| 1. |
- Choularton, T. W., et al.
(författare)
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The Great Dun Fell Cloud Experiment 1993 : An overview
- 1997
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - 1352-2310. ; 31:16, s. 2393-2405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1993 Ground-based Cloud Experiment on Great Dun Fell used a wide range of measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles and cloud droplets at five sites to study their sources and sinks especially those in cloud. These measurements have been interpreted using a variety of models. The conclusions add to our knowledge of air pollution, acidification of the atmosphere and the ground, eutrophication and climate change. The experiment is designed to use the hill cap cloud as a flow-through reactor, and was conducted in varying levels of pollution typical of much of the rural temperate continental northern hemisphere in spring-time.
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| 3. |
- Fredlund, K.M, et al.
(författare)
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NADH-ferricyanide reductases in plant membranes
- 1996
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Ingår i: Plant Membrane Biology- Proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe -38. ; , s. 143-151
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Agius, Stephanie C, et al.
(författare)
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The internal rotenone-insensitive NADPH dehydrogenase contributes to malate oxidation by potato tuber and pea leaf mitochondria
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317. ; 104:3, s. 329-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inside-out submitochondrial particles from both potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bintje) tubers and pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Oregon) leaves possess three distinct dehydrogenase activities: Complex I catalyzes the rotenone-sensitive oxidation of deamino-NADH, NDin(NADPH) catalyzes the rotenone-insensitive and Ca2+-dependent oxidation of NADPH and NDin(NADH) catalyzes the rotenone-insensitive and Ca2+-independent oxidation of NADH. Diphenylene iodonium (DPI) inhibits complex I, NDin(NADPH) and NDin (NADH) activity with a Ki of 3.7, 0.17 and 63 µM, respectively, and the 400-fold difference in Ki between the two NDin made possible the use of DPI inhibition to estimate NDin (NADPH) contribution to malate oxidation by intact mitochondria. The oxidation of malate in the presence of rotenone by intact mitochondria from both species was inhibited by 5 µM DPI. The maximum decrease in rate was 10–20 nmol O2 mg-1 min-1. The reduction level of NAD(P) was manipulated by measuring malate oxidation in state 3 at pH 7.2 and 6.8 and in the presence and absence of an oxaloacetate-removing system. The inhibition by DPI was largest under conditions of high NAD(P) reduction. Control experiments showed that 125 µM DPI had no effect on the activities of malate dehydrogenase (with NADH or NADPH) or malic enzyme (with NAD+ or NADP+) in a matrix extract from either species. Malate dehydrogenase was unable to use NADP+ in the forward reaction. DPI at 125 µM did not have any effect on succinate oxidation by intact mitochondria of either species. We conclude that the inhibition caused by DPI in the presence of rotenone in plant mitochondria oxidizing malate is due to inhibition of NDin(NADPH) oxidizing NADPH. Thus, NADP turnover contributes to malate oxidation by plant mitochondria.
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| 7. |
- Anderson, H, et al.
(författare)
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Blood transfusion at delivery and risk of subsequent malignant lymphoma in the mother
- 1998
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Ingår i: Vox Sanguinis. - 0042-9007. ; 75:2, s. 145-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Blood transfusion has been shown to be a risk factor for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a cohort of 77,928 women with bleeding complications at delivery in the period of 1973-1986, subsequent NHL cases were identified and the number was compared with the number expected from national incidence rates. In a case-control study the proportion of transfused NHL cases was compared with the proportion of transfused controls.RESULTS: The observed number of NHL in the cohort was 18 versus 22.0 expected. Information on transfusion was obtained for 15 of the NHL cases and none (0%) was transfused versus 32 out of 136 controls (23%).CONCLUSIONS: Blood transfusion at delivery is not a risk factor for NHL. The immune tolerance induced by pregnancy may reduce the risk of NHL associated with the transfusion of allogeneic blood cells.
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| 9. |
- Ingolfsson, O., et al.
(författare)
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Antarctic glacial history since the Last Glacial Maximum: an overview of the record on land
- 1998
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Ingår i: Antarctic Science. - 1365-2079. ; 10:3, s. 326-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This overview examines available circum-Antarctic glacial history archives on land, related to developments after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). It considers the glacial-stratigraphic and morphologic records and also biostratigraphical information from moss banks, lake sediments and penguin rookeries, with some reference to relevant glacial marine records. It is concluded that Holocene environmental development in Antarctica differed from that in the Northern Hemisphere. The initial deglaciation of the shelf areas surrounding Antarctica took place before 10 000 14C yrs before present (BP), and was controlled by rising global sea level. This was followed by the deglaciation of some presently ice-free inner shelf and land areas between 10 000 and 8000 yr BP. Continued deglaciation occurred gradually between 8000 yr BP and 5000 yr BP. Mid-Holocene glacial readvances are recorded from various sites around Antarctica. There are strong indications of a circum-Antarctic climate warmer than today 4700-2000 yr BP. The best dated records from the Antarctic Peninsula and coastal Victoria Land suggest climatic optimums there from 4000-3000 yr BP and 3600-2600 yr BP, respectively. Thereafter Neoglacial readvances are recorded. Relatively limited glacial expansions in Antarctica during the past few hundred years correlate with the Little Ice Age in the Northern Hemisphere.
