| 1. |
- Bonakdar, Farshid, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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The Implications of Climate Zones on the Cost-Optimal Level and Cost-Effectiveness of Building Envelope Energy Renovation and Space Heat Demand Reduction
- 2017
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-5309. ; 7:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cost-optimal level of energy performance for buildings shall be identified according to the European directive of 2010. The Swedish building stock needs comprehensive knowledge and an overall strategy for the cost-optimal level of renovation. This paper studies the contribution of Swedish climate zones to the cost-optimal level of renovation on a multi-story residential building in Sweden from the building owner perspective. The building space heat demand is simulated for four Swedish climate zones. The net present profit (NPP) method is defined and used in this study in order to analyze the cost-optimal level and the cost-effective renovation of building envelope components (e.g., attic floor, basement walls, exterior walls and windows). The implication of different discount rates is studied, as well. The results show that the optimum renovation of the building envelope offers 51% more energy savings for space heating when the building is in a northern climate zone compared to a southern zone. The study suggests that different renovation strategies for the building stock renovation need to be identified, separately, for each climate zone. The NPP analysis identifies the minimum required investment and maximum achievable energy savings that are needed to have a cost-effective renovation. The broad range of studied climate zones provides the opportunity to apply the obtained results to other climate zones by either interpolation or extrapolation of NPPs for the buildings with similar characteristics.
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| 2. |
- Bravo, Giangiacomo, et al.
(författare)
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Physical vs. Aesthetic Renovations : Learning from Swedish House Owners
- 2019
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we identify the socio-economic attributes and attitudes that have influencedhouse owners in renovating their homes in the past. Our study is based on responses to an onlinequestionnaire survey of 971 house owners living in Kronoberg County in Sweden. Results showedthat the interest and willingness of the house owners to perform a renovation varied dependingon their demographic background and the age of the house. The latter positively affected pastrenovations, only when combined with the residence time. Furthermore, the age of house ownersstrongly and positively affected the probability of performing aesthetic type of renovations, becauseof a long time of residence in the house. Younger, town living, and highly educated house ownersseem to be more concerned regarding saving energy, which motivated them to perform physicalrenovations on their house. Our results also suggest that income, level of education, and place ofresidence have an effect on renovation decisions only through their effect on the energy concern ofhouse owners, and a varied effect on renovation decisions, when combined with the time of residencein the house.
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| 3. |
- Haus, Sylvia
(författare)
-
Climate impact of the sustainable use of forest biomass in energy and material system : a life cycle perspective
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Human society releases greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere while providing housing, heat, mobility and industrial production. Man-made greenhouse gas emissions are the main causes of climate change, coming mainly from burning fossil fuels and land-use changes. Sustainably managed forests play an important role in climate change mitigation with the prospect of sustainably providing essential materials and services as part of a low-carbon economy, both through the substitution of fossil-intensive fuels and material and through their potential to capture and store carbon in the long-term perspective.The overall aim of this thesis was to develop a methodology under a life cycle perspective to assess the climate impact of the sustainable use of forest biomass in bioenergy and material systems. To perform this kind of analysis a methodological framework is needed to accurately compare the different biological and technological systems with the aim to minimize the net carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and hence the climate impact. In such a comparison, the complete energy supply chains from natural resources to energy end-use services has to be considered and are defined as the system boundaries.The results show that increasing biomass production through more intensive forest management or the usage of more productive tree species combined with substitution of non-wood products and fuels can significantly reduce global warming. The biggest single factor causing radiative forcing reduction was using timber to produce wood material to replace energy-intensive construction materials such as concrete and steel. Another very significant factor was replacing fossil fuels with forest residues from forest thinning, harvest, wood processing, and post-use wood products. The fossil fuel that was replaced by forest biomass affected the reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, with carbon-intensive coal being most beneficial to replace. Over the long term, an active and sustainable management of forests, including their use as a source for wood products and bioenergy allows the greatest potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
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| 4. |
- Hemström, Kerstin, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Architects’ perception of the innovativeness of the Swedish construction industry
- 2017
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Ingår i: Construction Innovation. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1471-4175 .- 1477-0857. ; 17:2, s. 244-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The aim of this paper is to enhance the understanding of architects’ perceptions of the propensityto adopt innovations in building construction.Design/methodology/approach – Based on a theoretical underpinning of the multilevel perspective on socio-technical transitions, a web-based questionnaire (n = 412) was used to empirically investigate Swedish architects’ perceptions of innovativeness in the building construction industry. Specifically, the study looks at perceptions of the level of innovativeness (propensity to adopt innovations), relevant barriers to the adoption of innovations, the influence of different actors and ways of facilitating innovativeness.Findings – Architects perceive a low level of innovativeness in the Swedish building construction industry because of a number of barriers of varying relevance. These barriers belong to interwoven regulative,normative and cognitive rules (i.e. institutions) that guide actor behaviour, which contribute to the path dependency of the industry. The site-specific nature of building construction, promotional activities from suppliers and the level of competition in the industry is perceived as being of little relevance. The findings suggest that a number of interventions are necessary to facilitate innovativeness of the Swedish construction industry. To change the lock-in mechanisms of the established cognitive and normative rules, regulative rulesneed to change as well. According to architects, contractors and construction clients are the most influentialand therefore have the most power to change the rules associated with path dependency.Research limitations/implications – The focus on a single construction professional in Sweden necessitates a discussion on these perceptions from the standpoint of other actors.Practical implications – Architects perceive a need for change in the construction industry and suggestthat changed regulative rules can help overcome path dependency and facilitate innovativeness. Considering the strong interrelatedness of the lock-in mechanisms that guide the actors of the industry, policies may be needed to encourage and support the establishment for more sustainable development.Originality/value – A multilevel perspective is used to analyse the type of barriers to innovativeness that the architects perceive as relevant and how they contribute to the resistance to change and path dependency in the building construction sector.
