| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Wang, Siqi, et al.
(författare)
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Adjusting Competitive Reaction to Control Nucleation and Growth of MnO2 for a High-Stress Output Electrochemical Actuator
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2637-6113. ; 5:9, s. 4836-4845
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manganese dioxide (MnO2) with biocompatibility has promising applications in low-voltage electrochemical actuators of implantable medical devices, which can convert electrical energy to mechanical motion. However, the unsatisfactory actuation strain restricts the generation of a larger output stress of MnO2 for practical application. Herein, a competitive reaction-driven-MnO2 (CRD-MnO2) nanorod network was fabricated on a nickel (Ni) thin-film substrate by adjusting the component molar ratios. We find that the competitive reaction between 3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene (EDOT) polymerization and oxidation of Mn2+ controls the nucleation and growth behavior of MnO2. The variation in the electron environment, newly generated oxygen vacancies, and a higher content of structural water effectively improve the electroactivity of MnO2 and simultaneously cause more serious Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion of the crystal octahedrons. Thus, an excellent output performance simultaneously having a much higher actuating strain of 8.3% and an actuation stress of 390.1 MPa is generated during a redox reaction between Mn4+ and Mn3+ under 0-1 V. Moreover, the CRD-MnO2/Ni composite actuating films assembled on a 3D-printed resin model of a human hand with separated finger joints can perform smooth grasping and releasing actions, demonstrating a huge potential for in vitro rehabilitation exercises and implantability for people with finger dyskinesia. This work provides a strategy for actuator material fabrication by controlling a nucleation and growth process by adjusting a competitive reaction.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Novel Intrinsic Self-Healing Poly-Silicone-Urea with Super-Low Ice Adhesion Strength
- 2022
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Ingår i: Small. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 18:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accumulation of snow and ice often causes problems and even dangerous situations for both industry and the general population. Passive de-icing technologies, e.g., hydrophobic, liquid-infused bionic surfaces, have attracted more and more attention compared with active de-icing technologies, e.g., electric heating, hot air heating, due to the passive de-icing technology's lower energy consumption and sustainability footprint. Using passive de-icing coatings seems to be one of the most promising solutions. However, the previously reported de-icing coatings suffer from high ice adhesion strength or short service life caused by wear. An intrinsic self-healing material based on poly-silicone-urea is developed in this work to address these problems. The material is prepared by introducing dynamic disulfide bonds into the hard phase of the polymer. Experimental results indicate that this poly-silicone-urea has a self-healing efficiency of close to 99%. More interestingly, it is found that the coating prepared from this poly-silicone-urea has a super low ice adhesion force, only 7 ± 1 kPa, which is almost the lowest value compared with previous intrinsic self-healing de-/anti-icing reports. This material can maintain low ice adhesion strength after healing. This intrinsic self-healing poly-silicone-urea can meet several practical applications, opening the door for future sustainable anti-/de-icing technologies.
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| 7. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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| 8. |
- Tian, Gui-Xian, et al.
(författare)
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Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of Highly Efficient and Durable Ternary PtPdCu Electrocatalysts for the Methanol Oxidation Reaction
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research. - : Wiley. - 2699-9412.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Precious metal Pt-based electrocatalysts have been widely used in the methanol catalytic oxidation anodes in direct methanol fuel cells. However, decreasing their cost and improving their efficiency and durability have still been challenging. Herein, ternary PtPdCu nanocatalysts are synthesized through a facile one-step hydrothermal synthesis method. When KI is present with a suitable amount in the synthesis, PtPdCu nanospheres with surface-embedded CuI clusters (CuI/PtPdCu) are fabricated. However, without KI, the prepared PtPdCu catalysts show a distinct hollow structure (h-PtPtCu). CuI/PtPdCu displays the highest specific activity with enhancement 4 times higher than commercial Pt/C for the methanol oxidation reaction in an alkaline medium. The superior activity can be attributed to two aspects: 1) the electronic effect originating from the highly alloyed PtPdCu; 2) the synergetic effect resulting from surface inlaid CuI clusters, which can promote the CO intermediate removal. Furthermore, because of the stable Pt-Pd-rich surface and its special linked hollow structure, the h-PtPtCu catalyst exhibits good durability with only a 3.6% decay in the specific activity.
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| 9. |
- Yang, Yi, et al.
