| 1. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2014
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Ingår i: The European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6052. ; 74:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Coradeschi, Silvia, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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A short review of symbol grounding in robotic and intelligent systems
- 2013
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Ingår i: Künstliche Intelligenz. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1875 .- 1610-1987. ; 27:2, s. 129-136
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper gives an overview of the research papers published in Symbol Grounding in the period from the beginning of the 21st century up 2012. The focus is in the use of symbol grounding for robotics and intelligent system. The review covers a number of subtopics, that include, physical symbol grounding, social symbol grounding, symbol grounding for vision systems, anchoring in robotic systems, and learning symbol grounding in software systems and robotics. This review is published in conjunction with a special issue on Symbol Grounding in the Künstliche Intelligenz Journal.
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| 3. |
- Adamina, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohns Disease: Surgical Treatment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1873-9946 .- 1876-4479. ; 14:2, s. 155-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is the second in a series of two publications relating to the European Crohns and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] evidence-based consensus on the management of Crohns disease. The first article covers medical management; the present article addresses surgical management, including preoperative aspects and drug management before surgery. It also provides technical advice for a variety of common clinical situations. Both articles together represent the evidence-based recommendations of the ECCO for Crohns disease and an update of previous guidelines.
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| 4. |
- Joensuu, Heikki, et al.
(författare)
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Survival Outcomes Associated with 3 Years vs 1 Year of Adjuvant Imatinib for Patients with High-Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors : An Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial after 10-Year Follow-up
- 2020
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Ingår i: JAMA Oncology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2374-2437. ; 6:8, s. 1241-1246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance: Adjuvant imatinib is associated with improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) when administered after surgery to patients with operable gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), but its influence on overall survival (OS) has remained uncertain. Objective: To evaluate the effect of adjuvant imatinib on OS of patients who have a high estimated risk for GIST recurrence after macroscopically complete surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this open-label, randomized (1:1), multicenter phase 3 clinical trial conducted in Finland, Germany, Norway, and Sweden, 400 patients who had undergone macroscopically complete surgery for GIST with a high estimated risk for recurrence according to the modified National Institutes of Health Consensus Criteria were enrolled between February 2004 and September 2008. Data for this follow-up analysis were analyzed from September to November, 2019. Interventions: Imatinib 400 mg/d administered orally for either 12 months or 36 months after surgery. Main Outcomes And Measures: The primary end point was RFS; the secondary objectives included OS and treatment safety. Results: The intention-to-treat cohort consisted of 397 patients (12-month group, 199; 36-month group, 198; 201 men and 196 women; median [IQR] age, 62 (51-69) years and 60 (51-67) years, during a median follow-up time of 119 months after the date of randomization, 194 RFS events and 96 OS events were recorded in the intention-to-treat population. Five-year and 10-year RFS was 71.4% and 52.5%, respectively, in the 36-month group and 53.0% and 41.8% in the 12-month group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49-0.87; P =.003). In the 36-month group, 5-year OS and 10-year OS rates were 92.0% and 79.0%, respectively, and in the 12-month group 85.5% and 65.3% (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.37-0.83; P =.004). The results were similar in the efficacy population, from which 15 patients who did not have GIST in central pathology review and 24 patients who had intra-abdominal metastases removed at surgery were excluded (36-month group, 10-year OS 81.6%; 12-month group, 66.8%; HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32-0.80; P =.003). No new safety signals were detected. Conclusions and Relevance: Three years of adjuvant imatinib is superior in efficacy compared with 1 year of imatinib. Approximately 50% of deaths may be avoided during the first 10 years of follow-up after surgery with longer adjuvant imatinib treatment. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00116935.
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| 5. |
- Munukka, Jori, 1966-
(författare)
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Skälig tidsåtgång vid löpande räkning
- 2017
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Ingår i: Juridisk Tidskrift. - 1100-7761 .- 2002-3545. ; 29:4, s. 939-948
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Glantz, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Revealing the size, conformation, and shape of casein micelles and aggregates with asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation and multiangle light scattering.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 26:15, s. 12585-12591
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Casein (CN) micelles are naturally occurring colloidal protein aggregates present in a dispersed state in milk. In this paper we aim to obtain a detailed description of physicochemical properties of CN micelles over the entire size distribution using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF) connected to multiangle light scattering (MALS) and refractive index (RI) detection. Conclusions are drawn on the colloidal level regarding shape and conformation by comparison with models of colloidal particles. By using AsFlFFF-MALS-RI, it is concluded that the CN micelles are highly polydisperse with an average rms radius and hydrodynamic radius of 177 and 116 nm, respectively. The results show that the majority of CN micelles have a spherical shape, whereas a low concentration exists of larger and elongated aggregates. By comparison with models of aggregates of colloidal particles, the aggregates are shown to be anisotropic, e.g., aggregating linearly (threadlike) or in a sheet, rather than forming randomly spherical clusters. The results show that the characterization of colloidal dispersions with AsFlFFF-MALS-RI and the comparison with theoretical models are of a general character and, thus, of fundamental importance for colloidal dispersions.
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| 7. |
- Ovchinnikov, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Layered Quaternary Germanides-Synthesis and Crystal and Electronic Structures of AELi(2)In(2)Ge(2) (AE = Sr, Ba, Eu)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 58:12, s. 7895-7904
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three new quaternary germanides with the composition AELi(2)In(2)Ge(2) (AE = Sr, Ba, Eu) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The layered crystal structure of these phases features homoatomic In-In bonding, but there are no direct Ge-Ge bonds. Such a crystallographic arrangement can be regarded as an ordered quaternary derivative of the CaCu4P2 structure (trigonal syngony, Pearson code hR7). Comprehensive analysis of the structural genealogy suggests relationships with the structures of other layered pnictides and chalcogenides, which are discussed. Partitioning of the available valence electrons and the assignment of the formal charges indicate that the composition of the new germanides is charge-balanced. First-principles calculations and electrical transport measurements indicate poor metallic behavior, resulting from significant hybridization of the electronic states.