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| 5. |
- Hemström, Kerstin, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
The sociotechnical regime and Swedish contractor perceptions of structural frames
- 2017
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Ingår i: Construction Management and Economics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0144-6193 .- 1466-433X. ; 35:4, s. 184-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To deepen the understanding of the sociotechnical regime that directs the selection of structural frames in multifamily buildings in Sweden, we study the perceptions of contractor representatives. Contract managers (CMs) employed at contractor firms were interviewed regarding their role, the selection of the structural frame and how they perceived different options. The results show that CMs largely influence the selection of the structural frame in multifamily buildings, which are guided by the established concrete-based sociotechnical regime. The regime is maintained through cognitive rules regarding structural frame options and the alignment of skills of construction professionals. Because of their influence and their investments in the skills of construction workers, CMs make important contributions to maintain the regime and the concrete path dependency. Furthermore, the regime varies in strength in different locations. Some locations carry a strong norm to cast concrete frames on site. This makes it more difficult to deviate from the established practice. In other locations, wood-promoting initiatives have changed the cognitive rules associated with the regime. Nonetheless, the sociotechnical regime makes the selection of concrete structural frames beneficial. This prevents wood-framed multifamily buildings from entering common usage, even though such buildings can contribute to mitigating climate change.
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| 6. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-
(författare)
-
A decision-making framework for enhancing client well-being : When designing windows and blinds
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The current state of window and blind design moves beyond evaluating a single function, such as energy consumption, to include a human perspective in architectural design approach to create value. A current thought among architects and design professionals is that the highest value outcomes can be obtained when any architectural design contributes to enhanced well-being. Previous studies show that an individual’s well-being is determined by five main life domain factors: health, economy, personality, demographic variables and behavior variables. However, the life domain factors health and economy show stronger and more positive correlations to well-being. At this point, value creation within architectural design context, including window and blind design, can be seen as an attempt to enhance well-being by improving health and providing economic benefits for clients. Clients can represent i) owners who own a built asset, ii) investors who commit capital and expect to obtain financial return, or iii) occupants who live or work in the building every day. In the context of owner-occupied buildings, the value creation process is mainly seen as an attempt to enhance well-being for one entity by improving health and providing economic benefits. When considering investment properties or assets held for sale, the value creation process is mainly translated into an attempt to enhance well-being for several entities by improving health for occupants and providing economic benefits for owners and/or investors.Selecting a window and blind design to enhance client well-being remains a challenging task due to three main difficulties. The first difficulty relates to the contradictory effects of windows and blinds on visual and thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. The second difficulty is the availability of a variety of window and blind designs in different sizes, positions and forms, making the selection of windows and blinds an intricate decision challenge for architects and designers. The third difficulty involves decisions about the selection of windows and blinds that should include all criteria and their interactions simultaneously.To resolve the abovementioned difficulties, this research applied the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) as a multi-criteria decision-making method to select a window and blind design based on a trade-off between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. The analyses of results show the capability of AHP in resolving difficulties, however its application is mainly limited to a small number of designs. To overcome this limitation, a decision-making framework was developed based on integration between non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) as an optimization algorithm and AHP. The strength and limitations of the decision-making framework were later tested by employing it in window and blind design practice. To investigate further benefits from the implementation of the framework, it was expanded by evaluating additional building envelopes, i.e. windows as well as external walls, roof and floor constructions, which made it possible to select a trade-off construction solution. The analyses of results show the framework’s ability to resolve difficulties and locate a trade-off design in a relatively short period of time. However, the decision-making framework only allows the analysis of the objective criteria for evaluating visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. This is because it is necessary to rely on the creativity of the architects and designers when designing windows and blinds in order to consider subjective issues. The decision-making framework can be used either by design teams or customer service experts in window manufacturing companies. A literature study was therefore conducted to extend the technology acceptance model and thereby investigate the determinants of framework user acceptance of the decision-making framework. The results showed that organizational, individual, technological and environmental characteristics were the most influential external variables when investigating determinants of framework user acceptance of the framework. Organizational characteristics included top management support, training, organizational culture, and organizational size, while individual characteristics included the users’ previous knowledge and experience. Technological characteristics embraced information quality and system quality, meanwhile environmental characteristics comprised fulfillment of regulations and competitiveness.
