| 1. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Leebens-Mack, James H., et al.
(författare)
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One thousand plant transcriptomes and the phylogenomics of green plants
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 574:7780, s. 679-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Green plants (Viridiplantae) include around 450,000-500,000 species(1,2) of great diversity and have important roles in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Here, as part of the One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative, we sequenced the vegetative transcriptomes of 1,124 species that span the diversity of plants in a broad sense (Archaeplastida), including green plants (Viridiplantae), glaucophytes (Glaucophyta) and red algae (Rhodophyta). Our analysis provides a robust phylogenomic framework for examining the evolution of green plants. Most inferred species relationships are well supported across multiple species tree and supermatrix analyses, but discordance among plastid and nuclear gene trees at a few important nodes highlights the complexity of plant genome evolution, including polyploidy, periods of rapid speciation, and extinction. Incomplete sorting of ancestral variation, polyploidization and massive expansions of gene families punctuate the evolutionary history of green plants. Notably, we find that large expansions of gene families preceded the origins of green plants, land plants and vascular plants, whereas whole-genome duplications are inferred to have occurred repeatedly throughout the evolution of flowering plants and ferns. The increasing availability of high-quality plant genome sequences and advances in functional genomics are enabling research on genome evolution across the green tree of life.
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| 3. |
- Lundgren, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Analgesic antipyretic use among young children in the TEDDY study : No association with islet autoimmunity
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Pediatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2431. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The use of analgesic antipyretics (ANAP) in children have long been a matter of controversy. Data on their practical use on an individual level has, however, been scarce. There are indications of possible effects on glucose homeostasis and immune function related to the use of ANAP. The aim of this study was to analyze patterns of analgesic antipyretic use across the clinical centers of The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) prospective cohort study and test if ANAP use was a risk factor for islet autoimmunity. Methods: Data were collected for 8542 children in the first 2.5 years of life. Incidence was analyzed using logistic regression with country and first child status as independent variables. Holm's procedure was used to adjust for multiplicity of intercountry comparisons. Time to autoantibody seroconversion was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model with cumulative analgesic use as primary time dependent covariate of interest. For each categorization, a generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach was used. Results: Higher prevalence of ANAP use was found in the U.S. (95.7%) and Sweden (94.8%) compared to Finland (78.1%) and Germany (80.2%). First-born children were more commonly given acetaminophen (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.07, 1.49; p = 0.007) but less commonly Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.78, 0.95; p = 0.002). Acetaminophen and NSAID use in the absence of fever and infection was more prevalent in the U.S. (40.4%; 26.3% of doses) compared to Sweden, Finland and Germany (p < 0.001). Acetaminophen or NSAID use before age 2.5 years did not predict development of islet autoimmunity by age 6 years (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.99-1.09; p = 0.27). In a sub-analysis, acetaminophen use in children with fever weakly predicted development of islet autoimmunity by age 3 years (HR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.09; p = 0.024). Conclusions: ANAP use in young children is not a risk factor for seroconversion by age 6 years. Use of ANAP is widespread in young children, and significantly higher in the U.S. compared to other study sites, where use is common also in absence of fever and infection.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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Architecture in effect : vol 1. Rethinking the social in architecture: making effects
- 2018
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Architecture in Effect presents research on the co-constitution of architecture and the social by addressing concrete problems and forwarding explorative theories and methodologies. The book compromises a wide-ranging collection of essays emerging from a multi-year research collective that has brought together partners from Sweden, the Nordic countries, the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States.The socially oriented perspective of Volume #1, Rethinking the Social, is complemented by discussions of architectural and transdisciplinary theories and methodologies in Volume #2, After Effects. Together these twin volumes reflect on topics such as the utopian idea of a welfare state, the role of intersubjective and non-human points of view, and the impact of historical and current images on the making of realities. The task of these books is to present a wide range of research topics that combine historical, material, and critical research approaches that respond to our current crises and challenges. Ultimately, this enables new modes of knowledge production within architecture to be advanced in its relation to societal transformation.
