neural stem cells, were maintained as monolayer in cell culture dishes in DMEM supplemented with fetal calf serum, horse serum and antibiotics. Different media and exposure scenarios were used to induce differentiation. The optimal condition which generated mixed cultures of neurons and astrocytes included serum-free DMEM:F12 medium with N2 supplements, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor. The medium was changed every 3rd or 4th day to fresh N2 medium with supplements. After 7days, the culture contained two different morphological cell types, assumed to be neurons and glia cells. The presence of astrocytes and neurons in the culture was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, indicating increased mRNA and protein levels of the specific biomarkers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and βIII-tubulin, respectively. Concomitantly, the expression of the neural progenitor cell marker nestin was down-regulated.
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39.
  • Lundqvist, Pia, et al. (författare)
  • Development and psychometric properties of the Swedish ALPS-Neo pain and stress assessment scale for newborn infants
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 103:8, s. 833-839
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: To validate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the ALPS-Neo, a new pain assessment scale created for the continuous evaluation of pain and stress in preterm and sick term infants.METHODS: A unidimensional scale for continuous pain, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital Pain Scale (ALPS 1), was developed further to assess continuous pain and stress in infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The pain scale includes observations of five behaviours. A manual was created, clarifying the scoring criteria. An internal and an external panel assessed face validity. Psychometric properties were evaluated in three different steps. Inter-rater reliability was estimated from video-based assessments (n = 625) using weighted kappa statistics (test I). Inter-rater reliability was further evaluated in test II (n = 125) and test III (n = 96) by real-time assessments using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha.RESULTS: The final inter-rater reliability (test III) was assessed as good with ICC 0.91 for the total score and 0.62-0.81 for the five items. Cronbach's alpha showed 0.95 for the total score.CONCLUSION: ALPS-Neo is a new assessment tool for optimising the management of pain and stress in newborn infants in the NICU. It has proved easy to implement and user-friendly, permitting fast, reliable observations with high inter-rater reliability.
  •  
40.
  • Lundqvist, Pia, et al. (författare)
  • Development and psychometric properties of the Swedish ALPS-Neo pain and stress assessment scale for newborn infants
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 103:8, s. 833-839
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aim: To validate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the ALPS-Neo, a new pain assessment scale created for the continuous evaluation of pain and stress in preterm and sick term infants. Methods: A unidimensional scale for continuous pain, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital Pain Scale (ALPS 1), was developed further to assess continuous pain and stress in infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The pain scale includes observations of five behaviours. A manual was created, clarifying the scoring criteria. An internal and an external panel assessed face validity. Psychometric properties were evaluated in three different steps. Inter-rater reliability was estimated from video-based assessments (n = 625) using weighted kappa statistics (test I). Inter-rater reliability was further evaluated in test II (n = 125) and test III (n = 96) by real-time assessments using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha. Results: The final inter-rater reliability (test III) was assessed as good with ICC 0.91 for the total score and 0.62-0.81 for the five items. Cronbach's alpha showed 0.95 for the total score. Conclusion: ALPS-Neo is a new assessment tool for optimising the management of pain and stress in newborn infants in the NICU. It has proved easy to implement and user-friendly, permitting fast, reliable observations with high inter-rater reliability.
  •  
41.
  • Lundqvist, Pia, 1964, et al. (författare)
  • En del av den borgerliga gemenskapen? – Judiska entreprenörer och deras nätverk i det tidiga 1800-talets Göteborg
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Heimen : tidsskrift utg. av Landslaget for bygde- og byhistorie. - 0017-9841. ; bind 49:nr 2, 2012, s. 109-126
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Part of the bourgeoise community? Jewish entrepreneurs and their networks in early 19th century Gothenburg. The argument in favour of permitting Jewish immigration to Sweden in 1782 was that Jews were considered beneficial to economic development. During the 1800s, Jewish entrepreneurs in Gothenburg came to play a prominent economic role. In this article, we discuss the extent to which the Jewish minority became an integrated part of the bourgeoisie, based on empirical studies of its participation in associations and commercial networks. How did the availability of “useful” contacts differ depending on economic position and gender? Even though there was some resistance to Jews, we could conclude that at least some of the Jews relatively quickly became part of the bourgeois community. In the voluntary sector, Jews became involved in organizations connected to trade, education and charity. However, it was not just ethnicity that was an obstacle to inclusion, but also economic position and gender. An elite within the Jewish group had more influence and wider networks than others. This elite consisted mainly of wealthy men, with both an economic and a social capital and with a solid reputation in the Jewish community. They were often relatives or companions. The barriers that ethnicity created for the Jews, were to some extent overcome by access to financial capital.