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| 7. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
A framework for selecting a suitable window design
- 2016
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Ingår i: Presented at BuildSim-Nordic conference, Trondheim, Norway, September 26-27, 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Application of analytical hierarchy process for selecting an interior window blind
- 2017
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Ingår i: Architectural Engineering and Design Management. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1745-2007 .- 1752-7589. ; 13:4, s. 308-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Window blinds have a substantial role in shaping the energy consumption and improving thermal comfort and visual comfort. However, difficulties in selecting a window blind remain, due to existence of potential conflicts between visual, thermal, energy and life cycle cost. To overcome this problem, this study evaluates the performance of interior blinds, including venetian with slat of 0° and 45°, roller and double pleated blinds with respect to visual, thermal, energy and life cycle cost. Later, the Analytical hierarchy method (AHP) is used for selecting the best blind based on trade-off among the visual, thermal, energy and life cycle cost. In using AHP, visual comfort is determined as most important objective with a weight of 52%. The results show that venetian blind with slat of 0° drawn 100% is the trade-off blind. Accomplishing the sensitivity analysis on blinds’ global weight shows that venetian blind with slat of 0° drawn 100% remains the trade-off blind until the weight of energy and life cycle cost is below 37% and 57% respectively and the weight of visual comfort is above 4%. However, changing thermal comfort weight has no impact on ranking of the blinds. This study shows the capability of AHP in managing the conflicts.
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| 9. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Applying a decision-making framework for resolving conflicts when selecting windows and blinds
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Architectural Engineering and Design Management. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1745-2007 .- 1752-7589. ; 15:5, s. 382-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The selection of the most appropriate window and blind design is a challenging task due to the existence of potential conflicts between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. Resolving these conflicts relies on a trade-off window and blind design. This research applied a decision-making framework to select a trade-off window and blind design for an office room in Sweden. The decision-making framework was developed based on integrating the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II and the analytical hierarchy process. The first step in the application of the framework was to generate a model of the office room using EnergyPlus. Six types of window and four types of blind; an internal venetian blind, an internal roller curtain, an external venetian blind and an external overhang panel, were modelled in EnergyPlus. The second step was to run an optimisation using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II. For this purpose, various window and blind design variables were specified in modeFRONTIER platform. The third and last step in the application of the decision-making framework was to select a trade-off window and blind design using analytical hierarchy process. The results show the strength of the decision-making framework in selecting a trade-off design, and thereby the ability to resolve conflicts through intelligent use of simulation in analyzing big-data in built environment, energy and cost sectors. Since, the computation and processing power for performing simulations is constantly increasing, architects and designers can exploit the decision-making framework and locate a trade-off design in a relatively short period of time.
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| 10. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparing the profitability of various renovation packages in Swedish residential building sector : case study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sustainable built environment conference (SBE 2019). 6-7 August, Tokyo, Japan.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish government adopted national targets to reduce total energy consumption and mitigate environmental impacts. At this point, detached houses play an important role, since they account for a large share of dwelling stock in this country. The majority of these buildings are affected by technical deteriorations in building envelopes and heating, ventilation and air condition systems. Accordingly, there is a need for a deep renovation strategy, which covers both energy efficiency measures and economic issues. Additionally, a deep renovation can improve indoor climate, which contributes to the enhanced health and wellbeing. Thus, the aim of this study is to compare the efficiency of eight different renovation packages in reducing energy consumption and providing economic benefits in a detached house in Sweden. The renovation packages include 1) improving the U-value of building envelopes; 2) adding a heat recovery for ventilation system; 3) installing a ground source heat pomp for supporting heat demand and domestic hot water; 4) combination of renovation package 1 and 2; 5) combination of renovation package 1 and 3; 6) combination of renovation package 2 and 3; 7) combination of renovation package 1, 2 and 3; and 8) combination of renovation package 1, 2, 3 along with installing photovoltaic cells for producing electricity. The reduction in energy consumption was calculated in kWh/m². year for each renovation package, while the economic benefit was obtained by calculating the payback period during a lifespan of 50 years and internal rate of return with interest rates of 1%, 3% and 6%. The results indicate that renovation package 8 has the highest potential in reducing total energy consumption, while renovation package 3 is the most profitable solution since it provides the shortest payback period with the highest internal rate of return. The results help to define and project efficient energy policies in Sweden.
