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1.
  • Aabrekk, S., et al. (författare)
  • Deliverable 2.2 Possible market strategies for one stop shops of renovation of single family house. : Report prepared for Nordic Innovation Centre
  • 2012
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The document describes examples of missions, visions and strategies based on the potentialpiloting models defined in report 3.2. It is based on status of interest amongst thestakeholders, and the information, figures and challenges which were discussed in the reportD 2.1 Stakeholder interests. The different service models will request different missionsdepending on the stakeholder in charge of the model. Also visions and strategies could bedifferent depending on the composition of services (core business) offered within each pilot aswell as the additional services offered by sub suppliers and the network connected to the pilot.In the report D2.1 Stakeholders interests, the following 5 different piloting models aresuggested:Type 1 Joint venture of industry, retailers and contractorsType 2 Joint venture of construction/renovation, industry and architect/engineering companiesType 3 Complementary businesses expand their business into renovationType 4 Joint venture of type house producer, bank and home owner associationType 5 Energy/building consultant, real estate agent and financing institutions, e.g. bankIn this report we have described mission, vision and market strategies for 4 existing orproposed models; The Project Manager by Bolig Enøk, from Norway (type 1), ENRA concept(type 2) and K-Rauta & Rautia (type 3) from Finland, and ProjectLavenergi (type 2) fromDenmark. Cleantech by Dong Energy (type 3) from Denmark is also addressed, but notdescribed in detail. As there is no concrete examples representing two of the models fromD2.1 (types 4 and 5), we have made a theoretical exercise in developing mission, vision andmarket strategies for type 5 model, while type 4 is not handled.It may be concluded that there are commercial actors in different parts of the value chainwhich see an opportunity in developing different approaches of “one stop shops” for energyefficient holistic renovations. The concepts are still in a development phase and differ inrespect to how they are organised (as supply side). We may say that the pilots in the differentcountries also find inspiration from each other through this research project. Due to thecomplexity of a holistic renovation project, it is a prerequisite with good partnerships even inthe development phase. In all identified models there is however one main actor taking thelead and ownership to the business model.Independent of the business model the responsible company needs to make some strategicchoices. The starting point is the SWOT analysis which sums up all major challenges for therespective business model. How the strategies should be developed is described in this report.Although the main target group for this report is companies seeing an interest in developingbusiness models for renovation, we found some important issues identified in the SWOTanalysis which the authorities may influence including lack of interest in the market (need ofmore public attention through holistic campaigns), fragmented solutions (stop subsidisingsingle measures without a holistic plan), serious vs unserious companies (need of certificationsystems to build credibility), cost focus leads to limited renovation (need of subventionschemes for holistic retrofitting including tax deduction measures) and finally lack incompetence within companies (need of support to training and collaboration acrosscompanies).
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  • Haavik, Trond, et al. (författare)
  • New business models for holistic renovation solutions of single family houses
  • 2011
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Single family houses represent the biggest potential for energy savings within residential buildingsin the Nordic countries. In earlier research project [1] it highlighted that there is a missing linkbetween the single family house owner and various segregated offers of single solutions forrenovation and/or energy efficiency installations. In the two international research projectsSuccessFamiles and One Stop Shop, establishment of new business models as pilots for bridgingthis gap are now being monitored.Two of the pilots as “one stop shops”, a retailer chain in Finland and a daughter company of aNorwegian manufacturer of insulation, are described and discussed.A key issue for any business model which offers an integrated service from analysis of the houseand recommendations for measures is the trustworthiness of the supplier.As a holistic energy efficient renovation project is a “new” and unknown service to single familyhouse owner and at same time a costly investment, it is important for the suppliers to findadequate ways of communicating through each phase of the buying process. There are variouschallenges in each of the phases which have to be solved differently.
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9.
