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| 10. |
- Muller, D, et al.
(författare)
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Competitive adsorption of gelatin and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate at hydrophobic surfaces
- 1998
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 14, s. 3107-3114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The competitive adsorption of gelatin and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) at hydrophobic surfaces was investigated with surface and interfacial tension measurements, ellipsometry, surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR), and total internal reflectance fluorescence spectroscopy (TIRF). From both ellipsometry and SPR, initial additions of SDBS after gelatin preadsorption were found to result in a total adsorbed amount increase, as well as in a swelling of the adsorbed layer. At higher SDBS concentrations, both the total adsorbed amount and the amount of gelatin adsorbed decrease, which was observed from ellipsometry, SPR, and TIRF. From surface and interfacial tension measurements, it was found that the critical aggregation concentration (cac) for the SDBS-gelatin system decreases with decreasing pH. Analogous to this, ellipsometry, SPR, and TIRF indicate that the SDBS concentration required to cause a significant decrease in the gelatin adsorbed amount decreases with decreasing pH. The desorption therefore seems to be correlated to the SDBS binding to the adsorbed gelatin molecules rather than to purely competitive adsorption.
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| 11. |
- Muller, D, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction of gelatin and sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate at oil and water interfaces
- 1997
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Ingår i: Imaging Science Journal. - 1368-2199 .- 1743-131X. ; 45, s. 229-235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interaction between sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (SDBS) and gelatin was studied in relation to emulsification behaviour and emulsion stability. We chose two different oils to study influences of oil phase characteristics, namely, tricresyl phosphate (TCP) as an oil with polar and slightly hydrophilic nature, and n-docedane (nC12) as its apolar contrast. Our interfacial tension measurements showed that both TCP and n-C12 give critical values (i.e., cac and cmc) very close to those of surface tension measurement. This result indicates that the complexation behaviour in bulk solution is independent of the presence or the nature of the oil phase. Absolute tension values above the cmc and slope values at the cmc in gelatin free systems, however, imply SDBC's weaker adsorption to TCP than to n-C12. Our emulsification results for the TCP system revealed the existence of an optiomal point for emulsion stability in the SDBS concentration region between the cac and the cmc. Above this point, emulsion stability deteriorates remarkably. The behaviour is in line with our findings from the dynamic sorption expriments (ellipsometry, TIRF, and SPR) reported elsewhere, which showed a rapid desorption of gelatin from the hydrophobic surfaces above the cac. The results suggest that the adsorption of gelatin/ surfactant complexes at the interface is a key factor for stability of the polar oil emulsion system. Contrary to that , the n-c12 system did not show any deterioration, even above the cmc, which is presumably due to a strong double layer effect from the firmly adsorbed layer of SDBS at the interface.
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| 12. |
- Olofsson, A M, et al.
(författare)
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Heparin-binding protein targeted to mitochondrial compartments protects endothelial cells from apoptosis
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738. ; 104:7, s. 885-894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutrophil-borne heparin-binding protein (HBP) is a multifunctional protein involved in the progression of inflammation. HBP is stored in neutrophil granules and released upon stimulation of the cells in proximity to endothelial cells. HBP affects endothelial cells in multiple ways; however, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the interaction of HBP with these cells are unknown. Affinity isolation and enzymatic degradation demonstrated that HBP released from human neutrophils binds to endothelial cell-surface proteoglycans, such as syndecans and glypican. Flow cytometry indicated that a significant fraction of proteoglycan-bound HBP is taken up by the endothelial cells, and we used radiolabeled HBP to determine the internalization rate of surface-bound HBP. Confocal and electron microscopy revealed that internalized HBP is targeted to perinuclear compartments of endothelial cells, where it colocalizes with mitochondria. Western blotting of isolated mitochondria from HBP-treated endothelial cells showed that HBP is present in 2 forms - 28 and 22 kDa. Internalized HBP markedly reduced growth factor deprivation-induced caspase-3 activation and protected endothelial cells from apoptosis, suggesting that uptake and intracellular routing of exogenous HBP to mitochondria contributes to the sustained viability of endothelial cells in the context of locally activated neutrophils.
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| 13. |
- Vasi, J, et al.