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| 11. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Developing a decision-making framework for resolving conflicts when selecting windows and blinds
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Architectural Engineering and Design Management. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1745-2007 .- 1752-7589. ; 15:5, s. 357-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Windows and blinds play a significant role in both shaping energy consumption and enhancing indoor comfort. But there are still difficulties with selecting windows and blinds due to the existence of potential conflicts between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life-cycle cost. A literature review was conducted with the purpose of developing a decision-making framework that resolves the conflicts, and allows selecting a window and blind design based on trade-off between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life-cycle cost. The decision-making framework was developed by integrating non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II as an optimization algorithm with analytical hierarchy process as a multi-criteria decision-making method. The optimization algorithm considers different window and blind design variables and analyses multiple designs, while the multi-criteria decision-making method ranks the optimization results and selects a trade-off design. An operating package enabled the decision-making framework to be automated. The operating package was obtained by coupling EnergyPlus as a simulation tool and modeFRONTIER as an integration platform. The decision-making framework was developed to select a trade-off window and blind design through intelligent use of simulation in analysing big-data in built environment, energy and cost sectors. Application of the framework ensures the minimum visual and thermal comfort thresholds with the lowest energy demand and cost. Architects and designers can use the framework during the design or renovation phase of residential and commercial buildings.
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| 12. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Multivariate linear regression model for estimating average daylight illuminance
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advanced Science Letters. - : Ingenta Connect. - 1936-6612 .- 1936-7317. ; 23:7, s. 6163-6167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Window design and the selection of glazing system have significant effect on daylight illuminance. Occupants’ productivity is highly dependent on daylight, as it associates with numerous health advantages. Hence conducting a systematic investigation considering the performance of various window designs and glazing systems is highly important at the early stage of design process. For this purpose, this study attempts to develop a multivariate linear regression model for estimating the average daylight illuminance. To perform the simulations, an office room prototype was modelled by COMFEN 5Beta software. The prototype is a hypothetical office room, as its size, HVAC system and envelopes construction are based on the common practice in construction in Sweden. Because average daylight illuminance is sensitive to window size, orientation, glazing system, design model and position, 544 simulations were performed based on thses variable to create an extensive dataset. A multivariate linear regression model was developed based on 90% dataset, which was chosen randomly. The obtained R² value was exceeded 96%, which shows an excellent fit for the developed model. The interaction between variables was also studied. The remaining 10% of dataset was utilized for validating the developed model. The validity of the model was further compared with another multivariate linear regression model, developed based on 50% of the dataset.The results show the effectiveness of multivariate linear regression models in supporting architects and predicting average daylight illuminance in early stage of design analysis.
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| 13. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Profitability of various energy supply systems when renovating a single-family house in Sweden : case study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Conference on Applied Energy (ICAE 2019). August 12-15, Västerås, Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of single-family houses in Sweden are affected by deteriorations in building envelopes as well as heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, since they are about 30 years old. Theses house are therefore in need of extensive renovation, which provides an excellent opportunity to incorporate energy efficiency measures to reduce both the energy consumption and also operational. Although former studies analyzed the cost effectiveness of various renovation packages, they mainly excluded the evaluation of energy price implications on cost effectiveness of different renovation package in Sweden. Accordingly, this study considers three energy prices and quantifies the payback period (PBP) and internal rate of return (IRR) of the packages, when renovating a single-family house in Sweden. The renovation packages included three distinct energy supply systems, commonly installed when implementing energy renovations: ground source heat pump (GSHP), photovoltaic solar panels (PV), and an integrated GSHP and PV system. The analyses of results show that a the GSHP system provides higher IRR and the lowest PBP compared to the other two renovation packages, due to its high performance in reducing energy consumption and its relatively low investment cost. Furthermore, results show that raising the energy price can increase the IRR and reduce the PBP of the renovation packages and respectively. Moreover, increasing the interest rate adds on PBP of renovation packages, since it depreciates the cost for saved energy.