  • Hemström, Kerstin, et al. (författare)
  • Swedish architects’ perceptions of hindrances to the adoption of wood frames and other innovations in multi-storey building construction
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: SB11 Helsinki World Sustainable Building Conference.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A better understanding of general hindrances to the diffusion of innovations (new products,services, processes, systems, or concepts) in the construction sector may help improve thesustainability of buildings. Adoption of innovations such as multi-storey wood frames may e.g.reduce the primary energy use and carbon dioxide emissions of building construction. This studyuses a web-based questionnaire to collect information on Swedish architects‟ perceptions ofhindrances to the adoption of innovations in building construction in general, and to the adoption ofmulti-storey wood frames in particular. Results show that the most influential hindrances to thegeneral adoption of innovations were perceived as the focus on project costs instead of life-cyclecosts, the economic risk adopting an innovation imply, the focus on traditional engineering models,the construction industry´s tendency to use proven materials and methods, and contractors‟inability to adjust processes. Concrete and steel were perceived as more advantageous than woodwith regards to several aspects influencing the innovativeness of the Swedish construction industry,but wood was perceived as better with regards to opportunities to support local industry. Thearchitects also had more positive perceptions of the performance of concrete and steel in multistoreybuildings, than of wood. While gender and size of company seem to have little influence,perceptions of innovativeness and frame materials vary with age and regions.
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11.
  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Adoption of innovative heating systems – needs and attitudes of Swedish homeowners
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Energy Efficiency. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1570-6478 .- 1570-646X. ; 3:1, s. 1-18
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Questionnaire surveys of Swedish homeowners of detached houses were carried out in 2004 and 2007 to understand their needs and attitudes towards attributes of innovative heating systems (IHSs) comprised of a bedrock heat pump, district heating, or a wood pellet boiler. In each occasion 1,500 homeowners were randomly selected. The response rate was 42% in 2004 and 48% in 2007. Results showed that the majority of the respondents were satisfied with their existing heating system and did not intend to install new systems. Economic factors and functional reliability were the most important factors in the respondents’ choices of heating system, while environmental factors were of lower importance. Among the IHSs, respondents’ had the most favourable attitude towards bedrock heat pumps followed by district heating and pellet boilers. But, the attitude was more favourable towards electric boilers than for pellet boilers. The least favourable attitude was towards oil boilers. Between 2004 and 2007, there was a positive change in respondents’ attitude towards IHSs and electric boilers, and a negative change in attitude towards resistance heaters and oil boilers.
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12.
  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Business models for full service energy efficient renovation of single family houses in Nordic countries
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: ICAE2012. ; , s. 593-602
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In Nordic countries significant primary energy efficiency potential exists in houses built before 1980. These old houses need to be renovated, which provides an opportunity for implementation of energy efficiency measures. However, there are several economic and market barriers and the renovation market are dominated by handicraft-based individual solutions. In this project we analyze the opportunities for implementation of one-stop-shop business models where an overall contractor offers full-service renovation packages including consulting, independent energy audit, renovation work, follow-up (independent quality control and commissioning) and financing.A comparative assessment of emerging business models shows that different types of actors (renovation company, insulation company, energy utility, building product warehouse) can provide such a service. Financing is included in some models. There are differences in how customers are contacted, while the similarities are more on how the service is provided. A main challenge is how to secure independent advising and there is there is uncertainty over who will be responsible for guarantee of the renovation work if the service provider goes bankrupt.Even though there is strong business potential for one-stop-shop energy renovation concept, still it has been somewhat difficult to start or run such a business. Various options to overcome the barriers to promote energy efficient renovation of detached houses are discussed.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Business models for full service energy renovation of single family houses in Nordic countries
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 112, s. 1558-1565