  •  
42.
  • Lundqvist, Pia, 1964, et al. (författare)
  • Rural Retailing of Textiles in Early Nineteenth-Century Sweden
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Selling Textiles in the Long Eighteenth Century. Comparative Perspectives from Western Europe. Edited by Jon Stobart & Bruno Blondé. - Basingstoke, Hampshire : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137295200 ; , s. 99-117
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
  •  
43.
  •  
44.
  •  
45.
  • Nordin, Steven, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of Health-Risk Perception on Odor Perception and Cognitive Performance
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Chemosensory Perception. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1936-5802 .- 1936-5810. ; 6:4, s. 190-197
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Indications of adverse effects of nontoxic malodorous chemical exposure on work performance and safety and the role of health-risk perception on odor perception motivated the present study of the impact of health-risk perception on odor perception and cognitive performance. Healthy young adults were informed that they were to be exposed to an odorous substance that is either potentially health-enhancing (positive information bias, n = 24) or hazardous (negative information bias, n = 25). The two groups, screened for loss in odor-detection sensitivity, were matched for age, sex, chemical intolerance, and negative affectivity. During each of 14 trials of exposure to 433 mg/m(3) of n-butanol, the participants rated the intensity and valence of odor perception and performed a cognitive task that taxed working memory and attention. The results showed that the negative-bias group rated the odor perception as more unpleasant than did the positive-bias group during the entire session, but significantly more unpleasant only during the first half of the session. The negative-bias group was also found to perform significantly poorer on the cognitive task during both halves of the session. No effect of information bias was found on perceived odor intensity. The results provide experimental support for the hypotheses that belief that exposure to an odorous chemical is hazardous contributes to the odor perception being more unpleasant and to poorer cognitive performance.
  •  
46.
  • Orlova, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Site-specific radiometal labeling and improved biodistribution using ABY-027, a novel HER2-targeting affibody molecule-albumin-binding domain fusion protein
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667 .- 2159-662X. ; 54:6, s. 961-968
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Because of their better penetration, smaller targeting proteins may be superior to antibodies for radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors. Therefore, Affibody molecules (6.5 kDa) have a potential for being suitable as targeted moiety for radiolabeled therapeutic proteins. Previous studies have demonstrated that a fusion of an Affibody molecule with an albumin-binding domain (ABD) provides a strong noncovalent binding to albumin in vivo. This strong noncovalent binding can be used for reduction of the renal uptake of the Affibody molecule while maintaining a size smaller than that of an antibody, which is important when using residualizing radionuclide labels conjugated to Affibody molecules. The goal of this study was to design and evaluate a new targeting Affibody - ABD fusion protein with improved biodistribution properties for radionuclide therapy. Methods: A novel Affibody-based construct, Z HER2:2891-ABD035-DOTA (ABY-027), was created by fusion of the reengineered HER2-binding Affibody molecule ZHER2:2891 to the N terminus of the high-affinity ABD035, and a maleimido-derivative of DOTA was conjugated at the C terminus of the construct. Binding and processing of 177Lu-ABY-027 by HER2-expressing cells were evaluated in vitro. Targeting of HER2-expressing SKOV-3 xenografts was evaluated in BALB/C nu/nu mice and compared with targeting of previously reported ABD-(Z HER2:342)2. Results: The binding affinity (dissociation constant) of ABY-027 to HER2 (74 pM) was the same as for the parental Z HER2:2891 (76 pM). ABY-027 was stably labeled with 177Lu and 111In with preserved specific binding to HER2-expressing cells in vitro. In vivo receptor saturation experiments demonstrated that targeting of SKOV-3 xenografts in BALB/C nu/nu mice was HER2-specific. 177Lu-ABY- 027 demonstrated substantially (2- to 3-fold) lower renal and hepatic uptake than previously assessed HER2-specific Affibody-based albumin-binding agents. Tumor uptake of radiolabeled ABY-027 at 48 h after injection was 2-fold higher than that for previously reported ABD-(ZHER2:342)2. Conclusion: An optimized molecular design of an ABD fusion protein resulted in an Affibody molecule construct with better properties for therapy. Fully preserved in vivo targeting of the fusion protein was shown in xenografted mice. Site-specific coupling of DOTA provides a uniform conjugate and creates the potential for labeling with a broad range of therapeutic radionuclides. The biodistribution of 177Lu-ABY-027 in a murine model suggests it is more suitable for therapy than alternative approaches.
