| 1. |
- Beral, V, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol, tobacco and breast cancer - collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 53 epidemiological studies, including 58515 women with breast cancer and 95067 women without the disease
- 2002
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 87, s. 1234-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alcohol and tobacco consumption are closely correlated and published results on their association with breast cancer have not always allowed adequately for confounding between these exposures. Over 80% of the relevant information worldwide on alcohol and tobacco consumption and breast cancer were collated, checked and analysed centrally. Analyses included 58515 women with invasive breast cancer and 95067 controls from 53 studies. Relative risks of breast cancer were estimated, after stratifying by study, age, parity and, where appropriate, women's age when their first child was born and consumption of alcohol and tobacco. The average consumption of alcohol reported by controls from developed countries was 6.0 g per day, i.e. about half a unit/drink of alcohol per day, and was greater in ever-smokers than never-smokers, (8.4 g per day and 5.0 g per day, respectively). Compared with women who reported drinking no alcohol, the relative risk of breast cancer was 1.32 (1.19 - 1.45, P < 0.00001) for an intake of 35 - 44 g per day alcohol, and 1.46 (1.33 - 1.61, P < 0.00001) for greater than or equal to 45 g per day alcohol. The relative risk of breast cancer increased by 7.1% (95% CI 5.5-8.7%; P<0.00001) for each additional 10 g per day intake of alcohol, i.e. for each extra unit or drink of alcohol consumed on a daily basis. This increase was the same in ever-smokers and never-smokers (7.1 % per 10 g per day, P < 0.00001, in each group). By contrast, the relationship between smoking and breast cancer was substantially confounded by the effect of alcohol. When analyses were restricted to 22 255 women with breast cancer and 40 832 controls who reported drinking no alcohol, smoking was not associated with breast cancer (compared to never-smokers, relative risk for ever-smokers= 1.03, 95% CI 0.98 - 1.07, and for current smokers=0.99, 0.92 - 1.05). The results for alcohol and for tobacco did not vary substantially across studies, study designs, or according to 15 personal characteristics of the women; nor were the findings materially confounded by any of these factors. If the observed relationship for alcohol is causal, these results suggest that about 4% of the breast cancers in developed countries are attributable to alcohol. In developing countries, where alcohol consumption among controls averaged only 0.4 g per day, alcohol would have a negligible effect on the incidence of breast cancer. In conclusion, smoking has little or no independent effect on the risk of developing breast cancer; the effect of alcohol on breast cancer needs to be interpreted in the context of its beneficial effects, in moderation, on cardiovascular disease and its harmful effects on cirrhosis and cancers of the mouth, larynx, oesophagus and liver. (C) 2002 Cancer Research UK.
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| 2. |
- Bashkanov, M., et al.
(författare)
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Two-pion production in proton-proton collisions
- 2004
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Ingår i: Hadron Spectroscopy, Tenth International Conference on Hadron Spectrscopy, Aschaffenburg, Germany 31 August - 6 September 2003. - 0735401977 ; , s. 241-244
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Tranberg, K G, et al.
(författare)
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Interstitial laser thermotherapy of a rat liver adenocarcinoma
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology. - 0895-3996. ; 10:3, s. 177-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare interstitial laser thermotherapy with excision of a liver tumour. A dimethylhydrazine-induced adenocarcinoma was implanted into the left lateral lobe of the rat liver, and treatment was performed 8 days later. Rats were treated with resection of the tumour-bearing lobe or underwent interstitial laser thermotherapy, which was performed at a steady-state temperature of 46°C for 30 min, 3 mm from the tumour margin. The incidence and extent of intraperitoneal spread was smaller after laser thermotherapy than after resection, with no difference in local control. Using inoculation of tumour cell suspensions into the lateral and the median lobes of the liver simultaneously and treating the lateral lobe tumour only, we found that laser thermotherapy reduced take and growth of the untreated tumour in the median lobe indicating that laser thermotherapy may induce immunologic effects. It is concluded that interstitial laser thermotherapy reduces spread of liver tumour as compared to resection. It is suggested that this can be at least partly explained by a laser-induced immunologic effect.
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| 4. |
- Vallon-Christersson, J, et al.