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In Nordic countries significant primary energy saving potential exists in houses built before 1980. These old houses need to be renovated, which provides an opportunity for implementation of energy efficiency measures. However, there are several economic and market hindrances and the renovation markets are dominated by handicraft-based individual solutions. In this paper we have analyzed the opportunities for implementation of one-stop-shop business models where an overall contractor offers full-service renovation packages including consulting, independent energy audit, renovation work, follow-up (independent quality control and commissioning) and financing. A comparative assessment of emerging business models in the Nordic countries shows that different types of actors can provide such a service. Financing is included in some models. There are differences in how customers are contacted, while the similarities are on how the service is provided. Even though there is strong business potential for one-stop-shop energy renovation concept, still it has been somewhat difficult to start or run such a business. Various options to overcome the hindrances to promote energy efficient renovation of detached houses are discussed.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Deliverable 3.1 Report on possible financing schemes for one-stop-shop service for sustainable renovation of single family house : Report prepared for Nordic Innovation Centre
  • 2011
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • There are significant potentials to improve energy efficiency of single-family houses in theNordic countries. Technical solutions exist, but there are market and financial barriers toimplementation of such measures. The aim of the report is to identify financial barriers toimplement energy efficiency measures in Nordic single family houses and to discuss optionsto address those barriers.In the initial phase of a market formation, the targeted potential customers (the “innovators”who are few in numbers) usually have capacity to invest in energy-efficient measures.However, such measures, though cost effective in a life-cycle perspective, often incur highinvestment cost and majority of the consumers tend to stick to the least efficient products.Moreover, a lack of awareness about the possible energy efficiency measures, including theirbenefits, and the uncertainty regarding the level of energy savings due to a lack ofstandardised measurements and verifications protocol may not encourage, both the customersand financiers, to go for energy efficiency investments. Financiers perceive energy efficiencyprojects as risky investments maybe because of their small size, difficulty to control energyuse behaviour of the occupants and the difficulty to predict future energy prices.The options to finance energy efficiency renovations include homeowners’ own resources,mortgage refinancing, flex loan, personal loan, financing by service providers, preferentialloan, subsidies/grants, credit cards, and financing supported by guarantee on energy savings.Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is less likely that the one-stop-shopservice providers in Nordic countries, at present, will give any guarantee on actual savings inenergy use or cost. But, such a concept is emerging in some European countries and could bean option in future.The best option to finance energy efficiency improvements in Nordic countries seems to bethat one-stop-shop service providers collaborate with commercial banks to offer mortgagerefinancing. Such a mechanism is convenient for the homeowners, and banks will have a lessrisky asset in their portfolio. In situations where homeowners cannot avail additionalmortgage financing, e.g. those who recently purchased a house and used the limit to suchloans, banks may consider an energy efficient renovation plan prepared by an entrepreneurand pre-evaluate the post-renovation value of the house. This pre-renovation valuation couldform the basis for the bank to confirm the homeowner and the service provider that certainamount of investment cost would be available from mortgage refinancing. To cover the costthat exceeds the amount available from mortgage financing (or base loan), nationalgovernments may consider to provide soft loans or subsidies.In countries where tax deduction on home renovation is available, amendments should bemade to such programs to incorporate specific requirements regarding energy efficiency ofimplemented measures. Also, higher tax deduction could be offered for energy efficiencyimprovement than for other renovation. Moreover, a simple tool to inform the homeownersabout the cost-efficiency of energy renovation investment would be that banks and utilitiescollaborate to send a joint invoice which contains the monthly cost of mortgage loan and theenergy cost.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Deliverable 3.2 Report on business models for one-stop-shop service for sustainable renovation of single family house : Report prepared for Nordic Innovation Centre
  • 2011