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47.
  •  
48.
  • Rike, Per-Ola, et al. (författare)
  • Behavioural ratings of self-regulatory mechanisms and driving behaviour after an acquired brain injury
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Brain Injury. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 28:13-14, s. 1687-1699
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To explore whether measurements of self-regulatory mechanisms and cognition predict driving behaviour after an acquired brain injury (ABI). Design: Consecutive follow-up study. Participants: At baseline participants included 77 persons with stroke and 32 persons with a traumatic brain injury (TBI), all of whom completed a multidisciplinary driving assessment (MDA). A follow-up cohort of 34 persons that succeeded the MDA was included. Baseline measurements: Neuropsychological tests and measurements of self-regulatory mechanisms (BRIEF-A and UPPS Impulsive Behaviour Scale), driving behaviour (DBQ) and pre-injury driving characteristics (mileage, compensatory driving strategies and accident rates). Follow-up measurements: Post-injury driving characteristics were collected by mailed questionnaires from the participants who succeeded the MDA. Methods: A MDA, which included a medical examination, neuropsychological testing and an on-road driving test, was considered in the decision for or against granting a drivers license. Self-regulatory mechanisms and driving behaviour were examined for research purposes only. Results: At baseline, self-regulatory mechanisms were significantly associated to aberrant driving behaviour, but not with neuropsychological data or with the outcome of the on-road driving test. Aspects of self-regulation were associated to driving behaviour at follow-up. Conclusion: It is recommended that self-regulatory measurements should regularly be considered in the driving assessments after ABI.
  •  
49.
  • Ruokonen, M., et al. (författare)
  • Temporal increase in mtDNA diversity in a declining population
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 19:12, s. 2408-2417
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In small and declining populations levels of genetic variability are expected to be reduced due to effects of inbreeding and random genetic drift. As a result, both individual fitness and populations' adaptability can be compromised, and the probability of extinction increased. Therefore, maintenance of genetic variability is a crucial goal in conservation biology. Here we show that although the level of genetic variability in mtDNA of the endangered Fennoscandian lesser white-fronted goose Anser erythropus population is currently lower than in the neigbouring populations, it has increased sixfold during the past 140 years despite the precipitously declining population. The explanation for increased genetic diversity in Fennoscandia appears to be recent spontaneous increase in male immigration rate equalling 0.56 per generation. This inference is supported by data on nuclear microsatellite markers, the latter of which show that the current and the historical Fennoscandian populations are significantly differentiated (F-ST = 0.046, P = 0) due to changes in allele frequencies. The effect of male-mediated gene flow is potentially dichotomous. On the one hand it may rescue the Fennoscandian lesser white-fronted goose from loss of genetic variability, but on the other hand, it eradicates the original genetic characteristics of this population.
  •  
50.
  • Samuelsson, Kersti, et al. (författare)
  • Vocational rehabilitation after aquired brain injury: a pilot study on benefits and costs.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Open journal of therapy and rehabilitation. - : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2332-1822 .- 2332-1830. ; :2, s. 133-145
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: To examine the benefits from a vocational rehabilitation program for patients suffering from Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) in terms of quality of life, and overall health. In addition, to examine the direct societal costs of healthcare interventions related to vocational rehabilitation and indirect societal costs related to production loss. Method: Identified interventions in 45 patients with ABI who were discharged from a vocational rehabilitation program between 2010 and 2011 were documented, classified and translated into costs. Expenses associated with production loss were calculated by comparing sick leave production loss at first contact with the team, with sick leave production loss at discharge. Health related QoL and overall health, was measured at first contact and at discharge by using the EQ5D. Results: For vocational rehabilitation interventions, mean costs were €6303/individual/month. At first contact with the team, mean production loss was estimated to be €4409/individual/month compared; at discharge to be €2446. QoL-ratings increased from first contact to discharge, although estimated health did not change. At discharge, significant correlations were found between QoL ratings and estimated health and the extent of production loss (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Healthcare interventions that help ABI patients resume work are cost effective for society as well as for patients.
  •  
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