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| 2. |
- Perot, B., et al.
(författare)
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The EURITRACK project : Development of a tagged neutron inspection system for cargo containers
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. - : SPIE. - 0819462691 - 9780819462695
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EURopean Illicit TRAfficing Countermeasures Kit project is part of the 6th European Union Framework Program, and aims at developing a neutron inspection system for detecting threat materials (explosives, drugs, etc.) in cargo containers. Neutron interaction in the container produces specific gamma-rays used to determine the chemical composition of the inspected material. An associated particle sealed tube neutron generator is developed to allow precise location of the interaction point by direction and time-of-flight measurements of the neutrons tagged by alpha-particles. The EURITRACK project consists in developing: a transportable deuterium-tritium neutron generator including a position sensitive alpha detector (8×8 matrix of YAP:Ce crystals coupled to a multi-anode photomultiplier), fast neutron and gamma-ray detectors, front-end electronics to perform coincidence and spectroscopic measurements, and an integrated software which manages neutron generator and detectors positioning, data acquisition and analysis. Hardware components have been developed and tested by the consortium partners. Current status of this work and provisional performances of the system assessed by Monte Carlo calculations are presented.
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| 3. |
- Perot, B., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of 14 MeV neutron-induced prompt gamma-ray spectra from 15 elements found in cargo containers
- 2008
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 66:4, s. 421-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the EURopean Illicit TRAfficking Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) project, the gamma-ray spectra produced in a series of materials by 14-MeV tagged-neutron beams have been collected in the inspection portal equipped with large volume Nal(Tl) detectors, in order to build a database of signatures for various elements: C, N, O, Na, Al, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb. The measured spectra have been compared with prediction from Monte Carlo simulations to verify the consistency of the relevant nuclear data inputs. This library of measured 14-MeV neutron-induced gamma-ray spectra is currently used in a data processing algorithm to unfold the energy spectra of the transported goods into elementary contributions, thus allowing material identification.
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| 4. |
- Rappolt, M., et al.
(författare)
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Non-equilibrium formation of the cubic Pn3m phase in a monoolein/water system
- 2006
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Ingår i: Europhysics letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 0295-5075 .- 1286-4854. ; 75:2, s. 267-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time-resolved small-angle X-ray diffraction experiments have been carried out to investigate the transformation from the cubic gyroid Ia3d to the cubic diamond Pn3m phase. The transition was induced by rapid addition of water to a monoolein/water system changing the initial water concentration of 26% w/w to excess of water conditions. The transformation proceeds in two steps: at the beginning, the two cubic mesophases have a strongly differing lipid/water composition and are accompanied by an intermediate phase. This phase vanishes as the ratio of cell parameters exceeds 1.50. Thereafter, the transition continues by a direct nearly isoareal transformation of the cubic minimal surfaces. Lateral area per lipid molecule, molecular shape and principle curvatures are about the same in this regime.
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| 5. |
- Viesti, G., et al.
(författare)
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Scanning cargo containers with tagged neutrons
- 2007
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Ingår i: 7th Latin American Symposium on Nuclear Physics and Applications. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0735404615 - 9780735404618 ; , s. 57-62
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new Tagged Neutron Inspection System (TNIS) able to detect illicit materials such as explosives and narcotics in cargo containers has been developed within the EURopean Illicit TRAfficing Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) project. After the R&D phase, the inspection portal has been installed and commissioned at the Rijeka seaport in Croatia, where it has been operated in connection with the existing X-ray scanner for a first two-month demonstration campaign. Results obtained are presented and discussed in this paper.
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| 6. |
- Mecocci, P, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive Impairment Is the Major Risk Factor for Development of Geriatric Syndromes during Hospitalization : Results from the GIFA Study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - Basel : Karger. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 20:4, s. 262-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To detect the main factors associated with the occurrence of specific geriatric syndromes (namely pressure sores, fecal incontinence, urinary incontinence and falls) in elderly patients during hospitalization. Design: Observational prospective study. Setting: Eighty-one community and university hospitals throughout Italy. Participants: 13,729 patients aged 65 years and more, consecutively admitted to medical or geriatric acute wards during 20 months in the period between 1991 and 1998. Measurements: Occurrence of pressure sores, fecal incontinence, urinary incontinence and falls during the stay in hospital. Results: Pressure sores were already present in 3% of hospitalized subjects, fecal incontinence in 7.3%, while urinary incontinence, evaluated on a subgroup of total population (4,268 subjects), had a prevalence of 22.3%. During hospitalization (mean stay of 15 days), 74 subjects developed new pressure sores, 55 became fecal and 35 urinary incontinent, and 279 subjects had at least one episode of fall. In multivariate analyses, cognitive impairment, advanced age (85+ years), length of stay (more than 3 weeks) and severe disability were the main independent predictors of development of the four geriatric syndromes, with cognitive impairment as the most significant risk factor for all the four outcomes (OR 4.9, 95% CI 2.4–9.9 for pressure sores; OR 6.3, 95% CI 3.0–13.0 for fecal incontinence; OR 5.3, 95% CI 2.3–12.0 for urinary incontinence; OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.3 for falls). Conclusion: Very old people have a significant increased risk of several geriatric syndromes during the stay in hospital, particularly if it is long and they are cognitively impaired. A standardized comprehensive geriatric evaluation at admission could be helpful in detecting all subjects at risk and preventing the development of hospital-acquired geriatric syndromes.
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