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The aim of the report is to analyze and develop one-stop-shop business models to offer fullservicerenovation packages in the Nordic countries. The report will contribute to identifypotential models that can be tested in pilot studies and will be an important source of marketinformation for companies planning to develop a one-stop-shop concept.In Nordic countries significant primary energy efficiency potential exists in houses builtbefore 1980. These houses are more than 30 years old and need to be renovated. This providesan opportunity for implementation of energy efficiency measures, but the renovation market isdominated by handicraft-based individual solutions. There is a need for one-stop-shopbusiness models where an overall contractor offers full-service renovation packages includingconsulting, independent energy audit, renovation work, follow-up (independent qualitycontrol and commissioning) and financing. There is a significant business potential for such amodel as the renovation market for single-family houses could be in the order of hundreds ofmillion Euros per year in each Nordic country. Homeowners will get an improved qualityrenovated house with little risk or responsibility which usually is the case with traditionalrenovations, the energy cost will be reduced, market value of the house is likely to increase,mortgage banks will have a safer asset and there are societal benefits in terms of reducedenergy use and greenhouse gas emission. However, there is uncertainty over who will beresponsible for guarantee of the renovation work if the service provider goes bankrupt.Insurance companies could be involved to address this issue.A comparative assessment of models proposed in the Nordic countries shows that differenttype of actors may play the key role in a one-stop-shop for energy efficient renovation ofsingle-family houses. In some models the service provider collaborates with financinginstitutions to provide renovation financing. There are differences on how customers arecontacted, while the similarities are more on how the service is provided. A main challenge ishow to secure independent advising.Even though there is strong business potential for one-stop-shop energy renovation concept,still it has been somewhat difficult to start or run such a business. One of the main reasons isthe uncertainties about the customer base. One way to attract more customers is to offersubsidies for energy efficiency measures. In Denmark, Sweden and Finland there are taxdeductions for labour cost for home renovation and other household work. An amendment tosuch programs to incorporate specific requirements regarding energy efficiency ofimplemented measures could be a way to increase homeowners’ interest in energy efficientrenovation. A guarantee on energy or energy cost saving may encourage energy efficientrenovation of houses as energy cost saving is one of the most important factors in thehomeowners’ decision to implement energy efficiency measures. At present it is less likelythat such guarantee will be given as the full service energy renovation concept is yet to betested and not enough experience exists regarding energy savings potential in the context ofvarying household energy behaviour. Highlighting the energy (e.g. cost reduction) and nonenergybenefits (improved thermal comfort or indoor air quality) of energy efficiencyimprovements may create customer interest in energy efficient renovations. Some of theexisting models include financing by the service providers in collaboration with financinginstitutions. To support the mortgage financing of energy efficiency renovations, governmentcould provide soft loans or subsidies to cover the investment cost beyond the mortgage (base)loan.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Energy renovation of single-family houses : importance of economic aspects and suggested policymeasures
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: eceee 2013 Summer Study proceedings. - : European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE). - 9789198048223 ; , s. 529-536
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In Sweden, more than 80% of the single-family houses are more than 30 years old and majority of them need some renovation. This provides opportunities for implementation of energy efficiency measures, which depends on homeowners’ adoption-decision. Results from several surveys by us showed that more than 80% of the Swedish homeowners consider annual energy cost and investment cost to be the two most important factors in the choice of energy efficiency measures. They preferred investment subsidies and tax deduction on energy efficiency measures, but did not like energy and carbon taxes on energy use. We discuss marketing and policy measures to overcome various obstacles to energy renovation of detached houses. A marketing measure is to introduce one-stop-shop business models where a single actor offers all types of services, including financing, required to undertake energy renovations. A national goal for energy efficiency improvements in existing buildings coupled with a list of actions needed to achieve that goal and tailored incentives will help to establish a market for energy renovations. For an owner of detached house, the goal could be set by energy-certificate, and then one-stop-shop service would provide the plan and actions needed to reach the goal.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Enviromental implications of Växjö municipality’s energy requirement for new residential buildings
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Energy Procedia: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED ENERGY, ICAE2014. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 411-414