(författare)
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Functional analysis of BRCA1 C-terminal missense mutations identified in breast and ovarian cancer families
- 2001
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 10:4, s. 60-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Germline mutations in the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 are responsible for the majority of cases involving hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Whereas all truncating mutations are considered as functionally deleterious, most of the missense variants identified to date cannot be readily distinguished as either disease-associated mutations or benign polymorphisms. The C-terminal domain of BRCA1 displays an intrinsic transactivation activity, and mutations linked to disease predisposition have been shown to confer loss of such activity in yeast and mammalian cells. In an attempt to clarify the functional importance of the BRCA1 C-terminus as a transcription activator in cancer predisposition, we have characterized the effect of C-terminal germline variants identified in Scandinavian breast and ovarian cancer families. Missense variants A1669S, C1697R, R1699W, R1699Q, A1708E, S1715R and G1738E and a truncating mutation, W1837X, were characterized using yeast- and mammalian-based transcription assays. In addition, four additional missense variants (V1665M, D1692N, S1715N and D1733G) and one in-frame deletion (V1688del) were included in the study. Our findings demonstrate that transactivation activity may reflect a tumor-suppressing function of BRCA1 and further support the role of BRCA1 missense mutations in disease predisposition. We also report a discrepancy between results from yeast- and mammalian-based assays, indicating that it may not be possible to unambiguously characterize variants with the yeast assay alone. We show that transcription-based assays can aid in the characterization of deleterious mutations in the C-terminal part of BRCA1 and may form the basis of a functional assay.
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| 5. |
- Ahlgren, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Contact allergy to gold is correlated to dental gold
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - 1651-2057 .- 0001-5555. ; 82:1, s. 41-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Questionnaire studies have indicated that patients with dental gold will more frequently have contact allergy to gold. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between contact allergy to gold and the presence and amount of dental gold alloys. A total of 102 patients were referred for patch testing because of suspicion of contact allergy. Patch tests were performed with gold sodium thiosulphate 2% and 5%. The patients underwent an oral clinical and radiological examination. Contact allergy to gold was recorded in 30.4% of the patients, and of these 74.2% had dental gold (p=0.009). A significant correlation was found between the amount of gold surfaces and contact allergy to gold (p=0.008), but there was no statistical relationship to oral lesions. It is concluded that there is a positive relationship between contact allergy to gold and presence and amount of dental gold alloys.
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| 6. |
- Amnell, T, et al.
(författare)
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Now, Next, and Future
- 2001
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Ingår i: Modelling and Verification of Parallel Processes (MOVEP'2k), Nantes, France June 19 to 23, 2000. LNCS Tutorial 2067.. ; , s. 100-125
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Astuto, L. M., et al.
(författare)
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CDH23 mutation and phenotype heterogeneity : a profile of 107 diverse families with Usher syndrome and nonsyndromic deafness
- 2002
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 71:2, s. 262-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Usher syndrome type I is characterized by congenital hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and variable vestibular areflexia. Usher syndrome type ID, one of seven Usher syndrome type I genetic localizations, have been mapped to a chromosomal interval that overlaps with a nonsyndromic-deafness localization, DFNB12. Mutations in CDH23, a gene that encodes a putative cell-adhesion protein with multiple cadherin-like domains, are responsible for both Usher syndrome and DFNB12 nonsyndromic deafness. Specific CDH23 mutational defects have been identified that differentiate these two phenotypes. Only missense mutations of CDH23 have been observed in families with nonsyndromic deafness, whereas nonsense, frameshift, splice-site, and missense mutations have been identified in families with Usher syndrome. In the present study, a panel of 69 probands with Usher syndrome and 38 probands with recessive nonsyndromic deafness were screened for the presence of mutations in the entire coding region of CDH23, by heteroduplex, single-strand conformation polymorphism, and direct sequence analyses. A total of 36 different CDH23 mutations were detected in 45 families; 33 of these mutations were novel, including 18 missense, 3 nonsense, 5 splicing defects, 5 microdeletions, and 2 insertions. A total of seven mutations were common to more than one family. Numerous exonic and intronic polymorphisms also were detected. Results of ophthalmologic examinations of the patients with nonsyndromic deafness have found asymptomatic RP-like manifestations, indicating that missense mutations may have a subtle effect in the retina. Furthermore, patients with mutations in CDH23 display a wide range of hearing loss and RP phenotypes, differing in severity, age at onset, type, and the presence or absence of vestibular areflexia.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Brunold, S, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerated indoor testing
- 2004. - 1
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Ingår i: Performance and durability assessment. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0080444016 - 9780080444017 ; , s. 175-196
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Carlsson, U, et al.