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| 6. |
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Architecture in Effect Vol #1(2) : Rethinking the Social in Architecture – Making Effects.
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Architecture in Effect is a substantial double volume that compiles 50 essays emerging from the architectural research environment of Sweden and drawing on a complex matrix of international collaborations. A central premise of the collected research is to question the relationship between the built environment and societal norms and to interrogate architecture’s role in these co-constitutive processes. The Architecture in Effect project is concerned with how contemporary political and environmental conditions place specific demands on society and on the everyday life of individuals. Architectural researchers have the capacity to both initiate and criticize architectural production and culture amidst existing and emerging societies. Architecture in Effect is published by Actar Barcelona New York (2019). Rethinking the Social in Architecture: Making Effects Volume 01 Edited by Sten Gromark, Jennifer Mack, Roemer van Toorn That architecture serves as the setting for social actions, activities, and content is not a new idea. That the architectural project can precipitate crucial social change, even transgression, is a far more modern and disputed claim. Spatial design in society has recently shifted away from universal solutions toward satisfying specific market orientated interests. The time is now to reclaim architecture’s role in promoting political, economic, ecological, and cultural transformations. The radicality of architecture is renewed in the exploration of novel and unforeseen possibilities: making effects.
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| 7. |
- Gromark, Sten, 1951, et al.
(författare)
-
Architecture in Effect vol #1(2) Rethinking the Social in Architecture: Making Effects - Editors’ Introduction
- 2019
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Ingår i: Architecture in Effect vol #1(2) Rethinking the Social in Architecture: Making Effects. ; , s. 18-35
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Architecture in Effect is a substantial collection of essays emerging from the Swedish research environment of the same name. While it takes its point of departure from within the specific context that is Sweden, it includes contributions from authors based in the Nordic context, in the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States. A central premise of the collected research is that the built environment and societal norms are co-constitutive and that architecture as a discipline and as a professional practice plays a fundamental role in this relationship. Contemporary political and environmental conditions place specific demands on society and on the everyday life of individuals. There persists, as such, an obligation for actors within the discipline of architecture to contribute to a rethinking of the situated knowledges within architecture by engaging in trans-, cross-, and inter-disciplinary studies. Architectural researchers have the capacity to guide and criticize thinking on architecture and its vital material relations amidst existing and emerging societies. The socially oriented perspective of Volume #1, Rethinking the Social , is complemented by discussions of architectural and transdisciplinary theories and methodologies in Volume #2, After Effects . Together these twin volumes reflect on topics such as the utopian idea of a welfare state, the role of intersubjective and non-human points of view, and the impact of historical and current images on the making of realities – and how such themes are intertwined with the development of architecture. The collected essays draw on historical and contemporary architectural situations, as seen from socially oriented perspectives and through the use of innovative methodologies and theories. A special feature included in the collection is a heteroglossary, a lexicon that defines productive concepts for architectural research that the contributing authors activate across the two volumes. Professor Dana Cuff, UCLA, USA, has provided a perceptive foreword for the double book project. The task of these books is to present a wide range of research topics that combine historical, material, and critical research approaches that respond to our current crises and challenges. Ultimately, this enables new modes of knowledge production within architecture to be advanced in its relation to societal transformation.