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Växjö Municipality in Sweden sets specific energy requirements above the national building code while sellingland for new residential buildings. A main energy requirement for Östra Lugnet residential area in Växjö was that allbuildings must be connected to the district heating network. In this paper we analysed final energy use of thebuildings, and compared the primary energy use and CO2 emission from operation of the buildings connected todistrict heating system with hypothetical scenarios where only air-source heat pumps were installed. The resultshowed that district heating is the better option from the perspective of lower carbon emission. Therefore, it seemsappropriate for Växjö Municipality to set conditions for new residential buildings in Östra Lugnet to connect to thelocal district heating network as it contributes to its goal of low carbon society.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Full service energy efficient renovation business for Swedish single-family houses
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of SB11 Helsinki World Sustainable Building Conference.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • More than 80% of the Swedish single-family houses were built prior to 1977 when energyefficiency was introduced in the national building code. These houses are more than 30-40 yearsold and need renovation. This provides a unique opportunity for large-scale implementation ofenergy efficiency measures. However, there is a lack of business model to introduce full serviceenergy efficiency renovation packages that include consulting, contract work, follow-up andfinancing. Under the Nordic project “Successful Sustainable Renovation Business for Single-FamilyHouses – SuccessFamilies”, we have conceptualized a new business model to offer such a fullservice package to the Swedish homeowners. The new business could be offered by existingconstruction/renovation companies in collaboration with energy auditors/building consultants andheating system retailers/installers. The business could be targeted to houses built during 1971-80as the primary energy efficiency potential is significant in this segment. Especially houses that areon sale could be targeted because people usually do indoor renovation when they buy a houseand therefore, they may be interested in energy efficient renovations. Banks may consider postrenovation value of the newly-bought house based on planned renovation package from anentrepreneur to provide increased mortgage finance for renovation. Other options to improveenergy efficient renovation of single family houses include tax subsidies, preferential loans andguarantee on energy or energy cost savings.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • One-stop-shop service for sustainable renovation of single family house : Summary Report
  • 2012
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The Nordic project “Successful Sustainable Renovation Business for Single-Family Houses (SuccessFamilies)”, with participants from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, deals with development of business models for full service energy efficient renovation of detached houses in Nordic countries. The background to this project is that the majority of these houses are more than 30 years old and need to be renovated, which provides opportunity for implementation of energy efficiency measures. The renovation market is dominated by handicraft-based individual solutions. There is a need for onestop-shop business models where an overall contractor offers full-service renovation packages including consulting, independent energy audit, renovation work, independent quality control and commissioning, and financing. There is a significant business potential for such a model as the volume of renovation market for single-family houses can reach hundreds of million Euros per year in each Nordic country. The project team analysed emerging business models to offer full-service renovation packages in the Nordic countries. A comparative assessment shows that different types of actors (renovation company, insulation company, energy utility, building product warehouse) can provide such a service. There are differences in how customers are contacted, while the similarities are more on how the service is provided. A main challenge is how to secure independent advising. Even though there is strong business potential for one-stop-shop energy renovation concept, still it has been somewhat difficult to start or run such a business. Various options to overcome the barriers to promote energy efficient renovation of detached houses are discussed in the final report.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Report on business models for one-stop-shop service for sustainable renovation of single family house, Deliverable D3.2 : Successful Sustainable Renovation Business for Single-Family Houses – SuccessFamilies
  • 2011
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In Nordic countries significant primary energy efficiency potential exists in houses built before 1980. These houses are more than 30 years old and need to be renovated. This provides an opportunity for implementation of energy efficiency measures, but the renovation market is dominated by handicraft-based individual solutions. There is a need for one-stop-shop business models where an overall contractor offers full-service renovation packages including consulting, independent energy audit, renovation work, follow-up (independent quality control and commissioning) and financing. There is a significant business potential for such a model as the renovation market for single-family houses could be in the order of hundreds of million Euros per year in each Nordic country. Homeowners will get an improved quality renovated house with little risk or responsibility which usually is the case with traditional renovations, the energy cost will be reduced, market value of the house is likely to increase, mortgage banks will have a