(författare)
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Plantar flexor muscle function in open and closed chain.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Clinical physiology (Oxford, England). - 0144-5979. ; 21:1, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, the torque or work produced during isometric, pure concentric and eccentric-concentric plantar flexions, performed in sitting, standing and prone were measured. The electromyographic (EMG) activity was measured from the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis, tibialis anterior and rectus femoris muscles. The isometric tests showed the highest torques in the standing test. The rectus femoris and gastrocnemius activities were lower in the prone than in the standing test. The sitting test showed lower activities in all muscles of the lower leg compared with the standing test. No differences in work between the prone and sitting tests were found during the concentric phases. Higher rectus femoris activity in the eccentric-concentric test and lower activity in the triceps surae during the concentric phases were seen in the sitting compared with the prone test. We conclude that tests of overall functional ability should be performed in the standing position while specific tests of the plantar flexors should be performed in the prone position.
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| 19. |
- Edvardsson, N, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of low-dose warfarin and aspirin versus no treatment on stroke in a medium-risk patient population with atrial fibrillation.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 254:1, s. 95-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. To assess the optimal stroke prevention treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and a low-medium risk (<=4%) of stroke. Design. A total of 668 patients with persistent or permanent AF, without an indication for full dose and with adequate rate control on sotalol, were randomized to warfarin 1.25 mg + aspirin 75 mg daily (W/A, 334 patients) or no anticoagulation (C, 334 patients). The mean follow-up period was 33 months. The protocol intended to verify a 37% relative risk reduction provided a 4% stroke incidence in the C group. Results. The stroke incidence was less in the W/A group, although the reduction was not statistically significant (W/A 9.6% versus C 12.3%). Four haemorrhagic strokes were identified, two in each group. Secondary end-points were transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) (W/A 3.3% versus C 4.5%), all cause mortality (W/A 9.3% versus C 10.8%), cardiovascular morbidity (W/A 17.7% versus C 22.2%) and the combination of stroke + TIA (W/A 11.7% versus C 16.5%). Bleedings were documented in 19 versus four patients (W/A 5.7% versus C 1.2%) (P = 0.003), although none fatal. Sinus rhythm (SR) was recorded occasionally in 68 patients (W/A 9.6% versus C 10.8%). The stroke incidence tended to be higher in those with SR than without, 16.2% versus 10.4%. Conclusions. Our results were inconclusive, but consistent with a small beneficial effect of W/A for reduction of stroke and major vascular events in AF patients at moderate risk. The low-dose regiment produced, however, a significantly increased risk of bleedings. Documented SR occasionally recorded may represent a subpopulation that warrants full dose warfarin.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Häggström, S, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of finasteride on vascular endothelial growth factor.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 36:3, s. 182-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Finasteride has been shown to reduce prostate bleeding in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The mechanisms behind this are not known, but it has been suggested that finasteride reduces bleeding by inhibiting angiogenesis in the prostate. Studies in animals have shown that castration rapidly induces involution of the prostate vasculature, and androgen-stimulated prostate growth may be angiogenesis dependent. The objective of this study was to explore the response to finasteride on the vasculature and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent regulatory factor of angiogenesis in human prostate tissue.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with BPH were randomly assigned to 3 months of treatment either with finasteride (5 mg/day) or placebo before undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Prostate tissue VEGF expression was quantified by Western blot and the vascular density determined in Factor VIII immunostained tissue sections. Serum concentrations of VEGF were measured with ELISA technique.RESULTS: Patients treated with finasteride (n = 15) showed a decrease in prostate tissue VEGF(165) expression compared with placebo (n = 13) treated patients (p < 0.05), but the vascular density and the serum VEGF levels were unaffected.CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that finasteride treatment decreases VEGF expression in the human prostate.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Jorgensen, G, et al.