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| 8. |
- Gromark, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking the social in architecture: making effects : editors' introduction
- 2018
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Ingår i: Architecture in effect. - Barcelona, New York : ACTAR. - 9781940291994 ; , s. 19-35
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Architecture in Effect presents research on the co-constitution of architecture and the social by addressing concrete problems and forwarding explorative theories and methodologies. The book compromises a wide-ranging collection of essays emerging from a multi-year research collective that has brought together partners from Sweden, the Nordic countries, the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States.The socially oriented perspective of Volume #1, Rethinking the Social, is complemented by discussions of architectural and transdisciplinary theories and methodologies in Volume #2, After Effects. Together these twin volumes reflect on topics such as the utopian idea of a welfare state, the role of intersubjective and non-human points of view, and the impact of historical and current images on the making of realities. The task of these books is to present a wide range of research topics that combine historical, material, and critical research approaches that respond to our current crises and challenges. Ultimately, this enables new modes of knowledge production within architecture to be advanced in its relation to societal transformation.With the contributions ofAlberto Altés Arlandis, Mariana Alves, Thordis Arrhenius, Anders Bergström, Luis Berríos-Negrón, Katarina Bonnevier, Brady Burroughs, Ragnhild Claesson, Fran Cottell, Hélène Frichot, Hannes Frykholm, Catharina Gabrielsson, David A. Garcia, Charlotte Geldof, Katja Grillner, Sten Gromark, Sophie Handler, Maria Hellström Reimer, Ben Highmore, Katja Hogenboom, Ebba Högström, Nel Janssens, Mark Jarzombek, Sepideh Karami, Daniel Koch, Thérèse Kristiansson, Mattias Kärrholm, Jennifer Mack, Jesper Magnusson, Helena Mattsson, Marianne Mueller, Katrin Paadam, Christina Pech, Karin Reisinger, Jane Rendell, Helen Runting, Gunnar Sandin, Meike Schalk, Miriam von Schantz, Bettina Schwalm, Erik Sigge, Erik Stenberg, Tijana Stevanović, Apolonija Šušteršič, Roemer van Toorn, Fredrik Torisson
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| 9. |
- Jelenkovic, Aline, et al.
(författare)
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Zygosity Differences in Height and Body Mass Index of Twins From Infancy to Old Age : A Study of the CODATwins Project
- 2015
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 18:5, s. 557-570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A trend toward greater body size in dizygotic (DZ) than in monozygotic (MZ) twins has been suggested by some but not all studies, and this difference may also vary by age. We analyzed zygosity differences in mean values and variances of height and body mass index (BMI) among male and female twins from infancy to old age. Data were derived from an international database of 54 twin cohorts participating in the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins), and included 842,951 height and BMI measurements from twins aged 1 to 102 years. The results showed that DZ twins were consistently taller than MZ twins, with differences of up to 2.0 cm in childhood and adolescence and up to 0.9 cm in adulthood. Similarly, a greater mean BMI of up to 0.3 kg/m(2) in childhood and adolescence and up to 0.2 kg/m(2) in adulthood was observed in DZ twins, although the pattern was less consistent. DZ twins presented up to 1.7% greater height and 1.9% greater BMI than MZ twins; these percentage differences were largest in middle and late childhood and decreased with age in both sexes. The variance of height was similar in MZ and DZ twins at most ages. In contrast, the variance of BMI was significantly higher in DZ than in MZ twins, particularly in childhood. In conclusion, DZ twins were generally taller and had greater BMI than MZ twins, but the differences decreased with age in both sexes.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Mack, Jennifer
(författare)
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An awkward technocracy : Mosques, churches, and urban planners in neoliberal Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Ethnologist. - : Wiley. - 0094-0496 .- 1548-1425. ; 46:1, s. 89-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, an ostensibly secular-majority society, urban planners facilitate the construction of new churches and mosques for minority religious groups. In this work, they typically perceive themselves as neutral professionals relying on a technical education. But since the 1980s, Swedish civil servants, including planners, have transformed from experts to managers, and their interactions with clients for mosques and churches often reveal their opinions and preferences, including for modernism and secularism. These awkward encounters challenge the planners' technocratic understanding of their work, forcing them into a new kind of productive labor: as uncomfortable arbiters of difference and its public presence. This is a result of neoliberal governance, which has ambiguously expanded the types of European civil servants asked to manage minority groups, as well as the professional roles they must play. [urban planning, neoliberalism, secularism, mosques, churches, immigration, Sweden]