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| 13. |
- Möller, J, et al.
(författare)
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Do episodes of anger trigger myocardial infarction? A case-crossover analysis in the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program (SHEEP).
- 1999
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Ingår i: Psychosomatic Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0033-3174 .- 1534-7796. ; 61:6, s. 842-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Our objectives were to study anger as a trigger of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and to explore potential effect modification by usual behavioral patterns related to hostility. METHODS: This study was a case-crossover study within the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program. Exposure in the period immediately preceding MI was compared with exposure during a control period for each case. From April 1993 to December 1994, 699 patients admitted to coronary care units in Stockholm County were interviewed. RESULTS: During a period of 1 hour after an episode of anger, with an intensity of at least "very angry," the relative risk of MI was 9.0 (95% CI, 4.4-18.2). In patients with premonitory symptoms, the time of disease initiation may be misclassified. When restricting the analyses to those without such symptoms, the trigger risk was 15.7 (95% CI, 7.6-32.4). The possibility of examining effect modification was limited by a lack of statistical power (eight exposed cases). Results of the analyses suggested, however, an increased trigger effect among subjects reporting nonhostile usual behavior patterns, nonovert strategies of coping with aggressive situations (not protesting when being treated unfairly), and nonuse of beta-blockers. CONCLUSIONS: The hypothesis that anger may trigger MI is further supported, with an increased risk lasting for approximately 1 hour after an outburst of anger. It is suggested that the trigger risk may be modified by personal behavior patterns.
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| 14. |
- Niklasson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Are deficits in the equilibrium system relevant to the clinical investigation of solvent-induced neurotoxicity?
- 1997
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 23:3, s. 206-213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis of solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy is commonly based on case histories of exposure to solvents, symptoms, and deficits on psychometric tests. It has previously been demonstrated that long-term solvent-exposed workers have disturbances of the equilibrium system. The correlation between these disturbances and the diagnosis of chronic toxic encephalopathy has been analyzed in the present study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty men, consecutively admitted due to the suspicion of this syndrome, were investigated and classified into 3 groups--solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy, incipient chronic toxic encephalopathy and nonchronic toxic encephalopathy. They were all examined using an otoneurological test battery, including analysis of saccades, smooth pursuit, visual suppression of the vestibular ocular reflex, and dynamic posturography. RESULTS: Compared with healthy referents several of the subjects, even in the nonchronic toxic encephalopathy group, showed a reduced visual suppression ability, a prolonged latency of saccades, and pathological posturographic results. Some otoneurological tests correlated with the duration of exposure and the results of psychometric tests representing memory and perceptual skills. Nevertheless, there was no significant group correlation between the otoneurological findings and the diagnosis of chronic toxic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION: Disturbances revealed by an otoneurological investigation have so far not been considered in the diagnosis of chronic toxic encephalopathy. Our results indicate that an otoneurological test battery adds worthwhile information about lesions within the brainstem-cerebellar complex not revealed by a psychometric investigation.
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| 15. |
- Svendsen, John Inge, et al.
(författare)
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Maximum extent of the Eurasian ice sheets in the Barents and Kara Sea region during the Weichselian
- 1999
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Ingår i: Boreas. - : Wiley. - 1502-3885 .- 0300-9483. ; 28:1, s. 92-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on field investigations in northern Russia and interpretation of offshore seismic data, we have made a preliminary reconstruction of the maximum ice-sheet extent in the Barents and Kara Sea region during the Early/Middle Weichselian and the Late Weichselian. Our investigations indicate that the Barents and Kara ice sheets attained their maximum Weichselian positions in northern Russia prior to 50 000 yr BP, whereas the northeastern flank of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet advanced to a maximum position shortly after 17000 calendar years ago. During the Late Weichselian (25 000–10000 yr BP), much of the Russian Arctic remained ice-free. According to our reconstruction, the extent of the ice sheets in the Barents and Kara Sea region during the Late Weichselian glacial maximum was less than half that of the maximum model which, up to now, has been widely used as a boundary condition for testing and refining General Circulation Models (GCMs). Preliminary numerical-modelling experiments predict Late Weichselian ice sheets which are larger than the ice extent implied for the Kara Sea region from dated geological evidence, suggesting very low precipitation.
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