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| 8. |
- Engwall, Magnus, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Toxic potencies of extracts of sediment and settling particulate matter collected in the recipient of a bleached pulp mill effluent before and after abandoning chlorine bleaching
- 1997
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 0730-7268 .- 1552-8618. ; 16:6, s. 1187-1194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracts of bottom sediment and settling particulate matter (SPM) samples collected in the recipient water body of a bleached pulp mill effluent were separated into three fractions: monoaromatic/aliphatic compounds, diaromatic compounds (e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans), and polyaromatic compounds assessment of dioxinlike potency were an in vitro assay, based on the induction of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in chicken embryo livers, a test for EROD induction in ovo using chicken embryos, and an immunotoxicity test measuring inhibition of lymphoid cell development in cultured fetal mouse thymuses. The samples collected closest to the mill were the most potent. There was a time-dependent decrease in dioxinlike potency in the SPM samples collected near the mill, which coincided with the cessation of chlorine gas bleaching at the mill. The bioassays in general, and the in vitro chicken embryo liver bioassay in particular, proved useful in the assessment of dioxinlike compounds in the sediment and SPM samples. The polyaromatic fractions of the samples were generally more potent than the diaromatic fractions. Only a small part of the effects caused by the polyaromatic fractions could be explained by 15 analyzed PAHs, indicating the presence of unquantified polyaromatic compounds with dioxinlike effects. This investigation indicates that the cessation of chlorine bleaching in the pulp mill resulted in a reduced load of diaromatic dioxinlike compounds in the recipient water body.
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| 9. |
- Vedung, Evert, Professor emeritus, 1938-
(författare)
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Modelos de evaluación de programas y polticas públicas
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cuadernos del CEDEOP. - : Universidad de Buenos Aires. - 2796-8200. ; :12, s. 1-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En políticas públicas existen diversos modelos científicos que establecen la forma en que se debe rea-lizarla evaluación de programas.Cada modelo, tiene distintos principios organizadores y por lo tantotienen característicasparticulares, pero el fenómeno de la evaluación, nos permite explicarlos a travésde una taxonomía.Se parte de la idea de evaluación y su relación con la racionalidad y las teorías dela gestión públicapara luego concluir con los distintos modelos de evaluación.Las conclusiones deeste artículodemuestranque no hayunúnico modelo de evaluación yque,por lo tanto, existe unapluralidaddeenfoquesque individualmenteofrecen enfoques y respuestas parciales, por ello, debemosconocer la totalidad.
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| 10. |
- Öylü, Gülin, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Part of the problem or part of the solution : The ambiguous contribution of companies and branches to inequality and exclusion from late work in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: ESA Research Network Ageing in Europe Mid-Term Conference 2022. - Vienna.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although there is rich literature on factors that affect participation and exit patterns ofindividuals in late working life, the emphasis on individual decision making rather thanemployer behaviour. However, the employer’s decision to hire or terminate the contracts playimportant role in unemployment and exit of the older workers in late working life.This paper aims to understand the link between the organizational structure and the sector ofthe companies in the companies’ employing behaviour of the older employees. Using Swedishregistry data that involves all companies in Sweden that have at least one gainful employeebetween the years 1990-2018, this study investigates how do age, gender, educationcomposition, sector and the scale of the company affect its likelihood of hiring and terminatingemployment of older employees by age, gender, and education.This paper shows that the likelihood of entry and exit of older employees differ among thecompanies in different sectors as well as with different age and education composition. Thiscontributes to the inequality among the groups that are structurally distributed in differentsectors or type of companies in late working life.
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| 11. |
- Pingel, Torben, 1984
(författare)
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Quantitative studies of changes in microstructure and activity during ageing of supported catalysts
- 2015
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Catalytic converters have substantially contributed to the improvement of air quality in populated areas in the last decades by abatement of the emission of hazardous componentssuch as CO, unburned hydrocarbons and NOx. However, due to the exposure to high temperature and different components in the exhaust gas, the performance of the catalysts degrades with time. An understanding of the microstructural and chemical changes of the catalysts during different operating conditions is required in order to develop strategies to reduce the degradation.In the present work, a bimetallic Pt-Pd nanoparticle catalyst supported on gamma-aluminawas investigated using high resolution electron microscopy and spectroscopy. The studies included both fresh and aged catalyst systems. In order to allow a quantitativeevaluation of the particle size distributions and locations on the support, a new TEM specimen preparation method was developed. The new method allows for monitoring theevolution of the particle size distribution as well as the spatial difference in the porous oxide support. These microstructural observations were complemented by investigations of the chemical composition and alloying of the nanoparticles. Finally, CO oxidation experimentswere performed to correlate the observed microstructural and compositional changes to the catalytic activity.
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| 12. |
- Khataei, Mohammad Mahdi, et al.
(författare)
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A review of green solvent extraction techniques and their use in antibiotic residue analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0731-7085. ; 209
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibiotic residues are being continuously recognized in the aquatic environment and in food. Though the concentration of antibiotic residues is typically low, adverse effects on the environment and human health have been observed. Hence, an efficient method to determine numerous antibiotic residues should be simple, inexpensive, selective, with high throughput and with low detection limits. Liquid-based extractions have been exceedingly used for clean-up and preconcentration of antibiotics prior to chromatographic analysis. In order to make methods more green and environmentally sustainable, conventional hazardous organic solvents can be replaced with green solvents. This review presents sampling strategies as well as comprehensive and up-to-date methods for chemical analysis of antibiotic residues in different sample matrices. Particularly, solvent-based sample preparation techniques using green solvents are discussed along with applications in antibiotic residue analysis.