(författare)
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Case study on polymeric glazings
- 2004. - 1
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Ingår i: Performance and durability assessment. - : Elsevier. - 0080444016 - 9780080444017 ; , s. 349-388
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Kristensen, Brian K., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of oxidised proteins in the matrix of rice leaf mitochondria by immunoprecipitation and two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- 2004
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Ingår i: Phytochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0031-9422 .- 1873-3700. ; 65:12, s. 1839-1851
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Highly purified mitochondria were isolated from green 7-day-old rice leaves. The mitochondria were sonicated and the matrix fraction isolated as the 100,000g supernatant. Part of the matrix fraction was left untreated while the other part was subjected to a mild oxidative treatment (0.5 mM H2O2 + 0.2 mM CuSO4 for 10 min at room temperature). The oxidised proteins in both samples were tagged with dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNP), which forms a covalent bond with carbonyl groups. The DNP-tagged proteins were immunoprecipitated using anti-DNP antibodies and digested with trypsin. The mixture of peptides was analysed by nano-HPLC coupled online to an ESI-Quad-TOF mass spectrometer. The peptides were separated by stepwise ion exchange chromatography followed by reverse phase chromatography (2D-LC), and analysed by MS/MS. Proteins were identified by un-interpreted fragment ion database searches. Using this approach we identified 20 oxidised proteins in the control sample and a further 32 in the oxidised sample. Western blots of 2D-gels of the same samples prior to immunoprecipitation verified that the oxidation treatment increases protein oxidation also for specific proteins. Likewise Western blots showed that neither the isolation of mitochondria nor their subfractionation introduced carbonyl groups. We therefore conclude that a number of proteins are oxidised in the matrix of rice leaf mitochondria in vivo and further identify a group of proteins that are particularly susceptible to mild oxidation in vitro.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Laflamme, L, et al.
(författare)
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Bullying in the school environment : an injury risk factor?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Supplementum. - : Wiley. - 0065-1591 .- 1600-5473 .- 0001-690X. ; :412, s. 20-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe a research project assessing the role of bullying at school as an injury trigger and the modification effect of the socio-economic environment of the victims. Preliminary results are also presented. METHOD: A case-crossover and a case-referent design were combined. The study base consisted of all children aged 10-15 years residing in the Stockholm county in 2000-02. Cases were recruited at the county's children hospital and interviewed shortly after the injury, using a specially designed questionnaire. RESULTS: Preliminary analyses (261 interviews) reveal that about two injured children out of 10 reported having been bullied during the school term. Also, one out of 10 had been bullied shortly enough before the injury for bullying to be considered as a trigger. The circumstances of occurrence of those injuries varied. CONCLUSION: Bullying, apart from being frequent in the school environment, is quite likely to act as an injury trigger.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Laflamme, L, et al.
(författare)
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Is perceived failure in school performance a trigger of physical injury? A case-crossover study of children in Stockholm County.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 58:5, s. 407-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether perceived failure in school performance increases the potential for children to be physically injured. SUBJECTS: Children aged 10-15 years residing in the Stockholm County and hospitalised or called back for a medical check up because of a physical injury during the school years 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 (n = 592). METHODS: A case-crossover design was used and information on potential injury triggers was gathered by interview. Information about family socioeconomic circumstances was gathered by a questionnaire filled in by parents during the child interview (response rate 87%). RESULTS: Perceived failure in school performance has the potential to trigger injury within up to 10 hours subsequent to exposure (relative risk = 2.70; 95% confidence intervals = 1.2 to 5.8). The risk is significantly higher among pre-adolescents and among children from families at a higher education level. CONCLUSIONS: Experiencing feelings of failure may affect children's physical safety, in particular among pre-adolescents. Possible mechanisms are perceptual deficits and response changes occasioned by the stress experienced after exposure.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Möller, K.P., et al.
(författare)
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The catalytic evaluation of structured zeolite catalysts
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1542-6580. ; 2:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ZSM-5 films, with thicknesses between 150 and 2300 nm, supported on 3 mm diameter alumina beads are characterised in terms of their catalytic activity and selectivity for tri-isopropylbenzene cracking and para-xylene isomerisation at 450°C. A reaction-diffusion model adequately represents the experimental data and is used to estimate intrinsic reactivity and diffusion properties of the zeolite films. Results show that the external activity, overall activity and the diffusivity increase with increasing film thickness. The variation in reactivity and diffusivity, when compared to physio-chemical data, are a result of structural defects and non-homogeneities of the zeolite film. The measured diffusivities are within an order of magnitude of those extrapolated from literature. Thick zeolite films have the largest Thiele modulus as the increase in zeolite film thickness dominates over the structural defects. The largest selectivity improvements are observed for thick zeolite films
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| 38. |
- Möller, Michael, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Acute rupture of tendon Achillis. A prospective randomised study of comparison between surgical and non-surgical treatment.