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| 14. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
The most cost-effective energy solution in renovating a multi-family house
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Cold Climate HVAC 2018, The 9th International Cold Climate Conference Sustainable new and renovated buildings in cold climates Kiruna – Sweden 12-15, March 2018. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030006617
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish government aims to reduce total energy demand per heated building area by 50% until 2050. A large number of residential buildings, built within the so-called “Million homes program” in Sweden, need major renovations, which offers an opportunity to implement energy efficiency measures and thereby, reduce total energy demand. The best way to encourage the implementation of a major renovation is to demonstrate a practical method which reduces energy demand and provides economic benefits. Hence, this study aims to determine the most cost-effective energy solution in renovating a multi-family residential building. Multiple energy renovation measures were simulated on a case study to reduce the space heating and domestic hot water by 50%. The case study building was built within the “Million homes program” and is located in Växjö, Swedish climate zone 3. Design Builder software was used for analysing the pre-renovation energy performance of the building. The renovation measures comprised different insulation thicknesses of external walls, attic and ground floors, windows with different U-values, a mechanical ventilation with heat recovery system, and solar system for supporting space heating and domestic hot water. Later, a multi-objective optimization was accomplished for analysing every possible combination of renovation measures. The most cost-effective energy solution was obtained by calculating the net present value in a lifetime of 30 and 50 years and discount rate of 1%, 3% and 5%. Comparing the implications of two different lifetimes on net present value with implications of three different discount rates on net present value shows that lifetime has more influence on net present value. Furthermore, the results show the capability of the multi-objective optimization method in analysing multiple renovation solution.
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| 15. |
- Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-
(författare)
-
Windows and blinds selection for enhancing subjective well-being
- 2017
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Earlier studies in the context of windows and blinds selection have mostly tried to increase the awareness regarding various effects of windows and blinds selection on subjective well-being, including their effect on visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. However, the main problem is the potential conflicts between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. Increased awareness about the contradictory effect of windows and blinds selection on subjective well-being on one hand and lack of a feasible method in managing the conflicts on the other hand may bind individuals, as decision-makers, in a situation where they follow the immediate economic benefits rather than the long-term visual and thermal benefits. To solve the mentioned problem, this study analysed first the degree of the conflicts between average daylight illuminance and total energy consumption in Sweden. This decision was made due to large variation in solar elevation angle and solar intensity between summer and winter in Sweden, which has significant effects on daylight illuminance and total energy consumption. Analysing the conflicts was accomplished by developing two multivariate linear regression models for calculating average daylight illuminance and total energy consumption. Comparison and analysis of the multivariate linear regression models showed the existence of a high degree of conflicts, which makes window and blind selection a rather complex multidimensional problem. Specifying the degree of the conflicts formed a hypothesis as: “A multi criteria decision-making method increases the controllability and manages the conflicts in selecting windows and blinds”. The developed hypothesis was later tested by employing analytical hierarchy process, as widely used multi criteria decisionmaking method. The analytical hierarchy process prioritizes decision-maker’ preferences and introduces a desired trade-off solution. The results of employing analytical hierarchy process showed the capability of it in managing the conflicts among visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. Finally, the application of the analytical hierarchy process was expanded by integrating it with nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II, as an optimization algorithm. Through this integration, optimization algorithm combines windows’ and blinds’ design variables and analyses a large number of solutions, while analytical hierarchy process ranks the solutions based on decision-makers’ preferences and introduces a desired trade-off solution. The integration between analytical hierarchy process and the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II was presented later as a conceptual framework. The developed conceptual framework can be used for selecting windows and blinds II in both residential and commercial buildings. In selecting windows and blinds, the conceptual framework is a novel solution to the lack of a feasible method for increasing the controllability for decision-makers and obtaining a desired trade-off solution.
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| 16. |
- Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
A behavioral change-based approach to energy efficiency in a manufacturing plant
- 2018
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Ingår i: Energy Efficiency. - : Springer. - 1570-646X .- 1570-6478. ; 11:5, s. 1103-1116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the realm of industrial energy efficiencystudies, very little research has been done to understandthe barriers and opportunities to influence behavior ofproduction workers and the corresponding energysavingpotentials. This paper analyzes a case study ofVolvo Construction Equipment AB in Braås, Sweden(VCE Braås), that has reduced its relative idle electricityuse by more than 10 percentage points during 2013–2016 by implementing a strategy of changing everydaybehavior of production workers. The results based oninterviews with actors involved in the energy efficiencyproject showed that a concrete goal, the employment ofa fulltime operational leader who earlier worked as aproduction worker at VCE Braås, and the involvementof both the leadership and employees in project managementwere key to the success of the project.