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| 13. |
- Hallgren, Per, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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InnerCircle: A Parallelizable Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Location Proximity Protocol
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust (PST). ; , s. 1-6
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Location Based Services (LBS) are becoming increasingly popular. Users enjoy a wide range of services from tracking a lost phone to querying for nearby restaurants or nearby tweets. However, many users are concerned about sharing their location. A major challenge is achieving the privacy of LBS without hampering the utility. This paper focuses on the problem of location proximity, where principals are willing to reveal whether they are within a certain distance from each other. Yet the principals are privacy-sensitive, not willing to reveal any further information about their locations, nor the distance. We propose InnerCircle, a novel secure multi-party computation protocol for location privacy, based on partially homomorphic encryption. The protocol achieves precise fully privacy-preserving location proximity without a trusted third party in a single round trip. We prove that the protocol is secure in the semi-honest adversary model of Secure Multi-party Computation, and thus guarantees the desired privacy properties. We present the results of practical experiments of three instances of the protocol using different encryption schemes. We show that, thanks to its parallelizability, the protocol scales well to practical applications.
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| 14. |
- Pingel, Ronnie, 1978-
(författare)
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Some Aspects of Propensity Score-based Estimators for Causal Inference
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of four papers that are related to commonly used propensity score-based estimators for average causal effects.The first paper starts with the observation that researchers often have access to data containing lots of covariates that are correlated. We therefore study the effect of correlation on the asymptotic variance of an inverse probability weighting and a matching estimator. Under the assumptions of normally distributed covariates, constant causal effect, and potential outcomes and a logit that are linear in the parameters we show that the correlation influences the asymptotic efficiency of the estimators differently, both with regard to direction and magnitude. Further, the strength of the confounding towards the outcome and the treatment plays an important role.The second paper extends the first paper in that the estimators are studied under the more realistic setting of using the estimated propensity score. We also relax several assumptions made in the first paper, and include the doubly robust estimator. Again, the results show that the correlation may increase or decrease the variances of the estimators, but we also observe that several aspects influence how correlation affects the variance of the estimators, such as the choice of estimator, the strength of the confounding towards the outcome and the treatment, and whether constant or non-constant causal effect is present.The third paper concerns estimation of the asymptotic variance of a propensity score matching estimator. Simulations show that large gains can be made for the mean squared error by properly selecting smoothing parameters of the variance estimator and that a residual-based local linear estimator may be a more efficient estimator for the asymptotic variance. The specification of the variance estimator is shown to be crucial when evaluating the effect of right heart catheterisation, i.e. we show either a negative effect on survival or no significant effect depending on the choice of smoothing parameters. In the fourth paper, we provide an analytic expression for the covariance matrix of logistic regression with normally distributed regressors. This paper is related to the other papers in that logistic regression is commonly used to estimate the propensity score.
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| 15. |
- Bhandari, Amit Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Wage Inequality and Job Insecurity Among Permanent and Contract Workers in India: Evidence from Organized Manufacturing Industries
- 2008
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Ingår i: The ICFAI Journal of Applied Economics. - 0972-6861. ; 7:1, s. 80-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the early 1990s, the employment structure of organized manufacturing industries in India has undergone substantial changes with steep rise in the use of contract workers in place of permanent workers. This process has led to increased wage inequality, discrimination as well as concern of job insecurity in the labor market. The paper focuses on wage inequality between permanent and contract workers, since contract workers earn substantially lower wages than their counterparts. The study uses data at the individual level from a recent labor survey of organized manufacturing industries in the India. The lower wage earned by contract workers is largely due to cost cutting, rather than differences in labor productivity. The issue of job insecurity has been modeled in the form of a binary logistic model. The factors affecting job security are divided into productivity-related attributes such as level of education and skill, and institutional attributes such as labor market rules and regulations and union membership. Contrary to the general expectation, the study finds that permanent workers are more concerned regarding job insecurity than the contract workers.
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| 16. |
- Laato, M, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatory reaction and blood flow in experimental wounds inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus.
- 1988
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Ingår i: European Surgical Research. - 0014-312X .- 1421-9921. ; 20:1, s. 33-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wound healing and granulation tissue formation can be accelerated by inoculation with live pathogenic microorganisms. For further elucidation of this phenomenon the present work was undertaken to study the effects of Staphylococcus aureus microorganisms on the inflammatory reaction and blood flow in developing granulation tissue in rats. Cylindrical hollow sponge implants were used as an inductive matrix for the growth of granulation tissue. In control animals 1 ml of wound fluid was withdrawn from the central dead space of the implant immediately after implantation and replaced with 1 ml of physiological saline. In experimental animals the implants were injected with live staphylococci, 10(2) or 10(5) microorganisms/ml. Wound fluid was analyzed 3, 7, 10 and 14 days after implantation, whereas measurements of local blood flow and albumin extravasation in the granulation tissue were made after 7 days. Implants inoculated with 10(5) organisms developed infection with pus formation while implants contaminated with 10(2) organisms showed no infection. In wound fluid specimens collected from the infected implants correlation between the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and prostaglandin E2 concentration was statistically significant. The most prominent finding in contaminated but uninfected implants was an enhanced local blood flow. This may explain some of the mechanisms leading to S. aureus-induced acceleration of wound healing.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Ferrari, M. L., et al.