(författare)
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Five homologous repeats of the protein G-related protein MIG cooperate in binding to goat immunoglobulin G
- 1999
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - 1098-5522. ; 67:1, s. 413-416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein MIG, from Streptococcus dysgalactiae, binds alpha2-macroglobulin and immunoglobulin G (IgG). MIG-derived fusion proteins with one to five IgG-binding repeats differed up to 72,000- fold in avidity for goat IgG, indicating a considerable cooperativity of the repeats. Significant sequence variation in the IgG-binding repeats was recognized. Protein MIG interacted with goat IgG1 via both the Fc and Fab parts.
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| 16. |
- Borgegard, LE, et al.
(författare)
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Concentration and dispersion of immigrants in Sweden, 1973-1992
- 1998
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Ingår i: CANADIAN GEOGRAPHER-GEOGRAPHE CANADIEN. - : CANADIAN ASSN GEOGRAPHERS. ; 42:1
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Immigrants play a substantial role in the overall population redistribution in Sweden today. Due to the tendencies of immigrants to concentrate in the major metropolitan areas, a policy of dispersal has been implemented. The purpose of this article is to
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| 17. |
- de Zegher, F, et al.
(författare)
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Androgens and fetal growth
- 1998
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Ingår i: Hormone research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-0163. ; 50:4, s. 243-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Boys are heavier than girls at term birth. Children with a 46,XY karyotype and androgen insensitivity syndrome (clinically complete form and/or proven mutations in the androgen receptor gene) were found to have a birth weight comparable to that of girls. These findings support the hypothesis that the difference in birth weight between boys and girls is generated by androgen action.
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- Gärdlund, B, et al.
(författare)
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Randomised, controlled trial of low-dose heparin for prevention of fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with infectious diseases. The Heparin Prophylaxis Study Group.
- 1996
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 347:9012, s. 1357-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fatal pulmonary embolism and other thromboembolic complications are common in hospital inpatients. However, there is little evidence on the routine use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in non-surgical patients. We assessed the efficacy and safety of low-dose heparin in the prevention of hospital-acquired, clinically relevant, fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with infectious diseases.METHODS: Our study used the postrandomisation consent design. 19,751 consecutive patients, aged 55 years or older, admitted to departments of infectious diseases in six Swedish hospitals, were screened for inclusion in the randomised, controlled, unblinded, multicentre trial. Of the eligible patients, 5776 were assigned subcutaneous standard heparin (5000 IU every 12 h) until hospital discharge or for a maximum of 3 weeks; 5917 were assigned no prophylactic treatment (control group). We sought consent only from the heparin group. Follow-up was for 3 weeks after discharge from hospital or for a maximum of 60 days from randomisation. The primary endpoint was necropsy-verified pulmonary embolism of predefined clinical relevance.FINDINGS: By intention-to-treat analysis mortality was similar in the heparin and control groups (5.3 vs 5.6%, p = 0.39) and the median time from admission to death was 16 days in both groups (IQR 8-31 vs 6-28 days). Necropsy-verified pulmonary embolism occurred in 15 heparin-treated and 16 control-group patients. There was a significant difference between heparin and control groups in median time from randomisation to fatal pulmonary embolism (28 [24-36] vs 12.5 [10-20] days, p = 0.007). This difference corresponds to the duration of heparin prophylaxis. Non-fatal thromboembolic complications occurred in more of the control than of the heparin group (116 vs 70, p = 0.0012).INTERPRETATION: Our findings do not support the routine use of heparin prophylaxis for 3 weeks or less in large groups of non-surgical patients. Further studies are needed to investigate whether heparin prophylaxis of longer duration may prevent fatal pulmonary embolism.
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| 22. |
- JUUL, A, et al.
(författare)
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Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in healthy infants, children, and adolescents: the relation to IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, age, sex, body mass index, and pubertal maturation
- 1995
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X. ; 80:8, s. 2534-2542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
- Müller, H P, et al.
(författare)
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Six-dimensional spin density/velocity NMR microscopy of percolation clusters.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Magnetic Resonance Imaging. - 0730-725X .- 1873-5894. ; 14:7-8, s. 955-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using computer-simulated random-site percolation networks as templates, three-dimensional percolation cluster objects were fabricated. The pore space was filled with water and experimentally investigated with the aid of NMR microimaging. A pulse sequence for six-dimensional spin density/velocity NMR imaging was employed for the combined record of the three-dimensional spin-density distribution and the three-dimensional velocity vector field of water percolating through the pore space. An evaluation procedure for the NMR image data was established that reliably renders the characteristic parameters (fractal dimensionality, fractal dimensionality of the backbone, correlation length).