- 2001
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Ingår i: The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. - 0301-620X. ; 83:6, s. 843-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a prospective, randomised, multicentre study, 112 patients (99 men and 13 women, aged between 21 and 63 years) with acute, complete rupture of tendo Achillis were allocated either to surgical treatment followed by early functional rehabilitation, using a brace, or to non-surgical treatment, with plaster splintage for eight weeks. The period of follow-up was for two years. Evaluation was undertaken by independent observers and comprised interviews, clinical measurements, isokinetic muscle performance tests, heel-raise tests and an overall outcome score. The rate of rerupture was 20.8% after non-surgical and 1.7% after surgical treatment (p < 0.001). Surgical and non-surgical treatment produced equally good functional results if complications were avoided. However, the rate of rerupture after non-surgical treatment was unacceptably high.
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| 39. |
- Möller, Michael, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Calf muscle function after Achilles tendon rupture. A prospective, randomised study comparing surgical and non-surgical treatment.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188. ; 12:1, s. 9-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a prospective, randomised, multicentre study, 112 patients with Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) were allocated to surgical treatment (n=59), followed by early functional rehabilitation using a brace, and non-surgical treatment (n=53), i.e. eight weeks of plaster treatment. In this study, the results of the isokinetic muscle strength evaluation are presented for contractions in both the concentric and the eccentric mode, plantar flexion and dorsiflexion, two angular velocities and three different positions of the subject. The heel-raise test for endurance, maximum calf circumference and tendon width were also evaluated. The re-rupture rate was 20.8% in the non-surgically-treated group and 1.7% in the surgically-treated group. No significant differences were found between the treatment groups in terms of the isokinetic strength measurements and the endurance test among the patients who did not sustain a re-rupture. If a re-rupture is avoided, both surgical and non-surgical treatment for ATR produce good functional outcome; however, the muscle function was not restored after two years in either group.
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| 40. |
- Möller, Michael, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue expansion for repair of severely complicated Achilles tendon ruptures.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056. ; 9:4, s. 228-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on two patients with severely complicated Achilles tendon ruptures (ATR), including re-rupture, postoperative deep infection and subsequent tissue loss. Tissue expansion was used to facilitate tendon reconstruction and to ensure good healing potential with skin closure without tension. Tissue expansion is a valid option in patients with complicated ATR. The outcome for the two patients described here was good, with improved function and no major complications.
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| 41. |
- Möller, P, et al.
(författare)
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The BRCA1 syndrome and other inherited breast or breast-ovarian cancers in a Norwegian prospective series
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - 1879-0852. ; 37:8, s. 1027-1032
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inherited breast cancer is a heterogenous group of diseases. We examined this heterogeneity in a prospective series of inherited breast and ovarian cancers, previously demonstrated to include 84% of inherited cancers. Ninety-two tumours (65 breast and 27 ovarian) in 82 patients from 70 kindreds were prospectively diagnosed. Fifteen of the breast cancers were in situ, 50 were infiltrating. 40 (49%) of the 82 women carried a BRCA1 mutation, whereas no mutation in BRCA2 was found. Approximately, two-thirds of the BRCA1 mutation carriers had one of the four most frequent Norwegian founder mutations. Ninety-five per cent of the epithelial ovarian cancers occurred in BRCA1 mutation carrying women versus 38% of infiltrating breast cancers and 7% of carcinoma in situ of the breast. The BRCA1 syndrome was phenotypically distinct with invasive, high grade, oestrogen receptor-negative breast cancers and epithelial ovarian cancers. Non-BRCA1/2 inherited breast cancers included carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma and were frequently bilateral. Non-BRCA1/2 inherited breast cancer is not associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and in breast cancers has distinct biological characteristics, indicating that the different subgroups of inherited breast cancer may need different healthcare services.
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| 42. |
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