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| 17. |
- Mahapatra, Krushna, Professor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Behavioural change based energy efficiency at Volvo Construction Equipment, Braås, Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial Efficiency 2016. - : European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE). - 9789198048285 - 9789198048292 ; , s. 351-357
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Industrial energy efficiency studies have mostly focused on innovative technological approaches and solutions and discussed hindrances to investments oriented measures. However, very little research has been done to understand the challenges of implementing interventions to change employee behavior and the corresponding energy savings potentials. Behaviour may be investment (e.g. decision to buy an expensive machine) or non-investment (e.g. turn of machines when not in operation) in nature, but in this paper behavioral change refers to the transformation in executing everyday non-investment tasks. Volvo Construction Equipment AB in Braås, Sweden (VCE Braås) has recently implemented a behavioral change strategy to improve energy efficiency of the production process. The approach was introduced following the global Volvo CE goal that all production plants of the company would reduce idle electricity use during off-production hours to 15 % (from 25 % to 40 % in different plants) during the period 2013-15. This paper analyzes the factors contributing to the energy efficiency achievements of VCE Braås through the application of behavioral change theories and focus group interviews with production leaders and group leaders. Results showed that a concrete goal, the commitment of the leadership including employment of a fulltime project leader who earlier worked as a production worker at VCE Braås, and the involvement of both the leadership and employees (production leaders, group leaders and floor workers) in project management were key to the success of the project.
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| 18. |
- Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
Energy performance of two multi-storey wood-frame passive houses in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-5309. ; 5, s. 1207-1220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two eight-story wood-framed residential buildings with the Swedish 2012passive house standard were built in 2009 in the Portvakten Söder quarter in the city of Växjöin Sweden. In this paper, we present the monitored specific energy use of the buildings andcompare to the requirements of the Swedish building code and recommendation for passivehouses. We also estimated the primary energy use and CO2 emissions and investigated thetenants’ views and experiences of the two buildings. Results show that the actual specificenergy use of 40.2 kWh/m2Atemp/year in the Portvakten Söder building fulfills, by a goodmargin, the requirements of the Swedish building code and the recommended passive housestandard, but is higher than projected. Applying a marginal perspective, the calculatedprimary energy use and carbon dioxide emission from operating the buildings (excludinghousehold electricity) was 40 kWh/m2Atemp/year and zero, respectively. Responses of 20 tenantsto a mail-in questionnaire survey showed that over 90% were satisfied with their apartments.
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| 19. |
- Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-
(författare)
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Energy use and CO2 emission of new residential buildings built under specific requirements : The case of Växjö municipality, Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 152, s. 31-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Växjö municipality sets specific energy related requirements beyond the Swedish building code (BBR) when selling land for the construction of new residential buildings. The requirement for Östra Lugnet residential area was that all buildings must be connected to the local district heating network and installation of heat pumps was prohibited in developer-built group/row houses. This paper (a) analyzed if the energy use of the buildings fulfilled the requirements of the BBR and that of Växjö municipality, and (b) compared the primary energy use and CO2 emission from operation of the district heated buildings with hypothetical scenarios where only air-source or bedrock heat pumps were installed. Results showed that a significant proportion of the group/row houses did not fulfil the specific energy use requirements of the BBR and that of Växjö municipality. There were large variations between predicted and actual energy use. Using a marginal accounting approach, houses with district heating were found to have the lowest carbon emission. From this perspective it seems appropriate for Växjö municipality to set the requirement that new residential buildings in Östra Lugnet be connected to the local district heating network.
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| 20. |
- Mahapatra, Krushna, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Homeowners’ attitude towards one-stop-shop business concept for energy renovation of detached houses in Kronoberg, Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Innovative Solutions for Energy Transitions. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 3702-3708
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on an online questionnaire survey, this paper analyses the attitude of homeowners in Kronoberg, Sweden towards energy renovation and one-stop shop (OSS) services for the deep renovation of detached houses. Personal and contextual variables have been analysed to know who have renovation plan, what motivates them to renovate and if there is an interest in OSS concept. Results have shown that at present a very small section of the homeowners' have deep renovation plan. The priority is rather on aesthetic renovation than energy renovation. Younger homeowners below 36 years could be the first potential customer segment for deep renovation. The attitude towards OSS business concept of one entrepreneur-offering package solutions currently is not so encouraging. There is a need to demonstrate a cost-efficient OSS business concept for deep renovation ensuring the quality of the work to accelerate the deep renovation under such a business concept.