safer asset and there are societal benefits in terms of reduced energy use and greenhouse gas emission. However, there is uncertainty over who will be responsible for guarantee of the renovation work if the service provider goes bankrupt. Insurance companies could be involved to address this issue.The aim of the report is to analyze and develop one-stop-shop business models to offer full-service renovation packages in the Nordic countries. The report will contribute to identify potential models that can be tested in pilot studies and will be an important source of market information for companies planning to develop a one-stop-shop concept.A comparative assessment of models proposed in the Nordic countries shows that different type of actors may play the key role in a one-stop-shop for energy efficient renovation of single-family houses. In some models the service provider collaborates with financing institutions to provide renovation financing. There are differences on how customers are contacted, while the similarities are more on how the service is provided. A main challenge is how to secure independent advising.Even though there is strong business potential for one-stop-shop energy renovation concept, still it has been somewhat difficult to start or run such a business. One of the main reasons is the uncertainties about the customer base. One way to attract more customers is to offer subsidies for energy efficiency measures. In Denmark, Sweden and Finland there are tax deductions for labour cost for home renovation and other household work. An amendment to such programs to incorporate specific requirements regarding energy efficiency of implemented measures could be a way to increase homeowners’ interest in energy efficient renovation.A guarantee on energy or energy cost saving may encourage energy efficient renovation of houses as energy cost saving is one of the most important factors in the homeowners’ decision to implement energy efficiency measures. But, at present it is less likely that such guarantee will be given as the full service energy renovation concept is yet to be tested and not enough experience exists regarding energy savings potential in the context of varying household energy behaviour. However, such concepts exist for industrial and public buildings (the ESCO concept) and are emerging for residential buildings. Highlighting the energy (e.g. cost reduction) and non-energy benefits (improved thermal comfort or indoor air quality) of energy efficiency improvements may create customer interest in energy efficient renovations.One way to kickstart the market is to provide public funding for few demonstration projects to test different business models, e.g. those identified in this report. Such projects will bring together actors interested in one-stop-shop concept and they will gain some experience. In such demonstration projects the full-scale energy renovation actions could be realised in shorter timeframe than in traditional piecemeal renovations. Advertisement of results of successful demonstration projects may attract more customers and entrepreneurs.Existing models in Denmark and Finland include financing by the service providers in collaboration with financing institutions. Still, mortgage financing is the most cost efficient option to finance energy efficiency renovation of single-family houses (Mahapatra et al. 2011). However, the need to selffinance the amount not covered in the mortgage loan may not encourage homeowners to go for energy efficiency renovation. This could be addressed if government provides soft loans or subsidies to cover the investment cost beyond the mortgage (base) loan. Attention should be given to the limitation of mortgage financing for energy efficient renovation of recently bought houses. Banks may consider an energy efficient renovation plan prepared by an entrepreneur and pre-evaluate the postrenovation value of the house in collaboration with real estate agents. This valuation could form the basis for the bank to confirm the homeowner and the entrepreneur that certain amount of investment cost would be covered by mortgage refinancing.
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  • Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • System analysis of and stakeholders’ perceptions on end-use energy efficiency measures for existing Swedish multi-family buildings
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: COBEE 12, International Conference on Building Energy and Environment. Boulder, Colorado, USA, August 1-4.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In Sweden, there is opportunity to implement energy efficiency measures in about one million existing apartments that are likely to be refurbished within the next 20 years. System analyses of installation of energy efficient windows, and increased insulation in attic and in exterior walls for an existing multi-story building showed that the primary energy savings for the measures depend on the energy supply system. Energy efficiency potential was higher with installation of efficient windows than improved attic insulation. Responses of 673 chairpersons of co-operative hosing associations to a mail-in survey in 2010 also showed that greater proportion of respondents perceived that energy efficient windows had advantages over insulation improvements. However, majority had no intention to implement such measures during next 10 years and economic factors guide their decisions. Lack of expertise to assess the benefits of energy efficiency measures was the most cited hindrances to energy efficiency investments.