(författare)
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Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of Highly Efficient and Durable Ternary Ptpdcu Electrocatalysts For Methanol Oxidation Reaction : Iodide Matters
- 2022
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Ingår i: Social Science Research Network SSRN. - : Elsevier BV. - 1556-5068.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Precious metal Pt-based electrocatalysts have been widely used in methanol catalytic oxidation of anodes in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). However, it has been still the challenge to decrease their cost and improve their efficiency and stability. In this study, ternary PtPdCu nanocatalysts were synthesized through a facile one-step hydrothermal synthesis method. When KI was present with a suitable amount in the synthesis, PtPdCu nanospheres with surface embedded CuI clusters (CuI/PtPdCu) were obtained. While without using KI, the prepared PtPdCu catalysts show a distinct hollow structure (h-PtPtCu). CuI/PtPdCu displays the highest specific activity with a 4 times enhancement than commercial Pt/C for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in an alkaline medium. The superior activity can attribute to the two aspects: i) Electronic effect originated from the highly alloyed PtPdCu. ii) synergetic effect due to the surface inlayed CuI clusters which can promote the CO intermediate removal. Furthermore, owing to the stable Pt-Pd-rich surface and its special linked hollow structure, h-PtPtCu catalyst exhibits the best durability with only a 3.6 % decay in specific activity.
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| 10. |
- Zeng, DQ, et al.
(författare)
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Tumor microenvironment evaluation promotes precise checkpoint immunotherapy of advanced gastric cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal for immunotherapy of cancer. - : BMJ. - 2051-1426. ; 9:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Durable efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) occurred in a small number of patients with metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) and the determinant biomarker of response to ICB remains unclear.MethodsWe developed an open-source TMEscore R package, to quantify the tumor microenvironment (TME) to aid in addressing this dilemma. Two advanced gastric cancer cohorts (RNAseq, N=45 and NanoString, N=48) and other advanced cancer (N=534) treated with ICB were leveraged to investigate the predictive value of TMEscore. Simultaneously, multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas of Stomach Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-STAD) and Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) were interrogated for underlying mechanisms.ResultsThe predictive capacity of TMEscore was corroborated in patient with mGC cohorts treated with pembrolizumab in a prospective phase 2 clinical trial (NCT02589496, N=45, area under the curve (AUC)=0.891). Notably, TMEscore, which has a larger AUC than programmed death-ligand 1 combined positive score, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and Epstein-Barr virus, was also validated in the multicenter advanced gastric cancer cohort using NanoString technology (N=48, AUC=0.877). Exploration of the intrinsic mechanisms of TMEscore with TCGA and ACRG multi-omics data identified TME pertinent mechanisms including mutations, metabolism pathways, and epigenetic features.ConclusionsCurrent study highlighted the promising predictive value of TMEscore for patients with mGC. Exploration of TME in multi-omics gastric cancer data may provide the impetus for precision immunotherapy.
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| 11. |
- Zhang, J. J., et al.
(författare)
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Epigenetic restoration of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.2 alleviates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0022-3042 .- 1471-4159. ; 156:3, s. 367-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) are important regulators of neuronal excitability for its role of regulating resting membrane potential and repolarization. Recent studies show that Kv channels participate in neuropathic pain, but the detailed underlying mechanisms are far from being clear. In this study, we used siRNA, miR-137 agomir, and antagomir to regulate the expression of Kv1.2 in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of naive and chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats. Kv currents and neuron excitability in DRG neurons were examined by patch-clamp whole-cell recording to verify the change in Kv1.2 function. The results showed that Kv1.2 was down-regulated in DRG and spinal dorsal horn (SDH) by CCI. Knockdown of Kv1.2 by intrathecally injectingKcna2siRNA induced significant mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in naive rats. Concomitant with the down-regulation of Kv1.2 was an increase in the expression of the miR-137. The targeting and regulating of miR-137 onKcna2was verified by dual-luciferase reporter system and intrathecal injecting miR-137 agomir. Furthermore, rescuing the expression of Kv1.2 in CCI rats, achieved through inhibiting miR-137, restored the abnormal Kv currents and excitability in DRG neurons, and alleviated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. These results indicate that the miR-137-mediated Kv1.2 impairment is a crucial etiopathogenesis for the nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain and can be a novel potential therapeutic target for neuropathic pain management.
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