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| 21. |
- Mainali, Brijesh, Dr, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Criteria based approach for assessment of policy instruments for deep renovation of residential building in the Netherlands
- 2019
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Ingår i: ECEEE Summer Study proceedings. - : European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE). - 9789198387841 ; , s. 599-606
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The building sector is responsible for more than 40 % of the energy use and 32 % of carbon dioxide emissions in the European Union (EU). Previous research has shown that the present rate of energy retrofit and refurbishment in Europe is far below (<50 %) than that is required to meet the EU's building related energy efficiency goals for 2020. Appropriate policy interventions for deep renovation is perceived as a catalytic agent in promoting energy efficiency and leveraging more investments in the building sector. EU directives regarding Energy Efficiency reflects in various member states' national targets and policy measures to improve the energy performance of the existing building stocks. Economic policy instruments seem to be influential in steering the deep renovation market, but this alone may not be sufficient for the sustainable growth of the market. There is a need for market-based approach to enhance the private sector involvement, both in terms of technical and financial capabilities. This paper evaluates the policy instrument used for promoting deep renovation of residential buildings in the Netherlands. A "Theory-based evaluation" technique has been used in analyzing the content of the policy instrument, and the underlying theories and policies, at output and impact level. A set of the evaluation criteria have been applied for assessing such policy instruments in leveraging energy efficiency investments and their effectiveness in terms of energy savings. The assessments are done based on the meta-analysis of relevant literature and data sources, and finalized in consultation with the Dutch partners from INNOVATE (Integrated solutions for ambitious energy refurbishment of private housing) project under Horizon 2020. Further, the challenges for scaling up such existing effort for the sustainable growth of the deep renovation market has been explored.
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| 22. |
- Mainali, Brijesh, Dr, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Existing Market for Deep Energy Renovation in Sweden and Denmark
- 2018
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Ingår i: Advanced Building Skins. - Wilen (Sarnen) : Advanced Building Skins. ABS. - 9783952488348 ; , s. 576-580
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Buildings are responsible for 40% of energy consumption and 36% of CO2 emissions in the EU. Sweden andDenmark are cold climatic countries with strong demand for space heating and hot water in the residentialsector. Large section of the detached houses in these countries are built more than 30 years ago and needrefurbishment. Despite of huge energy saving potentials with deep renovation of these houses, there existsseveral challenges in realizing those saving potentials. This paper evaluates the market for deep renovation ofsingle-family houses in these two Nordic countries using PEST and SWOT analysis. Comparative analysisbetween two countries will help to understand the common and country specific drivers and barriers and todevelop strategic recommendation in accordance.
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| 23. |
- Munkacsi, Noemi, Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Communication and Household Adoption of Heating Products in Hungary
- 2019
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 12:2, s. 1-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Existing studies of heating products have analyzed the adoption of energy-efficient heating technologies from diverse micro and macroeconomic aspects, such as diffusion of innovation, willingness to pay, business models, energy pricing, etc., but the analysis from a marketing management approach based on end customer insight is still lacking. Understanding the decision-making process of end customers, and the influence of social environment at the diverse stages of the purchase process leads to a focused market strategy, thereby contributes toward overcoming the multi-level segmentation challenge faced by the manufacturers of heating products. In this context, a two-step exploratory research was conducted in December 2013 with end customers of the residential heat market in Hungary. The end customers were found to be active decision-makers engaged in deliberate planning in the purchase of heating products. They start searching for information by turning mainly to online information sources and they actively integrate their social network in all stages of the decision-making process, which means that the role of the installer is relatively less influential along the whole purchasing process. Identified influencing communication channels at the diverse stages of the purchase process may support manufacturers to develop a user-centric marketing strategy by optimizing the communication instruments in their marketing mix by, for instance, including direct end customer communication via online channels and by de-emphasizing offline communication channels.
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| 24. |
- Munkacsi, Noemi, et al.
(författare)
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The role of social influence in the end customer purchasing decisions on the heat market
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings from eceee Summer Studies. - : European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE). - 9789198387810 - 9789198387803
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to examine the role of social influence on the end customer behaviour in the purchase of heating products in residential segment. The study is based on interviews and questionnaire survey of homeowners in Hungary in 2013. Respondents are open to learn about diverse innovative heating technologies, energy types and diverse heating fuels irrespective of any purchase intention. They plan their purchase based on deliberate considerations rather than facing an emergency heating appliance breakdown. Furthermore, influence of the social environment prevails at the diverse stages of the purchase process. End customers actively conduct social search (family, friends, neighbours, colleagues, other customers with purchase experience over the Internet, etc.) besides the influencing role of the installer.