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| 13. |
- Mack, Jennifer, Associate Professor
(författare)
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An Incomplete Guide to Stockholm Architecture
- 2019
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Ingår i: Rethinking the Social in Architecture. - Barcelona : ACTAR. ; , s. 248-255
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 14. |
- Mack, Jennifer, Associate Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Att bygga om Sverige
- 2015
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Ingår i: Arkitektur. - 0004-2021. ; , s. 82-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Mack, Jennifer, Associate Professor
(författare)
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Det nya förortscentrum : Äta, be, handla
- 2016
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Ingår i: Utvandrat och invandrat. - Stockholm : Historiska Media. ; , s. 174-187
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 17. |
- Mack, Jennifer, Associate Professor
(författare)
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Det nya periferin
- 2018
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Ingår i: Arkitektur. - 0004-2021. ; , s. 62-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 18. |
- Mack, Jennifer
(författare)
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Form follows faith : Swedish architects, expertise and new religious spaces in the Stockholm suburbs
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Islamic Architecture. - : Ingenta. - 2045-5895 .- 2045-5909. ; 4:2, s. 401-416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2007, the City of Stockholm initiated the Järva Lift to remodel several ‘segregated’ suburbs, originally constructed during the state-sponsored ‘Million Programme’ (1965–1974). Recognizing the area’s large immigrant population, the Lift proposed several new mosques; Spridd’s Multicultural Centre, Johan Celsing’s Rinkeby Mosque and a new building for the Stockholm Large Mosque Organization with collaboration from Tengbom are now planned. Here, I explore how these projects travel, both across domains of design expertise and through the planning regimes of the Swedish capital. Many constituents have origins in Somalia, yet architects from countries like Kuwait and Saudi Arabia have been asked to submit sketches, and Swedish architects have ultimately been hired to create or reshape designs that appeal to the local planning bureaucracy. Intriguingly, all three Swedish firms – ranging from boutique to corporate – have never before designed a mosque. Clients request intricate façade details or distinct interior spaces for men and women, moves that are considered ‘un-Swedish’ for formal and social reasons respectively. In response, two mosques are described as merging Muslim and Scandinavian design traditions, and one architect proposes the eventual disappearance of a mobile panelling system designed to separate worshippers of different genders. Has bureaucratic expertise trumped the design knowledge that a more seasoned mosque architect might bring?.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Mack, Jennifer, Associate Professor
(författare)
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Formen följer tron
- 2016
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Ingår i: Arkitektur. - 0004-2021. ; , s. 42-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Mack, Jennifer
(författare)
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Renovation Year Zero : Swedish Welfare Landscapes of Anxiety, 1975 to the Present
- 2019
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Ingår i: Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - Uppsala : Föreningen Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - 0349-2834 .- 2002-3812. ; 76, s. 63-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish Million Program built one million dwelling units from 1965 to 1974, largely according to late modernist design principles, but many new neighborhoods were quickly stigmatized for their monolithic forms and unfinished outdoor spaces, as well as for social problems with which they quickly became associated. To remedy this, the Swedish national government initiated a new program in 1975 to provide subsidies for renovations of areas with multifamily housing constructed before 1975, the so-called Environmental Improvement Subsidies (Miljöförbättringsbidrag). These subsidies were offered until 1986 and ultimately supported about 1,700 renovation projects. In this paper, I examine the use of subsidies during this “Year Zero” of the project and some early critiques of their results. Critically, many Environmental Improvement projects included participatory planning – explicit attempts to involve residents in direct discussions – an orientation that remains into the present day when renovations for Million Program areas are being conducted (sometimes in the same places). When the expertise that produced the original plans for Million Program neighborhoods was immediately treated with suspicion for its top-down approach, I analyze how new bottom-up methods of resident participation in design emerged, how they were implemented, and how they were evaluated in the 1980s and 1990s to ask: Why was renovation in this early period already seen as necessary? Why and how were participatory methods used in such renovations? Why are methods similar to those used as early as the mid-1970s expected to have different results today?