(författare)
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Pressurized SOFC System Fuelled by Biogas : Control Approaches and Degradation Impact
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power. - : American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). - 0742-4795 .- 1528-8919. ; 143:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper shows control approaches for managing a pressurized solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system fuelled by biogas. This is an advanced solution to integrate the high efficiency benefits of a pressurized SOFC with a renewable source. The operative conditions of these analyses are based on the matching with an emulator rig including a T100 machine for tests in cyber-physical mode. So, this paper presents a real-time model including the fuel cell, the off-gas burner (OFB), and the recirculation lines. Although the microturbine components are planned to be evaluated with the hardware devices, the model includes also the T100 expander for machine control reasons. The simulations shown in this paper regard the assessment of an innovative control tool based on the model predictive control (MPC) technology. This controller and an additional tool based on the coupling of MPC and proportional integral derivative (PID) approaches were assessed against the application of PID controllers. The control targets consider both steady-state and dynamic aspects. Moreover, different control solutions are presented to operate the system during fuel cell degradation. The results include the system response to load variations, and SOFC voltage decrease. Considering the simulations including SOFC degradation, the MPC was able to decrease the thermal stress, but it was not able to compensate the degradation. On the other hand, the tool based on the coupling of the MPC and the PID approaches produced the best results in terms of set-point matching, and SOFC thermal stress containment.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Theorell, Töres, et al.
(författare)
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Saliva testosterone and heart rate variability in the professional symphony orchestra after "public faintings" of an orchestra member
- 2007
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 32:6, s. 660-668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Musicians are sensitive to changes in their work environment. A 2-year longitudinal study with repeated observations was performed in two professional symphony orchestras. A representative sample from each one of them was selected, 15 and 16 members respectively. In one of them a wind player fainted twice in front of the audience shortly preceding and coinciding with the start of the study. Changes in two indicators that reflect regenerative/anabolic and parasympathetic tone, saliva testosterone concentration (STC) and very low-frequency power (VLFP) in heart rate variability were followed in relation to this dramatic change. Saliva samples and 24-h ECG heart rate variability recordings were collected on five occasions every 6 months during a 2-year period. No changes were seen in the control orchestra whereas the levels showed a pronounced rise in the intervention orchestra during the first part of the study, starting from low levels. VLFP showed a similar pattern, with initially low and then rising level in the intervention orchestra and higher stable level in the other group. In the total study group, a rise in STC over the whole observation period was significantly correlated with increase in VLFP and also significantly correlated with a decrease in low/high-frequency power ratio in heart rate variability. The changes observed in the anabolic/regenerative STC and the parasympathetically influenced VLFP may reflect changes in the work environment associated with the faintings.
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| 22. |
- Khan, Mohsin Saeed
(författare)
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Poverty of opportunity for women selling sex in Lahore, Pakistan : knowledge, experiences and magnitude of HIV and STIs
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: According to the UNAIDS’ estimates, the incidence of HIV infection has decreased by 19% over the last ten years. WHO estimated in 2005 that approximately 448 million cases of four major curable STIs occur in adults in the age group 15-49 years. Most at risk populations including women selling sex engage in behaviours that lead to HIV transmission. Health care providers are considered to play a pivotal role in the provision of preventive and curative services to individuals suffering from HIV/AIDS and STIs. The HIV epidemic in Pakistan is concentrated among injecting drug users and Hijras (transgenders). Methods: The research involved both qualitative and quantitative research methods leading to Paper I – IV. In Paper I, individual interviews were conducted and then analyzed using the content analysis method. Respondent driven sampling was used to collect data for paper II and III, where in addition to administering a structured questionnaire, biological samples were collected to estimate the prevalence of HIV, T. pallidum, N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis and T. vaginalis. Furthermore, structured questionnaire was administered to collect data for paper IV among health care providers. Results: Limited opportunities, poverty, financial burdens, and the desire for more material assets have made girls and married women in Lahore enter and become trapped in a “web” of selling sex. Whereas 91% of women selling sex were married, 0.7% were infected with HIV, and an additional 18.5% were suffering from different curable STIs. Only 19% and 83% of the participants were aware of the terms HIV and AIDS, respectively, and only 37% had correct knowledge about transmission and prevention of AIDS. The odds of being infected with C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae were 2.1 (CI 95%; 1.1-3.8) and 1.9 (CI 95%; 1.1-3.5), respectively, if women reported “not always” using condoms as compared to if they reported “always” using condoms. There were varying knowledge levels and misconceptions regarding STIs. Approximately two thirds of the women considered themselves to have had STIs in the six months preceding the survey. Women selling sex who reported consistent condom use were 1.5 times (CI 95%; 1.1-2.2) more likely to seek treatment than women who did not consistently use condoms. The treatment received did not follow any standard treatment guidelines, influencing both effectiveness and compliance. Forty-five percent of the healthcare providers had correct knowledge about the transmission and prevention of HIV, and 82% were not aware of syndromic management of STIs. Only 10% could cite the ‘correct treatment’ of gonorrhoea, syphilis and vaginal discharge. The odds of having the ‘correct knowledge’ of diagnosing gonorrhoea and syphilis were 2.1 (CI 95%; 1.2–3.8) if the healthcare provider was a female medical doctor working in the public sector. Conclusions: Poverty, the drive for materialism, and the desire for money are the major driving forces for resorting to selling sex, depicting a social behavioural change. HIV infection and STIs among women selling sex were relatively low in this study, which is possibly due to a high condom use, relatively low numbers of sexual partners and availability of clinical services, including syndromic management. However, there exists a high risk for a concentrated HIV epidemic among women selling sex due to their low level of knowledge about HIV, attitudes, risk behaviour and sexual practices. The level of knowledge about STIs remains low among women selling sex in Lahore, Pakistan. Furthermore, health-seeking behaviour for STI treatment is influenced by ability to pay and ease of access, as well as availability in the private sector. Even though health care providers in Lahore were providing health care for both HIV/AIDS and STI patients, the low levels of knowledge and practices and poor attitudes regarding the management of HIV infection and STIs emphasize that further intensive training is needed to improve their ability to correctly diagnose and subsequently treat patients infected by STIs.