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| 25. |
- Pardalis, Georgios, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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One-stop-shop as an innovation, and construction SMEs : a Swedish perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Innovative Solutions for Energy Transitions. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 2737-2743
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the views of construction SMEs in Sweden regarding innovations, in particular the one-stop-shop business concept,and its adoption for renovation of detached house. The investigation is based on interviews with 10 construction SMEs and by applying aconceptual framework for organizational innovation adoption. The results suggest that, even though the one-stop-shop businessconcept is perceived as a means for growth, at present, construction SMEs in Sweden are unlikely to adopt it at present. This lackof interest is mostly related to the perceived complexity of this model and the underlying risks and uncertainties. That complexity isseen as a preventing factor as it puts at stake their current business. The interviewees proposed that there should be an entrepreneur to coordinate the actors involved in the renovation process, whose role can be further studied.
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| 26. |
- Pardalis, Georgios, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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One-stop-shop as an innovation, and preparedness to adopt it : a study on house renovation stakeholders in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Advanced Building Skins. - Wilen (Sarnen) : Advanced Building Skins. ABS. - 9783952488348 ; , s. 567-569
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study examines the views of stakeholders involved in house renovations regarding the one-stop-shop business concept innovation, and assesses their level of preparedness to adopt such a concept in order to enter the promising market of detached house renovations. The investigation is based on 25 interviews with construction SMEs owners, real estate agents and loan consultants, and on a conceptual framework for organizational innovation adoption. The results suggest that for the nonce, none of the examined stakeholdersis likely to adopt a one-stop-shop business model to enter the market of detached house renovations, even though this concept is seen as one with great potential. This mostly happens due to their individual characteristics, the complexity of one-stop-shop model related to their way of doing business and the uncertainties deriving from the adoption of such a model. Furthermore, the participation of an entrepreneur is proposed, who would coordinate all the different actors involved in the renovation process, and whose role can be further examined.
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| 27. |
- Pardalis, Georgios, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Renovation of detached houses in Sweden : Can one-stop-shop provide a solution?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Presented at: International Conference on Sustainability in Energy and Buildings SEB-19.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on an online survey, this paper analyzes the attitude of house owners in Sweden towards future renovations and one-stop-shop (OSS) services for deep renovation of detached houses. With the aid of a house owners’ decision-making journey for renovation, personal and contextual variables have been analyzed to identify those house owners having renovation plans in the near future, what they are going to renovate, and which needs led them to that decision. Furthermore, we examine if there is an interest in OSS concept. Results suggest that deep renovation is not yet prioritized. The priority for house owners is to change specific components of their dwelling and follow a step-wise approach. Aesthetic renovations are high on the agenda, with some structural and energy-related renovations following them. House owners between 29- 49 years of age could be the customer segment to target for deep renovations. The OSS concept seems interesting to a number of house owners, who can form an early adopters segment that could develop the market. There is a need for a cost-efficient OSS concept for deep renovations, ensuring the quality of work, and the optimization of financial products and tax incentives to accelerate the deep renovation market.
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| 28. |
- Pardalis, Georgios, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish House Owners’ Intentions Towards Renovations : Is there a Market for One-Stop-Shop?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Buildings. - Basel : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 9:7, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we examine factors aecting owners’ intention for renovation of their detached houses. Furthermore, we analyze their interest in choosing a one-stop-shop (OSS) service for the renovation, even though such a concept is not yet established in Sweden, but emerging in other parts of Europe. Our study is based on responses to an online questionnaire survey of 971 house owners residing in Kronoberg Region in Sweden. About 76% of the respondents intend to renovate in the near future, with approximately 71% of them preferring to renovate individual components of their dwelling and 5% to renovate their whole house in steps. House owners of younger age, higher income, higher education, and those with an interest for environmental issues, were the ones most interested in physical renovations, which improves energy efficiency of the building. For those house owners, one-stop-shop can facilitate the decision-making process, and help them to choose those measures that will improve their quality of life. Approximately 20% of the respondents had a positive view towards an one-stop-shop, which is an indicator that market for such a service exists. Parameters such as quality of work, cost and energy savings and specification of measures to be adopted are the key for the promotion of one-stop-shop. Additionally, house owners want to have a certain level of involvement in the selection of actors performing the renovation. Moreover, financial incentives, e.g., loans, do not play a significant role for the selection of one-stop-shop, but act as complementary motive for house owners.
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