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| 31. |
- Mack, Jennifer, Associate Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking the Social in Architecture
- 2019
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Ingår i: Rethinking the Social in Architecture. - Barcelona : ACTAR. ; , s. 18-35
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Mack, Jennifer
(författare)
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The construction of equality : Syriac immigration and the Swedish City
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. - : University of Minnesota Press. - 0037-9808 .- 2150-5926.
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- An industrial city on the outskirts of Stockholm, Södertälje is the global capital of the Syriac Orthodox Christian diaspora, an ethnic and religious minority group fleeing persecution and discrimination in the Middle East. Since the 1960s, this Syriac community has transformed the standardized welfare state spaces of the city’s neighborhoods into its own “Mesopotälje,” defined by houses with Mediterranean and other international influences, a major soccer stadium, and massive churches and social clubs. Such projects have challenged principles of Swedish utopian architecture and planning that explicitly emphasized the erasure of difference. In The Construction of Equality, Jennifer Mack shows how Syriac-instigated architectural projects and spatial practices have altered the city’s built environment “from below,” offering a fresh perspective on segregation in the European modernist suburbs. Combining architectural, urban, and ethnographic tools through archival research, site work, participant observation (among residents, designers, and planners), and interviews, Mack provides a unique take on urban development, social change, and the immigrant experience in Europe over a fifty-year period. Her book shows how the transformation of space at the urban scale-the creation and evolution of commercial and social districts, for example-operates through the slow accumulation of architectural projects. As Mack demonstrates, these developments are not merely the result of the grassroots social practices usually attributed to immigrants but instead are officially approved through dialogues between residents and design professionals: accredited architects, urban planners, and civic bureaucrats. Mack attends to the tensions between the “enclavization” practices of a historically persecuted minority group, the integration policies of the Swedish welfare state and its planners, and European nativism.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Mack, Jennifer, Associate Professor, et al.
(författare)
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The right to the garden : Allotments and the politics of urban green space in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Green Landscapes in the European City, 1750-2010. - London : Routledge. ; , s. 87-104
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While community gardens are today often conceived of as bottom-up spatial reclamations,the tradition of allotment gardens in Sweden began with the top-down interventions of early20 th century social reformers. They sought to encourage newly urbanized populations topreserve rural agricultural practices while also addressing wartime food shortages. In thispaper, we examine gardens in and around Stockholm, postulating that two forces in post-warSweden – the rapid growth in food security and large-scale immigration since the 1960s –eventually resulted in two spatially and formally distinct types of allotments that reflectevolving definitions of Swedish “urban green space.”Today, most centrally located, historic allotments have shed their productive function,becoming surrogate private flower gardens for older, middle-class Swedes. Meanwhile,allotments in suburbs developed during the “Million Program” – the Social Democraticprogram that produced one million dwellings between 1965 and 1974 – are often the domainof immigrants, who typically cultivate vegetables. Thus, while earlier allotments reinforce aSwedish rural vernacular, more recent allotments include imported crops and techniques.What happens when Thai basil appears in gardens imagined as repositories for Swedishpotatoes? We compare these two types of allotments as reflections of a new cultural politicsof landscape and public access to green space. In Stockholm, “Swedish” gardens are cast asnostalgic, decorative spaces for a nation of nature lovers, or, more reproachfully, asunnecessary hobby grounds. Later allotments are officially represented as healthymicrocosms of a newly pluralist society, or critically perceived as unsightly, “un-Swedish”places in the urban margins. As such, these gardens raise questions about the right to the cityand notions of class and nationalism, replayed as rights to cultivation space.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Mack, Jennifer, Associate Professor
(författare)
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Urban Design from Below
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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Re-thinking the Social : Making Effects
- 2019
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Architecture in Effect presents research on the co-constitution of architecture and the social by addressing concrete problems and forwarding explorative theories and methodologies. The book compromises a wide-ranging collection of essays emerging from a multi-year research collective that has brought together partners from Sweden, the Nordic countries, the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States.The socially oriented perspective of Volume #1, Rethinking the Social, is complemented by discussions of architectural and transdisciplinary theories and methodologies in Volume #2, After Effects. Together these twin volumes reflect on topics such as the utopian idea of a welfare state, the role of intersubjective and non-human points of view, and the impact of historical and current images on the making of realities. The task of these books is to present a wide range of research topics that combine historical, material, and critical research approaches that respond to our current crises and challenges. Ultimately, this enables new modes of knowledge production within architecture to be advanced in its relation to societal transformation.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Silventoinen, Karri, et al.