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27.
  • Tommerup, Henrik, et al. (författare)
  • Existing sustainable renovation concepts, Deliverable D1.1 : Successful Sustainable Renovation Business for Single-Family Houses - SuccessFamilies
  • 2010
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The Nordic single-family house renovation market is dominated by a craftsman based approach with individual solutions, traditional warehouses ”do-it-yourself-shops” and some actors marketing single products. To speed up the implementation of sustainable renovation of single-family houses there is a great need for full-service packages including consulting, contract work, follow-up, financing and operation and maintenance. There are few Nordic examples of such service models for renovation of single-family houses which entered the market recently. The success of these concepts is yet to be evaluated.One successful full-service package described in the report is a campaign by an energy company in Sweden who convinced 78% of 456 owners of houses with resistance heaters to connect to its biomass based district heating network. The campaign was successful because of its package offer and information provision with emphasis on economic aspects and functional reliability.The existing technical renovation concepts, typically focussing on application of only a few of the available technical solutions, have not been successful in realizing large scale energy efficiency gains. Renovation of single-family houses might be carried out based on design solutions with good combinations of the possible range of technical solutions including e.g. “passive (insulation) measures” and “solar measures” in order to reach a low primary energy level. Key aspects of reaching a low primary energy level in connection with renovation are described in the form of typical energy renovation measures and technical principles of low energy renovation including recommended extent of measures.Full service and technical renovation concepts should make it easy, simple and secure for the consumer to invest in a low energy renovation of their house. The building sector needs easy to use knowledge and initiatives which ensures that they can offer solutions which fulfil the demand for quality, economy and a simple process. To speed up the implementation of sustainable renovation of single-family houses, society needs to stimulate the process including better incentives structures, e.g. increased tax on energy and/or subsidy programmes. Combined with an outlook for rising global energy prices, sustainable renovation of single-family houses then has the potential to become an important market area in the future.
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29.
  • Vanhoutteghem, L., et al. (författare)
  • Deliverable 1.2 Analysis of promising sustainable renovation concepts : Report prepared for Nordic Innovation Centre
  • 2011
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The report focuses on analyses of the most promising existing sustainable renovationconcepts, i.e. full-service concepts and technical concepts, for single-family houses. As abasis for the analyses a detailed building stock analysis was carried out. Furthermore, ageneral method as proposal for package solutions for sustainable renovation is described. Themethod contains investigation of the house, proposal for sustainable renovation and detailedplanning as well as commissioning after renovation.The building stock analysis shows that detached single-family houses account for large shareof the total number of dwellings in all Nordic countries. Electric heating (and oil heating) ofsingle-family houses is very common in the Nordic countries, except for Denmark whereoil/gas boiler and district heating is mostly used. Natural ventilation is widespread inDenmark while mechanical ventilation is also often used in Norway, Sweden and Finland.Houses in Norway, Sweden and Finland are typically built with wood as a main constructionmaterial, but the insulation and/or finishing materials differ. In Denmark bricks are used as adominant construction material for cavity walls.The typical single-family houses identified to have large primary energy saving potentialalmost descend from the same time period in each Nordic country. The first segment is housesbuilt in large numbers in the 1960 and 1970. The second segment is houses built before 1940pre-war (except for Finland) where a large part of them has been renovated, but energyrenovation of those houses today would still account for a large energy saving. The thirdsegment is houses from the post-war period in Finland, houses that are all individual but builtin the same way, using the same materials.Existing full-service renovation concepts in the Nordic countries have just recently enteredthe market and are not well established and their success is yet to be evaluated. Companiesmay improve concepts by a more integrated approach and application of the full range oftechnical solutions to ensure the homeowner a sustainable renovation to a reasonable price.Energy efficiency calculations for individual measures for each of the typical single-familyhouses in the Nordic countries were made, and also some examples of cost analysis based onthe criterion of cost of conserved energy (CCE) that takes into account the investment andrunning cost and savings during a defined relevant reference period.Different technical renovation scenarios consisting of energy efficiency measures have beentested for the typical single-family houses with large energy saving potential in each of theNordic countries. Energy efficiency measures in connection with renovation of single-familyhouses have the potential for very large energy savings. In general the analyses show thattypical single-family houses can be renovated to the level of energy performance required fornew houses today or in some cases to low-energy level. Reaching passive house level may bechallenging in old houses. Passive house level was not reached in any of the analysed cases.Positive impact on the indoor environment can be expected. Thermal comfort will beimproved by insulation and air-tightness measures that will increase surface temperatures andreduce draught from e.g. badly insulated windows. A ventilation system with heat recoverywill also contribute to a good thermal comfort by draught-free supply of fresh air and assurean excellent air quality. Overheating can effectively be avoided by external movable solarshadings and/or higher venting rate by use of e.g. automatically controlled windows.