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| 23. |
- Moreno Romero, Jordi, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in Histone Methylation and Acetylation during Microspore Reprogramming to Embryogenesis Occur Concomitantly with BnHKMT and BnHAT Expression and Are Associated with Cell Totipotency, Proliferation, and Differentiation in Brassica napus
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cytogenetic and Genome Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1424-8581 .- 1424-859X. ; 143, s. 209-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to stress treatments, microspores can be reprogrammed to become totipotent cells that follow an embryogenic pathway producing haploid and double-haploid embryos which are important biotechnological tools in plant breeding. Recent studies have revealed the involvement of DNA methylation in regulating this process, but no information is available on the role of histone modifications in microspore embryogenesis. Histone modifications are major epigenetic marks controlling gene expression during plant development and in response to environmental changes. Lysine methylation of histones, accomplished by histone lysine methyltransferases (HKMTs), can occur on different lysine residues, with histone H3K9 methylation being mainly associated with transcriptionally silenced regions. In contrast, histone H3 and H4 acetylation is carried out by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and is associated with actively transcribed genes. In this work, we analyzed 3 different histone epigenetic marks: dimethylation of H3K9 (H3K9me2) and acetylation of H3 and H4 (H3Ac and H4Ac) during microspore embryogenesis in Brassica napus by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays. The expression patterns of histone methyltransferase BnHKMT and histone acetyltransferase BnHAT genes have also been analyzed by qPCR. Our results revealed different spatial and temporal distribution patterns for methylated and acetylated histone variants during microspore embryogenesis and their similarity with the expression profiles of BnHKMT and BnHAT, respectively. The data presented suggest the participation of H3K9me2 and HKMT in embryo cell differentiation and heterochromatinization events, whereas H3Ac, H4Ac, and HAT would be involved in transcriptional activation, totipotency, and proliferation events during cell reprogramming and embryo development. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
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| 24. |
- Guo, MZ, et al.
(författare)
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A new Q-learning algorithm based on the Metropolis criterion
- 2004
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics. - 1083-4419. ; 34:5, s. 2140-2143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The balance between exploration and exploitation is one of the key problems of action selection in Q-learning. Pure exploitation causes the agent to reach the locally optimal policies quickly, whereas excessive exploration degrades the performance of the Q-learning algorithm even if it may accelerate the learning process and allow avoiding the locally optimal policies. In this paper, finding the optimum policy in Q-learning is de scribed as search for the optimum solution in combinatorial optimization. The Metropolis criterion of simulated annealing algorithm is introduced in order to balance exploration and exploitation of Q-learning, and the modified Q-learning algorithm based on this criterion, SA-Q-learning, is presented. Experiments show that SA-Q-learning converges more quickly than Q-learning or Boltzmann exploration, and that the search does not suffer of performance degradation due to excessive exploration.
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| 25. |
- Kubilinskas, Eligijus, et al.
(författare)
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Recovery, routing and load balancing strategy for an IP/MPLS network
- 2007
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Ingår i: Managing Traffic Performance in Converged Networks / Lecture notes in computer science. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 0302-9743 .- 1611-3349. ; 4516, s. 65-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper considers a problem of routing, protection and load balancing in the IP/MPLS network. A network design problem combining all these aspects is presented. Proportionally fair distribution of residual bandwidths on links is used for load balancing, and protection is achieved with failure-dependent backup paths. The efficiency of the proposed approach is tested by combining optimization and simulation tools. Numerical experiments show that using the proposed load balancing and protection mechanisms decreases the number of disrupted LSPs in case of failures, as compared to other recovery options considered.
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| 26. |
- Mazraati, Hamid, et al.
(författare)
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Free- and reference-layer magnetization modes versus in-plane magnetic field in a magnetic tunnel junction with perpendicular magnetic easy axis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 94:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the magnetodynamic modes of a magnetic tunnel junction with perpendicular magnetic easy axis (p-MTJ) in in-plane magnetic fields using device-level ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy. We compare our experimental results to those of micromagnetic simulations of the entire p-MTJ. Using an iterative approach to determine the material parameters that best fit our experiment, we find excellent agreement between experiments and simulations in both the static magnetoresistance and magnetodynamics in the free and reference layers. From the micromagnetic simulations, we determine the spatial mode profiles, the localization of the modes and, as a consequence, their distribution in the frequency domain due to the inhomogeneous internal field distribution inside the p-MTJ under different applied field regimes. We also conclude that the excitation mechanism is a combination of the microwave voltage modulated perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, the microwave Oersted field, and the spin-transfer torque generated by the microwave current.
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| 27. |
- Casini, Lorenzo
(författare)
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The Immortality of the Soul
- 2018
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Ingår i: Philosophy of Mind in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance. - London : Routledge. - 9781138243941 ; , s. 229-249
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Noakes, DR, et al.
(författare)
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Spin dynamics and freezing in magnetic rare-earth quasicrystals
- 1998
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Ingår i: PHYSICS LETTERS A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0375-9601. ; 238:2-3, s. 197-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Muon spin relaxation measurements of RE8Mg42Zn50 (RE = Gd, Tb) quasicrystals have revealed slower spin dynamics and more prompt spin freezing for Tb than Gd, due to "crystalline electric field" splitting in low rare-earth site symmetry. Inhomogeneous spin
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| 30. |
- Casini, Luca, et al.
(författare)
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Tradformer : A Transformer Model of Traditional Music Transcriptions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings 31st International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2022. ; , s. 4915-4920
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We explore the transformer neural network architecture for modeling music, specifically Irish and Swedish traditional dance music.Given the repetitive structures of these kinds of music, the transformer should be as successful with fewer parameters and complexity as the hitherto most successful model, a vanilla long short-term memory network.We find that achieving good performance with the transformer is not straightforward,and careful consideration is needed for the sampling strategy, evaluating intermediate outputs in relation to engineering choices, and finally analyzing what the model learns.We discuss these points with several illustrations, providing reusable insights for engineering other music generation systems. We also report the high performance of our final transformer model in a competition of music generation systems focused on a type of Swedish dance.
