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- Gillberg, Linn, et al.
(författare)
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Does DNA Methylation of PPARGC1A Influence Insulin Action in First Degree Relatives of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes?
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epigenetics may play a role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and increased DNA methylation of the metabolic master regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) has been reported in muscle and pancreatic islets from T2D patients and in muscle from individuals at risk of T2D. This study aimed to investigate DNA promoter methylation and gene expression of PPARGC1A in skeletal muscle from first degree relatives (FDR) of T2D patients, and to determine the association with insulin action as well as the influence of family relation. We included 124 Danish FDR of T2D patients from 46 different families. Skeletal muscle biopsies were excised from vastus lateralis and insulin action was assessed by oral glucose tolerance tests. DNA methylation and mRNA expression levels were measured using bisulfite sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. The average PPARGC1A methylation at four CpG sites situated 867-624 bp from the transcription start was associated with whole-body insulin sensitivity in a paradoxical positive manner (beta = 0.12, P = 0.03), supported by a borderline significant inverse correlation with fasting insulin levels (beta = -0.88, P = 0.06). Excluding individuals with prediabetes and overt diabetes did not affect the overall result. DNA promoter methylation was not associated with PPARGC1A gene expression. The familiality estimate of PPARGC1A gene expression was high (h(2) = 79 +/- 27% (h(2) +/- SE), P = 0.002), suggesting genetic regulation to play a role. No significant effect of familiality on DNA methylation was found. Taken together, increased DNA methylation of the PPARGC1A promoter is unlikely to play a major causal role for the development of insulin resistance in FDR of patients with T2D.
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| 2. |
- Tønnesen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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Smoking cessation intervention in emergency neurology - introduction of a new practice
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Health Promotion. - 2226-5864. ; 2:2, s. 64-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Emergency neurological patients are rarely given opportunities for smoking and alcohol intervention. How-ever, both are relevant in the acute phase as well as in future rehabilitation.Objectives The aim of this study was primarily to illustrate the implementation of motivational counselling in an acute neurological department and also to predict factors influencing this motivation.MethodsDuring a four-month period, 100 smoking emergency patients, including 18 patients with hazardously drinking patterns, were admitted with acute neurological illness, offered behavioural counselling before discharge, participated in a six week hospital-based smoking cessation or alcohol intervention programme, and followed-up after six months.ResultsOf the 100 patients studied, 87 accepted counselling regarding smoking and 16 patients received counselling for both smoking and alcohol. The younger patients had the highest level of motivation. Sixty (69%) patients were con- tactable at follow-up; of these, 18 patients had continuously quit smoking for six months and the other 15 patients had ceased or reduced their smoking habits. The followed-up group included only 6 (38%) with hazardous drinking patterns. ConclusionThe majority of smokers admitted due to emergency neurological illness accepted an offer for motivational counselling followed by a six week smoking cessation programme. The results indicated that this counselling led a signifi-cant proportion of the patients to cease or reduce their smoking habits.
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