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30.
  • Vanhoutteghem, L., et al. (författare)
  • Deliverable 1.3 Sustainable renovation concepts for single-family houses : Report prepared for Nordic Innovation Centre
  • 2011
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Due to the introduction of low energy standards for new houses as minimum requirements,rising energy prices and generally more focus on energy performance, there is a need for farreachingenergy efficiency improvements in connection with renovation if existing singlefamilyhouses in the Nordic countries are to have competitive power compared to new houseson the future housing market. If the market is able to explain this to the homeowners there isan open market with undreamt-of possibilities. Good technical solutions exist but need to becombined based on the full range of (standard) solutions in order to reach the low primaryenergy level of new houses.The typical single-family houses identified to have large primary energy saving potentialalmost descend from the same time period in each Nordic country. A complete energyefficient renovation of a typical house include post-insulation and sealing of the buildingsenvelope - roof/ceiling, façade, windows/doors and foundation and maybe slab on ground -installation of a mechanical ventilation system with high efficiency heat recovery and lowelectricity use and possibly an energy efficient heating system based on district heating, heatpump etc. This package of technical solutions can be carried out during an overall or step wiseplanned renovation dependent on the condition of the house, the financial possibilities of thehomeowner etc.Calculation of packages of energy efficient renovation solutions targeted the three segmentsof houses show that primary energy use and heating bill can be reduced with up to about 75%or a factor 4 corresponding to the level of a new house or better. It seems that the passivehouse level can not quite be reached with standard solutions. They require that moreambitious measures are applied. The total investment needed to reduce the heating bill by afactor 4 including replacement of e.g. roof and windows is up to EUR 100,000. It is generallydifficult to obtain an economy in balance in the sense that the annual payment on a cheaploan, e.g. mortgage refinancing, to finance the investment is not fully offset by the expectedannual energy savings. Since, the cost of energy measures today may not correspond to theincreased market value of the house, it is important to find mechanisms so that the total costof the energy investments in the future is reflected as an increased value of the house. Butwith due regard to all the non-energy benefits, such as better and healthier indoor environmentand comfort, and less dependence on expected future higher energy prices, energy efficientrenovation will probably still be attractive for the average homeowner.One-stop-shops in the form of full-service providers of energy efficient renovation of singlefamilyhouse are missing in the Nordic countries. This service is vital to open up the market.A one-stop-shop could be seen as a possibility to make it easy for the homeowner to complywith possible future requirements to realize far-reaching energy savings in connection withextensive renovations, provided that the building sector offers the solutions. Homeownersneed someone to take care of all relevant steps necessary for the renovation of the houseincluding quotation for the work, financing and management of the contract work. An idealfull-service concept in five phases is proposed, going from initial evaluation of the house, toextensive analyses, proposal for package solutions, coordinated execution and operation andfinally management of the house after renovation.
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