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| 31. |
- Casini, Michele
(författare)
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A metacommunity perspective on source-sink dynamics and management: the Baltic Sea as a case study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ecological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1051-0761 .- 1939-5582. ; 24, s. 1820-1832
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The degree to which metapopulation processes influence fish stock dynamics is a largely unresolved issue in marine science and management, especially for highly mobile species such as Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and herring (Clupea harengus). The Baltic Sea comprises a heterogeneous oceanographic environment that structures the spatial and temporal distribution of the dominant species cod, herring, and sprat (Sprattus sprattus). Despite local differences, the stocks are traditionally managed as homogeneous units. Here, we present a metacommunity-perspective on source sink dynamics of Baltic Sea fish stocks by using a spatially disaggregated statistical food web model. The model is fitted to area-specific time series of multiple abiotic and biotic variables using state-space methods. Our analysis reveals pronounced net fluxes between areas, indicative of source sink dynamics, as well as area-specific differences in species interactions (i.e., density dependence, competition, and predator prey) and the degree of fishing and climate impact on survival and recruitment. Furthermore, model simulations show that decreasing exploitation pressure in the source area for cod (without reallocating fishing effort) produces an increase in neighboring sink habitats, but a decline of prey species in response to increased predation. Our approach provides valuable insight concerning metacommunity-structuring of marine fish and may serve as an important tool for implementing sustainable management strategies under the ecosystem approach to marine and fisheries management.
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| 32. |
- Chauhan, Pallavi, et al.
(författare)
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De novo transcriptome of Ischnura elegans provides insights into sensory biology, colour and vision genes
- 2014
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Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is growing interest in odonates (damselflies and dragonflies) as model organisms in ecology and evolutionary biology but the development of genomic resources has been slow. So far only one draft genome (Ladona fulva) and one transcriptome assembly (Enallagma hageni) have been published. Odonates have some of the most advanced visual systems among insects and several species are colour polymorphic, and genomic and transcriptomic data would allow studying the genomic architecture of these interesting traits and make detailed comparative studies between related species possible. Here, we present a comprehensive de novo transcriptome assembly for the blue-tailed damselfly Ischnura elegans (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) built from short-read RNA-seq data. The transcriptome analysis in this paper provides a first step towards identifying genes and pathways underlying the visual and colour systems in this insect group. Results: Illumina RNA sequencing performed on tissues from the head, thorax and abdomen generated 428,744,100 paired-ends reads amounting to 110 Gb of sequence data, which was assembled de novo with Trinity. A transcriptome was produced after filtering and quality checking yielding a final set of 60,232 high quality transcripts for analysis. CEGMA software identified 247 out of 248 ultra-conserved core proteins as 'complete' in the transcriptome assembly, yielding a completeness of 99.6%. BLASTX and InterProScan annotated 55% of the assembled transcripts and showed that the three tissue types differed both qualitatively and quantitatively in I. elegans. Differential expression identified 8,625 transcripts to be differentially expressed in head, thorax and abdomen. Targeted analyses of vision and colour functional pathways identified the presence of four different opsin types and three pigmentation pathways. We also identified transcripts involved in temperature sensitivity, thermoregulation and olfaction. All these traits and their associated transcripts are of considerable ecological and evolutionary interest for this and other insect orders. Conclusions: Our work presents a comprehensive transcriptome resource for the ancient insect order Odonata and provides insight into their biology and physiology. The transcriptomic resource can provide a foundation for future investigations into this diverse group, including the evolution of colour, vision, olfaction and thermal adaptation.
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| 33. |
- Ebrahimpouri, Mahsa, et al.
(författare)
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A bespoke lens for a slot log-spiral excitation
- 2018
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Ingår i: IET Conference Publications. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a bespoke lens has been designed for a slot log-spiral excitation. The performance of this lens is compared with a conventional hyper-hemispherical lens. Using the bespoke lens methodology, the specific electromagnetic properties of the slot log-spiral excitation are obtained and its phase fronts are transformed to flat phase fronts by a QCTO (quasi-conformal transformation optics) technique. The performance of the lenses is evaluated with the radiation properties. The bespoke lens produces an improvement in terms of directivity and side lobe levels.
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| 34. |
- Perneman, Jan-Erik, 1947-
(författare)
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Förändringens utmaningar
- 2010. - 1
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Ingår i: Lärande i och för det nya arbetslivet. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144070629 ; , s. 155-172
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 35. |
- Takatsy, Aniko, et al.
(författare)
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Universal method for synthesis of artificial gel antibodies by the imprinting approach combined with a unique electrophoresis technique for detection of minute structural differences of proteins viruses and cells, (bacteria). : lb. Gel antibodies against proteins (hemoglobins)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Electrophoresis. - : Wiley. - 0173-0835 .- 1522-2683. ; 28:14, s. 2345-2350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the molecular imprinting approach, we have shown that polyacrylamide-based artificial antibodies against human and bovine hemoglobin have a very high selectivity, as revealed by the free-zone electrophoresis in a revolving capillary. By the same technique we have previously synthesized gel antibodies not only against proteins but also against viruses and bacteria. The synthesis is thus universal, i.e., it has the great advantage of not requiring a modification - or only a slight one - for each particular antigen. The combination synthesis of artificial gel antibodies and electrophoretic analysis reveals small discrepancies in shape and chemical composition not only of proteins, as shown here and in paper la, but also of viruses and bacteria, to be illustrated in papers II and III in this series. Upon rehydration, the freeze-dried gel antibodies, selective for human hemoglobin, regain their selectivity. The gel antibodies can repeatedly be used following the removal of the antigen (protein in this study) from the complex gel antibody/antigen by an SDS washing or an enzymatic degradation.