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| 28. |
- Muller, J, et al.
(författare)
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Management of males with 45,X/46,XY gonadal dysgenesis
- 1999
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Ingår i: Hormone research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-0163. ; 52:1, s. 11-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Males with the 45,X/46,XY karyotype and malformations of the external genitalia carry an increased risk of developing germ cell neoplasia of the gonads. We have studied gonadal tissue from 10 individuals, 0.3–17 years of age, with a male phenotype and either hypospadias and/or cryptorchidism. Four patients, 0.3–15 years of age, had carcinoma in situ, 1 boy had Sertoli-cell-only pattern and the remainder prepubertal histology. Gonadoblastoma or invasive carcinoma was not found. On the basis of our current knowledge we propose a strategy for management and follow-up of these boys in order to detect possible premalignant histological changes early and prevent development of a gonadal tumour.
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| 29. |
- Muller-Lissner, S A, et al.
(författare)
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Interobserver agreement in defecography--an international study
- 1998
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Ingår i: Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie. - 0044-2771. ; 36:4, s. 273-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Defecography is considered to be an essential investigation in the evaluation of functional anorectal disorders, but the agreement between observers from different clinical centers has never been evaluated. METHODS: 14 defecographic studies were selected aimed to cover the most relevant defecographic findings responsible for disordered defecation. Eight studies were considered unequivocal, but six were thought to be controversial. All were sent to the ten participants in Europe and the US (five proctosurgeons, three radiologists, two gastroenterologists). They evaluated the studies using a previously agreed upon questionnaire. Interobserver agreement was quantified by kappa statistics and by the proportions of positive and negative agreement as compared to chance agreement, respectively. RESULTS: Overall, only the completeness of rectal emptying and the presence of a rectocele achieved acceptable kappa values above 0.4. When restricting the evaluation to the studies considered to be unequivocal, agreement improved considerably and was moderate to good for all items describing the images (kappa 0.43-0.63). However, whether proctosurgery should be performed and whether defecography contributed to the management of the particular patient remained controversial with very low kappa. CONCLUSIONS: It is doubtful whether defecography contributes substantially to the management of patients with disordered defecation.
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| 32. |
- Ristow, M, et al.
(författare)
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Deficiency of phosphofructo-1-kinase/muscle subtype in humans is associated with impairment of insulin secretory oscillations
- 1999
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 48:8, s. 1557-1561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In healthy humans, insulin is secreted in an oscillatory manner. While the underlying mechanisms generating these oscillations are not fully established, increasing evidence suggests a central role for phosphofructo-1-kinase/muscle subtype (PFK1-M), which also serves as the predominantly active PFK1 subtype in the pancreatic beta-cell. The fact that normal oscillatory secretion is impaired in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and healthy relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes suggests that this defect may be involved in the secretory dysfunction. To evaluate a possible link between inherited PFK1-M deficiency in humans (Tarui's disease or glycogenosis type VII) and altered insulin oscillations, in vivo studies were performed. We determined basal insulin oscillations during 2 h of frequent plasma sampling in two related teen-aged individuals with homozygous and heterozygous PFK1-M deficiency compared with nondeficient, unrelated control subjects. As predicted by the underlying hypothesis, normal oscillations in insulin secretion were completely abolished in the individual with homozygous deficiency of PFK1-M and significantly impaired in the heterozygous individual, as shown by spectral density and autocorrelation analyses. Thus, deficiency of PFK1-M subtype in humans appears to be associated with an impaired oscillatory insulin secretion pattern and may contribute to the commonly observed secretion defects occurring in type 2 diabetes.
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| 35. |
- THOMSEN, JW, et al.
(författare)
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ORBITAL ALIGNMENT DEPENDENCE OF ELECTRON-TRANSFER CROSS-SECTIONS .2. 1-15-KEV HE+ NA(3P) COLLISIONS
- 1995
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. ; 28:4
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This letter reports experimental results for the influence of target excitation and orbital alignment on the electron transfer process for the He+-Na(3s,3p) collision. The impact energy range is 1-15 keV in which the electron transfer cross sections have
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