(författare)
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Education in twins and their parents across birth cohorts over 100 years : an individual-level pooled analysis of 42 twin cohorts
- 2017
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics. - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whether monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins differ from each other in a variety of phenotypes is important for genetic twin modeling and for inferences made from twin studies in general. We analyzed whether there were differences in individual, maternal and paternal education between MZ and DZ twins in a large pooled dataset. Information was gathered on individual education for 218,362 adult twins from 27 twin cohorts (53% females; 39% MZ twins), and on maternal and paternal education for 147,315 and 143,056 twins respectively, from 28 twin cohorts (52% females; 38% MZ twins). Together, we had information on individual or parental education from 42 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. The original education classifications were transformed to education years and analyzed using linear regression models. Overall, MZ males had 0.26 (95% CI [0.21, 0.31]) years and MZ females 0.17 (95% CI [0.12, 0.21]) years longer education than DZ twins. The zygosity difference became smaller in more recent birth cohorts for both males and females. Parental education was somewhat longer for fathers of DZ twins in cohorts born in 1990-1999 (0.16 years, 95% CI [0.08, 0.25]) and 2000 or later (0.11 years, 95% CI [0.00, 0.22]), compared with fathers of MZ twins. The results show that the years of both individual and parental education are largely similar in MZ and DZ twins. We suggest that the socio-economic differences between MZ and DZ twins are so small that inferences based upon genetic modeling of twin data are not affected.
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| 43. |
- Silventoinen, Karri, et al.
(författare)
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The CODATwins Project : The Cohort Description of Collaborative Project of Development of Anthropometrical Measures in Twins to Study Macro-Environmental Variation in Genetic and Environmental Effects on Anthropometric Traits
- 2015
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 18:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For over 100 years, the genetics of human anthropometric traits has attracted scientific interest. In particular, height and body mass index (BMI, calculated as kg/m2) have been under intensive genetic research. However, it is still largely unknown whether and how heritability estimates vary between human populations. Opportunities to address this question have increased recently because of the establishment of many new twin cohorts and the increasing accumulation of data in established twin cohorts. We started a new research project to analyze systematically (1) the variation of heritability estimates of height, BMI and their trajectories over the life course between birth cohorts, ethnicities and countries, and (2) to study the effects of birth-related factors, education and smoking on these anthropometric traits and whether these effects vary between twin cohorts. We identified 67 twin projects, including both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins, using various sources. We asked for individual level data on height and weight including repeated measurements, birth related traits, background variables, education and smoking. By the end of 2014, 48 projects participated. Together, we have 893,458 height and weight measures (52% females) from 434,723 twin individuals, including 201,192 complete twin pairs (40% monozygotic, 40% same-sex dizygotic and 20% opposite-sex dizygotic) representing 22 countries. This project demonstrates that large-scale international twin studies are feasible and can promote the use of existing data for novel research purposes.
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| 44. |
- Wang, Li-San, et al.
(författare)
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Rarity of the Alzheimer Disease-Protective APP A673T Variant in the United States.
- 2015
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Ingår i: JAMA neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6157 .- 2168-6149. ; 72:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, a rare variant in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) was described in a population from Iceland. This variant, in which alanine is replaced by threonine at position 673 (A673T), appears to protect against late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD). We evaluated the frequency of this variant in AD cases and cognitively normal controls to determine whether this variant will significantly contribute to risk assessment in individuals in the United States.
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