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| 36. |
- Takeda, Kazuya, et al.
(författare)
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An International Large-Scale Vehicle Corpora for Research on Driver Behavior on the Road
- 2011
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 12:4, s. 1609-1623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper considers a comprehensive and collaborative project to collect large amounts of driving data on the road for use in a wide range of areas of vehicle-related research centered on driving behavior. Unlike previous data collection efforts, the corpora collected here contain both human and vehicle sensor data, together with rich and continuous transcriptions. While most efforts on in-vehicle research are generally focused within individual countries, this effort links a collaborative team from three diverse regions (i.e., Asia, American, and Europe). Details relating to the data collection paradigm, such as sensors, driver information, routes, and transcription protocols, are discussed, and a preliminary analysis of the data across the three data collection sites from the U.S. (Dallas), Japan (Nagoya), and Turkey (Istanbul) is provided. The usability of the corpora has been experimentally verified with a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.74 for transcription reliability, as well as being successfully exploited for several in-vehicle applications. Most importantly, the corpora are publicly available for research use and represent one of the first multination efforts to share resources and understand driver characteristics. Future work on distributing the corpora to the wider research community is also discussed.
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| 37. |
- van Dijken, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Bonding of a Single-step Self-etching Adhesive in Noncarious Cervical Lesions
- 2007
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Ingår i: The journal of adhesive dentistry. - 1461-5185. ; 9:2, s. 241-243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical retention to dentin of a single-step self-etching adhesive system. Materials and Methods: A total of 133 Class V restorations were placed with the self-etching primer Xeno III and a resin composite (Tetric Ceram) or a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract AP) in noncarious cervical lesions without intentional enamel involvement. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and then every 6 months during a 2- year follow-up. Dentin bonding efficacy was determined by the percentage of lost restorations. Results: During the 2 years, 130 restorations could be evaluated. The cumulative loss rate at 2 years was 7.7%, with no significant differences between the two restorative materials. The self-etching adhesive fulfilled the 18-month full acceptance ADA criteria. Conclusion: The single-step self-etching adhesive showed acceptable clinical retention rates to dentin surfaces during the evaluation period independent of restorative material used.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Bettcher, B. M., et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Levels of Inflammation Differentially Relate to CNS Markers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology and Neuronal Damage
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimers Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 62:1, s. 385-397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammatory markers have been shown to predict neurocognitive outcomes in aging adults; however, the degree to which peripheral markers mirror the central nervous system remains unknown. We investigated the association between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of inflammation, and explored whether these markers independently predict CSF indicators of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology or neuronal damage. Plasma and CSF samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers in a cohort of asymptomatic older adults (n = 173). CSF samples were analyzed for markers of AD pathology (A beta(42), phosphorylated tau [p-tau], sA beta PP beta) or neuronal damage (total tau; neurofilament light chain) (n = 147). Separate linear models for each analyte were conducted with CSF and plasma levels entered simultaneously as predictors and markers of AD pathology or neuronal damage as outcome measures. Strong associations were noted between CSF and plasma MIP-1 beta levels, and modest associations were observed for remaining analytes. With respect to AD pathology, higher levels of plasma and CSF IL-8, CSF MIP-1 beta, and CSF IP-10 were associated with higher levels of p-tau. Higher levels of CSF IL-8 were associated with higher levels of CSF A beta(42). Higher CSF sA beta PP beta levels were associated with higher plasma markers only (IL-8; MCP-1). In terms of neuronal injury, higher levels of plasma and CSF IL-8, CSF IP-10, and CSF MIP-1 beta were associated with higher levels of CSF total tau. Exploratory analyses indicated that CSF A beta(42) modifies the relationship between plasma inflammatory levels and CSF tau levels. Results suggest that both plasma and CSF inflammatory markers independently relay integral information about AD pathology and neuronal damage.
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| 40. |
- Giannis, Roussos, et al.
(författare)
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3D Navigation and Collision Avoidance for Nonholonomic aircraft-like vehicles
- 2010
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Ingår i: International journal of adaptive control and signal processing (Print). - : Wiley. - 0890-6327 .- 1099-1115. ; 24:10, s. 900-920
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper extends the Navigation Function methodology to the case of 3D nonholonomic vehicles, both in single agent and multi-agent problems. The kinematic, nonholonomic, three-dimensional model considered is chosen to resemble the motion of an aircraft by preventing any movement along the lateral or perpendicular axis, as well as preventing high yaw rotation rates. The discontinuous feedback control law used is based on the artificial potential field generated by Dipolar Navigation Functions and steers the agents away from obstacles or each other and towards their destinations, while respecting the nonholonomic constraints present. The convergence properties of the proposed control strategies are formally guaranteed and verified by non-trivial simulation results
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Lorenzo, P., et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and a COMP neoepitope in synovial fluid of patients with different joint disorders by novel automated assays
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. - : Elsevier BV. - 1063-4584. ; 25:9, s. 1436-1442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To develop automated immunoassays for the quantification of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) and a COMP neoepitope in synovial fluid and to investigate their diagnostic potential in different joint conditions. Methods: Two sandwich immunoassays were developed for the quantification of COMP and a COMP neoepitope, using an automated analyser (IDS-iSYS, Immunodiagnostic Systems, Boldon, UK). Assay performance was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, recovery, linearity, and intra- and inter-assay precision. Clinical performance was evaluated by analysing synovial fluid from patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), reactive arthritis (ReA), osteoarthritis (OA) or acute trauma (AT). Results: Both automated assays showed good performance for all parameters tested. Quantification of these biomarkers showed the highest median values for Total COMP in the OA group, followed by the AT group, the ReA group, and the RA group. For the COMP neoepitope the AT group showed the highest median value, followed by the ReA group, the OA group, and the RA group. The ratio COMP neoepitope/Total COMP showed distinct differences between the patients groups, as well as between RA patients with slow or rapid progression of joint damage. Conclusions: The newly developed automated assays have a good technical performance, can reliably quantify different epitopes on the COMP molecule and show different levels of the two biomarkers in synovial fluid in patients with different joint diseases. The combination of these two assays, measuring their ratio, shows promise for early detection of patients with RA with different prognosis regarding progression of joint damage.
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| 43. |
- Mansson, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Positive intergenic feedback circuitry, involving EBF1 and FOXO1, orchestrates B-cell fate
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 109:51, s. 21028-21033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies have identified a number of transcriptional regulators, including E2A, early B-cell factor 1 (EBF1), FOXO1, and paired box gene 5 (PAX5), that promote early B-cell development. However, how this ensemble of regulators mechanistically promotes B-cell fate remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that B-cell development in FOXO1-deficient mice is arrested in the common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) LY6D(+) cell stage. We demonstrate that this phenotype closely resembles the arrest in B-cell development observed in EBF1-deficient mice. Consistent with these observations, we find that the transcription signatures of FOXO1- and EBF1-deficient LY6D(+) progenitors are strikingly similar, indicating a common set of target genes. Furthermore, we found that depletion of EBF1 expression in LY6D(+) CLPs severely affects FOXO1 mRNA abundance, whereas depletion of FOXO1 activity in LY6D(+) CLPs ablates EBF1 transcript levels. We generated a global regulatory network from EBF1 and FOXO1 genome-wide transcription factor occupancy and transcription signatures derived from EBF1- and FOXO1-deficient CLPs. This analysis reveals that EBF1 and FOXO1 act in a positive feedback circuitry to promote and stabilize specification to the B-cell lineage.
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| 44. |
- Margrain, Valerie, Professor, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
Global discussion online : IPC student teachers in seven countries
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This presentation shares how student teachers in seven countries came together online to share intercultural perspectives and experiences on a range of topics of relevance to education systems, policy, teacher education, and childhood. In 2017, participating countries were: Australia, Bulgaria, Germany, Japan, Spain, Sweden and the USA. Through the process of discussing and documenting diverse cultural and educational practices – for example the age children start school, the involvement of parents in education, uniforms, daily routines, inclusion, and technology - student teachers reflected on values, beliefs, traditions and aspirations. The experience also developed their verbal and visual communication skills – for most students in a second language. Swedish and Australian student teachers synthesized global findings as presentations, which informed local course learning of all participants. The global discussion is part of the broader International Project (http://www.internationalproject-ipc.com/en/).
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Raphipan, Panraphee, et al.
(författare)
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Context aware traffic congestion estimation to compensate intermittently avaialble mobile sensors
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tenth International Conference on Mobile Data Management: systems, services and middleware, 2009. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781424441532 ; , s. 405-410
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estimating the degree of traffic congestion at run time is crucially important for intelligent transportation systems (ITS) especially when selecting travel routes. One of the challenges when using a mobile sensor (e.g. mobile phone, GPS) as source of traffic data stems from its mobility. This paper proposes a novel approach to fusing mobile data and an algorithm for traffic congestion estimation to compensate intermittent available mobile sensors. Furthermore, our proposed model is also tolerant to incomplete data and it is open to any type of sensors. This approach differs from other traffic congestion estimation techniques in that it utilizes discoverable context even on sensorless road segments in real time instead of entirely relying on a sensor-based data of observed road segment. Implementation and validation through extensive experimentation with real data confirms feasibility of the proposed approach.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Viegas, Edna Omar, et al.
(författare)
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Intradermal HIV-1 DNA immunization using needle-free ZetajetTM injection followed by HIV-modified vaccinia virus Ankara vaccination is safe and immunogenic in Mozambican young adults : a phase I randomized controlled trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 0889-2229 .- 1931-8405. ; 34:2, s. 193-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We assessed safety and immunogenicity of HIV-DNA priming using ZetajetTM, a needle-free device intradermally followed by intramuscular HIV-MVA boosts, in 24 healthy Mozambicans. Volunteers were randomized to receive three immunizations of 600 µg (n = 10; 2 x 0.1mL) or 1200 µg (n = 10; 2 x 0.2mL) of HIV-DNA (3 mg/mL), followed by two boosts of 108pfu HIV-MVA. Four subjects received placebo saline injections. Vaccines and injections were safe and well tolerated with no difference between the two priming groups. After three HIV-DNA immunizations, IFN-γ ELISpot responses to Gag were detected in 9/17 (53%) vaccinees, while none responded to Env. After the first HIV-MVA, the overall response rate to Gag and/or Env increased to 14/15 (93%); 14/15 (93%) to Gag and 13/15 (87%) to Env. There were no significant differences between the immunization groups in frequency of response to Gag and Env or magnitude of Gag responses. Env responses were significantly higher in the higher-dose group (median 420 vs 157.5 SFC/million PBMC, p=0.014). HIV-specific antibodies to subtype C gp140 and subtype B gp160 were elicited in all vaccinees after the second HIV-MVA, without differences in titers between the groups. Neutralizing antibody responses were not detected. Two (13%) of 16 vaccinees, one in each of the priming groups, exhibited antibodies mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity to CRF01_AE. In conclusion, HIV-DNA vaccine delivered intradermally in volumes of 0.1-0.2 mL using ZetajetTM was safe and well tolerated. Priming with the 1200 µg dose of HIV-DNA generated higher magnitudes of ELISpot responses to Env.
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| 50. |
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